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2019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷(答案解析)

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2019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷(答案解析)2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze1/182019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷(详解)第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)1.【答案】1:2:3:【解析】Thenewsixth-gradeteacher,Sava,islikemostteachersinschools.Thismorning,sh...
2019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷(答案解析)
2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze1/182019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷(详解)第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)1.【答案】1:2:3:【解析】Thenewsixth-gradeteacher,Sava,islikemostteachersinschools.Thismorning,sheiscallingtheattendancelistandaskingthestudentsinthebackoftheroomtobequiet.Sava1(smile)atthestudentsandlookshappy.Savadoesn'treallylookdifferentfromotherteachers,2sheis.Savaisarobot.Sheisremotecontrolled3apersonthroughacamerainsidetherobot.AlthoughSavaisnotreadytobearealteacher,thechildrenenjoyhervisits.smiles;but或yet或yet;by考查动词时态。全文使用一般现在时态,因此此处也使用一般现在时;因为Sava是第三人称单数,因此动词smile用三单形式,故填smiles。考查并列连词。前文说Sava看起来和一般老师没有区别,后文说其实是有区别的,是转折关系,因此可以使用并列连词but或yet,故填but或yet。考查介词。表示由某人控制,用介词by,故填by。2.【答案】1:2:3:【解析】WilburandOrilleWrightarebrothersfamousforinventingthefirstairplane.Theirinterestinflight1(start)onthedaywhentheirfatherbroughthomeatoyhelicopterforthem.Itwasmadeofpaperandwood.Theboysplayedwithituntilitbroke,andthenmadetheirown2(replace)it.Whentheywereolder,theyownedabicycleshopwheretheystartedproducingandsellingtheirownbikes.Thisprovidedthemwiththemoneytopayfortheirexperimentsinflight.Eventually,theybuilttheir3(fly)machine.started;toreplace;flying考查动词时态。本句时间定为在过去,因此使用一般过去时态,故填started。考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作目的状语,故填toreplace。考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词作定语,修饰名词machine,故填flying。一、知识运用(共两节,共45分)2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze2/183.【答案】1:2:3:4:【解析】Becausedeafpeoplecan'thear,theyhavespecialwaysofcommunicating.Forexample,theycanlearntounderstand1someoneissayingbylookingatthemouthofthespeaker.This2(call)lipreading.Also,speakingisverydifficultforthedeaf,becausetheycan'thear3(they)ownvoices.However,itispossiblewithspecialtraining.Accordingtomanydeafpeopleallaroundtheworld,themost4(practice)andpopularwayofcommunicatingiswithsignlanguage.what;iscalled;their;practical考查宾语从句。从句在主句中作宾语,从句中缺少主语成分,故填what。考查动词语态。表示"这个被叫做",用被动语态;主语是第三人称单数,用be动词is,故填iscalled。考查物主代词。空格后有名词,因此用形容词修饰名词,填形容词性物主代词,故填their。考查词性转换。Practice是动词此行,此处用themost示意形容词最高级,因此空格内填形容词性单词,故填practical。第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)4."Comeon,Cindy!"Darcysoundedsoimpatient,"We'llbelateforclass.""Darcy,Ican'tfindmy1."Idroppedmybookbagtodigthroughmycoatpockets."Mymoneywasinit.""Someonetookit."Darcysaid.Asusual,shewasquicktopointawayfromthe2sideofthings."Oh.I'msureIjustmisplacedit."Ihoped.Eventhoughwewerebestfriends,DarcyandIwerejustso3.Werushedintoclass.Darcy4thenewsaboutthetheft.Bylastperiodingymclass,Iwas5ofhavingtosayoverandoveragain,"I'msureIjustleftitathome."Aftergym,wewentintothelockerroom.Iwaschanging6IheardagaspfromDarcy.Ilookedatherandfoundherfacewaswhitewith7.There,atherfeet,wasmywallet."Itfelloutofherlocker!"DarcypointedatJuanita,a"newgirl"inourclass."She8it."Everyonebeganto9Juanitaatonce."Darcycaughtherred-handed."2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze3/181.2.3.4.5.6.7."Reporther!"IlookedoveratJuanita.Shepickedupthewalletandhelditouttome.Herhandswere10."Ifounditintheparkinglot.Iwasgoingtogiveittoyou."Darcyspitthewords"I'msosure!"ather."Really,it'strue."Juanita'seyesbegantofillwithtears.I11formywallet.Ididn'tknowwhattothink,12whenIlookedoveratDarcy,herattitudemademesickinside.IlookedatJuanita.Shewasscaredbutlooked13.IknewIheldher14inmyhands."Iamsogladyoufoundit,"Ismiled."Thanks,Juanita."The15aroundusbroke."Goodthingshefoundit,"everyonebutDarcy16."Ifthereisanymoneyleftinyourwallet.""Notnow.Darcy!""Youaresonaive!"Itwasn'tuntilotherslefttherethatIopenedmywallet."It'sallhere."Icouldn'thelpbutfeel17.Afoldedpieceofpaperflutteredfrommywallet.Iopenedittoseewhatitwas."Shejustdidn'thavetimeto18ityet.""Darcy,maybeyouspendtoomuchtime19people."Darcygrabbedthenote,readitandthrewitbackatme."Whatever!"shesaidandstompedoff.Iknewthatsomethinghad20betweenus.Ireadthenoteagain:Cindy,Ifoundyourwalletintheparkinglot.Hopenothingismissing.JuanitaP.S.Myphonenumberis55-3218.Maybeyoucouldcallmesometime.AndIdid.A.coatB.bookC.penD.walletA.seriousB.brightC.funnyD.oppositeA.closeB.strangeC.differentD.independentA.spreadB.heardC.watchedD.madeA.afraidB.proudC.tiredD.fondA.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.whenA.shameB.shockC.shynessD.sadness2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze4/188.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.【答案】1:2:3:4:5:6:7:【解析】A.gotB.lostC.stoleD.broughtA.accuseB.comfortC.warnD.helpA.risingB.wavingC.clappingD.tremblingA.reachedB.lookedC.paidD.searchedA.soB.butC.forD.orA.excitedB.modestC.sincereD.pleasedA.reputationB.confidenceC.wealthD.regretA.trustB.peaceC.balanceD.tensionA.agreedB.promisedC.hesitatedD.admittedA.relaxedB.relievedC.disappointedD.disturbedA.returnB.lendC.findD.emptyA.persuadingB.numberingC.understandingD.transformingA.leftB.unitedC.brokenD.recoveredDBCACDBCADABCADABDBC考查名词辨析。根据后文"Mymoneywasinit."可知,作者丢的是装着钱的东西,由此可推知是钱包,故选D。考查形容词辨析。A.serious,严肃地;B.bright,明亮的;C.funny,有趣的;D.opposite,相反的;此处表达Darcy总是一阵见血的指明事务的方向,故选B。12.考查形容词辨析。A.close,接近的;B.strange,奇怪的;C.different,不同的;D.independent,独立的;文中Darcy说钱包丢了,作者却希望只是放错地方了,由此可知作者和Darcy虽然是密友,也有不同的地方,故选C。考查动词辨析。A.spread,传播;B.heard,听说;C.watched,看;D.made,编造;此处表示两人到达班里后,Darcy向同学传播了这个偷窃新闻,故选A。考查形容词辨析。A.afraid,害怕的;B.proud,骄傲的;C.tired,疲惫的;D.fond,喜欢的;根据前文可知作者认为自己的钱包只是放错了,所以当同学得知Darcy说的偷窃事件来询问作者时,作者已经疲于重复解释了,故选C。考查介词辨析。此处是时间状语从句,当作者听到Darcy喘着气说话时她正在换衣服,用when表示当,故选D。考查名词辨析。A.shame,羞耻的;B.shock,震惊的;C.shyness,害羞的;D.sadness,难过的;根据后文可知作者的钱包出现在了Darcy脚底下,因此Darcy的脸色是带着震惊的煞白,故选B。2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze5/188:9:10:11:12:13:14:15:16:17:18:19:20:考查动词辨析。Darcy看见作者的钱包从Juanita的柜子里掉出来,因此认为是她偷了钱包,故选C。考查动词辨析。A.accuse,指控;B.comfort,安慰;C.warn,警告;D.help,帮助;听到Darcy说Juanita是小偷,所有人都开始指控她,故选A。考查动词辨析。A.rising,上升;B.waving,挥手;C.clapping,拍手;D.trembling,颤抖;此处Juanita被大家指控,可推知心情是比较紧张尴尬的,因此是双手颤抖地把钱包递给作者,故选D。考查动词辨析。此处表示作者接过Juanita递过来的钱包,reachto是固定搭配,表示接触到,故选A。考查连词辨析。前文是作者脑子里空空如也,后文是作者觉得Darcy的态度让她不舒服,两者之间是转折关系,故选B。考查形容词辨析。A.excited,兴奋的;B.modest,谦逊的;C.sincere,真诚的;D.pleased,开心的;作者认为Juanita看起来感到害怕但是是十分真挚的,故选C。考查形容词辨析。