全新版大学英语视听阅读4视频听力原文

Unit 1 The Perfect Swarm Narrator: Damage from swarms of locusts can reach disastrous proportions. A single swarm of desert locusts can consume over 70,000 metric tons of vegetation a day. There is, however, one continent that ’ s locust-free: North America. 旁白：蝗虫群的伤害可以达到灾难性的程度。 一个单一的沙漠蝗虫可以消耗超过 70000 吨的 植被一天。然而，有一个大陆是蝗虫自由：美国北部。 Interestingly enough, this wasn ’ t always true. For hundreds of years, the Rocky Mountain locust was a common pest in the American West. Back in the mid-1800s, thousands of pioneers journeyed across the U.S. in search of free land and new opportunities. They settled on the frontier of the western states, and began to farm the land intensively, growing corn and other crops. 有趣的是， 这并不总是真实的。 几百年来，落基山脉的蝗虫是美国西部的一种常见害虫。早 在 19 世纪中叶，成千上万的先驱者跨越美国在自由的土地和寻找新的机会。他们定居在西 部边境，并开始对土地进行集中耕种，种植玉米和其他农作物。 Then, in 1875, out of nowhere, a rare combination of air currents, drought, and basic biology produced the right conditions for an unthinkable event, the worst storm ever recorded, the “ perfect swarm. ” It came over the horizon like a strange, dark cloud. Not millions, not billions, but trillions of insects, sweeping through the land like a living tornado. Those who saw the incredible event and survived never forgot what they witnessed. 然后，在 1875，走出无处，一个罕见的组合，空气电流，干旱，和基本生物学产生了正确 的条件为一个不可想象的事件， 最坏的风暴有史以来， “完美的群” ，它在地平线上像一个奇 怪的，黑暗的云。不是上百万，不是数十亿，而是数以万亿计的昆虫，像一个活生生的龙卷 风席卷过大地。 那些看到了令人难以置信的事件， 并幸存下来的人从来没有忘记他们见证了 什么。 The swarm came together over the state of Texas, and soon moved quickly across the frontier in a huge destructive cloud that was nearly 3,000 kilometers long. The storm spread north towards North Dakota. The locusts eventually went as far west as the Rocky Mountains, leaving a path of devastation and destruction wherever they went. 群聚在德克萨斯州的上空，并很快在一个巨大的破坏性的云，是近 3000 公里长的边界迅速 移动。 风暴向北到了北。 蝗虫最终在落基山脉的西部， 离开了一条破坏性的道路和毁灭的道 路。 An account from one person who observed the swarm described the locust storm. The locusts came down from the sky like hail. Frightened people ran screaming into their homes as the locusts ’ claws dug into their skin and hung upon their clothing. They heard sharp cracks as the insects came underfoot. The large locusts were everywhere, looking with hungry eyes turning this way and that. Their bodies blocked the sun, bringing darkness along with the destruction. 一个来自一个人的帐户， 观察到群描述了蝗虫风暴。 蝗虫从空中落下如冰雹。 当蝗虫的爪子 被挖进他们的皮， 挂在他们的衣服上时， 吓得人们尖叫着进入他们的家里。 随着昆虫来踩在 脚下他们听到尖锐的裂缝。 大蝗虫到处都是， 看着饥饿的眼睛转动着这样的方式。 他们的身 体挡住了太阳，带来了黑暗与毁灭。 Crop damages were absolutely astonishing. If such destruction were to happen today it would cost an estimated US$116 billion, more than the most costly hurricane in American history. And then, something remarkable happened: the Rocky Mountain locust simply vanished. 农作物的损害是绝对惊人的。 如果这样的破坏将发生在今天， 它将花费大约 116 美元， 超过 了美国历史上最昂贵的飓风。 然后，一些非凡的事情发生了： 落基山脉的蝗虫简直就消失了。 At the University of Wyoming, entomologist Dr. Jeff Lockwood has spent over a decade investigating why the Rocky Mountain locust disappeared. 在怀俄明大学的昆虫学家杰夫博士，她已经花了超过十年调查为什么落基山蝗虫消失。 Dr. Jeff Lockwood, University of Wyoming: “ There were probably more locusts in the largest swarm than there are stars in the Milky Way — trillions. Not only is something of that scale and magnitude and power gone, but it ’ s gone within a few years. It ’ s not as if we had a tremendous series of earthquakes or tidal waves or forest fires. And so it doesn ’ t make sense that it could ’ ve gone extinct. There ’ s no reason for it to have done so. It ’ s a great mystery. ” 杰夫博士：怀俄明大学洛克伍德， “有可能是更多的蝗虫在最大的群有比银河系中的恒星万 亿。这不仅是一种规模和规模和力量去了， 但它在几年内消失了。 这并不是因为我们有一系 列的地震或海啸或森林火灾。因此，它没有意义，它可能已经灭绝。没有理由这么做了。这 是一个伟大的奥秘。 ” Narrator: It ’ s a mystery that Lockwood is determined to solve. Whatever wiped out the Rocky Mountain locust changed American history. Exactly what could have destroyed a plague nearly 3,000 kilometers long? Lockwood is on the case. He starts the investigation with the victim itself. Unfortunately, very few locust specimens exist, and those that do are often in bad condition. 旁白：这是一个谜， 她下决心要解决。 无论是什么， 消灭了落基山脉的蝗虫改变了美国历史。 到底是什么能摧毁一个瘟疫近 3000 公里长？洛克伍德的情况。他开始调查受害者本身。不 幸的是，极少数的蝗虫标本存在，那些做的往往是在恶劣的条件下。 Dr. Lockwood: “ So what we have is a body of evidence of the victim in its dying moments, alright, but we don’ t know what the life of the victim looked like when it was flourishing. The next opportunity we have for a major set of clues is locked up in the ice of the glaciers of the Rocky Mountain s. ” Lockwood 博士：“我们是在死亡的时候，身体的受害者的证据，好吧，但是我们不知道受害 者的生活看起来像当它蒸蒸日上。 下一次机会， 我们要一大套线索被锁在冰的岩石山脉的冰 川。 Narrator: Lockwood is headed to Knife Point Glacier, Wyoming, not far from Yellowstone National Park. For centuries, strong winds would sweep swarms of locusts high into the mountains, where they would freeze to death. 旁白：洛克伍德前往刀点的冰川，怀俄明，离黄石公园不远。几百年来，强风将蝗虫群中的 蝗虫群高到山上，在那里它们将被冻成死亡。 Dr. Lockwood: “ These glaciers serve as both traps and sort of icy tombs for the Rocky Mountain locust. Were we looking at a long, slow death , or were we looking at a sudden demise? ” Lockwood 博士：“这些冰川作为陷阱和落基山蝗虫冰冷的坟墓排序。 我们是在寻找一个漫长、 缓慢的死亡，还是我们在看着一个突然死亡？“ Narrator: By extracting DNA samples from specimens frozen over a period of time, Lockwood may be able to specify exactly what caused the extinction of the insects. The good news for the expedition is that there could be locust specimens anywhere, but the bad news is that “ anywhere ” includes thousands of square meters covered with snow and ice. Then, on one of the steeper parts of the mountain, Lockwood sees something. 旁白：在经过一段时间的冰冻标本提取 DNA 样本，洛克伍德可以指定究竟是什么原因导致 昆虫的灭绝。探险的好消息是，这里可能有蝗虫标本，但坏消息是， “任何地方”包括数千 平方米，覆盖着冰雪。然后，在一个山的陡峭的部分，洛克伍德看到的东西。 Dr. Lockwood: “ Check it out! ” Lockwood 博士：“检查出来！“ Lockwood ’ s Colleague: “ A whole body? ” 洛克伍德的同事： “整个身体？“ Dr. Lockwood: “ It looks like it. ” Lockwood 博士：“它看起来像它一样。 ” Lockwood ’ s Colleague: “ Head, thorax, and abdomen? ” 洛克伍德的同事： “头，胸，腹？“ Dr. Lockwood: “ Look, you can see the wings. ” Lockwood 博士：“看，你可以看到的翅膀。 ” Narrator: Lockwood will take the locusts back to his laboratory to examine them more closely. If they ’ re the right species, they could help solve one of the greatest extinction mysteries of our time. 旁白： 洛克伍德将蝗虫回到他的实验室仔细检查。 如果他们是正确的物种， 他们可以帮助解 决我们这个时代最大的灭绝之谜之一。 Dr. Lockwood: “ To get my hands on the body, in terms of this murder mystery, was critically important. ” Lockwood 博士：“把我的手放在身上，在这个神秘的谋杀，是非常重要的。 ” Narrator: A look under the microscope reveals the signs. 旁白：显微镜下观察的迹象。 Dr. Lockwood: “ At that moment, I knew that we had the Rocky Mountain locust. ” Lockwood 博士：“在那一刻，我知道我们有落基山蝗虫。 ” Narrator: It ’ s an exact match. They ’ re the same species of locusts that once devastated the American plains. Lockwood ’ s study of the Rocky Mountain locust has told him more and more about this odd insect. They seem to have split personalities. On one hand, as members of the grasshopper family, they ’ re generally shy and remain alone. But when annoyed in just the right way, the once gentle locust changes completely into some kind of destructive monster. They change color and their wings and legs grow longer. Eventually, they become more aggressive and swarm, whereby they become a kind of living, breathing weapon of mass destruction. 讲述者：这是一个精确的匹配。 他们是同一种类的蝗虫， 一旦摧毁了美国的平原。 的岩石山 蝗虫洛克伍德的研究告诉他更多关于这个奇怪的昆虫。 他们似乎有分裂的人格。 一方面， 作 为一个家庭的成员， 他们一般都很害羞， 并且仍然独自一人。 但当不好的时候，一次温柔的 蝗虫完全转变成某种破坏性的怪物。 它们改变颜色，它们的翅膀和腿长得更长。最终， 他们 变得更加好斗和群，从而使他们成为一种生活，呼吸的大规模杀伤性武器。 Dr. Lockwood: “ Nobody’ s in charge. There ’ s no leader, there ’ s nobody out in front. ” Lockwood 博士：“没人负责。没有领袖，前面没有人。 ” Narrator: Back in the laboratory, the locusts are revealing their secrets. The DNA test results are back and they ’ ve indicated one certain fact: the Rocky Mountain locust didn ’ t decline over a long period of time. 旁白： 在实验室里， 蝗虫正在揭露他们的秘密。脱氧核糖核酸测试结果是回来的， 他们已经 指出了一个事实：落基山脉的蝗虫在很长一段时间内没有下降。 Dr. Lockwood: “ It was not sort of a death by old age. In fact, what we’ re looking at is a very sudden sort of ‘ bolt out of the blue ’ disappearance. There ’ s nothing in the genetic course of this species that would lead us to believe that it was in its last days. ” 博士：“这不是那种洛克伍德的老年死亡。 事实上， 我们所期待的是一种非常突然的 “螺栓” 消失。在这个物种的基因过程中，没有什么能使我们相信它是在它的最后几天。 ” Narrator: Some other force must have been responsible for destroying the plague, and Lockwood is determined to find it. 旁白：其他力量必须是负责消灭瘟疫，和洛克伍德决定找到它。 Dr. Lockwood: “ I began to realize that we ’ ve been looking at the wrong scale. If we want to find out perhaps what eliminated the Rocky Mountain locust, what we should be looking for is what was happening to the species at the time of its weakest link. ” Lockwood 博士：“我开始意识到，我们一直在寻找错误的规模。如果我们想找出可能消除了 落基山脉的蝗虫，我们应该寻找的是什么是发生在该物种在其最薄弱的环节。 ” Narrator: Now, after years of research, Lockwood may finally be able to solve the mystery of why the Rocky Mountain locust disappeared. It turns out that the Rocky Mountain locust gathered in one particular region to lay its eggs. In the 1800s, that region was in the river valleys of the Rocky Mountains. 旁白：现在，经过多年的研究，她终于可以回答这个落基山蝗虫消失。原来，落基山脉的蝗 虫聚集在一个特定的地区产卵。在 19 世纪，该地区是在落基山脉的河谷。 Dr. Lockwood: “ It turned out that agriculture was booming in these river valleys in the late 1800s. ” Lockwood 博士：“原来，农业是在 19 世纪后期在这些流域蓬勃发展。 ” Narrator: The gold and silver industries were booming as well. The major nesting area of the rocky Mountain locust had become a busy and overcrowded place; therefore, conditions there would certainly have had an effect on any species. 旁白：黄金和白银行业也在蓬勃发展。 落基山脉蝗虫的主要筑巢区域成了一个繁忙而拥挤的 地方，因此，那里肯定会对任何物种产生影响。 Dr. Lockwood: “ The killer of the Rocky Mountain locust turns out to be us. The pioneer agriculturalist of the Rocky Mountain West in the late 1800s is the killer of the Rocky Mountain locust. ” Lockwood 博士：“落基山蝗虫杀手原来是我们。 19 世纪后期的落基山脉西部拓荒农民是落 基山蝗虫的杀手。 ” Narrator: As farms appeared in the river valleys to feed the miners, the farmers plowed up the fields and stamped out the delicate eggs that had been laid by the great swarm. By not allowing the eggs to mature into full-grown locusts, the species was entirely destroyed at its weakest — when the insects were just eggs. The only extinction of a pest species in agricultural history was in fact an accident. 旁白： 农场出现在河谷给矿工， 农民耕种的田野上，被杰出的群奠定了精致的蛋。 不允许这 些卵在成熟的蝗虫中发育成熟， 在它最弱的时候， 这些物种被完全摧毁了， 当昆虫只不过是 蛋。农业历史上唯一一种害虫种类的灭绝实际上是一次事故。 Unit 2 The Red Devils Narrator: Dr. Bob Gilly is a neurobiologist at Hopkins Marine Station in Pacific Grove, California. He ’ s studied squid for more than 20 years. His most recent study of Humboldt squid, sometimes called “ red devils, ” tracked the movements of almost 1,000 squid off the coast of Santa Rosalia, Mexico. Two months later, the squid began to appear across the Gulf of California, near Guaymas. To get a closer look at the giant squid and, hopefully, to learn more about them, Gilly headed down to the small fishing village. Gilly has invited Bob Cranston, an intrepid cameraman who ’ s spent more time in deep water with giant squid than anyone, to film the squid. Gilly doesn ’ t dive himself, so Cranston will serve as the scientist ’ s eyes underwater. Cranston begins by giving some details about the new diving equipment he ’ s brought. 