unit5Howtobetruetoyourself

Themeaningoflife----tobehappyandtruetoyourselfAnIntegratedEnglishCourseBook1Unit5Text1HowtoBeTruetoYourself--byDenisWaitleyQuotations Honestyisthebestpolicy.诚实为上策。 Anhonestman’swordisasgoodashisbond.诚实人的诺言实际上就是他的保证。 Poorbuthonest.虽贫穷，要诚实。 Knaverymayserve,buthonestyisbest.欺诈可能有用，诚实却是上策。Quotations Lyingisthefirststeptothegallows.说谎是上断头台的第一步。 Apromiseisweightierthanonethousandgold.一诺千金。 Thoughaliebewelldrest,itiseverovercome.谎言装扮虽不错，到头总会被揭露。 Followyourowncourse,andletpeoplesay.---Dante 谦虚使人进步，骄傲使人落后.---毛泽东 Modestyhelpsonetomakeprogress;conceitmakesonelagbehind 谦固美名，过谦者，宜防其诈. ---朱熹 尺有所短；寸有所长。物有所不足； 智有所不明.---屈原 Answer:Yes.Eventhoughyouandtheotherstudentdidn'tworktogether,onceyoubecameawarethattheotherstudentwaslookingatyourpaper,itwasyourresponsibilitytotakestepstomakeitdifficultforhimtocheat.Whatisintegrity[in’teɡriti]?Integritymeansyouareupright正直,honest,andsincereinallyoudo,andinallthingsyouactjustlyandhonorably. Youputhonesty,senseofduty,andsoundmoralprinciplesaboveallelse.正直,诚实,诚信Apersonwithintegritydoesn’tjust“talkthetalk,”sheorhealso“walksthewalk."integrity1)honestyandtrustworthiness 正直,诚实e.g.NBAstarYaoMing'simageandintegrityhavewonhimtherighttocarryChina'sflagattheopeningceremonyoftheAthensOlympics.Ensuringtheintegrityofthefuturemarketsiscritical,particularlyintheenergysector,giventheimpactenergypriceshaveonallconsumers.考虑到能源价格对所有消费者带来的影响，确保期货市场的公正性非常关键，尤其是能源市场。2)astateofbeingwholeandundivided完整 e.g.SafeguardingChina'ssovereigntyandterritorialintegrityisthecommonobligationofallChinesepeople.Researchersarguethatalivingthinghasorganizedstructureandaslongasthestructuralintegrityisnotviolated,theorganismisalive.研究者认为一个有生命的物体拥有组织的结构，只要结构完整性没有被破坏，生物体就会活着。Whatisintegrity?Howdoestheauthordefineintegrity?Integritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand.Integrityisaninnerstandardforjudgingyourbehavior.(Para.2)Integritymeansyoudowhatyoudobecauseit’srightandnotjustfashionableorpoliticallycorrect.(Para.15)ThetreeofintegrityAnIntroductiontotheAuthoroneofthemostsought-afterkeynotespeakersandproductivityconsultantsintheworldtodayDenisWaitley(1933-HisclientsandaudiencesincludeFortune500topexecutivesandmulti-nationalcorporations;smallbusinessownersandentrepreneurs;astronautsandU.S.ArmedForces;worldleadersandforeigngovernments;Educatorsandyouthgroups.BackgroundInformation Pleasefindoutsomeinformationaboutthefollowingitems: 1.DavidOgilvy 2.Ogilvy&Mather 3.Russiannestingdolls 4.Siren 5.rear-viewmirror1.DavidOgilvy大卫·奥格威(1911-1999) TheFatherofAdvertising Heinjecttheconceptofbrandimageintothelexiconofadvertising. Oneofthefirsttoseethebenefitsofglobalbrands. Hetrumpetedthevirtuesofdirectmarketingbeforeothers. HebuiltOgilvy&Mather,whichisoneofthemostrespectedagenciestoday. "Everyadvertisementispartofthelong-terminvestmentinthepersonalityofthebrand." 