U新视野英语教程Unit

DreamsUnit6NEWHORIZONENGLISHCOURSESBookTwoUnit6Dreams1AroundtheTopic2SectionA3SectionB4SectionCLeadinginExploringtheTopicPlusActivitiesWarming-upTextAExercisesBackgroundInformationReadingThroughExercisesRelatedKnowledgeSampleReadingExercisesUsefulTermsDreamsreallycancometrue!Nomatterhowoldyouare,ifyoureallyandtrulywantsomethinginlife,youcangetitifyoutryyourbest.Whentimesaretoughandothersdon’tbelievethatyoucanmakeyourdreamcometrue,lookinsideyourheartandtryevenharder.Whenitcomesrightdowntoit,onlyyouareinchargeofwhereyourlifegoes.Happytraveling!Directions:Inthissectionyou’lllistentosomeonetalkingaboutdreams.Whilelistening,trytowriteinthespaceprovidedwiththeinformationyouhearfromtherecording.What’sthetopicofTextAinthisunit?1)______________________________.What’sthetopicofTextBinthisunit?2)______________________________.WhatdidtheyoungmandoinExample1?He3)__________________________inbusinesstostudymusic.Howoldwastheladywhenshestartedtostudyforacollegedegree?4)______________________________.LifeinaViolinCaseNeverTooOldtoLiveYourDreamgaveupapromisingcareerEightysevenyearsold.Directions:Youwillhearashortpassage.Listencarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatkindofjobdoyoudreamofdoingasacareer?2.Howcanyoumakeyourdreamscometrue?keykeySuggestedanswer:Everyonehashisidealjobinhisdreamjustasmanyyoungpeopletodaytendtofollowwell-paidjobsastheircareer.ButwhenIamfacedupwiththechoiceoneday,Iwouldliketopursueacareerwhichinterestsmeandhelpsrealizemylifevaluethoughitmaynotnecessarilyprovidememoremoney.ReturnSuggestedanswer:Dreamsreallycancometruebutitwillneverbecometherealitybyitself.Wecanmakeitaslongaswetryourbestanddon’tgiveupwhenstuckindifficulties.Solet’skeepinmindthefamoussaying“Thereisawill,thereisaway.”ReturnQuestions&Answers3.Whatfactor(s)is/arethemostimportantinrealizingyourdreams?4.Whatmayhavetobegivenupfortherealizationofyourdreams?keykeySuggestedanswer:Whenaskedwhatarethemostimportantfactorsinrealizingone’sdreams,peoplemayholddifferentopinions.Manypeoplebelievethatinmodernsocietymoneyandpoweraredecisivefactors.ButsofarasIamconcerned,Ithinkwhetheronecanmakehisdreamcometruedependsonhistalentandtheeffortshemakesbecausetheyarealwaysthekeystothedoorofsuccess.ReturnSuggestedanswer:Itdependsonwhatkindofdreamyouaretryingtorealize.Ifyoutakeupajobthatshouldpaywellinordertoliveacomfortablelifeeventhoughyouarenotinterestedinit,youmayhavetogiveupspiritualsatisfaction;ifyouinsistondoingsomethingyouhavedreamedofdespitethelowpay,youmayhavetogiveupthematerialcomfort.Butnomaterwhatkindofdreamyouarepursuing,goodhealth,loveandcareforothersshouldneverbegivenup.ReturnLifeinaViolinCaseSectionA:Doyoulikemusic?Whatdoesmusicmeantoyou?Listento“Do-Re-Mi”from“TheSoundofMusic”,anddiscusswithyourclassmates.Do-adeerafemaledeerRe-adropofgoldensunMi-anameIcallmyselfFa-alonglongwaytorunSo-aneedlepullingthreadLa-anotetofollowsoTi-adrinkwithjamandbreadThatwillbringusbacktoDoSpringHillCollegeisthefirstCatholic(天主教的)collegeintheSoutheastoftheUSA,thethirdoldestJesuit(耶稣教会会士)collegeinthecountryandthefiftholdestCatholiccollegeinAmerica.Itisafour-year,coeducational(男女同校的),liberalarts(文科)andsciencesinstitutionlocatedneartheGulfCoastinMobile,Alabama.SpringHillCollegeBackgroundInformationColumbiaUniversitywasfoundedin1754asKing’sCollegebytheRoyalCharterofKingGeorgeIIofEngland,whichdefinedtheinstitution’sgoalas“theInstitutionandEducationofYouthintheLearnedLanguagesandLiberalArtsandSciences”.AftertheAmericanRevolution,theCollegereopenedin1784withanewname--Columbia--thatembodied(体现)thepatrioticfervor(爱国热情)thathadinspired(激发)thenation’ssearchforindependence.LocatedinthecityofNewYork,itistheoldestinstitutionofhigherlearninginthestateofNewYorkandthefiftholdestintheUnitedStates.ColumbiaUniversityInordertotellyouwhatIbelieve,Imustbrieflybringupsomethingfrommypersonalhistory.Theturningpointofmylifewasmydecisiontogiveupapromisingcareerinbusinesstostudymusic.Myparents,althoughsympathetic,disapprovedofmusicasanoccupation.Thiswasunderstandable,Ithought,inviewofmyfamilybackground.Para.1&2LifeinaViolinCase小提琴盒里的生活为了让你了解我的信念，我必须简单地说一说我的个人历史。我的人生转折点是我决定放弃前途无量的经商生涯去学习音乐。虽然父母也能理解我，但他们不同意我把音乐当作一种职业。从我的家庭背景来看，我想这是可以理解的。MygrandfathertaughtmusicfornearlyfortyyearsatSpringHillCollege.Despitebeinggreatlyrespectedinthecommunity,heearnedbarelyenoughtoprovideforhislargefamily.Myfatheroftensaidthatitwasonlybecausemygrandmotherwassoeconomicalthatthewolveswerekeptatbay.Para.3我的祖父在斯普林希尔学院教了将近40年的音乐。虽然他在社会上备受尊敬，可他几乎赚不到足够的钱来供养一大家子人。我父亲经常说，多亏了我祖母勤俭持家，他们才得以勉强维持生计。Asaconsequenceofthisexampleinthefamily,theverymentionofmusicasacareercarriedwithittheideaofanuncertainexistence.Myparentsinsisteduponcollegeinsteadofmusicschool,andsotocollegeIwent.Para.4家里有了这个先例，后来只要一提到以音乐为生，我们就想到朝不保夕的生活。父母坚持要我上大学而不是音乐学校，所以我就上了大学。BeforemygraduationfromColumbiaUniversity,myfamilyranintosomemoneyproblems,andsoIfeltitwasmydutytoleavecollegeandfindajob.BeforeIknewit,Ihadbegunmycareerinbusiness—atimeinmylifethatIfeelwaswasted.Para.5我从哥伦比亚大学毕业之前，家里经济上出了点问题，所以我感到自己有义务离开学校去找份工作。于是我就稀里糊涂地开始了经商生涯——我认为，那是自己一生当中的蹉跎岁月。Now,Idonotforamomentmeantospeakpoorlyofbusiness;mywholepointisthatitwasjustnotforme.Iwentintoitformoney,andasidefromthesatisfactionofbeingabletohelpthefamily,moneyisallIgotoutofit.Itwasjustnotenough.Ifeltthatlifewaspassingmeby.Ibecameverysad.MyaimwastosaveenoughmoneytoquitandgotoEuropetostudymusic.Para.6当然，我丝毫没有贬低经商的意思；我的意思只是说经商不适合我。我是为了钱才去经商的，而且，除了因为能够帮助家庭而得到的满足感之外，钱就是我经商所得到的一切。这还远远不够。我觉得生命在离我而去。我变得很忧伤。我的目的就是攒够钱后停止经商，然后去欧洲学习音乐。IusedtogetupatdawntopracticebeforeIleftfor“downtown”.Insteadoflunchingwithmycoworkers,Iwouldseekoutsomecheapcaféandorderameanmeal.Icontinuedtomakemoney,andfinally,littlebylittle,Isavedenoughtogoabroad.Para.7我那时常常一大清早起来练琴，然后去“市中心”工作。我不和同事们一起吃中饭，而是找一家便宜的小餐馆，点一份简单便宜的午餐。