旁白：鲍勃侍从在霍普金斯海洋站在太平洋格罗夫神经生物学家，加利福尼亚。他研究了 20 多年的鱿鱼。他对洪堡特的鱿鱼最新研究中，有时被称为“红魔” ，“跟踪几乎 1000 鱿鱼 了圣罗萨利亚海岸运动， 墨西哥。两个月后， 鱿鱼开始穿过加利福尼亚湾附近出现，瓜伊马 斯。为能一睹巨型鱿鱼，希望，更多的了解他们，她去了小渔村。她邀请了鲍勃克兰斯顿， 无畏的摄影师谁花了巨型乌贼的比任何人都深水多的时候， 电影的鱿鱼。 她自己不潜水， 所 以克兰斯顿将作为科学家的眼睛下。在开始给一些新的潜水设备的细节给他。 Bob Cranston, Cameraman: “ Stay down a little longer, dive a little deeper, get in a little more trouble ... ” 鲍勃克兰斯顿，摄影师： “留了长一点，深一点的潜水，有一点麻烦 ,, ” Narrator: The dive won’ t begin until nightfall, when the squid rise to feed in the higher depths of the sea. The wait gives the men time to look around. 旁白：潜水不会开始直到傍晚，当鱿鱼引起饲料在海的更深处。等待让男人们环顾四周。 Cranston: “ Let ’ s walk up here and talk to these fishermen. ” 主角：“让我们走到这里来跟这些渔民。 ” Narrator: They decide to get the local fishermen ’ s opinion of the giant squid. What they learn is somewhat disturbing. 旁白：他们决定让当地渔民对巨型鱿鱼的看法。他们所学的东西有些令人不安。 Local Fisherman, Guaymas, Mexico: “ We lose people. Every other year, somebody dies. I have a friend that they found floating in the ocean, oh, last year. ” 当地渔民，瓜伊马斯，墨西哥： “我们失去的人。每隔一年，有人死亡。我有一个朋友，他 们发现漂浮在海洋，哦，去年。 ” Cranston: “ Squid fisherman? ” 克兰斯顿：“鱿鱼渔民？“ Local Fisherman: “ It ’ s lucky they found him because, you know, they ’ re carnivorous. They ’ ll eat you, I mean, they will eat you! ” 当地渔民：“很幸运他们发现他， 因为， 你知道， 他们是食肉动物。 他们会吃掉你， 我是说， 他们会吃掉你！ “ Dr. Bob Gilly, Neurobiologist: “ The squid will eat you? ” 鲍勃日利，神经生物学家： “鱿鱼会吃了你？“ Fisherman: “ The squid will eat you. If you fall into the ocean, they ’ ll get you with their tentacles, you ’ ll drown, and then they ’ ll . . . you know, all the rest of them will just eat you. ” 渔夫：“鱿鱼会吃掉你。如果你掉进海里，他们会把你的触角伸向你，你会被淹死，然后他 们会。 ..你知道，所有的人都会吃你。 ” Narrator: Could these stories be true? It ’ s enough to worry any diver and gives the men something to think about as they have dinner and prepare. 旁白： 这些故事是真的吗？这足以让任何一个潜水者担心， 并让他们在吃晚餐的同时， 做些 准备。 Narrator: With the afternoon fading, it ’ s time for Gilly and Cranston to get down to business. 旁白：在下午的衰落，这是日利，克兰斯顿正事的时间。 Cranston: “ OK, time to go diving, sun ’ s going down. ” 主角：“好，时间去潜水，太阳正在下山。 ” Narrator: The men have created a plan to get as close as possible to the red devils, but it ’ s going to require some major preparations and careful planning. Cranston knows from his past experience that it can take hours just to find the squid, possibly requiring numerous dives to 60 meters deep. With traditional scuba equipment, he could run out of air before seeing a single red devil. So Cranston will be using a “ rebreather ” for the dive. 旁白：男人们已经创造了一个计划，尽可能接近“红魔鬼” ，但这需要一些主要的准备和精 心的计划。 在知道他过去的经验， 它可能需要数小时才能找到鱿鱼， 可能需要大量的潜水深 60 米。与传统的水下呼吸器，他可以在看到一个单一的红色恶魔之前用完了空气。所以， 克兰斯顿将使用一个“潜水呼吸器” 。 Cranston: “ Get ready! Get ready for a night with the squid. ” 主角：“准备好！准备好一个晚上的鱿鱼。 ” Narrator: A rebreather is a special device that contains a filter that removes dangerous carbon dioxide from the diver ’ s exhaled breaths while simultaneously adding oxygen. It ’ ll allow Cranston to stay underwater longer and go deeper, but it has its disadvantages. 旁白： 呼吸器是一个特殊的设备， 包含一个过滤器， 去除危险的二氧化碳从潜水员呼出的气 息同时加氧。它会让克兰斯顿在水下停留的时间更长和更深，但它有它的缺点。 Cranston: “ With this rebreather, I can stay underwater up to eleven hours. It ’ s pretty painful to stay underwater for eleven hours. The maximum I want to stay underwater is about four. The real danger is that you don’ t watch your gauges, you get excited about doing something and you ’ re your oxygen level goes down, down, down. And then all of a sudden you pass out because there ’ s no warning of having too little oxygen. Your vision just goes . . . and then you get black. ” 克兰斯顿：“这个呼吸器，我能在水下停留长达十一小时。在水下呆十一个小时真是太痛苦 了。我想在水下停留的最大值是四。 真正的危险在于你不看你的仪表， 你对做某事感到兴奋， 你是你的氧气水平下降，下降，下降。然后突然你就昏倒了，因为没有氧气的警告。你的愿 景只是去。 ..然后你会变黑。 ” Narrator: The two men head out to where the fishermen have been finding the jumbo squid. They wait until dusk when the squid rise from inaccessible depths of over 180 meters to a barely accessible depth of 60 meters. Tonight, Gilly and Cranston are going to attempt an interesting experiment. They ’ ll film the squid using red light. 旁白：这 2 个男人的头，在那里的渔民已经找到了巨型鱿鱼。他们等到黄昏时分，从水深 180 多米的深处，到一个勉强可接近的水深 60 米的深海中，直到黄昏时分。今晚，她和克 兰斯顿正试图进行一个有趣的实验。他们用红色的光拍摄鱿鱼。 Cranston: “ Red is camouflage underwater, so we’ re trying to add some red, but still have something we can film with. ” 主角：“红色的伪装下，所以我们要添加一些红色，但是还是有东西可以电影。 ” Narrator: Like many deep-dwelling creatures, Humboldt squid aren ’ t very sensitive to red light since red is the first color to disappear in the ocean. Cranston will also be using a red rebreather and wearing a red dive suit in the hopes that he’ ll be less invasive in the squid ’ s environment. Ideally, this will allow him to witness their natural behavior in their element. 旁白： 像许多深栖生物， 洪堡特鱿鱼对红光不是很敏感， 因为红色是第一种颜色在海洋中消 失。克兰斯顿也将使用红色的呼吸器和穿着红色的潜水服， 他会在鱿鱼的环境是微创的希望。 理想情况下，这会让他在他们的元素中见证他们的自然行为。 Gilly: “ A red devil? ” 侍从：“红魔鬼？“ Cranston: “ I ’ m going to be a reddevil down there. ” 主角：“我要一个红色的魔鬼在那里。 ” Gilly: “ You might never come back. You ’ re going to join them! ” 侍从：“你可能再也不回来了。你将加入他们！ “ Cranston: “ I ’ m not worried about the squid hurting me. I ’ m worried about the squid putting up a situation like pulling your mask off or pulling a rebreather hose off, or something like that. That would be a really bad situation. ” 主角：“我并不担心鱿鱼伤害我。我担心鱿鱼把情况想拉着你的面具或呼吸器软管拔下来， 或者类似的东西。那真是一个糟糕的局面。 ” Narrator: The red lights may make Cranston less visible, but it ’ s still possible that these reportedly dangerous predators may get too close or become aggressive. 旁白： 红灯可以让克兰斯顿不可见， 但它仍然是可能的， 这些据说危险的食肉动物可能靠得 太近或变得咄咄逼人。 Narrator: Cranston begins his long dive to 60 meters beneath the ocean. It ’ s a dangerous commitment. He ’ ll have to spend more than an hour coming up if something goes wrong or risk getting decompression sickness. In addition, the 35-kilo rebreather makes him less able to move around than with traditional scuba gear. After a short time, the first squid swim into view. They seem to take no notice of the red light; perhaps Cranston and Gilly ’ s theory is correct. Then a squid approaches Cranston. Cranston can see it, but can it see him? Apparently it can but at first, the squid seems more curious than aggressive. Then, suddenly, a bolder squid attacks the camera. Cranston is caught completely off guard. Soon, the devils seem to be coming from all directions — and at top speeds. Humboldt squid can swim as fast as 32 kilometers per hour. The average human swims at only two or three kilometers per hour. Eventually, the squid turn their attention to Cranston himself. His worst nightmare is about to come true. One tries to pull off his mask. Luckily, it fails. Then, as quickly as it all began, with one last squirt of ink, the attack is over. 旁白：在开始他的长下潜至 60 米海底。这是一个危险的承诺。如果出了问，或是冒出了 减压病，他就得花上一个多小时的时间了。此外， 35 公斤的呼吸器让他比传统的潜水装备 不能够左右移动。短时间后，第一个鱿鱼游到视图。他们似乎没有注意红灯；也许克兰斯顿 和日利的理论是正确的。然后在鱿鱼的方法。 ·可以看到它，但是它能见到他吗？显然，它 可以，但在第一，鱿鱼似乎更好奇比积极。然后，突然，一个大胆的乌贼攻击相机。克兰斯 顿是弄得措手不及。很快，魔鬼似乎来自四面八方，在最高速度。洪堡特鱿鱼可以游得快 32 公里每小时。一般人的游泳只有 2 到三公里 /小时。最终，鱿鱼把注意力转向在自己。他 最糟糕的噩梦即将到来。 一个试图从他的面具拔下。 幸运的是， 它失败了。 然后，尽快开始， 随着最后一点墨水，攻击结束。 Gilly: “ Congratulations, Bob! ” 侍从：“恭喜你，鲍勃！ “ Cranston: “ Well, about what? ” 克兰斯顿：“嗯，关于什么？“ Narrator: Back on the boat, Cranston is characteristically relaxed, almost like nothing happened. 旁白：回到船上，克兰斯顿是典型的轻松，就像什么也没发生。 Cranston: “ Well, actually, I had a squid come and, you know, touch me. They ’ d grab a hold of the camera, and I ’ d grab a hold of them and kind of shake their hand a little bit. And they ’ d put out their little tentacles a nd . . . ” “嗯，其实，克兰斯顿：我有一个鱿鱼来，你知道，触摸我。他们会抓住一把相机，我会抓 住他们的手和一点点的手，一点点。他们会伸出他们的小触角。 “ ..” Narrator: Finally, Cranston gets to show off his film to Gilly. 旁白：最后，克兰斯顿准备展示他的电影基里。 Cranston: “ This was when we had the squid grab a hold of the lights and pull the filt ers. There he comes right out of nowhere. They ’ re coming in at full speed ahead, grab the prey, and full speed reverse. And leave the ink. ” 主角：“这是当我们有鱿鱼抓住灯拉过滤器。他从没有地方来的地方。他们正全速向前，抓 住猎物，全速前进。留下墨水。 ” Narrator: The red light was definitely a great success. Even though the squid could obviously see it, they came much closer than in white light. Cranston has captured some superb images and Gilly has learned much more about the animals ’ behavior. 红色的灯光一定是一个巨大的成功。 即使鱿鱼能明显地看到它， 但它们比白光更近。 在抓获 了一些极好的图像和基里了解更多关于动物的行为。 Gilly: “ It makes you suspect that they have incredible intelligence, to see this exploration- type behavior. And I certainly believe they have a lot of intelligence. ” 侍从：“这让你怀疑他们有不可思议的智慧，看到这种探索式的行为。我当然相信他们有很 多的智慧。” Narrator: The discoveries from research trips like Gilly ’ s not only add to scientists ’ knowledge about these mysterious animals, but also add to the world ’ s fascination with the unusual invertebrates known as the red devils. 旁白：从研究旅行喜欢日利的不仅增加了科学家对这些神秘的动物知识的发现， 也为世界增 添魅力，被称为红魔的不寻常的无脊椎动物。 Unit 3 The Orient Express Narrator: With its famous boulevards, historic buildings, and elegant atmosphere, Paris is a city that the world often associates with romance. But there are also people here looking for something else: romance from another time. They want to return to an age when simply getting somewhere was an adventure, a time when Paris was the departure point for the world ’ s most famous train: the Orient Express. 骆驼说：“其著名的大道，历史建筑和优雅，大气，巴黎是一个城市，世界或将与浪漫。但 也有人在这里找什么别的浪漫： 从另一个小时。 他们想要回报两个简单的时代， 当得到的地 方，是一个冒险的时刻，当巴黎是偏离分为世界最著名的是： 《东方特快列车。 Tourist: “ Good Morning. How are you? ” 游客：“早安。怎么是你？“ Narrator: This tourist is checking in to board the train once known as “ the Train of Kings and the King of Trains. ” In every detail, including the beautiful d é cor, the Orient Express evokes the elegant images of a golden age. When it began operating at the turn of the 20th Century, the train carried members of Europe ’ s royal families and rich business leaders from Paris to Constantinople, or Istanbul, as the Turkish city is now called. These days, this luxurious train makes the journey once a year — and it ’ s a six-day journey some wait a lifetime to take. 骆驼说：这是旅游的冰板检查在两个已知的火车“ AA”《列王和国王的火车。 “在每一个细 节，包括 décor 美丽，优雅的《东方快车 evokes Images of a 的黄金时期。当它开始操作在 20 世纪之交， 火车进行成员的欧洲皇室家族和丰富的商业领导者的两 constantinople 从巴黎 或伊斯坦布尔，土耳其现在是所谓的城市。这些天，这使得《豪华列车旅行一次，一年和它 的六天的旅程的一些带你一辈子。 Eli Gershovitch, Orient Express Passenger: “ What I really wanted to get out of the Orient Express was the feeling of going into a . . . stepping into a time machine. The idea that I could go back to a bygone era, not just any time, but a time before I was even born, and experience what it would have been like. ” 以利 gershovitch，东方快车乘客：“我真的想离开 《东方快车是感觉到大学去。 ,,,,,,, 到的有限的时间机器。的想法，我可以回去两个 bygone 时代，不仅仅是在任何时间，但一 个小时之前，我甚至和孩子的经验，它将一直喜欢的。 ” Narrator: For most of the 85 passengers on this run, the pampering and luxury of this famous voyage are a once-in-a-lifetime treat. 骆驼说：“必须在这 85 旅客来说，《pampering 和 luxury 这所著名的航行是一个千载难逢的 终生治疗。 Bill Hummel, Orient Express Passenger: “ It has many meanings for us. My wife had her sixtieth birthday in June and our twenty- fifth wedding anniversary was the twentieth of August. ” 比尔 Hummel ，东方快车乘客： “它有多 meanings 美元。我的妻子在这里 sixtieth 仇恨的生 日在六月的第五个和我们的婚礼 anniversary 是八月二十部。 ” Narrator: Everyone aboard the train seems to share a common desire: to somehow recapture a lost age. 骆驼说： 每个人都 aboard 火车似乎 A 普通股的欲望： 两个 somehow recapture 迷失的一代。 Karen Prothero, Orient Express Marketing Director: “ There ’ s a huge fascination for the train, and then of course Agatha Christie wrote that famous book, Murder on the Orient Express, which, that has also helped so much to make it such a famous name. ” 凯伦普洛特洛东方快车，营销总监： “有一巨大的迷上火车，然后当然是阿加莎·克里斯蒂 写了著名的书，在《东方快车谋杀，这，这是这么多的帮助也使它这样一个著名的名字。 ” Narrator: After World War II, airlines and the rise of the Iron Curtain between the East and West, made this type of luxury travel by train impractical. Therefore, the Orient Express suspended its service until 1997, when the route between Paris and Istanbul was restarted. For many people, the attraction of the journey is irresistible. 骆驼说：世界战争 II 后，航空公司和钢铁侠和窗帘之间的东部和西部，制造这类大学 luxury impractical 旅游城市的列车。因此， 《东方快车悬浮 ITS服务直到 1997 年，当巴黎和伊斯坦 布尔之间的路线是 restarted 。太多的人的吸引力， irresistible 冰的旅程。 Robert Franklin, Teacher: “ I ’ ve always been a lover of travel, and always in search of particularly exotic and unusual travel venues. The history, the terrain that we are traveling, I mean it ’ s just soaked with the blood of saints, and warriors, and visionaries. For me, as a teacher and as a writer, it ’ s really pretty inspiring. ” 罗伯特 ?富兰克林，老师： “我有一个承诺：我总是在旅行，和搜索（特别是外来 venues 和 不寻常的旅行。 地形的历史， 这是我们的旅游产品， 均只是浸泡与大学的圣徒的血， 和战士， visionaries 鸭。我，作为一个教师和作为一个作家的 inspiring 真漂亮。” Narrator: As it winds through the magnificent scenery of the Alps, the Orient Express crosses countryside that consistently displays its finest. The passengers on the train are expected to do no less. Dinner is a formal affair with all that entails. It all adds to the sense that the trip is more than just a train ride. It ’ s a trip where the journey itself is the destination. The idea isn ’ t really to simply arrive somewhere, it ’ s to have an incredible experience along the way. 骆驼说：“它的 scenery 风通到顶的阿尔卑斯山， 《东方快车 consistently 种乡村， 显示其最好 的。在火车的旅客是两个做的没有预期的少。有一个正式的冰， entails 与所有的事情。所有 的 adds 侦听，行程超过冰是一种列车行驶。这是一个在旅行本身是旅程的终点。的想法不 是真的 arrive 两个简单的地方，它的两个有一个令人难以置信的经验，沿着路。 Franklin: “ It has been a dream for a long time to participate in this little bit of history. It ’ s hard to imagine a more extraordinary and romantic, sort of, journey than travel from Paris to Istanbul on the Orient Express. ” 富兰克林：“一个梦它已经好长一段时间在这两个 participate 点点的历史。它的一个更硬的 两个非凡的想象和浪漫的，黑色的，比从巴黎旅行旅行两个伊斯坦布尔的东方快车。 ” Narrator: While the morning mist hangs over the sleepy fields of Europe, the world ’ s most famous train comes alive. As the Orient Express rolls across eastern Austria, window shades are opened, surfaces are shined, and breakfast is served. The work on the train has been done by an army of well-trained staff for years. And working on a legend has its rewards. 骆驼说：当清晨的薄雾 hangs 寂静的田野，在欧洲，世界最著名的列车是活的。作为《东方 快车罗尔斯在奥地利东部，是 opened 窗口的阴影，表面是 shined，冰 served 和早餐。工作 在火车已经完成城市西安陆军学院参谋训练吗？阱数年。和工作在一个传奇有其 rewards 。 Bruno Feret, Cabin Steward: “ Because it ’ s a wonderful, wonderful hotel on wheels. ” 布鲁诺 FERET、舱的乘务员： “因为它的精彩，精彩酒店风火轮” 。 Narrator: The staff of the Orient Express knows all about providing first-class service. Most of them have also worked in Europe ’ s finest hotels and restaurants. 骆驼说：“东方快车的职员知道所有关于提供第一级的服务。他们的大部分工作也有欧洲最 好的酒店和餐厅。 Alexander Introvigne, Bartender: “ Working on a train is very different because you have the scenery which is always changing. In an operational way it ’ s also very different from working in a hotel, so you have to be very well organized. ” 亚历山大 introvigne ，酒保说：“做一个列车冰很不同，因为你的 scenery 这是永远的改变。 在一个这样的操作也非常不同，从工作在一个酒店，所以你有两个组织的很好。 ” Narrator: There are certainly challenges unique to running a five-star hotel on wheels. These days, the six-day journey through seven countries happens only once every 12 months, but planning for it takes the entire year. 骆驼说：有一定的独特挑战两个行走的五星级酒店，风火轮。这些天， 6 天旅程的国家发生 的七通一次每 12 个月的计划，但它需要“全” 。 MacheleZorzi, Maitre d ’ : “ We move all the time. The train is not like a new train. It wasn ’ t built yesterday, as you know, and then we have a limited stock of everything, so we have to try to make it last. ” machelezorzi，领班：“我们行动的所有时间。火车像一个新的冰槽的列车。这不是国产的昨 天，你知道的，然后我们有一个公司的股份制银行的一切， 所以我们有两个试图使它的货物。 ” Introvigne: “ And it ’ s not easy. Instead of a hotel when if you ’ re missing something you just go down to the canteen and get it, it ’ s a bit different on the train. ” introvigne ：“这不容易。而不是一个酒店的时候，如果你错过了一些东西，你就走上两个 canteen 和得到它，这是一个位在火车的不同。 ” Narrator: In addition to the annual Paris to Istanbul run, the Orient Express has offered a regular seasonal service between Venice and London for over 20 years. Still, each trip is a learning experience, including learning to stay on your feet while creating world-class cuisine. 旁白：除了每年的巴黎到伊斯坦布尔，东方快车在威尼斯和伦敦之间提供了 20 年的定期服 务。然而，每次旅行都是一次学习的经历， 包括在创造世界级烹饪的时候， 在你的脚下学习。 Christian Bodiguel, Chef: “ It ’ s very difficult because you get to see . . . it ’ s move now. For me it ’ s very difficult because we have a small kitchen and it ’ s moving, moving, moving. ” 基督教 bodiguel，厨师：“这很难因为你看到。 ..现在是行动。 对于我来说， 这是非常困难的， 因为我们有一个小厨房，它的移动，移动，移动。 ” Introvigne: “ Ah, it is, but we ’ re used to it, especially working out on the tables. The movement is sort of ah . . . it keeps you busy. It keeps you very concentrated actually. It ’ s relaxing sometimes. ” 英特罗维吉：“啊，是的，但我们使用它，尤其是工作在表。运动是一种啊。 ..它让你忙。它 让你非常集中。有时它是放松。 ” Narrator: The secret is to make it all look effortless. 秘密是让它看起来毫不费力。 Claude Gianella, General Manager: “ Without being presumptuous, it has been my main objective for those twenty years to keep the highes t possible level of service on what is, after all, a train. ” 克劳德 -吉安内拉，总经理： “没有放肆，这一直是我的主要目的是为那些二十年保持最高的 服务水准是什么，毕竟，一列火车。 ” Narrator: At various stops along the route, food is loaded onto the train, from fresh fruit to fresh fish. The kitchens are completely restocked within minutes to keep the train right on track. In each country, the Orient Express takes on a new locomotive engine and engineer in order to ensure passengers ’ safety and that the train runs smoothly. The rest of the staff stays the same throughout the journey — and often throughout the years. 旁白： 在沿途各站， 食物都装上火车，从新鲜的水果到新鲜的鱼。 厨房是完全补充几分钟内 保持在轨道火车吧。 在每个国家， 东方快车都需要一个新的机车发动机和工程师， 以确保乘 客的安全，火车运行平稳。其余的工作人员在整个旅程中保持不变 --而且经常在这一年里。 Zorzi: “ I ’ ve been on the Orient Express for thirteen years now. ” 患者：“我已经十三年之久的东方快车吧。 ” Chef Bodiguel: “ Fifteen years on board. Fifteen years I work here. ” 厨师 bodiguel ：“船上十五年。十五年我在这里工作。 ” Narrator: Once someone starts working aboard the Orient Express, it ’ s often difficult to consider doing anything else. 旁白：一旦有人开始在东方快递工作，通常很难考虑做其他的事情。 Introvigne: “ It ’ s unique. It is. When you go into a train station, the people outside are looking at the train, and you can think that, you can sort of imagine them thinking how much they ’ d like to be on that train, and you ’ re on it. I mean you ’ re working onit, which is even better. I mean, it ’ s something very special. ” 英特罗维吉： 它是独一无二的。 它是。当你去火车站时， 外面的人都在看火车， 你可以认为， 你可以想象他们想在火车上，你是怎么想的呢。我的意思是你在工作，甚至更好。我是说， 这是很特别的事情。 ” Narrator: The people who travel and work on the Orient Express have a window-seat view of Europe passing before their eyes and a close-up of a bygone era surrounding them. When it comes to romance and adventure while traveling in style, none of the modern travel options of today can come close to a ride on the Orient 旁白：人们旅行和东方快车上的工作有一个靠窗的座位看欧洲前通过他们的眼睛和一个特写 镜头的一个旧时代的周围。 当它涉及到浪漫和冒险， 而旅行的风格， 没有现代的旅行选择今 天可以靠近一个骑在东方 Unit 4 The Varied Cultures of China Narrator: Outside of China, Han Chinese are often considered to be the sole culture of the country. While China ’ s population is predominately Han, it is actually composed of a number of ethnic minorities. These smaller groups are culturally distinct from the Han and several have separate languages and customs. Due to the current high levels of expansion and development in China, some feel it ’ s important to document these ethnic minorities before they ’ re lost. One person committed to recording the life of these fascinating peoples is Bryan Schmeck, a documentary filmmaker. 旁白： 在中国以外， 汉族通常被认为是国家的唯一文化。 而中国的人口主要是汉族，它实际 上是由一个少数民族。 这些较小的群体在文化上不同于汉族和几个有不同的语言和习俗。 由 于在中国的扩张和发展目前的高水平， 有些人觉得这是重要的文件， 这些少数民族在他们失 去了。一个人致力于这些迷人的人民的生活是布莱恩 Schmeck，纪录片制作人。 According to Schmeck, China ’ s nationalities, also known as “ the fifty-six nationalities of China ” , include the Han plus 55 other minority groups. To find them, one must travel to the far edges of China. Here, inhabitants have maintained a way of life with minimal changes over the centuries. 根据 Schmeck，中国少数民族，也被称为“中国的五十六个民族，包括汉族和其他少数民族 的 55。要找到他们，我们必须到中国的最边缘去旅行。在这里，居民们一直保持着一种生 活方式，以最小的变化，在过去的几个世纪。 In appearance and language, some cultures are distinctly different from those of mainstream China. The groups vary not only in the way they look and the languages they speak, but also in the arts, such as the songs and dances of their culture. For thousands of years, isolation has preserved their traditions, but now, even the most rural areas are joining the global village. 在外观和语言， 一些文化是明显不同于主流中国。 不同的群体不仅在他们的语言和他们说话 的方式， 而且在艺术， 如歌曲和舞蹈， 他们的文化。 几千年来， 隔离一直保留着他们的传统， 但现在，即使是大部分的农村地区也加入了地球村。 Brian Schmeck, Documentary Filmmaker: “ I mean, they see the outside world that they ’ ve never seen before and they like what they see. ” 布瑞恩 Schmeck，纪录片导演：“我的意思是， 他们看到外面的世界， 他们从来没有见过的， 他们喜欢他们所看到的。 ” Narrator: For a year and a half, filmmaker Bryan Schmeck has been traveling across China, rushing to complete a video archive of its minority cultures before they vanish. 旁白：一年半，导演布莱恩 Schmeck 已穿越中国，抢在它消失之前完成其民族文化的视频 档案。 Schmeck: “ Ten to fifteen years from now, you ’ re not going to see what I ’ m seeing. People themselves will still exist, but their ideas, their culture, their way of life will not. It ’ ll be gone, and it ’ s disappearing really fast. ” Schmeck：“十到十五年，你不会看到我所看到的。人们自己仍然存在，但他们的思想，他 们的文化，他们的生活方式将不。它会消失，它的消失真快。 ” Narrator: The MouSuo people of Yunnan Province are just one of the 55 minority nationalities. A matriarchal society in which women are at the center, they have no word for “ marriage ” . The cultural mores here differ significantly from the rest of the world. Less than a decade ago, this area was rarely visited by outsiders. Now, city residents like Mei Zhou come here as tourists. For urban Chinese, spending time in these charming villages gives them a chance to enjoy nature. As a result of people ’ s rising interest, local residents can now earn a living in the tourist industry and they truly seem to enjoy their work. 