英语四级答案

四级 Unit 1 Good evening and welcome to ... Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: May I have your attention, please? Thank you for coming. We‟re very glad you could make it. Tonight we are celebrating an agreement between A&A Limited and M&N Technologies, Incorporated to participate in a joint venture. ... and so it is an honor to introduce Mr. Tony Blair, president of A&A Limited. B: Thank you, Dr. Lawrence. It‟s a pleasure to be here. Ladies and Gentlemen, we at A&A are also excited about ... (Half an hour later) A: Thanks a lot Mr. Blair for a remarkable speech. Thank you. B: Thank you, Dr. Lawrence. Thank you for your time. 2. A: Hey, Nancy, is that you? I can‟t believe it! Heard any good presentations? B: Not one. None of them is my cup of tea. I‟m bored to death. A: Is that right? Why not? B: You know, I‟ve been working for over thirty years. There‟s nothing new here. These presentations can‟t tell me anything new. What‟s worse is that tomorrow I‟ll have a desk full of papers to work on. Say, you‟ve just come back from the States, haven‟t you? 3. A: Isn‟t that the guy my son is crazy about? But I never knew his name. B: He‟s Larry King, the famous talk show host who is a household name. He always presents quite a variety of points of view when you listen to him. A: But, I‟ve really got a thing about some talk show hosts. They sometimes are very rude to those who have opposing ideas. B: I usually enjoy listening to them. I particularly like it when a caller disagrees with the host. I like to hear how he will defend his ideas. 4. A: Say, Tom, I really enjoyed the piece you had in the paper last week. You‟ve really worked your way up since I met you on Bob‟s wedding day. B: Thanks. I‟m so flattered. But it‟s always nice to have a pat on the back once in a while. A: You deserve it. I can‟t say that for all journalists, however. B: I‟m sorry to admit that many reporters are giving the profession a bad name. 5. A: Judy, I‟d like you to meet our new business associate. He will be responsible for the project of “Golden Apple” program. B: Pleased to meet you, Mr. Wang. I‟m happy to say that the project is now well under way. But we still appreciate your cooperation. C: The pleasure‟s mine, Judy. Your work is wonderful. B: Thank you for saying so. Would you please follow me to the office? The fellow workers are all waiting for us. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. Dan Quayle / Republican Vice-President 2. Al Gore / Democratic Senator 3. James Stockdale / Retired Vice-Admiral 2) Second Listening Answers 1. two-minute opening statement 2. the issues to be discussed are presented by the moderator 3. a-minute-and-fifteen-second response to the issues under discussion 4. five-minute discussion period 5. order of response to the issues under discussion is determined by a drawing 6. two-minute closing statement Script and Answers to Self-study Introduction to the vice-presidential debate Good evening from Atlanta and welcome to the (1) vice-presidential debates, (2) sponsored by the Nonpartisan Commission on presidential debates. It‟s being held here in the (3) Theater for the Arts on the campus of Georgia Tech. I‟m (4) Hal Bruno from ABC News and I‟m going to be moderating tonight‟s debate. (5) The participants are Republican Vice-President Dan Quayle, (6) Democratic Senator Al Gore, and Retired Vice-Admiral James Stockdale, who is the (7) vice-presidential nominee for independent candidate Ross Perot. Now, the (8) ground rules for tonight‟s debate. Each candidate will have two minutes for (9) an opening statement. I will then (10) present the issues to be discussed. For each topic the candidates will have a minute and fifteen seconds (11) to respond. Then this will be followed by a five-minute discussion period in which they can ask questions of each other if they so choose. Now, the order of response has been determined (12) by a drawing and we‟ll rotate with each topic. At the end of the debate, each candidate will have two minutes for a closing statement. Our radio and TV audience should know that the candidates were given (13) an equal allocation of auditorium seats for their supporters, so I‟d like to ask the audience here in the theater to please (14) refrain from applause or any partisan demonstration once the debate is under way because it takes time away from the candidates. So, (15) with that plea from your moderator, let‟s get started and we‟ll turn first to Senator Gore for his opening statement. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer ? A very popular weekly small-talk program on television. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers Item 1: 1. Jackie Chan Subject of the program 2. Larry King Host of the program 3. Simon Director, checking the arrangement 4. Amanda Production assistant to the director 5. Jason Looking after the guests Item 2: 1. No 2. No 3. No 4. Not Given 5. Yes Script This is your life! This is your life is one of the most popular small-talk programs on American television. Every week a leading personality is invited to a television studio, without knowing that he or she will be the subject of the program. The host starts the program with a short introduction and then meets the person at the entrance of a specified studio and says, “This is your life!” The person then meets friends and relatives from his or her past in the very studio. Studio B is where today‟s program is recorded. The program begins at 7:30. It‟s 6:15 now and the director, Simon is checking the preparations with his production assistant, Amanda. The subject of tonight‟s show will be a world-leading actor, Jackie Chan. The host, as usual, will be Larry King. Simon: Let‟s just check the arrangements. We‟re bringing Jackie Chan here in a studio car. Amanda: Is he informed what program he‟s coming to? Simon: No 行 he thinks he‟s coming to a discussion program! Amanda: Great! Now, the driver has been told to arrive at exactly 7:25, hasn‟t he? Simon: Right! The program begins at seven thirty. At that time Jackie will be walking to the studio. Larry King will start his introduction at 7:31, and Jackie will arrive at 7:32. Larry will meet him at the studio entrance ... Amanda: Will Camera