Unit 4 Astronomy： the science of the stars 课件

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsPeriod1Warmingupandpre-readingWhatsubjectsdoyoulearnatschool? Chinese English mathematics physics chemistry geography biology historyphysicschemistrybiologygeologymathematicsMedicineBiochemistryGeophysicsAstronomySciencesubjectsFrontierscienceWarmingupmedicinebiologychemistryastronomyphysicsmathematicsgeophysicsgeologyphysicsbiochemistrybiologychemistryAstronomyisthescientificstudyoftheuniverseandtheheavenbodies(suchasthesun,themoon,andstars),gas,anddustwithinit.astronomerSolarsystem水星最接近太阳，是太阳系中第二小行星。水星的英文名字Mercury来自罗马神墨丘利。墨丘利也就是希腊神话中的Hermes。或许由于水星在空中移动得快，才使它得到这个名字。金星是离太阳第二近，太阳系中第六大行星。古希腊人称之为Aphrodite(阿芙罗狄蒂)，是希腊神话中爱与美的女神。而在罗马神话中爱与美的女神是维纳斯—Venus，因此金星也称做“维纳斯”。地球是距太阳第三颗，它是太阳系类地行星中最大的一颗，也是太阳系第五大行星，行星年龄估计大约有45亿年(4.5×109)。地球是唯一一个不是从希腊或罗马神中得到的名字。Earth一词来自于古英语及日耳曼语。这里当然有许多其他语言的命名。在罗马神话中，地球女神叫Tellus－肥沃的土地。火星为距太阳第四远，也是太阳系中第七大行星。因为火星在夜空中看起来是血红色的，所以在西方，以罗马神话中的战神Mars命名它。木星是离太阳第五颗行星，而且是最大的一颗。木星是天空中第四亮的物体。木星是自转最快的行星。在西方称它为朱庇特—Jupiter，是罗马神话中的众神之王，相当于希腊神话中的宙斯（Zeus）。土星是离太阳第六远的行星。是太阳系中仅次于木星的第二大行星。中国古代称之为镇星或填星。土星的英文名字Saturn（以及其他绝大部分欧洲语言中的土星名称）是以罗马神的农神萨杜恩命名的。希腊神话中的农神Cronus是Uranus（天王星）和该亚的儿子，也是宙斯的父亲。天王星是太阳系中离太阳第七远行星，颜色为灰蓝色，是一颗巨型气体行星(GasGiant)。以直径计算，天王星是太阳系第三大行星；天王星的命名，是取自希腊神话的天神乌拉诺斯—Uranus。乌拉诺斯是古希腊神话中的宇宙之神，是最早的至高无上的神。他是该亚的儿子兼配偶，是Cronus（农神土星）、独眼巨人和泰坦的父亲。海王星为太阳系九大行星中的第八个，是一个巨行星。海王星。目前海王星是太阳系内离太阳第二远的行星。海王星的名字是罗马神话中的海神涅普顿（Neptune）。古希腊神话中海神叫波塞冬(Poseidon)。1.Doyouknowhowdidtheuniversebegin?Eachreligionorculturehasitsownideasaboutthebeginningoftheuniverse?Pre-readingPanguseparatestheskyfromtheearth.PanguseparatestheskyfromtheearthPanguseparatedtheearthandskywithanax.Afterhedied,hisbreathbecamewindandcloud;hisvoicebecamethunderandhislefteyesunandrightonemoon;armsandlegsbecameedgesandmountains;bloodbecameriversandtendon(筋脉)becameroads;musclesbecamefieldsandhairstars;teethandbonesbecamemetals,pearlsandjade;sweatbecamerain.OtherlegendsaboutthebeginningofuniverseTheHolyBibleTheBiblicalAccountDay1:GodspokeandseparatedlightfromdarknesscreatingDayandNightDay2:GodspokeandseparatedthewatercreatingskyandoceanDay3:Godspokeandcreateddryland上帝创世说：Day4:Godspokeandcreatedthesun,moonandstarsDay5:GodspokeandcreatedlivingcreaturesintheairandseaDay6:GodspokeandcreatedthelandanimalsandmanDay7:GodrestedandblessedthisdaycallingitHolyBrahman(婆罗门)isthegodfirstrepresentedintheHinduTriad.Heisthecreatoroftheuniverseandalllivingbeingsaresaidtohaveevolvedfromhim.IndiaPeriod2ReadingHowLifeBeganontheEarthDoyouknowtheoriginofthehumanbeings?Manhadevolvedfromapes.EarthHowlifebeganontheearthTheBigBangBigBangAsolidballAtmosphereTheearthItwasfullofwater.Originalcells.Thecellsinthewaterbegantoseparate.waterPlantsinthe waterShellfishandfishPlantson landInsectsandamphibiansReptilesDinosaursMammalsManhadevolvedfromapes.watergreenplantsonland234HowlifebeganontheearthAnalysing5678forestsshellfishandallsortsoffishinsects(onland)amphibians(onlandandinwater) reptiles(onland) dinosaurs(onland) mammals(onland)smallcleveranimalswithhandsandfeet