旁白：云南省的“某某”人只是少数民族中的一员。一个母系社会，女性在中心，他们没有 “婚姻”。这里的文化习俗差异显著从世界其他地方。不到十年前，这一地区很少被外人访 问。现在， 城市居民如梅周来这里作为游客。 对于城市的中国人， 在这些迷人的村庄里度过 的时光给了他们一个享受自然的机会。 由于人们的兴趣日益高涨， 当地居民现在可以谋生的 旅游业，他们真正的享受他们的工作。 The Naxi people have lived in this mountain village of northwestern Yunnan Province for at least 1,500 years. For most of that time, they ’ ve been largely cut off from other people, mainly because no road came near the village. A village leader says that children are now able to walk two hours to get to a new road to catch a bus to school. But he worries that after they receive an education, the young people may see no reason to come back. 纳西族人在云南省西北部的一座山上至少居住了 1500 年。大部分的时间，他们已经基本上 被切断从其他人，主要是因为没有路走到附近的村庄。一位村长说，孩子们现在可以走 2 个小时去一个新的道路， 赶上一辆公共汽车上学。 但他担心， 他们接受了教育后， 年轻人可 能会认为没有理由回来。 People throughout rural China are flooding into large cities, searching for things they know exist but can ’ t get out in the country. 中国农村地区的人都涌入大城市，寻找他们知道存在的东西，但在农村地区却找不到东西。 Schmeck: “ Modern conveniences, I mean nice housing. They like this and they want to go this way, so in a sense they ’ re getting a better life, but they ’ re forgetting where they came from. ” Schmeck：“现代的便利，我的意思是好的住房。他们喜欢这样，他们想走这种方式，所以 在一种感觉，他们得到一个更好的生活，但他们忘记了他们来自哪里。 Narrator: For many of the 55 minority nationalities of China, there seems to be a rush to conform to the rest of the country, and that ’ s not necessarily good if you believe that diversity is important. 对于许多中国的 55 个少数民族，似乎有一种与国家的其他国家的一致性，而这不一定是好 的，如果你相信多样性是重要的。 Schmeck: “ They ’ re going to be absorbed into mainstream China. You ’ re going to see it in a dinner theater or a floor show. Or you ’ re going to go up to a tourist park and a bunch of people will be putting on costumes to give you a little display of what was there. ” Schmeck：他们将成为中国的主流。你会在一个晚餐的剧院或者一个地板上看到它。或者你 要去一个旅游公园，一堆人会穿上盛装，给你一个小展示什么是那里。 Narrator: Increasingly, China and the rest of the world are facing change and globalization. To think minority peoples can be immune to that transition is unrealistic. As China charts its course through the 21st Century, it ’ s important that its 55 minority nationalities don’ t give up their cultural heritage or discard their ancient traditions for a new way of life. The varied cultures of China must be encouraged to preserve their history because it ’ s this diversity that enriches our world. 旁白：越来越多的中国和世界其他地区都面临着变化和全球化。 认为少数民族能对这种转变 有免疫力是不现实的。作为中国的第二十一个世纪的历程，它的重要的是，它的 55 个少数 民族不放弃他们的文化遗产或抛弃他们的古老传统的一种新的生活方式。 中国必须鼓励不同 的文化来保护他们的历史，因为它的多样性丰富了我们的世界。 Unit 5 Afghanistan's Heroic Artists Narrator: From 1996 to 2001, the Taliban ruled Afghanistan. During this period, the fundamentalist religious group destroyed several historic and religious works throughout the country due to strict religious interpretations. It was after the terrible destruction of one of the country ’ s most important cultural landmarks, the carvings of Buddha in Bamiyan, that doctor and famous Afghan artist Mohammad Yousef Asefi realized that the nation ’ s artistic works were under attack. 旁白：从 1996 到 2001，塔利班统治了阿富汗。在这期间，原教旨主义的宗教团体破坏了一 些历史和宗教作品遍及由于严格的宗教解释的国家。 这是一个国家最重要的文化地标的可怕 的破坏后， 在巴米扬佛像雕刻， 医生和著名的阿富汗艺术家穆罕默德优素福阿塞菲意识到民 族的艺术作品受到了攻击。 Mohammad Yousef Asefi, Art Rescuer: “ I became very sad when I heard that the statue in Bamiyan had been destroyed. A rumor was spreading that the artwork exhibited in the National Gallery and the National Museum would be the next victim. ” 穆罕默德说： “我的恩人阿塞菲，艺术变得非常伤心的时候，我听说在巴米扬佛像被毁。有 传言说，艺术品在国家美术馆展出，国家博物馆将成为下一个受害者。 ” Narrator: Asefi is a medical doctor and a well- known Afghan painter. For him, the Taliban ’ s rule of terror really hit home when the regime slashed and destroyed the artwork at the presidential palace and the ministry of foreign affairs. Some of the paintings destroyed were Asefi ’ s own. 旁白：阿塞菲是医生和阿富汗的知名画家。对于他来说，塔利班的恐怖统治确实打在家里， 当该政权在总统府和外交部的艺术作品被摧毁和摧毁。一些画了自己专门的破坏。 Asefi: “ I had painted my paintings with a lot of delicacy and now they were torn up or destroyed beyond repair. How could this happen? ” “我有专门：画我的画有很多美食， 现在他们被撕毁或无法修复的破坏。这怎么会发生？ “ Narrator: With the paintings of the National Gallery now at risk, Asefi formulated a plan that could have resulted in his death. He volunteered for a job in the National Gallery restoring paintings damaged during the wars preceding the Taliban ’ s rule. 旁白： 现在风险国家美术馆的画，专门制定了一个计划， 可能会导致他的死亡。他自愿在国 家美术馆的一个工作中恢复了在塔利班统治时期的战争中受损的绘画作品。 Once inside the gallery, Asefi needed an accomplice to help carry out his clever plan. He found one in a man named Enayet, a member of the National Gallery staff who shared Asefi ’ s contempt for the Taliban and his courage to take them on. Risking their lives, Enayet and other staff members brought endangered paintings to the room where Asefi worked. It was there that the real ingenuity of the plan became apparent. Since the Taliban forbade paintings that illustrated living things, Dr. Asefi simply made the offensive elements disappear. 一旦进入画廊， 阿塞菲需要帮凶帮助实施自己的聪明的计划。 他发现一个名叫 enayet，成员 共享的国家美术馆工作人员专门对塔利班和他的勇气去。 冒着生命危险， enayet 和其他工作 人员带来了濒危画阿塞菲工作所在的房间。 这是有真正的智慧的计划变得明显。 由于塔利班 禁止画说明生物博士，专门制作简单的进攻元素消失。 Asefi: “ I suddenly came up with the thought of using watercolors on top of oil paintings to hide the unacceptable parts. ” 阿塞菲说：“我突然想出了使用上的油画，水彩画的隐藏的思想无法接受的部分。 ” Narrator: Month after month, Asefi and his accomplices ran an art-rescue factory right under the noses of Taliban religious police. If the Taliban had found out what they were doing, both men — and other members of the staff — almost certainly would have been punished with death. 旁白：一个月后一个月， 专门和他的同伙跑了一个艺术救援厂对塔利班宗教警察的眼皮底下。 如果塔利班发现他们在做什么， 这两名男子和其他成员的工作人员 -几乎肯定会被判处死刑。 Enayet, National Gallery Employee: “ Whenever they would come, I would lock the door. The doctor was inside. He would stop his work, having understood that somebody was here. Naturally I was afraid because the Taliban were everywhere. ” enayet，国家画廊的员工： “只要他们能来，我会锁上门。医生在里面。他会停止工作，了 解到有人在这里。我很害怕，因为塔利班到处都是。 ” Narrator: Ultimately, Asefi ’sart-rescue team placed about 80 paintings back on display. The Taliban inspectors never noticed the team ’ s deception. When the Taliban ’ s brutal regime came to an end in 2001, museum staff members simply wiped off the watercolors from the oil paintings, and for the first time in generations, the rescued treasures were once again in full view. 旁白：最终，阿塞菲艺术救援队放置约 80 画上显示。塔利班城管队员从未注意到球队的欺 骗。当塔利班的残暴政权的结束 2001，博物馆工作人员只是擦水彩与油画，并在几代人中 的第一次，获救的宝藏再次在全视图。 Asefi: “ Despite all the suffering and hard work, our goal was to change something and we did it. ” 阿塞菲：“尽管所有的痛苦和努力，我们的目标是改变的东西，我们做到了。 ” Narrator: At Afghan Films, the national film archive, a group of filmmakers watches a show of film treasures once thought to be lost. During the Taliban ’ s rule, these artists were also victimized by the group ’ s extreme religious interpretations and the constant threat of having thousands of original film works destroyed because of their content. 旁白：在阿富汗电影， 国家电影档案馆， 一组电影人看了一部电影的珍品一旦被认为是丢失。 塔利班统治期间， 这些艺术家也由集团的极端宗教的解释和常有数以千计的作品原片威胁因 为他们破坏受害者的内容。 Kirimi, Afghan Films: “ We were very upset when the minister of the Taliban brought the order to burn the films. We felt our hearts pounding. We became emotional. ” kirimi ，阿富汗的电影： “我们都很沮丧的时候带来塔利班部长下令烧毁的电影。我们感到我 们的心在跳动。我们变得情绪化。 ” Mustafa, Afghan Films: “ Here. They burned the films here. We have the evidence. They burned them in front of me. That day, it was like a dearest friend is being killed in front of you. That day was the darkest and hardest day for us. ” 穆斯塔法，阿富汗的电影： “这里。他们在这里烧了电影。我们有证据。他们在我面前烧了 他们。 那一天， 它就像一个最亲爱的朋友在你面前被杀。 那一天是我们最黑暗和最艰难的日 子。” Sadaqui, Afghan Films: “ I became irrational. I decided to throw myself and the Minister of Information and Culture into the fire with the films. At that moment, one of my colleagues grabbed me and stopped me. ” sadaqui，阿富汗的电影： “我变得非理性。我决定把自己和信息和文化部部长的电影与电影 一起投入火中。在那一刻，我的一个同事抓住我，阻止我。 ” Narrator: But the artists had a secret. The staff had only given the Taliban film prints, which can be replaced, not film negatives, which cannot. But when there were no prints left to burn, the filmmakers knew the negative archive would be thrown into the fire as well. 旁白： 但是艺术家们有个秘密。 该工作人员只给了塔利班电影胶片，这可以被替换，而不是 底片底片， 不能。但是，当没有打印离开去燃烧， 电影制作者知道负面的档案将被扔进火中。 Sadaqui: “ We all had the same idea. That we had to preserve the archive of Afghan film at any price, even by paying with our lives. ” sadaqui：“我们都有同样的想法。我们必须不惜任何代价来维护阿富汗电影的档案，即使是 以我们的生活支付。 ” Narrator: But how were they going to hide the main archive, some 2,900 rolls of irreplaceable negatives? The filmmakers ’ plot was simple —brilliantly simple. 旁白：但是，他们要如何隐藏的主要档案，一些 2900 卷的不可替代的底片？电影人的情节 简单得很简单。 Mustafa: “ Come on, come on. ” 穆斯塔法：“来吧，来吧。 ” Narrator: They hid the archive by hiding the room. 旁白：他们藏在房间里藏起来了。 Mustafa: “ In order for no one to notice the door, we installed wallboard from here, to the ceiling, to here. 穆斯塔法：“为了没有人注意到门，我们从这里到安装墙板，天花板，这里。 Sadaqui: “ With the help of an electrician, we also disabled the lighting system so that the wall was darkened. ” sadaqui：“电工的帮助下，我们也是禁用的照明系统使壁变黑了。 ” Narrator: The religious police walked past the false wall dozens of times and never suspected the room was there. The film rescuers ’ lives were safe as long as their deception held, but if the Taliban ever found the hidden film negatives, there was no doubt that the men would be put to death. 旁白：宗教警察走过了一堵假墙，从不怀疑房间里有人。这部电影救援者的生活是安全的， 只要他们的欺骗，但如果塔利班发现了隐藏的电影底片，毫无疑问，男人将被处死。 Mustafa: “ The Taliban told us that, ‘ Even if a small piece of film was found, we will hang you or shoot you in the ditch where the archive was burned. ’” 穆斯塔法：“塔利班告诉我们，即使一小块膜被发现，我们会将你或把你沟的档案被烧毁。 ” Kirimi: “ The Taliban minister said, ‘ If we find another film here, we will burn it along with you. ’” kirimi ：“塔利班部长说， “如果我们找到另一个电影在这里，我们将它与你在一起。 ” Narrator: The threats of death did little to discourage the group of heroes. The artists remained brave and risked being discovered by one of the world ’ s most feared regimes. The Taliban ’ s demand for films to burn seemed to have no end. Month after month, the staff suffered through surprise inspections, terrified that their secret would be discovered. Many Afghan film lovers assumed that the entire film archive was lost. But when at last the Taliban regime collapsed, the archive ’ s rescuers brought the negatives out of hiding. 旁白： 死亡的威胁并没有使这群英雄们受到打击。 艺术家们依然勇敢， 冒着被世界上最可怕 的政权之一所发现的危险。 塔利班对电影的需求似乎没有结束。 月一个月后， 工作人员通过 突击检查，害怕他们的秘密会被发现。许多阿富汗电影爱好者认为，整个电影的存档丢失。 但是，当塔利班政权崩溃时，档案馆的救援人员把底片带出了隐藏。 Acclaimed as heroes, the courageous men were modest about what they had achieved. But they did save their Taliban ID cards, reminders of a time when they would have given their lives for the art they love. 被誉为英雄的勇敢的人们对他们所取得的成就都很谦虚。 但他们确实保存了他们的塔利班身 份证，提醒他们，他们会为他们所爱的艺术给予他们生命的时间。 