每一个广告都是为建立品牌个性所做的长期投资“如果广告没有大创意，那它就像黑夜中驶过汪洋的船只，无人知晓。”2.Ogilvy&Mather奥美公司 Aworldwideadvertisingenterprisestartingin1948.Overthepast50years,ithashelpedtobuildsomeofthemostrecognizablebrandsintheworld:美国运通(AmericanExpress),西尔斯(Sears),福特(Ford),壳牌(Shell),芭比(Barbie),旁氏(Pond’s),多芬(Dove),柯达(Kodak),摩托罗拉(Motorola)…3.Russiannestingdolls： ThebestknownandmostpopularofallRussiansouvenirs[,su:və'niə](纪念品). Allthedollslookalmostidenticaltooneanother,andthenumberofdollsinthesetrangesfrom5to30,orevenmore.4.Siren:ahalfbird-halfwomancreature The"Siren"wasinGreekmythology,theSirenswerethreedangerousbird-women,portrayedasseductresses,wholivedonanislandcalledSirenumscopuli,whichwassurroundedbycliffsandrocks. SailorswhosailednearwerecompelledbytheSirens'enchantingmusicandvoicestoshipwreckontherockycoast.Siren,inGreekmythology 海妖塞壬Odysseus奥德修斯managedtosavehimselfandhismenfromtheSirensbyputtingmeltedwax蜡inhiscrew'searsandtyinghimselftothemast,makingthecrewsweartheywouldnotreleasehimhoweverdesperatelyhebegged.InGreekmythology,oneofthreeseanymphs([希神]宁芙:居住在海上、山林、泉水带的女神),usuallyrepresentedwiththeheadofawomanandthebodyofabird.DaughtersofPhorcusorofAchelous([希神]河神),theSirensinhabitedanislandsurroundedbydangerousrocks.Theysangsoenchantinglythatallwhoheardweredrawnnearandshipwrecked.OdysseusmanagedtosavehimselfandhismenfromtheSirensbyputtingmeltedwaxinhiscrew'searsandtyinghimselftothemastmakingthecrewsweartheywouldnotreleasehimhoweverdesperatelyhebegged.siren1)GreekMythologyOneofagroupofseanymphswhobytheirsweetsingingluredmariners(水手，海员)todestructionontherockssurroundingtheirisland.【希腊神话】莎琳/塞壬：一群女海妖之一，用她们美妙的歌声诱惑船只上的海员，从而使船只在岛屿周围触礁沉没2)awomanregardedasseductiveandbeautiful迷人的美女3)汽笛；警报器Odysseus:GreekMythology--ThekingofIthaca,aleaderoftheGreeksintheTrojanWar,whoreachedhomeaftertenyearsofwandering奥德修斯：伊萨卡的国王，特洛伊战争中的希腊首领，,献木马计,使希腊获胜,在十年的漂泊后才回到家5.rear-viewmirror Amirrorinwhichadrivercanseetraffic,etc.behindhim.Discussion: 1.Howdoyouunderstandthemeaningofintegrity? 2.Doyouthinkintegrityisimportantinone’slife?Why？TextComprehension 1.What'sthestyleofthispassage,apieceofnarration,expositionorargumentation? 2.What'sthemainideaofthewholepassage? 3.Howmanypartscanthispassagebedividedinto?What'sthemainideaofeachpart?Exposition:Themainidea Thewriterrealizesthepresent_____andthereal______ofintegrity.Hewantstotellusthatintegrityis________ineveryareaofsocietyandthatitissomethingwemust____ourselves.Hewantstoconvinceusthatonlyby_______inthefaceofpersonalpressure,byalways__________andby_______,canwelivearichlifeofprincipleandsuccess.Exposition:Themainidea Thewriterrealizesthepresentscarcityandtherealimportanceofintegrity.Hewantstotellusthatintegrityiswhatisfundamentalineveryareaofsociety&thatitissthwemustdemandofourselves.Hewantstoconvinceusthatonlybystandingfirmlyforourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure,byalwaysgivingotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirsandbybeinghonest&openaboutwhatwereallyare,canwelivearichlifeofprincipleandsuccess.TheStructureofthetext 