B be there? Simon: Yes. Then he‟ll take him to that seat. It‟ll be on Camera A. Jackie will be sitting there during the whole program. Amanda: Where will Larry be sitting? Simon: For most of the show Larry will be standing in the middle, and he‟ll be on Camera C. The guests will come through that door, talk to Larry and Jackie ... and then sit over there. Now, is that all clear? Amanda: Yes ... there‟s just one thing. Simon: Well, what is it? Amanda: Who‟s going to look after the guests during the show? Simon: Jason is. Amanda: And where will they be waiting during the show? Simon: In the dressing-room, as usual. Jason will be waiting with them, and he‟ll be watching the show on the monitor. He‟ll tell them two minutes before they enter. Amanda: I think that‟s everything. Real World Speaking Use an extension activity to further expand the discussion in Listening Task and Real World Listening. Answers for Reference a. establish the significance of the speech b. establish relevant connections c. stress the speaker‟s credibility d. be consistent with the main speech e. be brief f. don‟t cover the speaker‟s topic g. don‟t oversell the speaker 2. Answers for Reference Step 1: claim the audience‟s attention and express thanks for their coming Step 2: self-introduction Step 3: introduce the participants (debaters) Step 4: introduce the ground rules Step 5: announce the start 3. Answer for Reference Larry King: Good evening and welcome to This is your life. This is Larry King speaking. We‟re waiting for the subject of tonight‟s program. He‟s one of the world‟s leading actors, and he thinks he‟s coming here to take part in a discussion program ... I can hear him now ... yes, here he is! Jackie Chan ... This is your life! 4. Answer for Reference May I have your attention, please? Thank you for coming. We‟re very glad you could make it. Our speaker tonight is a very interesting man. He works fulltime as a banker, but paints and writes in his free time. Last year he won the title of “Star Citizen” in our city. It is an honor to introduce Mr. Thomas Wong, Director of the Arts Foundation. Unit 2 Open to everything! Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: You look awful. What happened? B: I have difficulty sleeping, and I‟m anxious and depressed. I feel miserable. I‟m dying for a vacation. A: Maybe all that school work is too much for you. You may try meditation and cut back on fatty foods. B: You‟re probably right. I really need to try a different lifestyle. 2. A: How do you like your life here? B: Wonderful. People are friendly and foods are delicious. A: It seems you are getting over your craving for McDonald‟s. B: That‟s true. I‟m used to a life without Klondike bars and the pancake house. What I really thirst for is a cappuccino after dinner. 3. A: The recent survey found that youngsters are more concerned about finding work and earning money. B: That‟s understandable. I think today‟s youths have a higher sense of independence. A: Many older people say that young people are less prepared for adult life than previous generations. B: I can‟t agree. Maybe it‟s due to the generation gap. I remember when I was young I was itching to leave home as soon as possible. 4. A: You‟re hanging out a lot. When will you be ready to start a family? B: What for? I see little advantage in tying the knot. Look at my married friends. They used to be career-oriented but now they are tied to household drudgery. A: Are you following the latest stay-single trend? B: Yeah, I‟d give anything to have my own free time, and it‟s more relaxing to be alone. 5. A: I am in the mood for traveling abroad, but I cannot afford it. B: I have an idea. If you like to work with children, you can volunteer in Bali at a mountain village. I had a truly ideal experience there. A: Marvelous! Tell me more about it. B: I was a volunteer English teacher there last summer. It gave me a taste of life in a developing country. I learned the basics of a wonderful language. I had the chance to surf on the weekends, and I lived with an incredible family. Listening Task 1. Pre-listening Activity Answer Science Fiction 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. By visiting a cyber café? 2. No two cyber café are alike. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. To enjoy Internet café. 2. Entering an Internet café is like taking a wee bite of a Big Mac to her. 3. At Krakatit, you can surf the Web with a spaceship and talk to dragons and robots. 4. Cyber café will soon be replaced by mobile phones with high-speed Internet access. Script Kept within a few clicks of hearth and home In Rome, you can read your email while your dirty clothes wash, soak and dry in machines beside you. In Helsinki, you can surf the Web while still sweating from a simmer in a nearby sauna. Some people travel to sample the finest of foreign cuisines. Some seek sublime art to appreciate or sacred architecture to celebrate. Me, I‟ve come to think of myself as an international connoisseur of Internet café. In my past five months overseas, I‟ve surfed the information superhighway in Swaziland, driven the data expressway in Estonia and cruised the communication causeway in Croatia. And I can say this: Gone are the days when postcards were the preferred method of making those at home envious of your adventures abroad. Set foot on the road to faraway places and you‟ll soon find that cyber café are an inescapable part of the contemporary travel experience. Just ask Michelle Amundson from Attleboro, Mass. I found this 23-year-old parked in front of a flat-screen monitor at Big Net café --the biggest Internet café in Vienna 行 exchanging love notes with her boyfriend back home. Michelle has been on vacation 10 days and has emailed him every one of them. Think of myself: My (much) better half is traveling with me and still of the 35 cities we‟ve visited thus far, I‟ve used cyber café in precisely 71.4 percent of them. When I left the US, I vowed I wouldn‟t eat at a single McDonald‟s no matter how cheap and soothingly familiar the food might be. I‟ve stayed true to that promise. But I admit when I slip into an Internet café I feel just a wee bit like I‟m taking a bite of a Big Mac. I comfort myself, however, with the discovery that no two cyber café are alike. It‟s hard to know where to begin in Prague, a city suffering a particularly virulent strain of cyber café-itis. At The Globe you can surf the Net while listening to a jazz trio. At Bohemian Bagel you can order up the namesake roll and a cup of joe along with a side of cyber crack. And at Krakatit, a “science fiction ” café you can surf the Web surrounded by pictures of dragons and spaceships and robots, oh my. Some people predict that cyber café, like postcards, will soon find themselves a relic as mobile phones with high-speed Internet access replace them as the new traveler‟s darling. That means no matter where we are we‟ll always have the World Wide Web in our pocket. And no matter where we are, we‟ll never be more than a button press (or two) from the comforts of home. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer ? He is an exchange student living with a host family. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers 1. Japan 2. it‟s the first time he came to the United States 3. they wanted to broaden their children‟s horizons 4. science and history Script and Answers to Self-study Open to everything Anchor: Believe it or not, we are seeing many foreign students in our town. We‟re interested in their life and study here. Today we‟ve invited the administrative specialist for foreign exchange Jeff Hein, a host mother Teri Benedetti, and an exchange student Aki to join our talk. Mr. Hein, why do so many foreign students come to our town? Jeff Hein:: They arrive here through programs operated by nonprofit placement services. Most of them are here because they know someone here and are able to live with them. Or, their parents have done work here and had met someone, and the young people live with those families. It‟s especially true for our high schools. Anchor: Where are they from? Jeff Hein:: They‟re from Australia, China, Korea, Thailand and the Philippines. Anchor: Aki, where are you from and how did you come here? Aki: I‟m from Korea. I‟ve visited the United States on vacation twice before. I want to do something else after 10 years of schooling back home. I learned about World Heritage at my school in Korea and I applied and this program arranged my stay here. Anchor: Mrs. Benedetti, how did you come upon the idea of hosting a foreign student? Teri Benedetti: My husband and I applied to host an exchange student partly to broaden our children‟s horizons. It‟s good for our children to know the United States is not the only country in the world, and that everyone has the same feelings inside, but we live in different cultures. Anchor: How did your children feel about living with a foreign student? Teri Benedetti: They were really very excited about having a new older brother. It offers them a great opportunity to be exposed to another lifestyle and another language. Anchor: Mr. Hein, what do the foreign students learn here in our schools? Jeff Hein:: They‟re held to the same academic standards as any other student here. They‟re required to be proficient in English and take a course load that includes math, reading, English, science and history classes. But the credits they earn here don‟t necessarily transfer back to their home schools. As a result, the time exchange students spend here often amounts to a year off of their studies. So this year is basically language practice and learning American culture. Anchor: Are exchange students welcome in our schools? Jeff Hein:: Certainly. Learning is a two-way street. Our students learn as much from the international students as they learn from us. They all deal with many of the same things, even though they‟re from different cultures and different lands. Anchor: Aki, what do you particularly want to do here? Aki: Just to see the country and another culture. I‟m open to everything. Unit 3 You are what you wear Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: You look great recently. B: Thank you. I have finally worked out what style matches my body and personality. A: You really look nice in these lively colored dresses. You should stick to it. B: It‟s very kind of you to say so. 2. A: You look a little down. What‟s the matter with you? B: I didn‟t do well on one of my college entrance tests. I feel rather blue. A: I‟m so sorry for you. But, cheer up! Try these festive looking clothes. Clothing that feels good can boost your morale. B: Thank you for reminding me. 3. A: I‟d like to look at a classic business suit, an all-occasion suit that never goes out of style. B: What do you think of this one with a light pin stripe. A: Yes, it looks good. But I prefer a solid color. B: Here, try this three-piece dark worsted. That looks almost tailor-made for you. 4. A: Hi, Sue. It‟s Mary, Mary Graham. B: Oh hi, Mary. How are you? A: Listen, um ... I want to ask you some questions about Jim Wilson. Um, is he a, a formal kind of guy, or does he dress casually? B: Oh, he is a guy who is often dressed to kill. He always wears three-piece suits and ties 行 dressed very much in style. 5. A: Why are you looking like you誶e on cloud nine, dear? B: Yes, I am. Guess what, I‟ve invited the professor and his wife to dinner. A: How wonderful. I‟m really happy for you. B: Thank you, dear. You‟d better put your glad rags on. Listening Task 1) First Listening Answers ? That clothes often define the person means clothes can reveal personality, status and attitude to life. ? Clothing not only tells something about the wearer but also affects the way others think of the person. ? Clothing may often betray what is within. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. An opportunity for individuality/ independence vanishes. 2. No. 3. Through the clothing he or she wears. 4. Clothes should be carefully chosen so as not to reveal what is within. 