Sadaqui: “ Even if we lost our heads, it would have been an honor and privilege. But we didn ’ t allow our heritage to be destroyed. Why? A country which has no culture has no history. ” sadaqui：“即使我们失去了我们的头脑，这将是一个荣誉和特权。但我们不允许我们的遗产 被破坏。为什么？一个没有文化的国家没有历史。 ” Unit 6 Natacha's Animal Rescue Narrator: The vast region of southern Namibia known as Fish River Canyon is a huge, open space. The area was once home to a rich number of big game animals, rhinoceros, cheetah, and Oryx, but all of that changed with the coming of modern times. Over the years, hunters, poachers, and farmers killed virtually all of the canyon ’ s animals for sport, for food, or to make room for livestock. Fortunately, there ’ s hope. Conservationist Natacha Bateau has a dream: to bring these animals back to their natural habitat and to allow them to move about freely once again. 旁白： 纳米比亚南部广大地区被称为 “鱼河峡谷” 是一个巨大的开放空间。 该地区曾经是一 个丰富的一些大型动物，犀牛，猎豹，和羚羊，但所有这一切改变随着现代时代的到来。多 年来，猎人，偷猎者和农民， 杀死了几乎所有的大峡谷的动物运动， 食物，或使房间的牲畜。 幸运的是， 有希望。 保育娜塔莎小舟有一个梦想： 让这些动物回到它们的自然栖息地， 让它 们自由活动再次。 Natacha Bateau, Conservationist: “ When I first came here, the game animals had been wiped out by man, and most of their predators also. So there were virtually no animals left. ” 娜塔莎小舟，环保主义者： “当我第一次来到这里，游戏的动物已被消灭的人，他们大部分 的食肉动物也。因此，几乎没有动物离开。 ” Narrator: A native of Paris, France, Natacha came to live alone in Fish River Canyon in 1995, but by that time it was far from paradise. Many people talk about restoring the wilderness, but Natacha is actively doing something about it. Rarely far from her leopard companion, Chemun, Natacha is committed to repopulating the lands near her home with the animals that used to live in the region. 旁白：一个土生土长的巴黎，法国，娜塔莎来独自生活在鱼河峡谷的 1995，但已经远离天 堂。很多人谈论恢复荒野，但娜塔莎是积极地做一些事情。她从豹的同伴， chemun 极少， 娜塔莎致力于重建的土地，她曾经生活在该地区的动物的家附近。 Natacha: “ To me, it ’ s important to relocate animals here because I would like to see this land go back to its natural state. ” 娜塔莎：“对我来说，重要的是将动物在这里是因为我想看看这地回到它的自然状态。 ” Narrator: Careful planning will be required to bring back the animals to a place like the canyon. For this complicated project, Natacha ’ s going to need allies. Ulf Tubbesing, one of Namibia ’ s best veterinarians, shares Natacha ’ s devotion to animals. He often works protecting them from being hunted or killed by farmers and cares for those that need new homes. Ulf was caring for the area ’ s animals. Natacha wanted to reintroduce species long gone from her land. The two animal advocates soon began to combine their efforts to help save animals and repopulate the region. 旁白： 精心的计划将被要求把动物带到一个像峡谷的地方。 这个复杂的工程， 娜塔莎需要盟 友。 ULF tubbesing，一纳米比亚最好的兽医，股娜塔莎的奉献的动物。他经常工作，保护他 们不被农民和照顾那些需要新家园的人来保护他们。 ULF是照顾地区的动物。 娜塔莎想重新 引入物种远离她的土地。两动物保护者们很快就开始共同努力，帮助拯救动物和填充区域。 Ulf Tubbesing, Veterinarian: “ Well, Natacha bought the farm some five years ago, and she ’ s been dreaming about building this thing up into —or reverting it back into —a natural state, the way it used to be a hundred years ago before man interfered. This is a very, very pristine and a very special area. It ’ s a very sensitive habitat, very sensitive ecology, very, very balanced plant life, and our entire aim, is to just re-establish that ecology and that ecosystem as it u sed to be. ” ULF tubbesing ，兽医：“嗯，娜塔莎买了一些五年前的农场，她一直梦想着建立这种事情成 或还原回来 into-a 自然状态，它使用的是一百年前的人干扰的方法。这是一个非常，非常原 始和非常特殊的地区。它是一个非常敏感的栖息地，非常敏感的生态， 非常， 非常平衡的植 物生命，我们的整个目标，就是要重新建立生态和生态系统，因为它曾经是。 ” Narrator: The first animals Ulf and Natacha relocated were springbok, which adapted easily to the landscape. 旁白：第一动物 ULF和娜塔莎搬迁是跳羚，这很容易适应景观。 Natacha: “ Hey! It ’ s a whole new world out here. ” 娜塔莎：“嘿！这是一个全新的世界。 ” Narrator: Later, the two conservationists captured and relocated a cheetah family. 旁白：后来，两者抓获并安置猎豹家族。 Ulf: “ It ’ s a very exciting project . . . to come back to a place year after year and start seeing more and more animals roaming around, and having the sensation that just about every wild animal that you see, we put in here. You sort of touched them all with your own hands. You physically worked hard on them to get them here. It ’ s great. ” Ulf：“这是一个非常令人兴奋的项目。 ..回到一个地方，一年后，开始看到越来越多的动物 四处漫游， 并有感觉， 你看到的每一个野生动物， 我们把在这里。 你用自己的双手触摸他们。 你在身体上工作很努力，让他们在这里得到他们。太好了。 ” Narrator: But, those early relocations were simple compared with their latest plan. Ulf and Natacha are going to try to capture and transport the world ’ s tallest animals: giraffes. Size alone is a tremendous challenge. Giraffes are five and a half meters tall. In addition, these creatures have better eyesight than any game animal in Africa and, if they see danger coming, they can run away at over 55 kilometers an hour. In fact, they have only two enemies: lions and humans. 旁白：但是，他们的最新计划相比早期那些搬迁的简单。 ULF和娜塔莎要捕获和运输的世界 上最高的动物：长颈鹿。单独规模是一个巨大的挑战。长颈鹿有五个半米高。此外，这些动 物的视力比非洲的任何动物都好，如果他们看到危险的到来，他们可以在 55 多公里外跑。 事实上，他们只有 2 个敌人：狮子和人类。 The giraffes of Fish River Canyon were completely wiped out long ago for their meat and skin. As a result, few giraffes roam the regions of southern Namibia these days but Natacha and Ulf are hoping to change that. 650 kilometers north, the number of giraffes is growing quickly and many are being kept in overcrowded game parks. By taking the giraffes from the north and relocating them to Fish River Canyon, Natacha and Ulf may be able to help, but only if they can capture and transport them safely. Natacha carefully examines the area for potential places where they can release the giraffes. 鱼河峡谷的长颈鹿被彻底消灭了很久以前他们的肉和皮。 因此，一些长颈鹿漫游地区纳米比 亚南部这几天但娜塔莎和 ULF希望改变。 北 650 公里， 长颈鹿的数量正在迅速增长， 许多被 关在拥挤的游乐园。 由北以长颈鹿和搬迁到鱼河峡谷， 娜塔莎和 ULF可以帮助， 但只有当他 们可以捕获和运输安全。娜塔莎审视地区潜在的地方可以释放的长颈鹿。 Natacha: “ Now we’ re looking for the right spot to release the giraffes, and the elements to look for are accessibility . . . and the availability of water —not very far —trees. And have a lot of space, and they should be more than happy, I sho uld think. ” 娜塔莎：“现在我们正在寻找释放的长颈鹿的正确位置， 并寻找元素的可访问性。 ..和水的可 用性不是很远的树木。而且有很多的空间，他们应该比幸福，我想。 ” Narrator: The first task completed, Natacha must now compile the team that will help her with the rescue. In Namibia, veterinarian Hermann Scherer is the man to see when one wants to catch a giraffe. A superb marksman, his tremendous skill has allowed him to specialize in capturing live wild animals, particularly giraffes. Hermann and his team have joined Natacha and Ulf at a wild animal conservation area in northern Namibia. They have only 12 hours to fill a trailer with giraffes for transport. But of course they have to catch them first. They need to carefully select which animals will be taken back. They must be the right age and strong enough to survive being hunted and injected with a powerful drug to make them sleep. The team will have only a few minutes to catch the giraffes and get them ready for transport before giving them another drug to wake them up. If there are any complications, the giraffes could easily die. 旁白： 第一个任务完成， 娜塔莎现在必须编译团队将帮助她与救援。在纳米比亚， 兽医赫尔 曼 Scherer 是男人看的时候要抓一只长颈鹿。一个出色的射手，他的巨大的技能使他专注于 捕捉活的野生动物，尤其是长颈鹿。赫尔曼和他的团队已经加入了娜塔莎和 Ulf 在野生动物 保护区在纳米比亚北部。他们只有 12 小时来填补拖车运输与长颈鹿。当然，他们必须先抓 住他们。 他们需要仔细选择哪些动物会被带回来。 他们必须是正确的年龄和强大的生存， 并 注入了强大的药物， 使他们睡觉。 球队将只有几分钟赶上长颈鹿和之前给他们另一种药物来 唤醒他们，他们准备运输。如果有任何并发症，长颈鹿很容易死。 As expected, the difficulty with the plan lies with the giraffe ’ s exceptional eyesight and of course its height and speed. It ’ s going to be difficult for Hermann to shoot the animal from a great distance, but luckily that won’ t stop this excellent marksman. After searching some time, the team finally comes upon a pair of giraffes far out in the grasslands. The animals have not yet noticed the team, so Hermann takes the opportunity. 正如预期的那样，计划的难度在于长颈鹿的特殊视力，当然， 它的高度和速度。它将赫尔曼 从一个伟大的距离拍摄的动物是很困难的， 但幸运的是， 这不会阻止这个优秀的射手。 在搜 索一些时间， 球队终于在一对在遥远的草原上的长颈鹿。 动物们还没有注意到这个团队， 所 以赫尔曼需要这个机会。 Ulf: “That was a really nice hit. Now we just have to wait and see . . . and wait for the dart to take effect. ” Ulf：“这是一个非常好的打。现在我们只需要等待和看到。 ..并等待“反应”的生效。 ” Hermann Scherer, Veterina rian: “ OK, now it ’ s action time. ” 赫尔曼 Scherer，兽医：“好了，现在是行动的时候了。 ” Narrator: The male giraffe flees in fear. The team follows closely behind. As the animal begins to slow, the truck pulls slowly up beside him and a team member carefully slips a special type of rope over its head— they ’ ve got him! Once the team has caught the animal, they must work quickly to ensure that the giraffe ’ s enormous head remains upright. If its head falls down or bends sharply, the giraffe won ’ t be able to breathe properly —and may die. When the men have positioned the 900-kilogram animal correctly, Ulf gives it another drug to wake it up. They begin to prepare the giraffe for transport. Again, they must hurry, as the giraffe will soon regain his senses. They cover the animal ’ s ears and put a mask over his head to keep him calm. The men have also tied ropes to the animal ’ s neck and legs in order to help guide him to the trailer. 旁白： 雄性长颈鹿逃离恐惧。球队紧随其后。 当动物开始缓慢的时候， 卡车在他旁边慢慢地 拉着， 一个团队成员仔细地在其头上滑了一种特殊的绳子， 他们已经让他了！ 一旦这个队抓 住了这个动物， 他们必须迅速的工作， 以确保长颈鹿的巨大的头仍然是直立的。 如果它的头 掉下来或弯曲，长颈鹿就不能正常呼吸，可能会死。当男人把 900 公斤的动物正确， ULF 赋 予它另一种药物来唤醒它。他们开始准备长颈鹿的运输。 再次，他们必须赶快，因为长颈鹿 将很快恢复他的感觉。 他们用动物的耳朵盖上了一个面具， 让他保持镇静。 男人们还把绳子 绑在动物的脖子和腿上，以帮助引导他去拖车。 Hermann: “ Natacha, congratulations! You are the owner of one bull. ” 赫尔曼：“娜塔莎，恭喜！你是一头公牛的主人。 ” Narrator: The team proceeds with their plan and manages to catch a second giraffe using the same techniques. They must now begin the 800-kilometer drive to Fish River Canyon, driving day and night to get there as quickly as possible. Finally, after a nonstop journey of 20 hours over extremely rough roads, the team and the giraffes arrive at the spot previously chosen by Natacha. 讲述者： 这个小组利用他们的计划进行了计划， 并设法用相同的技术捕捉到一只长颈鹿。 他 们现在必须开始 800 公里的驱动器， 以鱼河峡谷， 驾驶一天和晚上尽可能快地到达那里。 最 后，一个不间断的 20 小时在极为崎岖的道路的旅程后，球队和长颈鹿到娜塔莎之前选择的 点。 Natacha: “ This is the spot, yes . . . near those big trees. ” 娜塔莎：“这是一点，是的。 ..靠近那些大树。 ” Ulf: “ There ’ s a lot of moisture in the leaves. You can see how nice and lush green the trees are. ” Ulf：“叶中有很多水分。你可以看到树木是多么的漂亮和茂盛。 ” Natacha: “ . . . It can be pretty much where you think. ” 娜塔莎：”。 ..它可以在你的想法。 ” Narrator: The place has everything: life-sustaining water, trees for food, and most importantly, no guns. Each rescue comes down to this moment. Now, the most delicate —and tense —part of the rescue takes place. Will the giraffes take those first big steps to freedom? 旁白：这个地方有一切：生命维持水，树木的食物，最重要的是，没有枪。每一次救援都归 结于这一刻。 现在，最微妙和紧张的一部分救援需要的地方。 将长颈鹿做第一大步骤的自由？ Ulf: “ They ’ re going to turn around and kick, ay? You ’ ve got to watch it, eh? They can be nasty. ” Ulf：“他们会转身踢，啊？你得看了，嗯？他们可能是讨厌的。 ” Narrator: After a few tense moments, the giraffe walks slowly out of the trailer, uncertain at first, but then with more confidence. 旁白：经过几个紧张的时刻， 长颈鹿慢慢走出了拖车， 不确定的第一， 但随后有更多的信心。 