A.reputation,名誉;B.confidence,信心;C.wealth,财富;D.regret,后悔;作者知道自己接过的不仅仅是钱包,更是Juanita的名誉,表明作者相信她,故选A。考查名词辨析。A.trust,信任;B.peace,平和;C.balance,平衡;D.tension,不安;当作者接过钱包后,四周有些紧张不安的气氛被打破了,故选D。考查动词辨析。A.agreed,同意;B.promised,承诺;C.hesitated,犹豫;D.admitted,承认;除了Darcy以外的人都觉得Juanita捡到钱包是一件好事,故选A。考查形容词辨析。A.relaxed,放松的;B.relieved,松口气的;C.disappointed,失望的;D.disturbed,受打扰的;作者打开钱包看见钱都还在里面,感到松了一口气,故选B。考查动词辨析。A.return,归还;B.lend,借;C.find,找到;D.empty,清空;Darcy觉得Juanita没有拿走钱只是因为没来得及而已,此处empty指拿光钱包里的钱故选D。考查动词辨析。A.persuading,说服;B.numbering,计数;C.understanding,理解;D.transforming,转变;作者认为Darcy花太多时间去猜测别人了,故选B。考查动词辨析。A.left,离开;B.united,团结;C.broken,破裂;D.recovered,修复;经过这次的时间,作者和Darcy之间的友谊有一些东西破裂了,故选C。2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze6/18二、阅读理解(共两节,共40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,共30分)5.Slowly,soslowlythatweneverevennoticedhowithappened,ourfamilystoppedtalkingtoeachother.OurownworldsopeneduptousthroughthecomputerorthecellphoneortheCDplayer.FamilyNightwasbornwhenMomcalledusfordinner.JessicaandIcameandsatdown.Dadloadedhisplateandstartedtorisefromthetable."Whereareyougoing?"Momquestioned."Tothelivingroom.Ihavesomework,"Dadrepliedashehurriedaway.Mom'sfacegottight,butshesaidnothing.Abouttwominuteslater,mycellphonebuzzed.Jessicakeptherearphonesonduringmostofthemeal.Momwasclearlyupset.FamilyNightstartedthenextweek.Momestablishedthreerules:nophones,nomusic,andnoleavingthetable.Everyonewouldeattogetherandplayagametogether"likearealfamily."AllseemedtobegoingaccordingtoMom'splanuntilthefirstbuzzofacellphone.Afterdinner,wehadbeenplayingtheboardgameforonlytenminuteswhenanothercellphoneletoutashrillscream.Thistimethephonebelongedtomyfather."Work'scalling.Ihavetoanswer,"hewhisperedashehurriedoutoftheroom.Momsighed,butsheforcedasmileandencouragedustocontinuewiththegame.Wekeptplayingthrougheveryinterruptionafterwards:thebeepingofJessica'sphone,thebuzzofanothertextmessagefromDarnell,thesoothingvoiceannouncingthearrivalofane-mailonDad'scomputer.Whenthegamewasover,Momreleasedustoourrooms.ThatfirstFamilyNightwasnotasuccess,butMomsoldieredon.EveryMondayeveningwesilencedourelectronicsandgatheredaroundthetable;andeachtime,settingasideourtechnologicaltoysbecamealittleeasier.Thenexttwomonthsmyfatherwouldbetakingbusinesstrips.Wewouldn'tbeabletohaveFamilyNighteveryMonday.TomysurpriseIrealizedthatIwouldmissthosefewhourseachweekwhenthehousewasfilledwithmyfamily'slaughterandconversation.Iwasalsogladtoknowthatwhenwereallywantedto,wecouldsilencetheelectronicbuzzandjustbeafamilyagain.2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze7/18A.B.C.D.(1)A.closerB.healthierC.morerelaxedD.moreconfident(2)A.Tiringbutsatisfying.B.Challengingbutexciting.C.Busybutinteresting.D.Unsuccessfulbutmeaningful.(3)A.B.C.D.(4)(1)(2)(3)(4)【答案】(1)(2)(3)(4)【解析】WhatledtothestartofFamilyNight?Electronicsharmedthefamily'slife.HeavyhouseworkmadeMomangry.Daddidn'tgetalongwellwithothers.ThechildrenweretoolazytohelpMom.FamilyNightmadethefamilythanbefore.WhatwordscanbestdescribethefirstFamilyNight?Itcanbeinferredthat.DadseldomtookbusinesstripstheauthorenjoyedFamilyNightFamilyNightwouldnotcontinuethechildrenthrewawaythecellphonesAADB推理判断题。根据文章第一段"OurownworldsopeneduptousthroughthecomputerorthecellphoneortheCDplayer."可知,因为家人都沉静在电子产品的世界里,没有感情交流,作者的妈妈决定开启"FamilyNight",故选A。推理判断题。FamilyNight家庭之夜是要让一家人放下电子产品、一起玩游戏,可以让家人之间更加亲密,故选A。推理判断题。