1.Introduction:Para.1-2 2.Mainbody:Para.3-14 3.Conclusion:Para.15Byshowinguspeople’sdifferentopinionsonintegrityinhisgrandparents’generationandatpresentdays,thewritertellsusthereasonwhyhewritesthisarticle.ThewriterexplainswhathecallstheIntegrityTriadindetails.Thewriterfurtherexplainswhatintegritymeansandpointsoutwhatbenefitandprospectalifeofprinciplewillbringyou.DetailedReading Pleaseworkwithyourpartnerstofillinthetable. thethemeofthistext? thekeyprinciplesintheIntegrityTriad? 1. 2. 3. yourownunderstandingoftheprinciples? thesupportingevidencefortheprinciples? theconclusionofthetext?DetailedReadingWhat'sthecontrastpresentedinthebeginning?Whydidthewriterwriteaboutthistopic?Doyouthinkthereisin-betweenbetweenhonestyanddishonesty?Why?DetailedReading:Introduction Whatdidmygrandparentsbelieve? Theybelievedyouwerehonestordishonest.Therewasnoinbetween.Theirmottois:"Lifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow;whereIchoosetowalkeverystepwillshow." Lifeislikeafieldcoveredwithnewlyfallensnow;yourfootprintswillshowwhereyouwanttogo.Thatistosay,yourbehaviorswillshowwhatkindofpersonyouare!DetailedReading:Introduction Thecontrast?Mygrandparentsandtheirgenerationfirmlybelievedinintegrity/honestyanddemonstrateditbythewaytheylived.Nowadays,integrityisgettingscarcer.DetailedReading:Introduction Whydidthewriterwriteaboutthistopic? Integrityisinshortsupplytodayandgettingscarcer.Butitistherealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety.Anditissthwemustdemandofourselves. Thatistosay,wearelackofintegritytoday,butitisthereallyfundamentalthingineveryactivityofsocietyanditistherealbasicqualitythatwemustbeinpossessionof.DetailedReadingWhatwasthesurgicalnurseresponsiblefor?Wassheresponsibleforthepatient?Justifyyouranswer.Whatdoyouthinkofthesurgeoninthestory?What'stherelationshipbetweenthefirstIntegrityTriadandthenurse'sexperience?DetailedReading:Principle1 Standfirmlyforyourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure. =Firmlyadhereto/sticktoyoursincerebeliefsevenwhenyouarefacedwithveryforcefulinfluenceorverystrongpersuasion.DetailedReading:Principle1 Supportingevidence:astoryaboutarookienurse Conclusion:Whenyouknowyouareright,youcan'tbackdown. Whenyouknowyouaredoingtherightthing,youcan'tgiveupyourefforthalfwayunderexternalpressure.DetailedReadingWhatdidDavidOgilvysendtohisnewly-appointedofficials?Whydidhesendsuchagift?WhydidtheadvertisingfirmOgilvy&Matherbecomeoneofthelargestandmostrespectedadvertisingorganizationsintheworld?DetailedReading:Principle2 Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs. Alwaysbereadyandwillingtogiveapprovalandpraisetootherswhodeserveit. Alwaysbebroad-mindedenoughtoacknowledgeandpraisethosewhoaresmarterthanyouare.DetailedReading:Principle2 