Natacha: “ I ’ m always very happy that the animal comes here in good shape. And when you can take them out of the truck one by one, you see them full of life and bouncing around and running . . . running away. That ’ s wonderful. And you know that here they ’ re going to have probably the best life they can have. ” 娜塔莎：“我总是很高兴的动物来这里好。当你可以一个一个的把他们从卡车上，你看到他 们充满生命和跳跃和运行。 ..逃跑。那是美妙的。你知道，在这里，他们将有可能是他们所 能拥有的最好的生活。 ” Ulf: “ It ’ s the most incredible feeling. It ’ s like you are so physically exhausted . . . you ’ re totally euphoric. It ’ s a feeling of real achievement, you know, of really having done something positive. ” Ulf：“这是最令人难以置信的感觉。这就像你是如此的身体疲惫。 ..你完全陶醉。这是一种 真正的成就感，你知道，真正做了一些积极的事情。 ” Narrator: Natacha hopes for another positive outcome from the giraffe rescue: that the giraffes will breed and add to the giraffe population. Perhaps they ’ ll be the beginning of new herd in this area. 旁白：娜塔莎希望从挽救另一个积极的结果：长颈鹿，长颈鹿，长颈鹿繁殖增加人口。也许 他们将是这方面的新的开始。 Although Natacha and Ulf are enthusiastic about the giraffe project ’ s success thus far, they aren ’ t planning on sitting back and doing nothing now that it ’ s been completed. Next, Natasha and Ulf are planning to bring back the rare black rhinoceros. The black rhino has lived in Fish River Canyon before, and Natacha believes that it should be given a chance to return to the place where it once belonged. 尽管娜塔莎和 Ulf 是热心的长颈鹿项目的成功，到目前为止，他们不打算坐在后面，什么都 不做，现在，它已经完成了。接下来，娜塔莎和 Ulf 打算带回稀有的黑犀牛。黑犀牛生活在 鱼河峡谷之前，和娜塔莎认为它应该被给予一个机会，回到了曾经属于它的地方。 Natacha: “ We try and introduce species that should be here, or that have been here before, and just see how they go . . . and how they do. ” 娜塔莎：“我们尝试引入的物种，应该在这里，或者说已经来过这里，只是看他们如何去。 .. 他们怎么做的。 ” Narrator: Whatever happens in the future, Natacha is certain she ’ s doing the right thing. 旁白：在未来，无论发生什么事，娜塔莎肯定她是做正确的事。 Natacha: “ It matters to me to know every morning that I wake up that I ’ m going to do something exciting, that I am where I am happy to be, that I live a way of life that I have chosen. It ’ s wonderful. It ’ s the dream becoming a reality in a way. It ’ s the purpose of being here. ” 娜塔莎：“这对我来说很重要，要知道每一个早上，我醒来，我会做一些令人兴奋的，我在 那里我很高兴， 我的生活是一种生活方式， 我选择了。 它的精彩。 这是梦想成为现实的方式。 这就是存在的目的。 ” Narrator: In working for the conservation of these beautiful and unusual animals, this young woman who grew up in a distant European city is realizing her childhood dreams and finding her true purpose in the vast wilderness of Africa. 旁白： 为了保护这些美丽而不寻常的动物， 这个年轻的女人在一个遥远的欧洲城市长大， 正 在实现她的童年梦想，并在非洲广袤的荒野中找到她的真正目的。 Unit 7 Firewalking Narrator: In the northern Greek village of AgiaEleni, an annual spring festival is in progress. Greek Orthodox priests lead a church service to worship Saint Constantine, the man responsible for bringing the Christian religion to the Roman Empire. But when the Orthodox ceremony ends, another ritual commence s. One that the church calls “ pagan ” and “ sacrilegious. ” It is a thousand-year-old ceremony in which practitioners test their faith in a walk —through fire. 旁白：在 AgiaEleni 希腊北部的村庄，每年的春节是在进步。希腊东正教牧师带领教会服务 崇拜圣君士坦丁， 负责把基督教的罗马帝国的人。 但是当正统的仪式结束， 另一个仪式的开 始。一个教会所谓的“异教徒”和“亵渎” 。这是一千岁的仪式中，从业人员测试他们的信 仰一个赴汤蹈火。 For much of the year, the village of AgiaEleni is a quaint little town with a population of just 700 people. Many of its residents, like 54-year-old Kyriakos Patsos, feel extremely lucky to live here. Most of the time, Kyriakos lives quietly, but at festival times, Kyriakos becomes the chief icon bearer in a firewalking festival called the “ Anastenaria. ” 一年多，AgiaEleni 村是一个古朴的小城镇人口只有 700 人。许多居民，像 54 岁的免费 patsos， 觉得住在这里很幸运。大部分的时间，该平静地生活，但在节日期间， 免费成为首席图标承 载在防火墙节称为“ anastenaria。” The ritual centers on a set of ancient icons that worshippers believe have special powers to heal and protect. One story claims that a thousand years ago, worshippers rescued the icons from a burning church, escaping from the flames miraculously unharmed. Ever since, the descendants of those worshippers have carried the icons into the fire to prove their faith — and to seek blessings from Saint Constantine. 仪式中心的一套古图标， 信徒们相信有特殊的能力来治愈和保护。 有个故事说一千年前， 信 徒们从燃烧的教堂救出图标， 从火海逃生奇迹般地。 从此， 那些崇拜者的后代进行了图标在 火中证明自己的信仰，从圣君士坦丁求祝福。 But others view the ritual as sacrilege, a pagan custom that has survived days from long ago. Both the firewalking itself and risking the holy icons are thought to show disrespect. 但也有人认为， 礼为亵渎， 一个异教徒的习俗已存活的日子从很久以前。 无论是防火墙本身 和冒着神圣的图标被认为不尊重。 Kyriakos Patsos, Chief Anastenarian Icon Bearer: “ People who oppose the tradition dislike the fact that we take the icons along in the fire. That ’ s why they claim the tradition is pagan. ” 该 patsos，首席 anastenarian 图标的旗手： “谁反对传统的人不喜欢的事实，我们把图标在 火。这就是为什么他们声称这个传统是异教徒的。 ” Narrator: Kyriakos has firewalked most of his life but for others, faith came later in life. Sotiris Panagiotou had long admired the firewalkers, but never expected to do it himself —until the day that he almost lost his life. Sotiris, a car mechanic, spent years working in the closed environment of his garage. His job exposed him to dangerous fumes that ultimately damaged his heart. Then one day at work, he suffered a heart attack and was rushed to the hospital. 旁白：该有 firewalked 他的大部分生活但对另一些人来说，信仰是在以后的生活中。 Sotiris 该长期以来一直非常欣赏者， 但没想到自己做这件事之前， 他几乎失去了生活的一天。 Sotiris， 汽车技师，多年来在他的车库里，封闭的环境中工作。他的工作使他暴露出他内心的危险， 最终损害了他的心。有一天在工作中，他遭受了心脏病发作，被送往医院。 Sotiris underwent emergency heart surgery in an attempt to repair the serious condition. He was only 41 years old. His wife lit candles in church, asking Saint Constantine to spare her husband ’ s life. Luckily, Sortiris survived. During his recovery, Sotiris attended the Anastenaria ritual and felt a calling to walk across the hot coals. Sotiris 接受紧急心脏手术以修复严重的情况。他只有 41 岁。他的妻子点燃蜡烛在教堂里， 问圣君士坦丁饶她丈夫的生命。幸运的是， sortiris 幸存。在他康复期间，出席仪式并 anastenaria 索蒂里斯觉得呼吁走过火炭。 Sotiris Panagiotou, Firewalker: “ I went there and I lit a candle, and while the firewalking was happening, I felt the power to take off my shoes and I joined the rest. ” Sotiris 该，火焰行者： “我去那里，我点燃了一支蜡烛，而防火墙是发生的，我觉得能脱掉 我的鞋子和我一起休息。 ” Narrator: Sotiris was unharmed by the hot coals, and since that day he has become a firewalker. 旁白：索蒂里斯安然无恙的热煤，从那天起，他已经成为了一个火焰行者。 Back at the festival, as sunset approaches, worshippers build a huge fire and the ceremony begins. As always, it sta rts with ancient folk songs played on traditional lyres. It ’ s powerful music that touches the believer ’ s hearts and moves their feelings and senses. It creates a powerful spiritual atmosphere. For many, dancing is a form of confession, and as the evening progresses, guilt and other emotions can become too much. Seventy-two-year-old IroHandjantonieu is moved to tears by the weight of her sins. Iro, who lives in Athens, has attended the Anastenaria every year since 1968, but tonight will be a particularly challenging test of her faith. 在节日期间，随着日落的临近， 信徒们建立一个巨大的火仪式开始。一如既往，它从古代民 歌在传统的七弦琴。 它是强大的音乐，触动了信徒的心， 感动他们的感觉和感觉。 它创造了 强大的精神氛围。对许多，跳舞是一种忏悔的形式，作为晚上的进步， 内疚和其他情绪可以 变得太多。七零二岁的铁 handjantonieu 是由她罪恶的重量感动落泪。铁，谁住在雅典，参 加 anastenaria 自 1968 每年，但今晚将是一个特别具有挑战性的测试她的信仰。 Kyriakos picks up the sacred icon. The Saint and the dancers ’ faith in him are the only protection the Anastenarians will take into the fire. While the Orthodox Church may not approve of firewalking, Anastenarians still see it as a way to receive blessings from Saint Constantine. A light wind has made the coals bright and extremely hot as they ’ re spread into a glowing circle. The firewalkers form a small procession. As the bearer of the holy icon, Kyriakos must lead the way. 该拿起神圣的图标。圣人和舞者的信他是唯一的保护 anastenarians 将火。而东正教可能不 赞成防火墙， anastenarians 仍然把它作为一种从圣君士坦丁接受祝福。 一个光的风使煤变成 了一种光亮，而且非常热，因为它们被扩散成一个发光的圆。 者形成一个小的游行。作为神 圣的图标的人，该必须带头。 He will cross the hot coals first from north to south; he ’ ll then make a second pass, from east to west. His steps form a symbol of a holy cross, and he seems to show no indication of pain. The spiritual actual act of firewalking is surrounded in mystery and analyzed by skeptics. One expert reports that there have been several cases of people trying to walk across coals without ceremony or ritual that have resulted in severe burns. However, when participating in a ritual with others, a certain energy in the group is created that often elevates the spirit. 他将先从北向南穿过， 然后再从东到西。 他的脚步是一个神圣十字架的象征， 他似乎没有显 示出任何痛苦的迹象。 对防火墙的实际行动， 包围在神秘的精神的怀疑论者。 一位专家 说，有几个案件的人试图走在煤没有仪式或仪式，导致严重烧伤。 然而， 当参加仪式的 人，一定能在集团创建，经常提升精神。 One by one, the followers of Saint Constantine step across the hot coals. Sotiris, the mechanic, takes his turn. But there is one worshipper who’ s having trouble taking that first step. IroHandjantonieu stands frozen on the edge of the fire. Her eyesight is weak and her faith is uncertain. Others warn her not to cross, saying that doubt and hesitation can lead to serious injury. 一个接一个，圣君士坦丁一步跨越火炭的追随者。 Sotiris，技工，轮到他。但有一个礼拜的 人很难迈出第一步。铁 handjantonieu 站冻结在火的边缘。她的视力很弱，她的信仰是不确 定的。其他人警告她不要过，说怀疑和犹豫会导致严重的伤害。 Kyriakos: “ You cannot persuade anyone to enter the fire. If someone isn ’ t ready, they cannot do it. ” 免费：“你无法说服任何人进入火灾。如果有人还没有准备好，他们就不能这样做。 ” Narrator: For the weak of heart time is running out. The fire is dying, and it won ’ t be lit again for another year. 旁白：对于心脏虚弱的时间正在耗尽。火快死了，再也不能再点燃一年。 Iro: “ I didn ’ t think I would do it. I said my prayers, but they didn ’ t help. My eyesight is so poor these days, so my son led me across. I helped him years ago; he helps me today. ” 铁：“我不认为我会做的。我说我的祈祷，但他们没有帮助。这些天我的视力很差，所以我 的儿子领我穿过。我帮助他几年前，他帮助我。 ” Narrator: Iro has completed her test of faith, but the night is not over. The ceremony continues until the hot coals are nearly stamped out. The atmosphere is a joyful one. Kyriakos, Sotiris, and everyone who managed to walk across the coals are thrilled that their faith carried them through the test. 旁白： 铁已经完成了她对信仰的考验，但夜晚还没有结束。仪式继续下去， 直到热煤几乎被 消灭。气氛是快乐的。免费， Sotiris，和每个人都设法穿过煤很高兴，他们的信仰，他们通 过了测试。 Many of the spectators though are skeptical. Science has offered possible explanations about firewalking. One is that sweat from the body forms a protective layer between the skin and coal. But as one expert notes, while science may be a powerful way of explaining what happens, it ’ s not necessarily the only — or the most interesting — way to explain things. 许多观众虽然是持怀疑态度的。 科学提供了可能的解释关于防火墙。 一是身体的汗水在皮肤 和煤炭之间形成一个保护层。 但正如一位专家指出的那样， 科学或许是解释发生了什么的强 有力的方法，它不一定是唯一或最有趣的解释事物的方法。 Back at the shrine, the faithful need no further explanation. They could ’ ve been badly burned, but they seem to be untouched and completely fine. Sotiris is convinced that his faith — and his readiness to test it — has prolonged his life, and given him time with the grandson he might never have seen. 在靖国神社，信徒不需要进一步解释。他们可能已经被严重烧伤，但他们似乎是未接触过， 完全罚款。 Sotiris 坚信他的信仰，他准备检验它延长了他的生命，并给了他时间与孙子他可 能从未见过。 For Kyriakos, there ’ s a sense that he ’ s completed his duty to the village. He believes that by taking the test of fire, the firewalkers have ensured the blessings of Saint Constantine for the community for another year. 为免费，有一种感觉，他完成了他的任务的村。他认为，通过火的考验，这保证了圣君士坦 丁者祈福一年社区。 