5. Clothing can help older people feel better about themselves and present a positive image to those around them. Script Clothes make the man “Clothes make the man? runs the old proverb. If you believe that, you might feel that clothing enhances appearance, increases independence, allows for function, and provides comfort. What‟s more, clothing that is neat and clean, fits well, and feels good can boost anyone‟s morale. People express their personality in many ways, including through their clothing, hair style, and accessories. That‟s why clothes often define the person. Clothes can indicate personality, status, and attitude to life. A man may have worn a beard all his life, a woman may have worn makeup. If their ability to choose their appearance is taken away, then an opportunity for independence/individuality vanishes. Keeping some familiar clothes and personal articles helps them retain some sense of self-control over what is happening. Research shows that when a woman dresses for success, it does not guarantee success, but if she dresses poorly or inappropriately, it almost always ensures failure. Our clothes are very much part of our personality. Clothing protects people from humidity, heat, and cold, and helps them feel physically comfortable. Clothing at the same time gives the wearer a sense of well-being. It tells something about the person. Clothing also affects the way others see, think of, and react to the person. A person can be comfortable or uncomfortable wearing a certain garment or type of clothing in a social situation. Social comfort may be involved when a person wishes to “make an impression” through the clothing he or she wears. So, clothes should be carefully chosen so as not to reveal what is within. Before making choices about clothing, it is important to understand how clothing affects people. For example, making decisions about clothing can increase older people‟s sense of independence and help them feel better about themselves. The stereotype says older people don‟t care about their appearance. But, research shows that most older people think of themselves as younger than they are, their sense of fashion reflects their youthful thinking and the fashion of earlier years when they were younger, and they like clothing that looks good on them. Clothing can help older people feel better about themselves and present a positive image to those around them. Sending positive appearance messages may increase older people‟s opportunities for social interaction. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer ? The outfits she should take along for her trip. 1. Get the Main Ideas Answers T ____ Sue has a conference to attend in a Northern European country. T ____ In addition to the conference, Sue may have many other social activities to attend. F ____ Ann suggests Sue not bring any wool, because the worsted is out of date. F ____ Sue plans to get one or two brand-name gowns because she wants to draw undue attention. F ____ According to Ann, the synthetic blend dress is especially convenient for travel. But Sue thinks it will make her look out of place. Sue ? Stick to conservative colors and patterns. ? Coordinate some skirts and blouses. ? Wear the same outfit in several different ways. ? Add a few cardigans and a scarf for different occasions. ? Get one or two designer gowns so as not to look out of place. Ann ? Need several changes of business suits. ? Evening dresses for social gatherings and parties. ? A smartly tailored navy blue suit has a casual look. ? A white or blue blouse that matches the blue suit gives a professional look. ? A synthetic blend dress is convenient for travel. ? Lively colored dresses will provide a nice change from time to time. Script and Answers to Self-study Clothes for a special occasion Sue: Ann, I need your help. Ann: What do you need, Sue? I‟m always pleased to help. Sue: I have an international conference to attend in Norway, and I‟m going to stay there for two weeks. But I have no clothes for that cold climate. I know you‟ve been to Northern Europe, so I need your suggestions about the (1) outfits I should take along. Ann: OK. You‟ve found the right person. Let‟s see. You‟ll be gone for two weeks, so you‟ll need (2) several changes of business suits. No doubt, there‟ll be a few parties and (3) social gatherings while you誶e there, so you‟ll need some evening dresses for those special occasions. Am I right? Sue: Yes, I‟m sure you are. But what should I wear for those rather (4) elegant banquets and dances during the conference? Ann: No problem. I‟ll help (5) outfit you completely before you go. Let‟s start with your business suits and dresses. You‟ll want them warm, of course, but you won‟t want them to be too much trouble to care for, so (6) all wool is out. Sue: I guess I‟d better (7) stick to conservative colors and patterns, and I‟d like to (8) coordinate some skirts and blouses so that I can wear the same outfit in several different ways. Ann: That‟s exactly what I had in mind. I think a (9) smartly tailored navy blue suit would suit you. It has a (10) casual look, yet it can be worn with a matching white blouse or light blue blouse to give it a more professional look. You can wear it to any of your meetings, with or without the blouse. Sue: If I add a few (11) cardigans and a scarf to go with it, I can wear it on different occasions. How about something in blue? Ann: What do you think of a (12) synthetic blend dress? It‟s warm, yet quite lightweight. It‟s especially convenient for travel. And the best thing is that you can wash it right in your hotel room, hang it up, and it will dry (13) wrinkle-free overnight. Sue: I think I‟ll also get one or two designer gowns. I won‟t look out of place in them there, will I? Ann: No, you won‟t. Though you don‟t want to (14) draw undue attention, you‟ll want to look (15) professional and festive at the same time. A couple of lively colored dresses will give you a nice change from time to time. Sue: Right. I can‟t believe I‟m doing this. I‟m going to buy several new outfits and double my wardrobe -- all for a two-week trip! Unit 5 You are my rescuer Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: Jenny looks in good humor today! B: She is engaged to John, don‟t you know? A: John? Is he a golden boy? B: Yeah, and he not only has a bright future, but also is ready to go through hell and high water to help his friends. 2. A: I just can‟t understand why people think Nick is the greatest thing since sliced bread? B: I think that is mainly because he is the person who will grasp the thistle. A: What do you mean? B: Well, he always attacks difficult situations with bold determination. 