根据文章第六到八段,以及第九段的"ThatfirstFamilyNightwasnotasuccess,butMomsoldieredon."可知,第一次家庭之夜并不成功,但是让家人都感受到了放下电子产品和家人相处的重要性,因此是有意义的,故选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句"Iwasalsogladtoknowthatwhenwereallywantedto,wecouldsilencetheelectronicbuzzandjustbeafamilyagain."可知,作者是很高兴可以和家人一起度过一段时间的,是乐在2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze8/18其中的,故选B。6.AblogpostedDec7,2018at12:17PMbyAlannaMallonAlannaMallonisaCambridgeCityCouncilor.EachyearinNovember,IreceiveaflurryofemailsandtextsfromfriendswhowanttovolunteerwiththeirfamiliesonThanksgivingasawaytogiveback.IalsofieldphonecallsfromorganizationswhowanttodonatetolocalprogramsthatprovideThanksgivingmeals.However,asanofficialwhostillworksinthenonprofitsector,IalsofeeldeeplyanxiousbecauseIknowtheother51weeksoftheyear,thesecriticalprogramsthatprovidefoodaccesstoresidentsinneedarestarvingforbothvolunteersanddonations.Hungerisayearroundproblem,andeachweekvolunteersarethenecessaryparttoensurethatprogramsareabletoservethecommunity.AtFoodForFree,werelyonabout100volunteersperweek,andeachofthosevolunteersisextremelyimportanttoprovidingfresh,healthyfoodtopeopleintheGreaterBostonareawhoneedit.SchoolchildrenwhotakebackpacksoffoodhomeonFridays,communitycollegestudentswhorelyonourFamilyMealsprogramtothriveinclass,elderlyanddisabledresidentswhoreceivetwicemonthlydeliveriesoffoodtotheirdoorsthroughourHomeDeliveryprogram—theyallrelyonusensuringenoughvolunteersshowuptodothework.Thesevolunteersdon'tshowupinyoursocialmediafeeds,theydon'twinawardsandnoonewritesabouttheminthelocalnewspapers.Buttheyareheroes.Andyoucanbetoo.Ifeveryonemadeapromisetovolunteeronceamonth,orevenonceaquarter,Iknowthatwecouldreducesomeoftheanxietytheseorganizationsfeel,asamorereliablevolunteernetworkallowsthemtofocusonhelpingpeople,notfillingvolunteerslots.HereisalistofafeworganizationswhoaredoingcriticalworkinCambridgetoaddressfoodinsecurity.Offeryourtimetoanorganization,theywillbedeeplygrateful—andIamgoingtobetthatyouwillfeelprettygoodaboutyourselftoo.FoodForFree:http://foodforfree.org/volunteer.CEOC:http://ceoccambridge.org/food-pantry.HarvardSquareHomelessShelter:https://hshshelter.org/volunteer.2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze9/18A.B.C.D.(1)A.theneedforfreshfoodB.thedutyofFoodForFreeC.thevalueofvoluntaryworkD.thedifficultlifeoflocalpeople(2)A.callforactionB.expressthanksC.advertiseprogramsD.introducewebsites(3)(1)(2)(3)【答案】(1)(2)(3)【解析】CommunityCooks:https://communitycooks.org/join-us.MargaretFullerNeighborhoodHouse:http://margaretfullerhouse.org.Whatcanbelearntfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?Thefoodsafetyworriestheauthor.Volunteersareneededallyearround.DonationscanbemadethroughtheInternet.PeoplelikegettingtogetheronThanksgiving.Paragraph3ismainlyabout.Thepassageisto.BCA事实细节题。根据文章第一段"EachyearinNovember,IreceiveaflurryofemailsandtextsfromfriendswhowanttovolunteerwiththeirfamiliesonThanksgivingasawaytogiveback."可知,每年的十一月都需要感恩节的志愿者,故选B。推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句"—theyallrelyonusensuringenoughvolunteersshowuptodothework."可知,这项工作的完成依赖于每个志愿者,因此每项志愿工作都是十分有价值的,故选C。写作目的题。文章通过描述志愿者工作、价值和这份工作的详细情况,来向读者招募志愿者,因此是为了呼吁志愿者行动的,故选A。7.Manyofuslistentomusicwhilewework,thinkingthatitwillhelpustoconcentrateonthetaskathand.Andinfact,recentresearchhasfoundthatmusiccanhavebeneficialeffectsoncreativity.Whenitcomestootherareasofperformance,however,theimpactofbackgroundmusicismorecomplicated.2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze10/18A.B.C.D.