我不停地赚钱，终于一点点地攒够了出国的钱。Atthattime,myfamilynolongerneededmyhelp,andsoIgaveupmypositionandsailedforEurope.Istayedfouryears,workedharderthanIhadeverdreamedofworkingbefore,andenjoyedeveryminuteofit.“Enjoyed”istoomildaword,really;Iwalkedonair.Ireallylived.IwasafreemanandIwasdoingwhatIlovedtodoandwhatIwasmeanttodo.Para.8-9那时，家里不再需要我帮助，所以我放弃了工作，坐船去了欧洲。我在那儿待了4年，发奋学习，用功的程度是我以前做梦都想不到的，而且每一分钟都过得很开心。说真的，“开心”这个词还不足以表达我的心情；我简直是陶醉了。这才是真正的生活。我成了一个自由的人，我在做我喜欢和该做的事情。IfIhadstayedinbusiness,Imightbeareallywealthymantoday.Idonotbelieve,however,Iwouldhavemadeasuccessofliving.Iwouldhavegivenupahappinessthatmoneycan’tbuy—somethingthatisall-too-oftendonewhenone’sprimarygoalismakingmoney.Para.10如果一直经商的话，我今天可能已经是一个真正的有钱人了。然而，我并不认为那样的生活会是成功的。我可能放弃掉了金钱所无法买到的幸福——当一个人的主要目标是赚钱时，这种幸福往往就被放弃掉了。WhenIbrokeawayfromthebusinessworld,itwasagainsttheadviceofpracticallyallofmyfriendsandfamily.Soconditionedaremostofustotheideathatsuccessismoney—somuchsothatthethoughtofgivingupagoodsalaryforhappinessseemsfoolish.Ifso,allIcansayis“Gee,it’sgreattobefoolish!”Moneyisawonderfulthing,butnowIknowthatitispossibletopaytoohighapriceforit.Para.11&12我脱离商界几乎是违背了所有朋友和家人的忠告。我们大多数人习惯性地认为金钱等于成功——这种想法如此根深蒂固，以致于在大多数人看来，为了幸福而放弃高薪的想法似乎是愚蠢的。如果这样，我只能说“啊！愚蠢太好了。”钱是样好东西，但是现在我知道，为了它人们可能会付出太大的代价。Thistextisabouttheauthor’slifeasamusicianandhowheenjoysthiskindoflife.Actuallyattheverybeginning,hisparentsinsistedthatheshouldnotgointomusicasacareerbecausehisgrandfather,whotookmusicasanoccupation,earnedbarelyenoughtosupportthefamily.Sohehadtogointobusinesstohelphisfamilyoutoftheirmoneyproblems.Butlater,hewasabletogoabroadtostudymusicwiththemoney,whichbecametheturningpointinhislife.Heenjoyedhislifeasamusicianbecausehefeelsheisreallymakingasuccessofliving.MainIdeaMainidea:“Moneyisawonderfulthing,but…itispossibletopaytoohighapriceforit.”(Para.12)StructureMainidea:Citinghisownpersonalhistory:1)Hisgrandfathercouldbarelyprovideforhisfamilybyteachingmusic.2)Hewentintobusinessformoneyandhemadeit.3)Hefelthistimespentinbusinesswaswasted,sohequitandwenttoEuropetostudymusic.Mainidea:“Theturningpointofmylifewasmydecisiontogiveupapromisingcareerinbusinesstostudymusic.”(Para.2)PartII:Para.3-9PartIII:Para.10-12PartI:Para.1-2Meaning:Leadingalifeasaviolinist.Thistextisabouttheauthor’slifeasamusicianandhowheenjoysthiskindoflife.Itismostprobablethatheplaystheviolin,sothetitleislikethis.1LifeinaViolinCaseMeaning:Inordertotellyoumybeliefs,Imustfirstsayafewwordsaboutwhathashappenedtomyfamilyandme.2InordertotellyouwhatIbelieve,Imustbrieflybringupsomethingfrommypersonalhistory.Meaning:Myparentsunderstoodmyfeelings,buttheydidn'tthinkitwasagoodchoiceformetotakeupmusicasajob.4Myparents,althoughsympathetic,disapprovedofmusicasanoccupation.Theturningpointofmylifewasmydecisiontogiveupapromisingcareerinbusinesstostudymusic.3Meaning:AnimportantchangetookplaceinmylifewhenIdecidedtogiveupmycareerinbusinesstostudymusic,thoughitseemedthatIcouldhaveachievedgreatsuccessinbusiness.5Meaning:Icouldunderstandwhytheywereagainstmewhenmyfamilybackgroundwastakenintoconsideration.6Meaning:MygrandfathertaughtmusicforalmostfortyyearsatSpringHillCollege.Thiswasunderstandable,Ithought,inviewofmyfamilybackground.MygrandfathertaughtmusicfornearlyfortyyearsatSpringHillCollege.7Meaning:Thoughhewasgreatlyrespectedbyotherpeopleinhisarea,heearnedsolittlethathewasalmostunabletosupplyhislargefamilywithwhattheyneededforlife.8Meaning:Myfatheroftensaidthattheyhadjustenoughmoneytoeatandliveonlybecausemygrandmotherknewhowtousemoneycarefullyandwithoutwaste.Despitebeinggreatlyrespectedinthecommunity,heearnedbarelyenoughtoprovideforhislargefamily.Myfatheroftensaidthatitwasonlybecausemygrandmotherwassoeconomicalthatthewolveswerekeptatbay.9Meaning:Becausemygrandfatherhadsetanegativeexampleforthefamily,ifanyoneevertalkedabouttakingupmusicasacareer,theotherswouldthinkimmediatelythatitmeantyou’dhavetolivewithoutasufficientincome.10Meaning:MyparentsdemandedthatIgotocollegeratherthantomusicschool,andsoIwenttocollege.Asaconsequenceofthisexampleinthefamily,theverymentionofmusicasacareercarriedwithittheideaofanuncertainexistence.Myparentsinsisteduponcollegeinsteadofmusicschool,andsotocollegeIwent.11Meaning:BeforeIgraduatedfromColumbiaUniversity,myfamilywashavingdifficultypayingallthebills,andsoIfeltIshouldleavecollegeandfindajob.12Meaning:IhadalreadytakenupbusinessasacareerbeforeIrealizedit,andnowIfeelthattheperiodoftimeIspentdoingbusinesswaswasted.BeforemygraduationfromColumbiaUniversity,myfamilyranintosomemoneyproblems,andsoIfeltitwasmydutytoleavecollegeandfindajob.BeforeIknewit,Ihadbegunmycareerinbusiness—atimeinmylifethatIfeelwaswasted.13Meaning:Now,Idonotatallwanttosaythatbusinessissomethingbad;Ijustwanttosaythatbusinessdoesnotsuitme.14Meaning:Iworkedinbusinessjusttoearnmoney…Now,Idonotforamomentmeantospeakpoorlyofbusiness;mywholepointisthatitwasjustnotforme.Iwentintoitformoney…15Meaning:…andexceptforthefeelingofhappinessthatcamefromhelpingthefamily,theonlythingIgotfromworkinginbusinesswasmoney.16Meaning:IfeltthatIwasnotreallylivingthelifeIwasmeantto.…andasidefromthesatisfactionofbeingabletohelpthefamily,moneyisallIgotoutofit.Ifeltthatlifewaspassingmeby.17Meaning:MygoalwastosaveenoughmoneysothatIdidn’thavetodothejobanymoreandcouldgotoEuropetostudymusic.18Meaning:IusedtogetupwhenthedayjustbrokeandpracticedmusicbeforeIwenttoworkinthedowntownarea.MyaimwastosaveenoughmoneytoquitandgotoEuropetostudymusic.IusedtogetupatdawntopracticebeforeIleftfor“downtown”.19Meaning:Iwouldnothavelunchwithmyfellowworkers,butwouldtrytofindacheapcaféandorderasimplemeal.20Meaning:Icontinuedtomakemoneyandgraduallysavedenoughmoneytogotoaforeigncountryintheend.Insteadoflunchingwithmycoworkers,Iwouldseekoutsomecheapcaféandorderameanmeal.Icontinuedtomakemoney,andfinally,littlebylittle,Isavedenoughtogoabroad.21Meaning:Atthattime,myfamilynolongerneededmetoearnmoneytohelpthem,soIquitmyjobinbusinessandwenttoEuropebysea.22Meaning:IstayedinEuropeforfouryears,workedharderthanIhadeverthoughtIwould,andenjoyedeveryminuteofmylifewhenIwasstudyingmusic.Atthattime,myfamilynolongerneededmyhelp,andsoIgaveupmypositionandsailedforEurope.Istayedfouryears,workedharderthanIhadeverdreamedofworkingbefore,andenjoyedeveryminuteofit.23Meaning:Theword“enjoyed”,asusedintheprevioussentence,isreallynotstrongenoughtoexpressmyfeelings…24Meaning:…Iwasextremelyhappy.“Enjoyed”istoomildaword,really……Iwalkedonair.25Meaning:Lifewasreallymeaningfultome.26Meaning:IwasafreemanandIwasdoingwhatIlovedtodoandwhatIwassupposedtodo.Ireallylived.IwasafreemanandIwasdoingwhatIlovedtodoandwhatIwasmeanttodo.27Meaning:IfIhadcontinuedtoworkinbusiness,Imightbeareallyrichmannow.Thissentence,andanumberofthefollowingsentences,areinthesubjunctivemood,asthesituationsdescribedinthesesentencesarepuresuppositionanddonotexistinreality.28Meaning:ButIdon’tthinkIwouldhavelivedasuccessfullifeifIhadstayedinbusiness.(Infact,IhavelivedasuccessfullifebecauseIdidnotstayinbusiness.)IfIhadstayedinbusiness,Imightbeareallywealthymantoday.Idonotbelieve,however,Iwouldhavemadeasuccessofliving.29Meaning:Iwouldhavelostahappinessthatmoneycan’tbuy.Whenpeople’smainpurposeinlifeismakingmoney,theyalwaysgiveupahappinessthatmoneycan’tbuy.(Fortunately,Ididnotgiveupahappinessthatmoneycan’tbuybecauseIdidnotstayinbusiness.)Iwouldhavegivenupahappinessthatmoneycan’tbuy—somethingthatisall-too-oftendonewhenone’sprimarygoalismakingmoney.31Meaning:Mostofusareusedtothinkingthatapersonissuccessfulonlyifhehasmoney.Wearesoconvincedofthisthatwethinkitfoolishtogiveupawell-paidjobjustforhappiness.Soconditionedaremostofustotheideathatsuccessismoney—somuchsothatthethoughtofgivingupagoodsalaryforhappinessseemsfoolish.30Meaning:WhenIquitmyjobandleftthebusinessworld,almostallofmyfriendsandfamilyadvisedmenotto.WhenIbrokeawayfromthebusinessworld,itwasagainsttheadviceofpracticallyallofmyfriendsandfamily.33Meaning:Moneyisveryuseful,butnowIknowthatsomepeoplemayhavetogiveuptoomuchformoney.Moneyisawonderfulthing,butnowIknowthatitispossibletopaytoohighapriceforit.32Meaning:Ifapersonissaidtobefoolishjustbecausehe/shegivesupagoodsalaryforhappiness,Icanonlysay,“Gee,it’sgreattobefoolish!”Ifso,allIcansayis“Gee,it’sgreattobefoolish!”Newwordsviolinsympatheticdisapproveoccupationunderstandablenearlyeconomicalwolfbayconsequencementionuncertainexistencedutysatisfactionaimquitdawndowntowncoworkerseekcaféabroadmildwealthyall-too-oftenprimarypracticallyconditionsalarygeePhrasesandexpressionsbringupinviewofprovideforkeep...atbayasaconsequenceofinsistupon/onrunintonotforamomentspeakpoorlyofgointoasidefromget...outofpasssomebodyby/overseekoutlittlebylittlewalkonairbreakawayfrompaya/thepriceforawoodenandleathercaseforholdingaviolin小提琴盒WhenIwasyoung,Itooksinging,dancingandviolinhere.