3. A: Oh, poor lamb, he has failed for three times! B: But I believe he will try for the fourth time. A: Why do you think so? B: I know him well. He has got guts. He won‟t stop until he succeeds. 4. A: John is in high feather today. B: You see, he has overcome so many difficulties and finally accomplishes it. A: He is indeed a strong-minded person. B: I couldn‟t agree with you more. Once he knows where the shoe pinches, he will leave no stone unturned to solve it. 5. A: Did you watch the debate contest yesterday? B: No, but I heard Peter won the first prize. A: Yes, he is so intelligent that his answering speech always left his opponent without a leg to stand on. B: He is so hot on it. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. My parents couldn‟t believe the bizarre specimens of boyhood that I regularly dragged home. 2. It is bad enough bringing home a complete loser, but when you date someone twice your age it is guaranteed to push family relations to the limit. 3. In my case, my parents wisely switched to a more wily way of attempting to get rid of boyfriends whom they felt were inappropriate. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. One of my first “romances” was with greasy-haired David, whose drug problem did not go down too well with my family members. So why did David seem so attractive to me? Simple, my parents strongly disapproved of him. 2. The parents of Mary Russell encountered this when their 16-year-old daughter entered into a relationship with her 32-year-old teacher. Mary‟s parents failed to dissuade their daughter from dating her older teacher and, following a bitter court case, the lovesick couple are now back in each other‟s arms. 3. Indeed, by the time I‟d reached 17 and had my first serious boyfriend, there were no more arguments. Nor were there any obvious signs of dislike. They tried an approach that they thought would be far more effective than verbal condemnation 行 they invited him to a boring family get-together. Script Blind love You can hardly blame my parents for being so disapproving of my teenage boyfriends. During my adolescent years I was strangely attracted to losers and oddballs. My parents couldn‟t believe the bizarre specimens of boyhood that I regularly dragged home. One of my first “romances” was with greasy-haired David, whose drug problem did not go down too well with my family members. So why did David seem so attractive to me? Simple, my parents strongly disapproved of him. There is nothing new, of course, in parental disapproval of teenage love interests. Nor is there anything new in teenagers falling in love with the biggest losers around. Adolescent girls with eccentric boyfriends are essentially screaming out to their parents, “if you can‟t accept that I‟m old enough to make my own decisions, I‟ll just have to prove it to you in a way that you are sure to notice? So why do parents fail to realize that the more they oppose unsuitable boyfriends, the more their daughters will pick them out? After all, did my mother really think that in my heart of hearts I truly fancied the losers? Had she simply smiled and said sweetly, “What a darling boy. Let‟s invite him round for Sunday lunch”, he would have been given the boot in no time. It is bad enough bringing home a complete loser, but when you date someone twice your age it is guaranteed to push family relations to the limit. The parents of Mary Russell encountered this when their 16-year-old daughter entered into a relationship with her 32-year-old teacher. “There were a lot of arguments between her and me and her dad about it not being right,” said Mrs. Russell. Surprisingly, despite all the fights, Mary‟s parents failed to dissuade their daughter from dating her older teacher and, following a bitter court case, the lovesick couple are now back in each other‟s arms. In my case, my parents wisely switched to a more wily way of attempting to get rid of boyfriends whom they felt were inappropriate. Indeed, by the time I‟d reached 17 and had my first serious boyfriend, there were no more arguments. Nor were there any obvious signs of dislike. They tried an approach that they thought would be far more effective than verbal condemnation 行 they invited him to a boring family get-together. Now I realize my mother‟s initial disapproval of my teenage romances is a universal feeling. Parents want children to fulfill their own dreams. Their hopes were fairly normal: they wanted to witness my wedding vows; they wanted to see their daughter settled down in a well-established family; they wanted me to get married and have kids. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer ? Yes. Because Shrek looks like an ugly ogre. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers Question 1: ? The princess regards him as a brave knight and the donkey as his noble steed. ? The princess thinks that Shrek is her true love. ? Princess Fiona was expecting that Shrek was Prince Charming. Question 2: ? Princess Fiona is very disappointed when she finds that Shrek is as ugly as an ogre. ? The princess thinks that everything is wrong. ? At first the donkey is nothing more than a pet in her mind. Script and Answers to Self-study First kiss from an ogre? Lord Farquaad wants to be a king, but the premise is that he must marry a princess. Shrek, an ugly-looking man, regarded as an ogre by most of the people, wants to lead a peaceful life in his own swamp. The two make a deal. Shrek is sent to rescue Princess Fiona, who has a curse upon her of a fearful sort which could only be broken by love‟s first kiss. The princess is locked away in a castle guarded by a terrible fire-breathing dragon. She waits in the dragon‟s keep for her true love and true love‟s first kiss. In order to get his swamp back, Shrek takes adventures to rescue Princess Fiona. The following conversation occurs among the princess and Shrek, and Shrek‟s chatterbox companion, a donkey. (Shrek manages to rescue Princess Fiona.) Princess: You did it. You rescued me! You are amazing. You‟re ... You‟re wonderful. You‟re ... a little (1) unorthodox I‟ll admit. But your deed is great, and your heart is pure. I am eternally (2) in your