经典课件-高中英语定语从句

The Attributive clause Teaching Aims Learn the basic concepts about attributive Clause 2. Learn how to choose the correct relative pronouns and proverbs Underline the attributive clauses: Don’t forget the things that once you owned. Treasure the things that you can’t get. Don't give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory. 　　 曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的， 更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。 已经失去的，留作回忆。 在复合句中，修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，充当_______ 使用。 形容词 Don't give up the things that belong to you 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 Hospital is a place where a doctor works. 先行词 关系副词 定语从句 ☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_______ ，引导定语从句的词叫做 ________ 或 _________。 “先行词” “关系代词” “关系副词” * 关系词的作用 ☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用： _____（连接定语从句和主句） 2. _____（替代前面的先行词） 3. ______（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。 连接 替代 做成分 relative pronoun who whom which that as whose 关系代词 指代 在定语从句中所充当的成分 人 物 句子 主语 宾语 定语 * 定语从句三步法： 1. 找出先行词 2. 看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能 （作什么成分？主语、宾语、定语或状语） 3. 选择合适的关系词 考点一：that 和 which 以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。 1. 先行词为不定代词 everything，little, much，all，anything，nothing, none, few时, 3. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，先行词被 all, any , every, little, much, no, some, the only，the very，the last 修饰时， 2. 先行词同时指人和指物时， 4. 在以which / who 为疑问词的特殊疑问句中 1. He talked happily about the men and books _____ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom 2. There is no dictionary _____ you can find. A. that B. which C. where D. in that 3. Is oxygen the only gas _____ helps fire burn? A. it B. / C. which D. that 4. Which was the hotel _____ was recommended to you? A. where B. which C. that D. it 先行词为人和物的组合 先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等修饰时 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the only 等时。 若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 who, which，而用 that。 考点二：以下情况只能用which引导定语从句。 1.引导非限制性定语从句时, 其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 3.句子中同时有两个定语从句，其中一个 已经用了 that 引导时 2. 先行词是物，紧接在介词后面时 （介词+关系代词+定语从句） 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。 The house, which I bought last year, has a lovely garden.　 He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 注意：整个主句作为先行词, 谓语动词用第三人称单数 ————— ———————————————————— * The school ______________ he once studied is very famous. 　 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句： 注意： 1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等 　　 This is the watch （which/that） I am looking for. 2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指物时只能用which；指人时只能用whom　　 The man with whom you talked is my friend. The school ___________ he once studied in is very famous. 　 The man (whom) you talked with is my friend. (that/which) in which/where 考点三：关系代词 as 的用法 一、as引导限制性定语从句 主句中the same, as, such, so修饰先行词，as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。有“如，似，正像”的含义 主要结构有： the same…as; as…as; such…as; so…as Don’t trust such men as praise you to your face. (指人，作主语） We have arrived at the same conclusion as they have. （指物，作宾语） This is the same pen ______I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C.the one D. A&B D 比较： ...the same pen as I lost. ... the same pen that I lost. 很像，不一定就是 就是我不见的那支笔 ☆ the same … as 示同一类人或物； the same … that 指同一个人或物 二、引导非限制性定语从句 ⑴ as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容， 从句可置于句首，句中或句尾 As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long history . The earth , as we know , moves round the sun . Tom works hard and is willing to help others, as we all know. ⑵ 非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时， 常用as做主语 be said /known/announced /reported/mentioned /expected/discussed Grammar , as has been said before, is not a set of dead rules. As is known to all , Taiwan is part of China . 注意：which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。 Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad.  考点四：whose用法 既可以修饰指人也可以修饰指物的先行词。关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格,例： Do you know anyone whose family is in Xi’an? The house whose windows are broken is empty. Do you know anyone the family of whom is in Xi’an? Do you know anyone of whom the family is in Xi’an? whose+名词 = the+ 名词+ of which/ whom = of which/whom the+ 名词 注意：of 不具有所属关系时，不能用whose She would like to read the novel of which a great number of people have heard. 考点五 : way 后面的定语从句 way 后面的定语从句作状语的引导词有： in which/that 或 不填，如： I recognized he’s from Australia from the way _____________________ he speaks. in which ( that / 不填) 填上合适的关系词并原因： 1.The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple. that/ which/不填 that/in which/不填 缺状语 缺宾语 缺少主语或宾语: 引导词用that / which / 不填(缺宾语时) 主语宾语都不缺: 引导词用that / in which / 不填 Relative adverb when where why time place reason 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 关系副词 指代 所充当的句子成分 关系副词=介词+关系代词 　　 why=for which 　　where=in/ at/ on which 　　when=during/ on/ in/…… which （介词同先行词搭配） This is the house in which/where I lived last year. This is the reason for which/why he was late for school. That's the day on which/when I met him in the street. Summary 先行词充当 _____、_____ 或 _____，则用关系代词 先行词充当______，则用关系副词 that , who , whom , which , as , whose where , when , why 主语 宾语 定语 状语 1. I’ll never forget the days _____________ we worked together. 2. I’ll never forget the days ______ we spent together. 3. I went to the place ______________ I worked ten years ago. 4. I went to the place _______ I visited ten years ago. when /in which which where/ in which 几种易混的情况 及物动词 及物动词 which 5. This is the reason _____________ he was late. 6. This is the reason __________ he gave. why/ for which that/which 及物动词 1). a. I saw some trees, and the leaves of _______ were black with disease. b. I saw some trees, the leaves of ______ were black with disease. 2). a. The professor is a little man, on the nose of ______there is a pair of glasses. b. The professor is a little man, and on the nose of ______there is a pair of glasses 解题点拨 : 是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。 　　　　 them whom which him ___ _ 高考考点—易混句型 定语从句与并列句 _ ___ * 返回2 定语从句练习 Tom, _______ father works as a manager is my best friend. A. whose B. that C. who D. where 2. ____ we expected, the weather turned out to be very good A. what B. which C. that D. as 3. Please take the second chair _______ is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 4. I don’t like ____ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 5. Do you know the man ? A. that I spoke B. I spoke to C. to who I spoke D. whom I spoke 6. This is one of the best films this year. A. which has been shown B. that have been shown C. that have shown D. have been shown 7. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. which 专题专练 1. Do you think such a place ____ you speak of is worth visiting? He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday, _____ I doubt very much. There is a lake near our schoolyard, _____ depth is out of your expectation. --Do you have anything in mind _____ you’d like for supper? -- Well, anything is Ok for me. 5. The house in _______ he used to live has turned into a library. as which whose that which = the lake’s 6. Students in our school, most of _____ are from the south of China, enjoy rice very much. 7. Can you think of a situation ______ this idiom is used? 8. ____ is often the case, teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings. 9. Which is the road _____ leads to the village ______ you were born? 10. The newcomer is from Jiangxi, _____ I can tell from his accent. whom As that where which in which = where Homework Review the rules of the attributive clause and finish relevant exercises. Thank you~~~ * * * * 返回2