Supportingevidence:anexampleofDavidOgilvyandhisfirmOgilvy&Mather Themanagersinthefirmwerenotafraidofandhiredthosewhomighthaveabetterideaorwhomightevenbesmarterandmorecompetentthantheythemselves.Theyrespectedindividualswithtalentandgavefullplaytotheirabilities.DetailedReadingWhatdoesthewritersayaboutthepeoplewholackgenuinecorevalues?Regardingthethirdprinciple,whatadvicedoesthewriteroffertothosepeople?DetailedReading:Principle3 Behonestandopenaboutwhatyoureallyare. Beyourselfandproveyourselftobetrustworthy,withouthidingorcoveringupanyunpleasingareasinyourlife/yourweakness. Behonestandopenwithyourself;facerealitybravelyandrespondtolife'schallengesboldlyandinasuitableandmaturemanner.DetailedReading:Principle3 Supportingevidence:explanation&advice Beyourself.Facerealityandbeadultinyourresponsestolife'schalleges. Beawareofyourstrengthandweakness.Knowwhoyouare.Facerealityandrespondtolife'schallengesinawaysuitableforortypicalofagrown-up. Self-respectandaclearconsciencearepowerfulcomponents.DetailedReadingWhatdoesintegritymeansaccordingtothewriter?Howcanwewininthe21stcentury,accordingtotheauthor?DetailedReading:Conclusion Integritymeansyoudowhatyoudobecauseit'srightandnotjustfashinableorpoliticallycorrect. Integritymeansyoudowhatyoudobecauseyouthinkit'stherightthingtodo,notbecauseeverybodyelseisdoingitordoingitwillbenefitsboracertainsectionwithinanorganization.DetailedReading:Conclusion Alifeofprinciple,ofnotsuccumbingtotheseductivesirensofaneasymorality,willalwayswintheday. Wetendtobetemptedtodowhatwethinkwillhelpusachieveimmediatebenefits.However,ifwedowhatwedobecausewebelieveitismorallyrightandnotjustfashionableorexpedient,wewillgothroughlifesuccessfully.DetailedReading:Conclusion Itwilltakeyouforwardintothe21stcenturywithouthavingtocheckyourtracksinarearviewmirror. Integritywilltakeyouinto21stcentury.Ifyouareapersonofintegrity,youdon'tneedtorecallandexamineyourpreviousactivitiesorwhatyouhavedoneinthepastsoastofindoutwhetherwhatyouhavedoneisrightornot.Words,expressions,andsentencesmotto座右铭,箴言ashortsentenceorafewwordstakenastheguidingprincipleofaperson,ofaschool,ofanorganization,etc. OlympicMotto:Swifter,Higher,Stronger HGNU'smotto校训:厚德博学力行致远.(Greatvirtues,extensivelearning,practiceearnestly,gofar.) Whatisyourmotto?Thefamilymottoisinscribedabovethedoor.家训写在门上方。(P1,L4)demonstrate 1.(vt.)~sth(tosb)=showsth.clearlybygivingprooforevidence证明;明 伽利略证明不同重量的物体下降速度一样。 他的突然离开表明他很不可靠。 Galileodemonstratedthatobjectsofdifferentweightsfallatthesamespeed. Hissuddendeparturedemonstratesthatheisunreliable.(P1,L4)demonstrate 2.(vt.)~sth(tosb)=showsthandexplainhowitworks示范并解释如何操作或使用 Tdemonstratedhowtousetheequipment. 3.(vt.)=express/showthatyouhaveaparticularfeeling/quality/ability Hehasdemonstratedagenuineinterestintheproject. 