我年轻时在这儿唱过歌，跳过舞，拉过小提琴。n.[C]afour-stringedwoodenmusicalinstrument小提琴e.g.Sheplayedtheviolintowelcometheguests.她演奏小提琴欢迎来宾。violinaviolincasePractice:mentionorbringtoattention(asubject)提出（议题）e.g.Hewouldbringupthequestionoftheloanatthemeeting.他将在会议上提出贷款的问题。bringupShehadneverbroughtupthesubjectofmoneyinthefaceofherrelatives.她从未在亲戚面前提起过钱的事。Practice:adj.kindtosomeonewhohasaproblemandwillingtounderstandhowtheyfeel（表示）同情的；有同情心的e.g.HecomfortedTominasympatheticvoice.他用同情的语调安慰汤姆。sympatheticShewasverysympathetictotheproblemsofadultstudents.她非常体谅成人学生的困难。Practice:vi.haveafavorableopinion;regardasgood,right,sensible,etc.赞成；同意e.g.Thecommitteedidnotapproveoftheplantobuildanewbridgeovertheriver.委员会不同意在河上新建一座桥的。vt.agreeofficiallyto认可；批准e.g.Wehadtowaitmonthsforthegovernmenttoapproveourplan.我们必须花上几个月等政府批准我们的计划。approvePracticeIcan’tsayIapproveofyourgoingabroad,butIadmireyourcourage.Weneedtogetanofficialfromthegovernmenttoapprovethisproject.2.我们要等政府委派的官员来认可这项工程。1.不能说我赞成你出国，但我钦佩你的勇气。approvePractice:vi.haveanunfavorableopinion不赞成；不同意e.g.Idisapproveofsmokinginpublicplaces.我不赞同在公共场所吸烟。Noticeherethat“disapprove”isfollowedbythepreposition“of”.disapprovePeopleoftendisapproveofthosewhobehaveinstrangeways.人们往往不喜欢行为怪异的人。Practice:1)[C]ajob;employment工作；职业e.g.Inthespacemarked“occupation”,shewrote“policeofficer”.她在“职业”一栏里填上了“警官”。2)[U]theactofoccupyingaplace,orthestateorperiodofbeingoccupied占领；占据；居住e.g.Whenshewasonlyfive,sheleftherhometown,whichwasunderenemyoccupationatthetime.她5岁时就离开了家乡，当时那里已被敌人占领了。occupationPracticeSomebelievethatbeingahousewifeisinferiortoanyotheroccupation.Therevolutionarieswerepreparingfortheoccupationofthecity.1.有人认为当家庭主妇比不上从事其他任何职业。2.革命军正在准备占领那个城市。occupationPractice:understandableadj.1)normalandreasonableinaparticularsituation正常的；可理解的；合乎情理的e.g.It’sunderstandablethatsheshouldfeelupset—noonetalkedtoherthewholeevening.她感到不高兴是可以理解的——整个晚上没有人和她说过话。2)clearandeasytounderstand清楚易懂的e.g.Hisexplanationwasunderstandable.他的解释清楚易懂。Theirrefusaltocooperateiscompletelyunderstandable,consideringthecircumstances.考虑到各方面的情况，他们拒绝合作是完全可以理解的。Practice:considering;takeintoconsideration考虑到；由于；鉴于e.g.Inviewofourresearch,weconcludethatwecanintroduceournewproducttothemarket.据我们调查，可以得出结论——可以把新产品推向市场。inviewofInviewoftheemployees’disapproval,themanagementisnotgoingtocontinuetheprogram.由于员工们的反对，管理层将不再继续这个项目。Practice:adv.almost;notquiteornotyetcompletely几乎；差不多；将近e.g.ItwasnearlymidnightwhenIgothome.我到家时已将近午夜。nearlyTheoldmanwasnearlyrunoverbyaspeedingcar.老人差点被超速行驶的车撞倒。Practice:support;supplywiththethingsnecessaryforlife供养；抚养e.g.Heprovidesforhisfamilybyworkinginafactory.他靠在一家工厂工作来养活一家人。Youhavenodutytoprovideforthemnowthattheyhavegrownup.既然他们已经长大了，你就没有义务再供养他们。provideforPractice:adj.usingmoney,time,goods,etc.,carefullyandwithoutwaste节俭的；节约的e.g.Thissystemwasextremelyeconomicalbecauseitranonhalf-priceelectricity.这套系统是靠半价的电力运作的，所以非常省钱。