Unit 8 Living in the Slow Lane Narrator: The fertile hills between Florence and Siena: home to some of the world ’ s best-known vineyards. This is Chianti, one of Italy ’ s most famous wine regions. Near its center, one can find the quaint little town of Greve. Greve in Chianti, or Greve, is a quiet, modest town with a population of a few thousand. It ’ s a regional center for the trading of wine and various types of produce and cheeses. But while it ’ s full of activity, it ’ s also a village that appreciates tradition. The town ’ s culture is inherently slow, which has helped to make Greve an official Slow City and part of an organized Slow Movement. 旁白： 佛罗伦萨和锡耶纳之间肥沃的山： 家里的一些世界上最知名的葡萄园。这是酒， 是意 大利最著名的葡萄酒产区。其中心附近， 可以发现公司的古朴的小镇。 在康帝格雷奥， 或公 司，是一个安静， 温和的城镇人口有几千。 这是一个区域中心的葡萄酒和各种类型的生产和 奶酪的交易。但虽然它充满活力，它也是一个村庄，欣赏传统。该镇的文化本质上是慢的， 这有助于使公司官方慢城市和一个有组织的缓慢运动的一部分。 Paolo Saturnini, Mayor of Greve: “ Our challenge and our duty, is to try to maintain the soul, the essence, the ‘ specialness ’ of Greve in Chianti and all the other Slow Cities. ” 保罗· 沙特尼尼， 市长：“我们面临的挑战和我们公司的责任， 就是要努力保持灵魂， 本质， 在酒的“特殊”公司和所有其他慢的城市。 ” Narrator: These unusual cities are vetted according to carefully selected criteria. The manifesto of the movement is to improve the quality of life in smaller towns and villages and to resist the globalized atmosphere of the big cities. 旁白： 这些不寻常的城市进行审查， 根据精心挑选的标准。 运动的宣言是为了提高小城镇和 乡村的生活质量，抵制大城市的全球化氛围。 Narrator: Alongside the Slow City movement, another movement has developed: the Slow Food movement. Its practitioners aim to preserve the pleasures of good, locally grown, high quality food that is prepared slowly and carefully. Now the movement has gone international, having more than 80,000 members in over 100 countries worldwide. 旁白： 伴随着缓慢的城市运动， 另一个运动已经发展了： 慢食运动。它的从业人员的目标是 保持良好的快乐，当地种植，高质量的食物，准备缓慢和小心。现在，这一运动已经在国际 上已经走了 80000 多个国家的 100 多个成员国。 SandroCheccuci, Greve Resident: “ It ’ s very nice to live here, because we have a nice atmosphere, we have nice landscapes, and so, when you have nice things to see, a nice place t o live in, it ’ s very easy. ” 桑德罗 checcuci，格雷夫居民： “住在这里很好，因为我们有一个很好的气氛，我们有很好 的风景，所以，当你有好东西可以看，一个生活的好地方，这是很容易的。 ” Narrator: Chef Salvatore Toscano left the fast life behind. He used to manage an American-style restaurant in Florence, where he spent his days serving up hamburgers. Five years ago, he left all that behind and moved to Greve, where he ’ s opened a new restaurant. 旁白：厨师塞尔瓦托 Toscano离开快速的生活背后。他用来管理在佛罗伦萨的美国风格的餐 厅，在那里他度过了他的天提供汉堡包。五年前，他离开这一切的背后，搬到了公司，他在 那里开了一家新餐厅。 Salvatore Toscano, Slow Food Chef: “ It means taking the time. Finding the rhythm that lets you live more calmly in a lot of ways, starting, of course, with what you eat. ” 塞尔瓦托 Toscano，慢食的厨师：“这意味着花时间。 找到让你活得更冷静的节奏， 从很多方 面入手，当然，你要吃什么。 ” Narrator: Another local example of slow food lies in the mountains of Pistoia in northern Tuscany. Here, generations of farmers have produced a magnificent pecorino cheese that is said to be delightfully unique. Made from the raw milk of black sheep, the cheese is hand-molded twice a day. The process is long and labor-intensive as each cheese is individually pressed and shaped—but of course, the result of all that labor and care can be uniformly delicious. The tradition was dying out until the Slow Food movement stepped in with a special promotion to organize the farmers and promote the cheese. These days, cheese production is on the increase again, and cheese makers like LuanaPagliai have been able to continue making and selling their own pecorino. 旁白： 慢食当地另一个例子是在托斯卡纳北部的山脉皮斯托亚。 在这里， 一代又一代的农民 产生一个宏伟的佩科里诺干酪， 据说是讨人喜欢的独特。 由黑羊的原料奶制成， 奶酪是手工 制作的一天两次。 这个过程是漫长的， 劳动密集型的， 因为每一个奶酪是单独地挤压和塑造 的，但当然，所有的劳动和照顾的结果可以均匀地美味。 这一传统正在消亡，直到慢食运动 在一个特别的促进， 组织农民和促进奶酪。这些天，奶酪生产是增加了，和奶酪制造商像卢 瓦纳帕利艾已经能够继续生产和销售自己的羊。 LuanaPagliai, Cheese Maker: “ It ’ s brought us a kind of fame. Not everyone knew about our product. The project is getting us noticed. ” 这帕利艾，奶酪生产商： “这给我们带来了一种名声。不是每个人都知道我们的产品。这个 项目让我们注意到了。 ” Luciano Bertini, Slow Food Farmer: “ From Singapore to New York and Rome, you always find the same pizza, the same hamburge rs. Slow food doesn ’ t want this. Slow food wants the specialness of every product to be respected. ” 卢西亚诺公司，慢食的农民： “从新加坡到纽约和罗马，你总能找到相同的披萨，同样的汉 堡。慢食不想要这个。慢食让每一件产品的特殊性必须得到尊重。 ” Narrator: The residents of Greve and other Slow Cities could be on to something. The y’ re making an effort to maintain a high quality of life, and to prevent the world from becoming bland. While it might seem an unusual approach for some, their way of thinking may just be what the world needs. In years to come these people may be able to look back with great satisfaction. They will have been enjoying life while most of the rest of the world has been rushing through it. 旁白： 对公司和其他慢城市的居民可以到的东西。 他们正在努力维持一个高质量的生活， 并 防止世界变得温和。 虽然这对一些来说似乎是一个不寻常的做法， 但他们的思维方式可能只 是世界需要的东西。 在这些年来，这些人可能会很满意地回顾一下。他们将享受生活， 而世 界上的大多数人都在经历着它。 Unit 9 Alternative Energy Narrator: The world seems to have an insatiable appetite for oil, electricity, and natural gas, but now, due to energy costs and global warming, scientists are looking to the wind, sun, and agricultural products to power our future. According to some researchers, wind power is becoming a more viable energy source. 旁白：世界似乎有一个贪得无厌的石油， 电力，天然气， 但现在， 由于能源成本和全球变暖， 科学家们正在寻找风，太阳，和农产品的力量我们的未来。据一些研究人员说，风力发电正 在成为一种更为可行的能源。 Sandy Butterfield, Wind Technology Expert: “ I think the past perception was that wind energy was nice, but not a real solution. That perception is changing. I see wind energy getting more and more competitive. ” 沙巴特菲尔德， 风技术专家：“我认为过去的看法是， 风能是好的， 但不是真正的解决。 这种看法正在改变。我看到风能越来越有竞争力。 ” Narrator: At the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado, discovering alternative power sources that are competitive with fossil fuels has been a mission of scientists since the U.S. energy crisis of the 1970s. Scientists here also create solar cells that are far more efficient than those currently available to the public. They believe that the market for this technology is about to increase significantly. 旁白： 在黄金， 科罗拉多的国家可再生能源实验室， 寻找替代能源是化石燃料的竞争已经是 一个使命的科学家在上世纪 70 年代美国能源危机以来。 这里的科学家也创造了太阳能电池， 远比目前向公众提供更高效。他们认为，市场对于这一技术的增长将明显增加。 John Brenner, National Renewable Energy Laboratory: “ Recent polls have shown that about seventy-five percent of the population would favor the use of solar power, clean power, and would like to see more of it happening. ” 约翰布伦纳，国家可再生能源实验室： “最近的民意调查显示，约百分之七十五的人口将有 利于太阳能发电，使用清洁能源，并希望看到更多这样的事情发生。 ” Narrator: Solar power has been around for centuries, but while the public says they like the idea of harnessing solar power and incorporating it into their daily lives, the reality for many seems to be that it ’ s something reserved for the future, not now. 旁白：太阳能发电已经存在几百年了， 但是当公众说他们喜欢利用太阳能并将其纳入日常生 活，现实中许多人似乎认为它是为未来而预留的东西。 Larry Kazmerski, Photovoltaic Technology Expert: “ Sometimes, you know, you worry that they think that this is only a fringe, but it ’ s not. Photovoltaic, solar electricity, is becoming a technology that is becoming cost- effective for us as consumers in the United States. ” 拉里 kazmerski，光伏技术专家： “有时候，你知道，你的担心，他们认为这是一个边缘，但 它不是。 光伏发电， 太阳能发电， 正在成为一种技术， 在美国成为美国消费者的成本效益。 ” Narrator: In many people ’ s opinions, it often takes a crisis for things to change. 在许多人的观点中，这往往需要一场危机来改变。 Kazmerski: “ When your electricity doesn ’ t come on in California, you start looking very, very quickly! ” kazmerski：“当你的电不来加利福尼亚，你就会非常，非常迅速！ “ Narrator: For some, home use of solar power is now becoming more than just an abstract idea. When Jonathon Sawyer ’ s solar electric system was first installed, it was believed to be the largest residential solar system in the U.S. This is likely due to the fact that solar power had not been widely promoted at the time. It ’ s so efficient that he actually sells electricity back to his local power company. 旁白：对于一些人， 太阳能发电的使用现在正变得越来越不只是一个抽象的想法。 当 Jonathon Sawyer 的太阳能电力系统第一次被安装，它被认为是最大的住宅太阳能系统在美国，这可 能是由于太阳能没有被广泛推广的时候。他真的很有效率，把电力卖给了当地电力公司。 Jonathon Sawyer, Solar Homeowner: “ I also feel good because I ’ ve always been committed about the environment and doing something, and we have to start as individuals to do things. ” 乔纳森 Sawyer，太阳能房屋： “我也觉得很好，因为我一直致力于环境和做的事情，我们必 须从个人做起。 ” Narrator: But individuals can only do so much. Researchers claim that for renewable energy to truly make a difference, it must be used on a large scale. 旁白：但是个人只能这么做。研究人员声称，对于可再生能源来说，要真正做到这一区别， 必须大规模使用。 Reporter on Renewable Energy Sources: “ This is a solar concentrator. The mirrors focus the sun ’ s rays into a narrow beam which turns an engine and provides electricity. Tough to get in the backyard? Sure. But a power company could probably find a place for it. ” 记者对可再生能源： “这是一个太阳能集。镜子把太阳的光线集中到一个狭窄的光线中，它 会变成一个发动机，并提供电力。难在后院？当然但电力公司可能会找到一个地方。 ” Narrator: The U.S. and other countries often lacked a great sense of urgency to find energy alternatives. For decades, gasoline prices had been kept low with government subsidies so people continued driving large cars, usually alone. Nowadays, gasoline costs are higher, which has enhanced the need to find something else to fuel all those vehicles. 旁白： 美国和其他国家往往缺乏一种很强的寻找能源替代的紧迫感。 几十年来， 汽油价格一 直保持着较低的政府补贴，人们继续开着大型车，通常是一个人。现在，汽油成本较高，这 已经提高了需要找到其他燃料的所有车辆。 John Sheehan, Alternative Fuel Researcher: “ What’ s in there now, is material that looks like straw, or . . . It ’ s actually the material that farmers leave sitting on the ground after they go through and they harvest corn. We’ re trying to get farmers to collect this material so that we can run it through a conversion technology to make new liquid fuels. ” 约翰希恩，替代燃料的研究者： “什么是现在，是物质的，像稻草，或。 ..这实际上是农民们 在他们经过和他们收割玉米之后， 坐在地上的物质。 我们正试图让农民收集这种材料， 以便 我们可以通过一个转换技术，使新的液体燃料运行。 Narrator: Since the energy crisis of the 1970s, many farmers have been turning food into fuel by using grains like corn to create ethanol. But recently, some of the emphasis on making fuel has been moving away from the grain itself, to the stalks and stubble left on the ground after the harvest. 旁白： 自从 20 世纪 70 年代的能源危机以来， 许多农民一直把粮食变成燃料， 用谷物来制造 乙醇。但最近，一些重点放在燃料已经从粮食本身，秸秆和茬留在地面上收获后。 Sheehan: “ The cellulose that ’ s in here — that actually is made up of sugars — is something that they can turn into ethanol in the same way that they ’ re currently taking their corn grain and having it turned into fuel- grade ethanol. ” 希恩：“在这里的是纤维素，这实际上是由糖的东西，他们可以转变成乙醇以同样的方式， 目前他们正在考虑他们的玉米粒，让它变成燃料乙醇。 ” Narrator: The National Renewable Energy Laboratory has a manufacturing area that is capable of converting harvest leftovers — and just about anything else — into fuel. 旁白： 国家可再生能源实验室有一个制造领域， 能够把收获的剩余物转化为燃料， 而其他任 何东西都可以转化为燃料。 Pat Woodard, Reporter: “ What are some of these other materials here? What else we got? ” 帕特伍德，记者： “什么是一些其他的材料吗？我们还有什么？“ Sheehan: “ Some of these, like this for example, is a wood material. ” 希恩：“其中一些，这样的例子，是一个木质材料。 ” Narrator: Proving that sustainable energy technology is actually viable remains a struggle, at least in the U.S. Wind turbines, which were pioneered in the United States, are now being used by several countries in Europe to supply meaningful amounts of power. 旁白： 证明可持续能源技术实际上是可行的， 在美国，至少在美国的风力涡轮机中，至少在 欧洲的一些国家正在使用，以提供有意义的电力供应。 Butterfield: “ The cost of energy in the United States is so low compared to Europe, that our industry has had a harder time competing with fossil fuels. ” 巴特菲尔德： “美国的能源成本是如此之低，相比欧洲，我们的行业已经有了更艰难的时间 与化石燃料竞争。 ” Narrator: The cost of fuel in many countries has increased significantly over the past few years. While it has caused hardship for many, this cost increase may also increase the urgency to find reliable fossil fuel alternatives and thereby reduce the greenhouse gases that cause global warming. The time for alternative energy may have arrived, and for those who use it, the future may be now. 在过去几年中， 许多国家的燃料成本显著增加。 虽然它已经造成了许多困难， 这种成本增加 可能也增加了迫切需要找到可靠的化石燃料的替代品，从而减少导致全球变暖的温室气体。 替代能源的时间已经到来，对于那些使用它的人来说，未来可能是现在。 Unit 10 Mars on Earth Narrator: On the remote island of Devon in the Canadian Arctic, a group of NASA explorers have come to learn how to live and work on Mars. Part of the work here will be to field test equipment that they hope will eventually be used on exploration trips to the distant planet. 旁白：在加拿大北极德文郡偏远的岛屿上，一组 NASA探险者们来学习如何生活和工作在火 星上。这部分工作将在现场测试设备，他们希望最终将被用于探索前往遥远的星球。 Mars, sometimes known as the Red Planet, is a harsh place. The surface is freezing and the terrain rugged. At night, surface temperatures can drop to -73 degrees Celsius and below, and the atmosphere is poisonous to breathe. Add to that radiation and dust storms, and it becomes clear that surviving there would be an impressive feat. That ’ s what keeps researchers coming back to Devon each year. Its rocky, treeless landscape is a kind of “ Mars on Earth ”. 火星，有时被称为红色星球，是一个严酷的地方。表面结冰，地形崎岖。晚上，表面温度可 以下降到摄氏 73 度以下，而大气是有毒的呼吸。添加到辐射和沙尘暴，它变得清晰，生存 将有一个令人印象深刻的壮举。 这使研究人员回来每年德文。 它的岩石， 没有树木的景观是 一种“地球上的火星” 。 Thirty-nine million years ago, Devon Island was hit by a large meteorite that created a 20-kilometer- wide crater. Today it ’ s called the Haughton Crater and it almost exactly resembles the thousands of craters that cover the landscape of Mars. While it ’ s safer and more easily reached than Mars, Devon comes with its own dangers: unpredictable weather, high winds, and a predator that thinks humans might be lunch. Despite the risks, project director and scientist Pascal Lee feels training here is what ’ s best for the team ’ s mission. 三零九百万年前，德文岛遭到大量陨石，创造了一个 20 公里宽的陨石坑。今天，它被称为 霍顿坑和它几乎完全相似的陨石坑覆盖火星的数千。 虽然它比火星更安全和更容易达到， 德 文带有自己的危险：不可预测的天气，大风，和食肉动物，认为人类可能的午餐。尽管存在 风险，项目总监和科学家 Pascal李认为这里训练是为团队的任务是最好的。 Pascal Lee, Project Director: “ Copy loud and clear. By being faced with all the operational realities of having to explore a place for real, you are precisely building this experience to really plan an expedition where all of these elements cannot be left to chance. You have to plan it well. ” 帕斯卡李，项目总监： “复制响亮和明确的。当面对现实中的所有的实际操作的现实，你正 建造这一体验， 真正地计划一次探险， 所有这些元素都不可能被留下来机会。 你必须好好计 划。” Narrator: When Lee heard about Devon Island, he was convinced that this was the ideal place to train. When people think of Mars, they usually think of astronauts in space suits. Here on Devon Island, Lee and his team are, in fact, field testing the NASA Mars Concept Suit to see how it withstands harsh conditions. The suit is big, bulky, and, according to people who’ ve tried it, uncomfortable and confining. Addy Overbeeke and Stanley Kusmider are the suit engineers. 旁白： 当李先生听到德文岛，他确信这是训练的理想场所。当人们想到火星时，他们通常会 想到宇航员在太空服。在德文岛，李和他的团队，事实上，现场测试，美国宇航局火星概念 适合看它如何承受苛刻的条件。这套衣服是大的，大的，而且，根据那些试过，不舒服和限 制的人。阿迪和斯坦利是 overbeekekusmider 服工程师。 Stanley Kusmider, Space Suit Engineer: “ You’ re at the bar and you ’ re talking to someone, and they ask you, ‘ Oh, what do you do? ’ ‘ I work on space suits. ’ They say, ‘ Oh ho ho! That ’ s funny! Funny guy! ’” 斯坦利 kusmider，太空服的工程师： “你在酒吧和你谈话的人，他们问你， “哦，你是做什么 的？“我在太空服上工作， ”他们说，“噢，何！这很有趣！有趣的人！ “” Narrator: Depending on the perspective, designing a Mars suit is either a great engineering challenge or a mechanical nightmare. Mars is incredibly dusty and the sui t ’ s outer surface will constantly be coated with a film of Mars ’ dust. And because Mars is so far away, explorers will need to spend at least a year using the same suits day after day. They need to be extremely strong, reliable, and easily repaired in order to survive for the entire duration of the trip. 从不同的角度来看， 设计一个火星的西装是一个伟大的工程挑战或一个机械的噩梦。 火星是 令人难以置信的尘埃， 而这套衣服的外表面会不断地被一层火星的灰尘覆盖。 因为火星是如 此遥远，探险家们需要花费至少一年的时间，使用相同的西装后一天。他们需要非常强大， 可靠，易于维修，以生存的整个持续时间的行程。 Overbeeke has spent his career working on space suits. He loves the challenge of making one work for use on Mars. overbeeke 已经度过了他职业生涯的工作空间， 适合。他喜欢在火星上制作一个工作的挑战。 Addy Overbeeke, Space Suit Engineer: “ You have to think about what they ’ re really going to be operating in, and thinking that ‘ Hey, this isn ’ t it. We have to make the systems more robust, we have to make the systems more user- friendly for them to operate in a system that ’ s even more severe than this. ’” 阿迪 overbeeke，太空服的工程师： “你必须想想他们真的要经营，并认为“嘿，这是不是。 我们必须使系统更加强大，我们必须使系统更方便用户操作系统中，甚至更严重的比这。 Narrator: Mars and Earth share many similarities; they both have about the same amount of dry land and they both have roughly a 24-hour day, which means that plants can conceivably be grown there. Therefore, Canadian scientist Alain Berinstein is attempting to grow plants in the Marslike conditions of Devon. 旁白：火星和地球有许多相似之处； 他们都有关于陆地一样都有大约一天 24 小时不间断的， 这意味着植物可以生长在那里。因此，加拿大科学家阿兰 berinstein 试图在德文 marslike 条 件下生长的植物。 Alain Berinstein, Scientist: “ Outside the greenhouse you can see that there is a hybrid wind and solar power generation system that charges a bank of batteries, and now we do have our own independent power system in place. And so now we are running in a totally autonomous mode with our own power and communications system which will allow us to operate twenty-four hours a day, twelve months a year. ” 阿兰 berinstein ，科学家：“温室中你可以看到有一个风能和太阳能发电系统的费用，一组电 池外，现在我们有我们自己的独立电源系统。所以现在我们正处于一个完全自主的模式中， 我们拥有自己的力量和通信系统，这将允许我们每天二十四个小时工作十二个月。 ” Narrator: The greenhouse can operate on self-generated electrical output even through the long, dark winter when nobody is living on Devon Island. 旁白：温室可以在自身产生的电输出甚至在漫长黑暗的冬天，当没有人是生活在德文岛。 Mars ’ s atmosphere may be thin and poisonous to humans; however it ’ s not too thin in which to fly. So, researchers have proposed using robotic planes as substitute explorers. This UAV, or unmanned aerial vehicle, is an advanced scout, designed to search for and photograph areas of interest. But a pilot doesn ’ t fly this plane. It thinks for itself. Project contractor Greg Pisinich calls the device “ The Flying Graduate Student on Mars. ” 火星的大气对人类来说可能是稀薄和有毒的， 但它并不是太薄，在它的飞行。因此，研究人 员已经提出使用机器人飞机作为替代探险家。这架无人机，或无人机，是一个高级侦察机， 旨在寻找和拍摄感兴趣的领域。但飞行员不飞这架飞机。它认为自己。工程承包商格雷戈 pisinich 电话设备“飞生在火星上。 ” Greg Pisinich, Contractor: “ You want something that has enough intelligence to make decisions, to look for the righ t science, to follow a hypothesis. ” 格雷戈 pisinich ，承包人：“你想要的东西，有了足够的情报来做决策，寻找正确的科学的， 遵循一个假说。 ” Narrator: The images the plane captures reveal an alien- looking landscape. It ’ s a great tool for explorers right here on Devon Island. The NASA-Haughton team often needs mapping assistance in order to reach remote areas of the crater. It ’ s also a step toward developing possible tools for future Mars explorers once they reach Mars. 旁白：这架飞机拍摄的图像显示了一个陌生的风景。 这是一个伟大的探险家工具就在德文岛。 NASA的霍顿团队经常需要为映射援助到达火山口的偏远地区。这也是向开发未来火星探测 工具的一步，一旦他们到达火星。 Narrator: British scientist Charlie Cockell and expedition leader Pascal Lee need to collect some samples on the shore of the island. That ’ s where the ‘ Martian Rover ’ comes in; it ’ s the only way to get there. Lee, who aims to be the first person to land on Mars, wants to push the limits of the Martian Rover. For this expedition, they are combining the technology of the Martian Rover with that of the “ Thinking Mars Airplane. ” 旁白： 英国科学家查利科克尔， 探险队队长帕斯卡李需要收集在岛的岸边一些样品。 这就是 “火星车”的来源，这是唯一的办法。李，谁的目标是在火星上的第一人，要推的限制，火 星车。在这次探险中，他们将与火星车的技术相结合，与“思考火星飞机” 。 Lee: “ So we ’ ll head out from camp, go past the front of Marine peak . . . ” 李：“所以我们会从营地里出来，走到前面的海洋高峰。 “ ..” Narrator: NASA’ s Bill Clancey has come to learn how Lee and Cockell translate air photos into useful information to find the best route on the ground. 旁白： NASA 的比尔 Clancey 已经学会李和科克尔翻译航空照片转换成有用的信息来在地上 找到最佳路线。 Bill Clancey, NASA: “ It looks like a piece of paper that has gotten wet and it ’ s been crumpled up, and it ’ s just full of wrinkles. And Pascal looks at this and sees valleys, these valley networks, and he sees canyons, and he understands cliffs and gullies here. It ’ s remarkable. ” 比尔 Clancey，NASA：“它看起来像一张纸，湿了，它已经垮了，只是满脸皱纹。和 Pascal 看看到的山谷，这些山谷网络，他看到峡谷，他了解这里的悬崖和沟。真是太了不起了。 ” Narrator: Pascal and Charlie seem to be easily finding the route using the photos. 旁白： Pascal和查利似乎是很容易找到的路径使用的照片。 Cockell: “ Start here. That ’ s where we want to go. We want to find a route down to the right there, and just go around . . . Are we there yet? I want ice cream. ” 科克尔：“从这里开始。这就是我们要去的地方。我们想找到一条路线到正确的道路上，而 只是四处走。 ..我们还有吗？我要冰淇淋。 ” Expedition Member: “ Just ten more minutes. ” 探险队成员： “只需十分钟。 ” Narrator: The two men are making good progress toward the coastline and the Rover is doing well. They ’ ve now traveled further south than any other Devon Island team. Never has the island ’ s terrain looked so much like Mars, red hills and valleys as far as the eye can see. The team continues to make great progress, but then Steve Braham, a fellow researcher back at the camp, calls. A huge storm is moving in, he tells them, and the team lies in its path. Steve gives them an order: come home now. 旁白： 这 2 个男人正在向海岸线的方向发展， 而月球车正在做的很好。 现在他们已经前往更 远的南部比其他任何德文岛队。 从来没有这个岛的地形看起来像火星， 红色的山丘和山谷的 眼睛可以看到。球队继续让杰出的进展，但随后史提夫布拉汉姆，一个研究员在返回营地， 电话。 一个巨大的风暴正在移动中， 他告诉他们， 团队在于它的路径。 史提夫给了他们一个 命令：现在回家。 Even though they didn ’ t make it to the coast, the expedition was a success. The men tested key systems: air photos, long-range radios, advanced scouting techniques, and the rover itself. In this harsh and remote location, being able to return to the starting point with everyone and everything safe makes the trip a success. The field testing on Devon Island proved valuable and effective, but when will they be able to build systems that can withstand the far harsher condition on Mars? 即使他们没有把它的海岸， 远征是一个成功。 男人测试的关键系统： 空中照片， 远程无线电， 先进的侦察技术， 和月球车本身。 在这个严酷的和偏远的位置， 能够回到起点与每个人和一 切安全的旅行一个成功。 在德文岛的现场测试证明了宝贵的和有效的， 但当他们能建立系统， 可以抵御火星上比较苛刻的条件？ Overbeeke: “ We know that it ’ s man ’ s destiny to go out and do space exploration. It ’ s always time to think about what you want to do in the future. ” overbeeke：“我们知道， 去做太空探索是人类的命运。 你总是有时间去想你将来想做什么。 ” Narrator: These scientists are preparing for their futures right here, using their own version of “ Mars on Earth. ” 旁白：这些科学家正在为他们的未来做准备，在这里使用他们自己的“火星在地球” 。