4.(vi.)~(against/infavorofsb/sth)=takepartinapublicrally,asaprotestortoshowsupport示威 Thousandsofpeoplegatheredtodemonstrateagainstthenewproposals.demonstrate 显而易见，甚至是故意展示的外部迹象，尤用于感情、行动等自发性表露。宾语通常是表示事物的名词短语、that-分句或wh-分句。 Thefiremandemonstratedgreatcourageinsavingthechild. Thisfullydemonstratesthatthefriendshipbetweenourtwocountriesisprofound.show 通过展示某物使其显而易见，或通过言行、表情等显示出某种特点、属性或状态。接单宾语(人或物)、双宾语(直接宾语是名词短语,that…,wh-分句,wh-词+不定式)、复合宾语(名词短语+tobe/形容词短语) Shehasshownherself(tobe)ahighlycompetentmanager.(=prove) Ourresearchhasshown(us)howlittleweknowaboutthisdisease.(=prove) Thisdictionarycontainsmanyexamplesthatshowhowwordsareactuallyused.(=explain)evidence 可与show互换使用。尤表示以外露的言行来证实某些疑惑的事物确凿存在。宾语通常是表示事物的名词。 Hersmileevidencedherpleasure. Linesofpeoplewaitingtobuyticketsevidencedthesuccessoftheplay.(P2,L2)morality 1.=apersonalorsocialsetofstandardsforgoodorbadbehaviorandcharacter,orthequalityofbeingright,honestoracceptable Theyarguedforanewmoralitybasedonself-sacrificeandhonesty. public/privatemorality公共或个人道德 Thispaperdiscussesthemoralityofabortion.堕胎的道德性 2.=particularsystemofmorals道德体系 Christian/Muslimmorality基督教/伊斯兰教道德(P2,L2)morality morale[mɔ'rɑ:l]:thelevelofconfidenceandpositivefeelingsthatpeoplehave,especiallypeoplewhoworktogether,whobelongtothesameteam,etc. 士气 胜利总是对提高士气大有好处。 Awinisalwaysgoodformorale.(P2,L2)ethics 1.=thestudyofwhatismorallyrightandwhatisnot伦理学 2.=(ethic)[pl]asystemofacceptedbeliefswhichcontrolbehavior,esp.suchasystembasedonmorals道德规范 Theethicsofjournalismaremuchdebated. ethnic(adj.)relatingtoaparticularrace,nation,ortribeandtheircustomsandtraditions种族的，人种学的，有民族特色的(P2,L2)sellout 1.=sellallofwhatwasforsale售完 Alltheticketsforthematchweresoldout.　 WesoldoutoftheT-shirtsinthefirstcoupleofhours. 2.=bedisloyalorunfaithfultoone’sprinciplesorfriends背叛 Hewasgoodwriter,buthesoldoutandnowjustwriteformoney. Theyhavesoldusoutbyagreeingtoworkduringthestrike.(P2,L2)expediency[ik'spi:diənsi] =whatisusefulornecessarytodoinaparticularsituation,evenifitismorallywrong便利，从自身利益考虑，权宜之计 Asamatterofexpedience,wewillnotbetakingonanynewstaffthisyear. 他会继续在有利于军方的基础上做出他的大多数决定。 Hewouldcontinuetomakemostofhisdecisionsonthebasisofmilitaryexpediency. Ithinkthisgovernmentoperatesonthebasisofexpediency,notofprinciple.(P2,L3)athand =nearintimeorspace 元旦就快到了，我打算给爸爸妈妈买份礼物。 在写作的时候，他总是喜欢手边放本字典。 TheSpringFestivalisathandandIplantobuyapresentformyparents. Whenhewrites,healwayskeepsadictionaryathand. Wehadtowashourclothes__________. Istillhavesomemoney__________. Ourstaffarealways___________tohelp.byhandonhandinhand(P2,L4)inshortsupply =scarce,notenough 我们必须节约紧缺的能源。 洪灾地区食品供应短缺。 Wemustsaveenergythathasalreadybeeninshortsupply. Foodinfloodedareasisinshortsupply.(P2,L4)scarce =notmuchormanycomparedwithwhatiswanted;hardtofind指因为匮乏而难以得到 对稀有资源的争夺非常激烈。 