debt. (Donkey clears throat) Princess: And where would a brave knight be without his noble steed? Donkey: I hope you heard that. She called me a (3) noble steed. She thinks I‟m a steed. Princess: The battle is won. You may (3) remove your helmet, good Sir Knight. Shrek: Uh, no. Princess: Why not? Shrek: I, I have helmet hair. Princess: Please. I would like to (4) look upon the face of my rescuer. Shrek: No, no. You wouldn‟t. Princess: But how will you kiss me with your helmet on? Shrek: What! That wasn‟t in the (5) job description. Donkey: Maybe it‟s a perk. Princess: No, it‟s destiny. Oh, you must know (6) how it goes. A princess locked in a tower and beset by a fire-breathing dragon is rescued by a brave knight, and then they (7) share love‟s first kiss. Donkey: Hmm? With Shrek? You think ... Wait, wait. You think that Shrek is your true love? Princess: Well, yes. (Laughing) Donkey: You think Shrek is your true love! Princess: What is so funny? Shrek: Let‟s just say I‟m (8) not your type, Okay? Princess: Of course, you are. You are my rescuer. Now ... Now remove your helmet. Shrek: Look. I really don‟t think this is a good idea. Princess: Just (9) take off the helmet. Shrek: I am not going to. Princess: Take it off. Shrek: No. Princess: Now! Shrek: Okay! Easy. (10) As you command, Your Highness. (Shrek takes off his helmet. Princess Fiona is shocked at his appearance.) Princess: You ... You‟re a ... an ogre. Shrek: Oh, you were expecting (11) Prince Charming. Princess: Well, yes, actually. Oh, no. This is all wrong. You are not (12) supposed to be an ogre. Shrek: (Sighs) Princess, I was sent to rescue you by Lord Farquaad, Ok? He is the one who wants to marry you. Princess: Then why didn‟t he come to rescue me? Shrek: Good question. You should ask him that when we get there. Princess: But I (13) have to be rescued by my true love, not by some ogre and ... and his pet. Donkey: So much for a noble steed. Shrek: Princess, you are not (14) making my job easier. Princess: I‟m sorry, but your job is not (15) my problem? Real World Speaking Answers for Reference On the one hand, parents are the first teachers of their own child. They shoulder a great part of the responsibility for the growth of the child. In terms of law, parents are the legitimate guardians of their child. They have the right to give their child proper guidance. The young cannot tell right from wrong. It will be harmful if parents let things drift. On the other hand, if parents are too deeply involved into their child‟s personal business, it will worsen the parent-child relationship. Inappropriate ways of interference in a child‟s life may ruin the harmonious family life. Parents and children need patient communication, instead of cold war, to close the generation gap. Since many factors may contribute to that phenomenon, the two sides should make joint efforts to overcome it. Unit 6 A three-way marriage? Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: Hi, Julie, fancy meeting you here! Where is George? B: Oh, he is busy, Georgia. Hey, isn‟t this a nice digital camera? A: Yeah, I just bought it to take picture of little Barbara. B: ... and keeping track of every step she takes? 2. A: ... Hello! This is Mr. and Mrs. Lincoln speaking! We are not in at the ... B: Hi! Rosemary! Pick up the phone! I know you‟re there ... A: (My goodness!) Hello, Linda, what‟s up? You know, I‟m in the middle of ... B: Dishwashing this time?! Why don‟t you arrange for somebody else to do the job? You poor housewife! 3. A: Is the girl sitting over there Doria? B: Which one? ... Oh, yes, definitely! Pity she is no longer the happy-go-lucky girl she was back in the middle school ... A: What happened? B: She was literally torn apart when her stepmother died. It seems that she has never recovered since. 4. A: Hello again, you two little love birds ... B: Come on, Jasmine! Don‟t be so ... Where is Jackie? A: Who is Jackie?! I don‟t know anyone by that name ... B: If you would stop being funny and he were less devoted to his work, things would be much better ... 5. A: Hello, dear Evelin, this is Grandpa. Are you coming to join us for Christmas? B: I‟m trying to arrange my work so that I can visit you and Grandma. I miss you so much. A: We too. Grandma will be delighted. B: Tell her not to bother with the arrangements for the holiday. I can help when I arrive. Listening Task 1. Pre-listening Activity Answers for Reference 1. Draw a dish on the table. 2. Draw a pen. 3. Draw a needle in the woman‟s hand. 4. The child needs a schoolbag to go to school. 2. Listening Activity Now listen to the monologue carefully. 1) First Listening Answers a) Female. b) Since a wife is supposed to do all the household chores for the family and she takes good care f the husband and children, isn‟t it a good thing to be served well by a wife? c) Sarcastic. 2) Second Listening Answers a) I belong to that classification of people known as wives. I am a wife. And, not altogether incidentally I am a mother. b) As I thought about him while I was ironing one evening, it suddenly occurred to me that I, too, would like to have a wife. Why do I want a wife? c) I want a wife who will wash the children‟s cloths and keep them mended. d) I want a wife who is a good nurturing attendant to my children, ... e) ... who arranges for their schooling, makes sure that they have an adequate social life with their peers, takes them to the park, the zoo, etc. f) I want a wife who will take care of my physical needs. I want a wife who will keep my house clean. A wife who will pick up after me. Script and Answers to Self-study She wants a “wife” I belong to that classification of people known as wives. I am a wife. And, (1) not altogether incidentally, I am a mother. Not too long ago a male friend of mine appeared on the scene (2) fresh from a recent divorce. He had a child, who is, of course, with his ex-wife. As I thought about him while I (3) was ironing one evening, it suddenly (4) occurred to me that I, too, would like to have a wife. Why do I want a wife? I want a wife who will work and send me to school. And while I am going to school I want a wife to take care of my children. I want a wife to (5) keep track of the children‟s doctor and dentist