humansmallplantsinwater1AcloudofdustCombineintoasolidballExplode…withfire&rock(produceH2O,CO2,O2,N2,othergases)atmosphereCooldownwaterappeareddissolveharmfulgasesinto…LifebeganLifedevelopedThedevelopmentoflifeScanningWhatwasproducedwhentheearthexploded?Howdidwatercomeintobeingontheearth?Wheredidlifefirstbegin,onthelandorinthesea?Whyweremammalsdifferentfromotheranimals?Whatwasproducedwhentheearthexploded? Watervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases.Howdidwatercomeintobeingontheearth? Theexplosionoftheearthproducedwatervapor,whichturnedintowaterwhentheearthcooleddown.3.Wheredidlifefirstbegin,onthelandorinthesea? Inthesea.Becausewaterdissolvedharmfulgasesandmadeitpossibleforlifetobegin.4.Whyweremammalsdifferentfromotheranimals? Becausetheyproducedtheiryoungfromwithintheirbodies.CarefulReadingFinishthecomprehendingonpage27Thinkaboutwhatyouhavereadandmakechoices.Whywastheearthdifferentfromotherplanets?Aitproducedalotofheat.B.Thewaterremained.CWaterdisappeared.D.Itwastheoldestplanet.Whywaslifeabletodevelopontheearthbutnotonotherplanets?ATheearthhadasolidshape.B.Theearthdidnothaveharmfulgasesinitsatmosphere.CThewaterstayedontheearthbutnotonotherplanets.D.Theearthwasnottoohotandnottoocold.Whywasitnecessaryforplantstogrowbeforeanimals?AAnimalsneededplantstoprotectthemfromthesun.BPlantsprovidedoxygenforanimalstobreathe.CAnimalscouldhidefromhuntersinforest.DItwaseasierforplantstogrow.Whatproblemiscausedbyhumanbeing?ATheyexisteverywhereontheearth.BTheycauseglobalwarming.CTheyfindnewmethodsofgrowingcrops.DTheyenjoyhuntingandfishing.Comprehending BCBB DBIGEHACFJ acloudofdust asolidball presenceofwater smallplantsgrowonthewater shellfishandotherfishappear plantsbegintogrowondryland insectsandamphibiansappear reptilesappear dinosaursappear mammals(includinghumans)appearP26(6’)Listentothetape123456789SmallplantsinwaterShellfishandallsortsoffishGreenplantsonlandInsects(onland)Amphibian(onlandandinwater)ForestsReptiles(onland)Dinosaurs(onland)Mammals(onland)ThedevelopmentoflifeWhatproblemshavebeencausedbyhumanstotheearth?Howtoprotecttheearthandmakeitabetterplacetoliveon?RetellTextRetellingTheexplosionoftheearthproduced___________,whichturnedintowaterwhentheearthcooleddown.Waterallowedtheearthto_________harmfulgasesintotheoceansandseas.Thatmadeitpossiblefor_____tobegintodevelop.Thearrivalofsmall_____encouragedthedevelopmentofearly_______andallsortsoffish.Manymillionsofyearslaterthefirstgreenplantsbegantoappearonland.watervapourdissolvelifeplantsshellfishLaterlandanimalsappeared.Somewere_______.Others,called_________,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthesea.Whentheplantsgrewintoforests,__________appearedforthefirsttime.Then________developed,whichbecamethemostimportantanimalsontheearthformillionsofyears.Aftertheydisappeared,________becamemoreimportant.TextRetellinginsectsamphibiansreptilesdinosaursmammalsTheywerethelastgroupofanimalsandtheyweredifferentbecausethey______theiryoungfromwithintheirbodies.Smallcleveranimals,withhandsandfeet,________and_______allovertheearth.Astimewentby,theycoveredtheearthandhavebecomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.TextRetellingproducedappearedspreadPeriod3Grammar:SubjectclauseCanyoufindthefollowingsentenceinthereadingpassage?Inthissentence,anounclauseisusedasthesubject.Whatitwastobecomewasamysteryuntilthedustbegantoslowlycombineintoaballmovingaroundthesun.Pleasepickoutthreemoresentenceswithsubjectclausesfromthereadingpassage.1.…becauseitwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.2.Whatscientiststhinkisthattheearthwasdifferentbecauseof…3.