(1)A.B.(2)Theideathatlisteningtomusicwhenworkingisbeneficialtooutputprobablyhasitsrootsintheso-called"Mozarteffect".Putsimply,thisisthefindingthatspatialrotationperformance(空间旋转能力)isincreasedimmediatelyafterlisteningtothemusicofMozart,comparedtonosoundatall.Howsoundaffectsperformancehasbeenthetopicofresearchforover40years,andisobservedthroughaphenomenoncalledtheirrelevantsoundeffect.Tostudyirrelevantsoundeffect,participantsintheresearchareaskedtocompleteasimpletaskwhichrequiresthemtorecallaseriesofnumbersorlettersintheexactorderinwhichtheysawthem.Thetrickythingisbeingabletodothiswhileignoringanybackgroundnoise.Twokeycharacteristicsoftheirrelevantsoundeffectarerequiredforitsobservation.First,thetaskmustrequirethepersontousetheirrehearsalabilities(复述能力),andsecond,thesoundmustcontainacousticalvariation(声学变化).Wherethesounddoesnotvarymuchacoustically,theperformanceofthetaskismuchclosertothatobservedinquietconditions.Theirrelevantsoundeffectitselfcomesfromattemptingtoprocesstwosourcesoforderedinformationatthesametime—onefromthetaskandonefromthesound.Unfortunately,onlytheformerisrequiredtosuccessfullyperformtherecalltask,andtheeffortinensuringthatirrelevantorderinformationfromthesoundisnotprocessedactuallyhinders(阻碍)thisability.Asimilarconflictisalsoseenwhenreadingwhileinthepresenceoflyricalmusic.Inthissituation,thetwosourcesofwords—fromthetaskandthesound—areinconflict.Thecostispoorerperformanceofthetaskinthepresenceofmusicwithlyrics.Whatthisallmeansisthatwhetherhavingmusicplayinginthebackgroundhelpsorhindersperformancedependsonthetaskandonthetypeofmusic,andonlyunderstandingthisrelationshipwillhelppeoplemaximizetheirproductivitylevels."Mozarteffect"ismentionedto.explainhowmusiccanrelaxpeopleshowmusiccanimproveperformanceadvisepeopletolistentoMozartmusicstressMozartmusicgainswideattentionItcanbeinferredthatparticipantsintheresearch.haveimprovedtheirrehearsalabilityperformbetterinthequietconditions2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze11/18C.D.A.supportanideaB.makeacontrastC.introduceatopicD.describeafact(3)A.B.C.D.(4)(1)(2)(3)(4)【答案】(1)(2)(3)(4)【解析】ignorethebackgroundnoisesuccessfullypreferthemusicwithgreatsoundvariationParagraph6iswrittento.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?MusicshapesyourlifeMusicdevelopsyourcreativityChoosequietmusicforyourworkDoesmusicmakeyouconcentrate?BBAD推理判断题。根据文章第二段"Putsimply,thisisthefindingthatspatialrotationperformance(空间旋转能力)isincreasedimmediatelyafterlisteningtothemusicofMozart,comparedtonosoundatall."可知,简单来说莫扎特效应可以提高人们的表演能力,故选B。推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句"Wherethesounddoesnotvarymuchacoustically,theperformanceofthetaskismuchclosertothatobservedinquietconditions."可知,当音乐不大声的时候,复述结果比较接近安静时候的复述,因此人们在安静的环境下表现更好,故选B。写作目的题。第六段说明了在有抒情音乐的时候任务表现仍然不好,因此更加佐证了文章的观点,因此第六段是为了支持观点的,故选A。主旨大意题。文章先提出了莫扎特现象,再通过实验等论证这个观点是错误的,文章的主题即音乐并不会使人专注,故选D。