appointments. And to keep track of mine, too. I want a wife to make sure my children eat properly and are kept clean. I want a wife who will wash the children‟s clothes and (6) keep them mended. I want a wife who is a good nurturing attendant to my children, who (7) arranges for their schooling, makes sure that they have an adequate social life (8) with their peers, takes them to the park, the zoo, etc. I want a wife who takes care of the children when they are sick, a wife who arranges to be around when the children need special care, because, of course, I cannot miss classes at school. (9) Needless to say, my wife will arrange and pay for the care of the children while she is working. I want a wife who will take care of my (10) physical needs. I want a wife who will keep my house clean. A wife who will (11) pick up after me. I want a wife who will keep my clothes clean, ironed, mended, (12) replaced when needed, and who will see to it that my (13) personal things are kept in their proper place so that I can find what I need the minute I need it. I want a wife who cooks the meals. I want a wife who will not bother me with (14) rambling complaints about a wife‟s duties. But I want a wife who will listen to me when I feel the need to explain a rather difficult point I have come across in my (15) course of studies. And I want a wife who will type my papers for me when I have written them. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer The husband fell in love with another woman but he still loved his wife. The relationship between the man and the other woman kind of opened him up and improved the relationship with his wife, as the wife commented. The other woman whom he fell in love with didn‟t expect such a relationship but she wanted a family and she wanted a “wife”/ family to take care of her children. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers 1. He claimed that he loved his wife, too, plus the latter is the mother of his two children, and that he didn‟t want to break the family. 2. 1) The relationship between the husband and wife improved, in a way. 2) The relationship with Patti kind of “opened up” the man. 3. Though she didn‟t grow up picturing it for her marriage, Patti has no other way out but to accept the fact. Script A three-way marriage? Man: I had been married to Mindy for eight years when Patty and I ... Reporter: You and Patty work in the same firm as lawyers? Man: Yes. Reporter: And you fell in love with Patty? Man: I did. Reporter: You were no longer in love with Mindy? Man: Well, the fact is, my marriage did seem dead. I was meeting Patty, I fell in love with her. I thought of leaving Mindy, but I realized I couldn‟t, I loved her too, plus she is the mother of my two children, and I didn‟t want to break up the family. Reporter: You were in love with two women? Man: Yes. And I could either tear things apart or I could try to bring everything together. So t he three of us sat down and talked and we decided to try this. Reporter: This being the three of you. Man: Yes. That was two years ago, and since then, Patti and Mindy have become close, and we decided to have a child together. Reporter: And you think that justifies you in being joined in matrimony, as a threesome? Man: Well, we are a family, Miss Lake. Conventional? No. But we‟re happy, we‟re devoted to each other, the kids live in a home with love and trust and security. How many people in this room can make the same claim? Mindy: At first I was devastated-- my husband having an affair, I was destroyed. Reporter: How did you respond? Mindy: I cried for about two weeks. I think one of the reasons why it was so painful is that, it came at a time when our relationship seemed stronger than ever ... Reporter: While he was engaged with another woman? Mindy: I didn‟t know that. All I knew is that we were laughing together again, talking, being affectionate-- that had been missing for a long time. Reporter: Just a second. You said that you were laughing, talking and loving each other more once he started this affair? Mindy: Strangely enough. Reporter: Why, do you think? Mindy: Well, his relationship with Patti kind of opened him up. Maybe that helped my relationship with him ... I can‟t sort it out. Patti: I would be the evil other woman, yes. Reporter: You seem to wear the badge proudly. Patti: I work. I wanted a family. I didn‟t really want to turn my kids over to a nanny. As nuts as it sounds, in addition to getting a husband, I am marrying the mother of my children. Reporter: And it, it does sound nuts. Patti: You don‟t have to tell me that ... Reporter: Surely you didn‟t grow up picturing this for your marriage? Patti: No .. Reporter: You sounded a little sad with that answer. Patti: I grew up with the same dreams as everybody else. I dreamed of my wedding day, had visions of my little house, my garden ... It didn‟t work out exactly according to plan ... Unit 7 Online dating Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: You seem to be floating on air. What happened? B: Don‟t you know? My girlfriend is coming to see me. A: Good for you! How did you meet her? B: We’ve been chatting online for some time. We both took an instant liking to each other. 2. A: What do you say we try online chat to practice our English? B: That‟s a good idea. But we have to play it safe because some people use online chat to take advantage of others. A: You don‟t say! But many people are keen on chatting online. B: Remember not to tell anyone online any of your personal information. Then you can go online. 3. A: You spend a lot of time on the Internet. What can you do there? B: You name it, the Internet has it. I usually surf the Net, read news and anything I am interested in, check emails, chat with other people. Sometimes I buy things too. A: I see. That‟s why you are so stuck to it. B: You are right. I‟m getting into the Net and maybe I can find a girlfriend online. 