Therewasafiercecompetitionforthescarceresources. The____offoodforcedpriceup. Iwas__abletomovemyarmaftertheaccident. 我一进房间电话就响了。 Ihadscarcelyenteredtheroom/Scarcely(Hardly)hadIenteredtheroomwhenthephonerang.scarcityscarcely=onlyjustoralmostnot(P3,L1)consistof =bemadeof,becomposedof consistin:havesthasamainandnecessarypartorquality 我们班有27个人。 这种教学法的优点是在于能引起学生的兴趣。 Ourclassconsistsof27students. Thevalueofthisteachingmethodconsistsintheinterestitstimulatesinthestudents.(P4,L1)standfor 1.=beasignorshortformof,mean代表 GXNUstandsforGuangxiNormalUniversity. 2.=(inquestionsornegatives)allowtocontinue,acceptwithoutcomplaining(疑问或否定句)忍受 Iwouldn’tstandforthatsortoftreatmentifIwereyou. 3.=support(P4,L1)standaside/back/by/down/in/out Paulastood____forJane,whileJanewasonholiday. Wehadlotsofgoodapplicantsforthejob,butonestood_____fromtherest. Wecan'tstand_____whilemillionsofpeoplestarve. Pleasestand______-thenallofyouwillbeabletoseewhatI'mdoing. He'sdecidedtostand______afterfifteenyearsasmanagingdirector. It'stimehestood________andletamorequalifiedpersondothejob. Stand_______,please,sothedoctorcangetthrough.inoutbybackdownasideaside(P4,L1)standaside/back/by/down/in/out standaside=toleaveajoborpositionsothatotherscanhaveitinstead;tostepsidewaystomakeaspaceforothers standback=tomoveashortdistanceawayfromsthorsb standby=toallowsthunpleasanttohappenwithoutdoinganythingtostopit(bystander) standdown=togiveupyourofficialjob standin=totakeone’splaceatanevent,becausehecannotbethere standout=tobemuchbetterthanothersimilarthingsorpeople(P4,L3)ensure(US,insure) =makesthcertaintohappen使某事必然发生或对某事发生有相当把握 Pleaseensurethatallthelightsareturnedoffatnight. Hishardworkensuredhissuccess. Their2-0victorytodayhasensuredtheItalianteamaplaceintheCupFinal(双宾语)/ensuredaplaceintheCupFinalfortheItalianteam.assure 1.=tellsbconfidentlythatsthistrue,espsothattheydonotworry侧重于消除怀疑、不肯定或忧虑 Heassuredmethathewouldcome. Icanassureyouofmyfullsupportforyourplan.(assuresb/oneselfofsth) 2.=causesthtobecertain使确定 Thisfilmhasassuredhimaplaceinmoviehistory. 3.=insuresbagainstdeath寿险 self-assurance自信,lifeassurance人寿保险insure 保险，对意外损失、损害、死亡的赔偿 Hishouseisinsuredagainstfire. Weinsuredtheinstrumentforfivethousanddollars.(P4,L4)accountfor 1.=giveorbeasatisfactoryexplanation 他无法他旷课的原因。 Hecould'taccountforhisabsencefromschool. 2.=bethecauseororiginof Hisillnessaccountforhisabsence. Thereisnoaccountingfortastes. 人各有所好。 3.=toformaparticularamountofsth 高等教育约占总消费量的13％。 Highereducationaccountsforabout13percentofgeneralfundexpenditures.(P8)backdown =toadmitthatonewaswrong Thespeaker’sforcefulwordspersuadedhisopponenttobackdown. 1)Whenyouwriteahistoryessay,youshould______allyourpointswithfacts. 2)_______,Marc!Letmerunmyownlife! 