8.Accordingtoofficialgovernmentfigures,therearemorethantwiceasmanykangaroosaspeopleinAustralia,andmanyAustraliansconsiderthempests(有害动物).Landholdingfarmerssaythatthecountry'sestimated50millionkangaroosdamagetheircropsandcompetewithlivestockforscarceresources.Australia'sinsuranceindustrysaysthatkangaroosareinvolvedinmorethan80percentofthe20,2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze12/18000-plusvehicle-animalcollisionsreportedeachyear.Inthecountry'sunderpopulatedregion,thecommonbeliefisthatkangaroonumbershaveswollento"plagueproportions."Intheabsenceoftraditionalhunters,thethinkinggoes,killingkangaroosiscriticaltobalancingtheecologyandboostingtheruraleconomy.Agovernment-sanctioned(政府认可的)industry,basedonthecommercialharvestofkangaroomeatandhides,exported$29millioninproductsin2017andsupportsabout4,000jobs.Todaymeat,hides,andleatherfromkangarooshavebeenexportedto56countries.GlobalbrandssuchasNike,Puma,andAdidasbuystrong,supple"k-leather"tomakeathleticgear.Andkangaroomeatisfindingitswayintomoreandmoregrocerystores.Advocatespointoutthatlow-fat,high-proteinkangaroomeatcomesfromananimalmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythangreenhousegas-emittingsheepandcattle.JohnKelly,formerexecutivedirectoroftheKangarooIndustryAssociationofAustralia,says,"HarvestingourfoodandfibersfromanimalsadaptedtoAustralia'sfragilerangelandsisextremelywiseandsustainable.Manyecologistswilltellyouthatthereisnomorehumanewayofproducingredmeat."Opponents(反对者)oftheindustrycallthekillinginhumane,unsustainable,andunnecessary.Populationestimatesarehighlydebatable,theysay,but"plagueproportions"arebiologicallyimplausible.Littlekangaroosgrowslowly,andmanydie,sokangaroopopulationscanexpandbyonly10to15percentayear,andthenonlyunderthebestofcircumstances.DwayneBannon-Harrison,amemberoftheYuinpeopleofNewSouthWales,saystheideathatkangaroosaredestroyingthecountryislaughable."They'vebeenwalkingthislandalotlongerthanpeoplehave,"hesays."Howcouldsomethingthat'sbeenhereforthousandsofyearsbe'destroying'thecountry?Idon'tunderstandthelogicinthat."CanAustralians'conflictingattitudestowardkangaroosbereconciled(和解)?GeorgeWilsonsaysthatifkangarooswereprivatelyowned,thengraziers(放牧人)—workingindependentlyorthroughwildlifeconservancies—wouldprotecttheanimals,treatingthemaspossessions.Theycouldfeedthem,leasethem,breedthemandchargehunterafeeforaccess."Ifyouwanttoconservesomething,"Wilsonsays,"youhavetogiveitavalue.Animalsthatareconsideredpestsdon'thavevalue."Privatizationcouldalsohelpreducegrazingpressures.Ifkangaroosweremorevaluablethancattleorsheep,farmerswouldkeeplesslive-stock,whichcouldbegoodfortheenvironment.Underthisscheme,landholderswouldworkwiththekangaroo2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze13/18A.B.C.D.(1)A.Unreasonable.B.Immeasurable.C.Unquestionable.D.Unchangeable.(2)A.B.C.D.(3)A.B.C.D.(4)(1)(2)(3)(4)【答案】(1)(2)(3)【解析】industryonbranding,marketingandqualitycontrol.Thegovernment'srolewouldbeoversightandregulation.Whatcanbelearntfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?Kangaroomeatishealthierthanotherredmeat.Globalbrandsmakesmallprofitsonkangaroos.Kangaroosaremorefriendlytotheenvironment.Overpopulatedkangarooshavebecomeafinancialburden.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"implausible"inParagraph4probablymean?Whichofthefollowingmightbethebenefitofprivatization?Thepopularityofkangaroohunting.Thereductioninthenumberofkangaroos.Theestablishmentofmoreconservationareas.Thebettermanagementofthekangarooindustry.Thepassageiswrittento.argueagainstthekillingofkangaroosstresstheimportanceofprotectingkangaroospresentdifferentopinionsonthekangarooindustryprovideasolutiontotheproblemcausedbykangaroosCADD事实细节题。