economicalAneconomicalhousewifeknowshowandwhentospendmoney.节俭的家庭主妇知道在什么时候怎样花钱。Practice:1)[C]partoftheseaorofalargelakeenclosedinacurveoftheland湾；海湾e.g.Thereareafewfishingboatsinthebay.海湾里停着几条渔船。2)(singular)thelongdeepcryofahound（猎犬不断的）吠叫声e.g.Sometimesyoucanhearthebayofthewolvesfromtheforest.有时你可以听到森林里传来的狼叫声。bayThesceneryofthepeacefulbayischarming.2.宁静的海湾景色迷人。Thethiefwasstartledatthebayofmyhoundandfled.1.小偷被我家猎狗的叫声吓跑了。n.Practice:prevent(someone)fromcomingclose;prevent(somethingbad)fromaffectingyou不让……接近；防范……e.g.Sheheldtheguntightly,tryingtokeepthestrangeratbay.她紧紧握着枪，试图不让陌生人靠近。keep/hold...atbaySomedoctorsrecommendVitaminCforkeepingcoldsatbay.有些医生建议服用维生素C预防感冒。Practice:n.[C]somethingthatfollowsfromanactionorsetofconditions;result结果；后果e.g.Iwillcarryoutmyplan,regardlessoftheconsequences.我将实行我的计划，不管结果如何。consequenceHeputoffthematterwithoutthinkingofwhatconsequencesitwouldleadto.他把那件事情往后拖延，并未考虑会导致什么后果。Practice:Expressionsasaresultof作为……的结果e.g.Iwaslateforworkasaconsequenceofthetrain’sdelay.由于火车晚点，我上班迟到了。asaconsequenceofThefactoryisfacedwithmanyproblemsasaconsequenceofyearsofbadmanagement.由于多年来经营不善，工厂面临许多问题。Practice:n.(usuallysingular)ashortremarkaboutsomethingorthenamingofsomebody提及；说起e.g.Thereareacoupleofpointsworthyofmention.有几点值得说一说。vt.tellaboutsomethinginafewwords,withoutgivingdetails;saythenameof提及；说起e.g.SheloseshertempereverytimeImentionthestockmarket.我一提到股市，她就发脾气。mentionPracticeThechildrenweremostexcitedatthementionofaparty.Althoughshedidn’tmentionanynames,everyoneknewwhomshewasreferringto.1.一说到聚会，孩子们最起劲。2.虽然她没有提及任何姓名，但谁都知道她指的是谁。mentionPractice:adj.undecided;notclearlyknownorunderstood未定的；不确定的；不确知的；难以预料的e.g.Ourholidayplansarestilluncertain.我们的度假计划还没有定下来。uncertainTheresultisuncertain.1.这个词的词源尚不清楚。2.结果难料。Theoriginofthewordisuncertain.Practice:1)(singular)life;wayofliving生活；生存方式e.g.Chemistryhasinfluencedalmosteveryaspectofman’sexistence.化学几乎影响了人类生活的每个方面。2)[U]thestateofexisting存在e.g.Theexistenceoftheseweaponsposesathreattothewholeworld.这些武器的存在对全世界构成了威胁。existencen.PracticeAcompletelynewsituationwillarisewhenanewsystemcomesintoexistence.2.新出台后将会出现一个全新的局面。Hehadsomeideasabouthisfutureexistenceafterthetalk.1.谈话之后，他对自己将来的生活有了一些想法。existencePractice:orderordemand(thatsomethingmusthappenorbedone)坚决要求e.g.Themanagerinsisteduponhavingajobdonewellnomatterhowmuchtimewasrequired.经理坚决要求不惜时间地把工作做好。insistupon/onDon’tletthemtellyouwhattheywant.Insistonyourownrights.别让他们告诉你他们想要什么，要坚持你自己的权利。Practice:begintoexperience(difficulty);getinto(adifficultorunpleasantsituation)遇到（困难）；陷于（困境）e.g.WhenIranintoaproblem,IwouldaskUncleMarkforhelp.遇到问题时，我会请马克叔叔帮助我。runintoAfterapromisingstart,ourbusinessranintotrouble.我们的生意开始时很兴旺，但之后就陷入困境了。Practice:1)[C;U]somethingthatonedoeseitherbecauseitispartofone’sjoborbecauseitismorallyorlegallyrightthatoneshoulddoit义务；责任e.g.Thechiefdutyofeverygovernmentistoprotectpersonsandproperty.每个政府的主要是保护人身和财产安全。2)[C