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependon…P64USINGSTRUCTUREDoyouknowwherewecomefrom?Howdidtheuniversebegin?ReadthepassageandtrytounderstandhowStephenHawkingsolvedtheproblems? WhathasattractedStephenHawkingallhislife?Doeshethinkitsimpletoanswerthequestions?What’shisopinion?Whathavewediscoveredabouttheuniverse,pastandpresent?Howcanwehaveacompletepictureoftheuniverse?Whattheuniverseislikehasattractedhim.No.Theanswershavealwayswellbeyondourreach.MilkyWaygalaxy;billionsofgalaxies,inauniversethatisinfiniteandexpanding;bigbang;blackhole;adarkmatter;apossibleBigCrunch.Learningtounderstandwhatwesee. _____theuniverseislikehasattractedStephenHawkingallhislife. _____isclearandsimpleabouttheuniversehasalwaysseemedtoodifficultforustoanswer. _____theuniverseexiststhewayitdoesisamajorquestiontoallthosewhohavelookedatstarslikeHawking. _____hasdevelopedovertwothousandyearsofobservationhastobegreatlyrevised. _____intheuniverseweliveisnotthecentre,butoneofthemineplanetsorbitingthesun,whichisjustoneofmillionsofstarsinourownMilkyWaygalaxy.WhatWhatWhyWhatwhere6.______weunderstandtheuniverseisthetimewhenwehumanbeingswillhaveansweredallthequestions.7.______wecanhaveacompletepictureoftheuniversedependsonlearningtounderstandwhatwesee.8.______Hawkingwantstotellusinthistextisthatweshouldstudytheuniverse.understandit.WhenHowWhat做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有从属连词that,whether，连接代词who,what,which，连接副词when,where,how,why等。1.连接词：1）从属连词：that，whether等.that引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。Thatshelefthimcuthimtotheheart.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2)连接代词who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoeverWhatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首，句后都可。Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.Whethershe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.3)连接副词when，where，how，why等。Whyhediditremainsamystery.Whentheywillstartisnotknownyet.Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.2.位置：主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末，常用下面几种句型。1）It+be+语+主语从句表语：（名词，形容词，过去分词）Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.ItistruethatItoldhereverything.Itisapitythatwecan’tgo.Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.ItisanhonourthatIwasinvitedtoattendthemeeting.ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.ItisreportedthatChinahassentanothermanmadeearthsatelliteintoorbit.2）It+不及物动词或短语+主语从句Itseemed(happened,doesn’tmatter,hasturnedout)that…Ithappensthattheywereabsent.ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting.3)It+及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句IthasbeendecidedthattheexhibitionwillnotopenonSundays.注意:1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。误：Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正：Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正：Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.误：IfMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.正：ItwasdoubtfulifMaryreallyheardhim.1.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn‘tmatter______thatI’mtalkingto.A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom2.Itisprettywellunderstood___controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how　3._____madetheschoolproudwas______morethan90％ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.　　A.What;becauseB.What;that　　C.That;whatD.That;because4.______wewillgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where5._______thattheycanpassthewrittenexamthistime.A.ThatishopedB.ItishopedC.IthopesD.Thathopes6.Itwasdoubtful____Maryreallyheardhim.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what Readingcomprehension:PutthefollowingsentencesintoChinese: Whatitwastobecomewasamysteryuntilthedustbegantoslowlycombineintoaballmovingaroundthesun.随后它会变成什么曾经是一个谜，直到最后这团尘埃开始慢慢地合成一个环绕太阳运转的球状物。2.Theproblemwasthattheearthbecameviolentbecauseitwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.问是地球（开始）变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。3.Itallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgases,whichhadbecomepartoftheearth’satmosphere,intotheoceansandseas.它使得地球得以把曾经存在于大气层中的有害气体，溶解在海洋里。4.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.在未来的千百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。HomeworkReviewthesubjectiveclause.Finishtheexerciseontheworkbook.Period4Languagepoints1.Whatitwastobecomewasamysteryuntilthedustbegantoslowlycombineintoaballmovingaroundthesun. _________________（使大家吃惊的是）isthathedidn’tcometothemeeting.Whatsurprisedeverybody2.________________（他所做的）addedtoourdifficulty.Whathedid_____wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave. What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what_____madetheschoolproudwas_____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;becauseB.What;that;C.That;whatD.That;becauseAB2.Theproblemwasthattheearthbecameviolentbecauseitwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.问题是地球开始变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续下去。n.固体solid,liquid,gasadj.固体的；实心的,无空隙的；结实的，坚固的solidfuelssolidfoodasolidspheresolidfurnitureamanofsolidbuild1)Matterhasthreestates:solid,liquidandgas.2)Whenwaterfreezes,itbecomessolidandwecallitice.beto(do):(something)willdefinitelyhappen,oritmusthappen不可避免要发生或必须发生e.g.Theysaidgoodbye,littleknowingthattheywerenevertomeetagain.Sheistobehonouredforthisgreatwork.Mr.Clarksaidtohisdaughter,“Youaretobehomeby10o’clockatthelatest.”3.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,…1).（使某物）炸开，爆炸2).（指感情）激发3).（指人口）突然或迅速增加Thefireworkexplodedinhishandandhewashurtseriously.Iwasfrightenedwhensheexplodedintoloudlaughter.Nowitisnoteasytofindjobswiththeexplodingpopulation.explosionn.爆炸（声）explosiveadj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的n.炸药，爆炸物intime(forsth/todosth):notlate及时；不迟Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.她来得及回来准备晚饭。intime:soonerorlater;eventually迟早；最后I’llseehimintime.总有一天我会遇见他。in/outoftime:in/notinthecorrecttime合/不合节拍Theaudienceclappedintimetothemusic.观众合着音乐的节拍拍手。4.Astheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface. 随着地球的冷却,地球的表面就开始出现了水。cooladj.凉快；冷静；冷淡v.（使）变冷；冷静下来1)Let’ssitintheshadeandgetcool.2)IknewIhadtokeepcool.3)Hisplayreceivedacoolresponsefromthepublic.4)Therainhascooledtheair.5)Letyoursoupcoolalittlebeforeyoudrinkit.6)Aheatedargumentcanbesettledbetterifbothsidescooldownfirst.7)Itriedtocoolherdownbutshewasstillveryangrywhensheleft.5.Nobodyknewthatitwasgoingtobedifferentfromotherplanetsgoingroundthesun.bevery/much/quite/entirely/totallydifferentfrom与…不同Citylifeisquitedifferentfromcountrylife.1）城市生活和农村生活很不同。2）他们的品位和我不同。Theirtastesaredifferentfrommine.Therearedifferencesbetween…and……与…之间有不同之处tell…from…把…与…区分开来thesameas…与…一样besimilarto与…相似goingroundthesun为现在分词短语，做定语，表示一般的动作。