根据文章第三段第一句话"Advocatespointoutthatlow-fat,high-proteinkangaroomeatcomesfromananimalmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythangreenhousegas-emittingsheepandcattle."可知,支持者认为更亲近自然的袋鼠肉比圈养的牛羊肉更低脂、高蛋白,由此可推知袋鼠是更加亲近自然的,故选C。词义猜测题。因为此处是反对者的议论,因此他们认为"plagueproportions"这个概念是不对的,因此与Unreasonable没有理由的意思接近,故选A。2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze14/18(4)推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的倒数第二句话"Underthisscheme,landholderswouldworkwiththekangarooindustryonbranding,marketingandqualitycontrol"可知,私有化可以让产业有更好的品牌、市场和质量把控,因此有利于产业的管理,故选D。写作目的题。文章通过论述现状和支持反对双方观点,表明了袋鼠带来的一系列问题,故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)9.Empathyistheabilitytoimaginewhatitmustbelikeinsomeoneelse'ssituation.Itisanessentialpartofwhatitmeanstobehuman,totheextentthatwearesuspiciousofanyonewhodoesnotshowempathyintheirbehavior.1Wereadnovels,watchtelevisionandgotothetheatre,andpartofourenjoymentcomesfromunderstandingthedilemmafacedbythecharactersbecauseweknowhowwewouldfeelifwewereinthesamesituation.2Onestudyhasshownanimalsdisplayingempathytowardsotheranimalsandtowardshumans.Creaturesfromacrosstheanimalkingdomsuchasbeesandwhales,aswellasdomesticpets,displaybehaviorthatsuggeststheycooperatewithandprotecteachother.Inanotherstudy,psychiatristJulesMassermanandhisteamconductedanexperimentwithmonkeysinwhichthemonkeyspulledoneoftwochainsthatreleasedfood.Onechainsimplyreleasedthefood,whileanothergaveanelectricshocktoasecondmonkey.Thefirstmonkeystoppedpullingthechainthatdeliveredtheshock.3Thisempatheticbehaviorwasobservedinanumberofmonkeys.Theoriginofempathyisprobablytheneedfortheyoungofallanimalspeciestobecaredfor.Theycommunicatethisrequirementbycryingforattentionandtoshowpain.Bothhumanandnon-humanyoungweremorelikelytosurviveiftheirparentsreactedpositivelytotheirneeds.Peopleandanimalsalikearesocialbeingsandaremorelikelytoworktogether.4Ifwehelpothers,wearealsohelpingourselvesandsoempathyissensibleandrealistic.Wedon'talwaysdisplayempathy,however.Justasanimalsreactaggressivelytounknowncreaturesfromtheirownorotherspecies,humanstendtoregardpeopletheydon'tknowwithsuspicion.5Ourunwillingnesstotrustanyoneunfamiliarisasnaturaltousasourempathytowardsthoseweknowandlove.2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze15/18A.B.C.D.E.F.G.【答案】1:2:3:4:5:【解析】Tofeelempathyisnotrestrictedtoreallife.Youcanempathizewithsomeonewithoutfeelingsympathyforthem.Thisfearofstrangerswill,webelieve,protectusfrompersonaldanger.Itseemedtobewillingtogohungryratherthanseeafellowanimalsuffer.However,itseemsthatinfactempathymaynotbeaqualityuniquetohumans.Empathyplaysaroleinthatasitallowsustounderstandourfellowhumansbetter.It'scertainlydifficulttounderstandananimal'sintentionbehindanemphaticresponse.AEDFC空格后说人们可以从看电视戏剧、带入人物情绪中得到共情,因此感到同情并不仅仅局限于现实生活,故选A。空格后说动物与动物之间、动物和人之间也会产生共情,因此共情并不仅限于人身上,故选E。空格前是一个实验,实验中猴子宁愿挨饿也不愿看着另一只猴子受苦,与D选项相匹配,都是描述实验的结果,故选D。空格前说人和动物都是有社交属性的,空格后说当我们帮助别人的时候自己也会感受到快乐,因此空格处承上启下,说明共情让人与人之间可以互相理解,故选F。空格前说人们通常会对不认识的人抱有怀疑的态度,即C选项中说的"Thisfearofstrangerswill",前后衔接,故选C。三、面表达(共两节,共35分)第一节(共15分)10.【答案】假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。学校校刊英语园地栏目举办以"Changesinmylife"为主题的征文比赛。请结合你的经历和感受,选取生活中的一个方面(如学习方式、出行方式、购物方式等)的变化,写一篇短文,向栏目投稿。注意:1.词数不少于50;2.开头已给出,不计入总词数。Inrecentyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmylife.2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze16/18【解析】Inrecentyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmylife.Whatimpressesmemostisthattechnologyhasmadeourstudyeasierandmoreeffective.Takeonlinestudyasanexample.ThistermItakesomeonlinecourses,whichismoreconvenientandflexiblethanstudyingoncampus.Thelargevarietyofonlinecourses,rangingfromtheschoolsubjectstocareercourses,providesmewithabundantchoices.IcanchoosetheonesIlikeandhaveclassesanywherethroughtheInternet.IalsojoinsomeonlinestudygroupswhereIenjoyacloserrelationshipwithmyteachersandothergroupmembers.WhenImeetwithanyquestions,theyalwaysgivemequickreplies.Theonlinestudyhasbenefitedmealot.Ihaveeveryreasontobelievethatthedevelopmentoftechnologywillbringaboutfar-reachingchangesineveryaspectofourlife.Whatimpressesmemostisthat…让我印象最深刻的是…Takesth.asanexample拿某事做例子rangingfromAtoB范围从A到B第二节(共20分)11.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,写一篇英文周记,记录你和同学参加"助力冬奥,畅享冰雪"为主题的快乐滑雪活动的全过程。注意:1.词数不少于60;2.开头已给出,不计入总词数。提示词:滑雪场skiresort2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze17/18【答案】WiththeapproachofWinterOlympics,moreandmorepeoplebegintotrywintersports.Onepossibleversion:WiththeapproachofWinterOlympics,moreandmorepeoplebegintotrywintersports.Lastweekend,myclassmatesandIdecidedtoenjoythesnowyfun.Absolutelydelighted,weenrolledinatrainingclass.Arrivingattheskiresort,ourtrainergaveusspecificinstructioninsafeandskillfulskiing.Hewassocarefulandhelpfulthatitdidn'ttakelongtogetourselvesonthetrail.Atfirst,wewereallscaredtotakethefirststepinourskis.Whenwesawothershavingsomuchfun,wesetout.Althoughwehadseveralfalls,noneofusgaveup.Withgreatefforts,wewereabletokeepbalanceandskimoreconfidently.Weplayedhappilyandfeltasenseofachievement.Torecordtheexcitingmoment,wetookmanypictures.Wehope,in2022,wecanworkasvolunteersinWinterOlympics.anotherpossibleversion:Duringthewintervacation,I,togetherwithmyclassmates,participatedinasignificantactivityinwhichallofusdidourbitforthecomingWinterOlympics,leavingusamemorableimpression.Havingcomparedvariousactivities,weeventuallydeterminedtohaveatryforfunskiwhichwehadneverexperienced.Upondeciding,weenrolledinatrainingclassthrillinglyanddelightedly.Hardlyhadwereachedtheskiresortwhenthetrainerbegantoadvocateourinvolvementintheactivity.Withgreatpatienceandmeticulosity,hegaveusdetailedinstructionsoninitialpreperationsforskiingandsomeessential2020/3/42019年北京丰台区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=8e2b71057ebe48ef8dd274973ae8a2c7&type=analyze18/18【解析】skills,whicheffectivelyassistedtoarmourselveswithnecessaryknowledgeaswellasbuiltupourconfidence.Withastrongdesiretomakeaperfectperformance,wegotdowntoskiing.Atfirst,wewerefrightenedtogiveashotontheskiresortforthiswasthefirsttimeforustoexperiencetheski.Wehadseveralfalls,strugglingtokeepbalance.Havinggonethroughpainfulfalls,werealizedthatitwastougherthanwehadthought.Eventually,wemadeitsuccessfully.Tocapturethismemorablemoment,wehadourphotostakeninvariesposeswithourthumbsup,broadsmilesspreadingoverourfaces.ItisthisactivitythatspurourconfidencetoworkasvolunteersinWinterOlympics.Absolutelydelighted真得让我感到高兴的是So…that…十分……以至于(强调句型)Withgreatefforts,wewereabletokeepbalanceandskimoreconfidently.在努力之后,我们可以找到平衡且更自信地滑雪了。
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