3)Weslowly______fromtherattlesnake. backup:toprovidesupport/helpforsb/sth backoff:tostoptellingsbwhattodoorsothathecandealwithsthhimself backaway:tomovebackwardsandawayfromsthbecauseyouarefrightened(P9,L1)credit(n.) 1)=[U]praise,approvalorhonor 2)=[U]amethodofpayingforgoodsorservicesatalatertime 信用卡，赊欠账户 creditcard,creditaccount 3)=[C]aunitwhichrepresentsasuccessfullyfinishedpartofaneducationalcourse 4)thecredits=alistofpeoplewhohelpedtomakeafilm/atelevision/radioprogram,whichisshownorannouncedatthebeginningortheendofit演职人员名单(P9,L1)credit(n.) 球队的这次胜利归功于全队每一个人。 他解决了那个问，但他的老板却抢走了功劳。 如果你不能支付现金购买家具，可以赊账。 上个学期你得了多少个学分？ Creditforthiswingoestoeverybodyintheteam. Heactuallysolvedtheproblem,buthisbosstookcreditforit/took(all)thecreditinstead. Ifyoucan’taffordtopaycash,buythefurnitureoncredit. Howmanycreditsdidyougetlastterm?(P9,L1)rightfully(adv.) rightful(adj.)=Arightfulpositionorclaimisonewhichismorallyorlegallycorrect公正的，合法的 rightly(adv.)=behavinginawaythatissuitableandacceptable合适地，恰当地;inacorrectorexactway正确地 rightlyorwrongly=usedtomeanthatwhethersthiscorrectornot,itisafact（常做插入语）且不管对错(P9,L1)rightfully(adv.) rightful,rightfully,rightly,rightlyorwrongly 1.Theyquite_________complainedtothemanager. 2.I’llreturnthemoneytoits_______owner. 3.I’monlyclaimingwhatis________mine. 4.Ican’t________saywhetheritwasTuesdayorWednesday. 5._________________,shehasbeengiventhepostofmanagingdirector.rightlyrightfulrightfullyrightlyRightlyorwrongly(P12,L1)genuine =trulywhatitissaidtobe;notfakeorartificial名副其实的，非伪造的，非人工的 经过仔细的检验，他们确信这幅画是真的。 Withallthecarefulexaminations,theyweresurethatthepicturewasgenuine. real=referstophysicallyexistentthings 这部电影根据历史上的真实事件改编。 Themovieisbasedonarealeventinhistory.(P12,L3)preserve 1)=makesomethingcontinuewithoutchangingorbeingharmed 2)=avoidlosing 3)=keep(food)fromdecay 我们必须保护自然资源。 Wemustpreserveournaturalresources. Shemanageddespiteofeverythingtoperservehersenseofhumour. 她不管遇到什么事都竭力保持着幽默感。 Salthelpstopreservemeat.(P15,L2)succumb(vi.) =failtoresistanattack,anillness,atemptation屈服于 HefinallysuccumbedtoLucy’scharmsandagreedtoherrequest. Hiscareerwascutshortwhenhesuccumbedtocancer.P1,L1-2 Mygrandparentsbelievedyouwerehonestoryouweren’t.Therewasnoin-between. Mygrandparentsheldafirmbeliefthattherewasadefinitedistinctionbetweenhonestyanddishonesty. 我的祖父母坚信人要么是诚实的，要么是不诚实的，不存在中间的品质。P1,L2-3 Theyhadasimplemottohangingontheirliving-roomwall:“Lifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow.WhereIchoosetowalkeverywalkeverystepwillshow.” simile Mygrandparentsstronglybelievedthateveryoneshouldberesponsibleforwhathehaddonebyputtingonasloganonthewall. 他们将一条简短的箴言挂在起居室的墙上。箴言写到：“生活就像一块刚刚被雪覆盖的土地；我选择从哪里走过，哪里就会留下清晰的足迹。”P2,L1-3 Theyunderstoodinstinctivelythatintegritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotsellouttoexpediencyandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand. Theybelievedthatintegritymeansthatoneshouldhaveapersonalstandardforjudgingwhatismorallyrightandwrong.Hedoeswhathethinksheshoulddo,notwhathethinkswi