例如：Menbreakingthelawwillbepunished.Menwhobreakthelawwillbepunished.现在分词短语作定语，也可表示进行的动作。例如：Canyouseethegirldancingwithyourboyfriend?Canyouseethegirlwhoisdancingwithherboyfriend?你能看到与男友跳舞的那个姑娘吗？6.Itallowstheearthtodissolveharmfulgases,which…allowvt.允许、许可、容许allow+n./pron./doingallowsb.todobeallowedtodoMyfatherdoesn’tallowsmokingathome.Infacthedoesn’tallowustosmokeanywhereatanytime.父亲不允许在家里吸烟。实际上，他不允许我们在任何地方任何时候吸烟。Areweallowedtousethecomputer?我们可以用电脑么？beharmfulto对…有害doharmtosb.=dosb.harm伤害某人，对某人有害处1)Pollutionisespeciallyharmfultoanimals.2)Smokingwilldoyoualotofharm.it作形式宾语，其真正的宾语可以是不定式，动名词和从句。 TheforeignMinistersaid,“_____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2004BJ)A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis2.Ilike____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(NMET2004)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one3.Whydon’tyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?A.thisB.thatC.whatD.itDCD7.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.4.Why?Ihavenothingtoconfess.____youwantmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat5.Wasitattheschool____wasnamedafterahero______hespenthischildhood?A.which;thatB.where;whereC.that;whereD.which;whereAA8.Theymultipliedandfilledthefirstoceansandseaswithoxygen.multiply(数目上)增加，增多；乘；（使）繁殖1)Ourproblemshavemultipliedsincelastyear.2)2and5multiplytomake10.4)Theplantsheremultiplyrapidly.3)6multipliedby5is30.=Multiply6by5tomake30.9.Thisencouragedthedevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.encourage鼓舞；促进；怂恿。后接名词、代词，也可接不定式作宾语补足语。如：Highpricesforcornandwheatwillencouragefarming.玉米和小麦的高价将促进农业的发展。Mysuccessencouragedmetocontinue.我的成功鼓励我继续干下去。Heencouragedmetolearndancing.他鼓励我去学跳舞。development(1)[U]成长,发育；发展(过程)；扩展Thedevelopmentofthisindustrywilltakeseveralyears.这项工业的发展要经过几年的时间。(2)[C]开发区,新社区anewhousingdevelopment新建住宅区(3)[C]进化,进展；新情况,新闻Whatarethelatestdevelopments?Theuseofcomputersinteachingisarecentdevelopment.教学上使用计算机是新近才有的事.10.Manymillionsofyearslaterthefirstgreenplantsbegantoappearonland.lateadj.迟到的，晚的；前任的；以前的；已故的lateradv.后来，较晚时候,过后adj.late的比较级(更迟的,更后的)latestadj.最新的latelyadv.=recently近来1)Mr.ZhuRongjiisthelatePrimeMinisterofChina.3)Shesaidshewouldringyoulaterthismorning.5)It’sonlylatelythatshehasbeenwellenoughtogoout.2)Heisoftenlateforschool.4)Haveyouheardaboutthelatestnews?11.Whentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Sheisgrowingintoabeautifulyoungwoman.她渐渐出落成一个美丽的姑娘。生长成为,渐渐成为或变得…（不用于被动语态）12.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.It’sgenerallybelievedthat…一般认为…generallyspeaking一般而言，概括来说1)It’sgenerallybelievedthatgirlsworkharderthanboysdo.2)Generallyspeaking,womencrymoreeasilythanmen.Thenaughtyboy___tomethatthehenthat___therejustnowhad___twoeggsthedaybefore.A.laid;laid;laidB.laid;lay;lainC.lied;laid;lainD.lied;lay;laidD13.Smallcleveranimals,nowwithhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.vi.散布,传播，蔓延,伸展，扩展vt.铺开，摊开1)Thenewsspreadthroughtheschoolveryquickly.2)There’sadesertspreadingforhundredsofmiles.3)Hespreadouthisarmstowelcomeus.4)Ispreadanewclothonthetable.14.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.阻止某人做某事:preventsb.(from)doingsth.stopsb.(from)doingsth.keepsb.fromdoingsth.1)Wemustpreventthemfrommakingtrouble.2)Youshouldpreventthechildfrominjuringhimself.Ifnothingprevents,…如果没有什么阻碍的话,…15.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.dependonsb./sth.sb.todosth.sb.doingsth.sb./sth.forsth.相信，信赖,依靠,依赖,视…而定，取决于1)Whenyouareinastrangeplaceyou’dbetterdependonthemap.2)Youcan’tdependonotherstohelpyou.3)Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowth.4)Hedependsonhispenforhisliving.wh-5)Youcandependonhim.He’llleadyouthere.6)Successdependsonyourownhardwork.7)Oursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshard.dependonit没问题，请放心（句末或句首）That/It(all)depends.那得看情况而定1)Dependonit,you’llsucceed.2)Hemaysupportme,butitdepends.Tellhimwhatyouwanttosay;he’samanto__.A.countB.believeC.trustD.depend解析:相信/信赖某人:countonsb.believeinsb.dependonsb.trust(in)sb.Cstudy:TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish 把……当作 太阳系 总有一天；及时 一般地说来 信赖；取决于 目前 做出选择 天文学 氧 阻止thinkof…assolarsystemintimegenerallyspeakingdependonatpresentmakechoicesastronomyoxygenprevent…from…makewatchwonderbecoolmultiplybeginexistexplodeWheredowecomefrom?Howdidtheuniverse__________?Whenwe_______thestarsthroughthetelescope,we_________whytheuniverse________.Afterthe“BigBang”,theearth______justacloudofenergeticdust.Somehowit_________loudlywithfireandrock,which______theearth’satmosphere.Astheearth_______downwater_______toappearonitssurface,whichwasimportantforthebeginningoflife.Thenlivingthings__________ontheearth.beginwatchwonderexistswasexplodedmadecooledbeganmultipliedPeriod5UsinglanguageListeninganddiscussingDoyouknowthefollowingscientists?Whoarethey? Whathavetheydiscovered?IsaacNewton,牛顿1642―1727Universalgravitation万有引力Einstein,Albert(1879-1955)爱因斯坦Relativity（相对论）andtheCosmos（宇宙）Thetheoryaboutblackholes（黑洞理论）ListentoPar1andPart2ofthetapeandchoosethebestsummaryofthelisteningtext. AThetextisabouthowthreescientistswantedtofindoutaboutthebeginningoftheuniverse.BThetextisabouthowtheideaofgravityhasdevelopedoveralongperiodoftime.CThetextisabouttheimportanceofthreescientistsandtheirwork. Largebodieshaveaforcewhichpullsthingstowardsthem.Thebiggertheobjectthestrongerthegravity.ListentoPart1againandfillinthefirstcolumnofthechart. IsaacNewton Idea DevelopmentThenlistentoPart2againandfillintherest.AlbertEinsteinStephenHawkingInspacelargeobjectsmakespaceandtimebend;thelargertheobject,thefurtherspaceandtimebend.Blackholeshaveaverylargemassandpullthingstowardsthem.Ifyougoovertheedge,youcannotgetout;butifyoudonot,youmaybeabletoescape.Timegoesslowerinverystronggravity. Idea DevelopmentPeriod6AVISITTOTHEMOONReadthewholepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions. Howmanytimeswouldtheforceofgravitychangeonourjourney?Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbacktoheearth?Whathappenedwhenthewritertriedtostepforward?Hefoundhewascarriedtwiceasfarastheearthandfellover.FastreadingBecausetheyaretoofarfromtheearthtofeelitspull.Threetimes.ImportantsentencesandlanguagepointsCarefulreading1.Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.cheerup:欢呼，喝彩，感到高兴，使高兴。当看到球队的到来，人群欢呼起来。_____________________whentheysawtheteamarrive.他带她去听音乐会来使她高兴。Hetookher_____________to____________.Thecrowdcheereduptotheconcertcheerherupwatch…do/doing:观看，注视我们看着太阳正在树后面落下。We_____________________behindthetrees.每一天当他们看到植物生长，他们的心里都充满了希望。Everydayasthey__________________,theirheartsfilledwithhope.watchedthesunsettingwatchedtheplantgrow2.“Ohdear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.&rdqu