4. A: I‟m getting more and more spam lately. I can‟t put up with it. B: Neither can I. We must be more on guard online and try to find some way to filter it. A: But the spammers seem to be able to circumvent any barrier we set up. B: Maybe their message is their Achilles‟ heel because they have to deliver their message, whatever it is. If we can write software that recognizes their message, there‟s no way they can get around that. 5. A: Have you heard of identity theft? B: Yes. Some people get someone‟s social security number online and use it to apply for credit cards and credit lines. Then they buy things with the credit cards. A: Do you know that identity theft has become an epidemic? It‟s reported that just by a very modest calculation, there were over 700 000 victims in the United States last year. B: It blows my mind! One can never be too cautious online. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. In marriage. 2. In the man‟s country. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. She was in the USA and he in England. 2. For almost a year. 3. He sent flowers to her job site. 4. A true relationship (love) was developing. 5. He went to meet her family in Texas at Christmas and they married on the 18th. Script and Answers to Self-study Our “true testimony” of international Internet match-making You hear of it happening more and more these days-- someone meeting over the Internet and resulting in marriage. It may seem like a fairy tale coming true-- until it happens to you or someone you know. I am one of the few who met their “life mates” through the Internet and that‟s just how we also felt when it happened to us. We met in a chat room on the subject of computers and the Internet. I was in the USA and he was in England. We chatted on the Internet and by phone for almost a year before we finally met. We were both going through the end of our marriages and just enjoyed having each other to talk to and discovered we had a lot in common. In no time at all, it felt as if we‟d known each other for years. He sometimes called me at work, and oh, such lovely email greetings we‟d sent each other. It truly was a “worldly romance” in bloom!! On my birthday-- much to the awe and delight of my friends-- he sent flowers to my job site. Since my co-workers relieved me for breaks, he had spoken to them many times when he would call for me-- this made him become “real” and very well known. As time went by, even they were soon to admit a true relationship was developing. Our feelings steadily blossomed into a beautiful love. As we prepared for our first meeting, we both were amazed at how everything seemed to just work itself out for us! It was as if it were a “sign” encouraging us every step of the way! When my plane landed in England and we held each other for the first time, there was such a sense of love and endearment that it felt as though we had always been together. From the start of our first meeting we both felt so comfortable and secure with each other. Since we had talked for so long on the Internet, we felt a natural connection to each other. It was amazing how we perfectly matched as we knew about each other in every way. Anyone who had seen us together could see how much in love we were. Through the events of his meeting my family in Texas at Christmas and our marrying on the 18th, it made December 2000 a month to remember. We now live in England where we are making the plans we had once only chatted about through a computer-- a reality of a beautiful life together. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer ? Some online dating incidents. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers a. Anchor: A man from Ecuador, living in the American Midwest, was having a hard time relating to American women. He went onto a Hispanic dating service and met a woman from Venezuela. She came to visit him and they got married, and have children, and are reportedly happy. b. Mrs. Crick: She met her husband online because she worked nights and didn‟t have time for social gatherings. She thought she could talk with someone online, ask all the questions and get to know the person. She was very happy with her husband. c. Mr. Dykma: One of his friends almost went to the Ukraine after spending some time surfing MeetForeignWomen.com. d. Michelle: She met a man online. He said he wants someone who‟s intelligent, kind, honest, respectful of others, and really wants to have a fun, quality life with a creative guy who will do his best to make everyday the best he can for her. He turned the ad into a quiz: “If you‟re interested in contacting me, ask me four good questions. You‟ll be graded on sincerity and creativity.” She didn‟t want to be graded to “win” the chance for a date. Script Online dating Anchor: Dozens of Web sites have provided dating services. Curiosity, desire and the need for companionship make them a sure-fire business. Today we are going to talk about the world of high-tech dating. Mrs. Crick is 55 years old. She lives in Las Vegas and is newly married through online dating. Crick: Yes, I met my husband online. I have never been happier ... He is everything I ever wanted and more .. I don‟t hang out or go to clubs or social gatherings ... just really don‟t have time ... I work nights and this cuts into any social scenes I might find ... but online, you can talk with someone, ask all the questions you want and get to know the person before you actually meet them ... when you do you can find out if they are telling the truth .. Anchor: Mr. Dykma, have you tried online dating? Dykma: I don‟t like online dating. But someone very close to me almost went to the Ukraine earlier this year, after spending some time surfing MeetForeignWomen.com. I can‟t believe that people are so eager to be married that they would travel to a place simply to find a bride. Anchor: Of course, people will do anything in the name of love. A friend told me about a man from Ecuador, living in the American Midwest, who was having a hard time relating to American women. He went onto a Hispanic dating service and met a woman from Venezuela. She came to visit and they got married, and have children, and are reportedly happy. What do you think, Michelle? Michelle: Yes, happy means different things to different people. Once I was online and met this BB. He said he wants someone who‟s intelligent, kind, honest, respectful of others, and really wants to have a fun, quality life with a creative guy who will do his best to make everyday the best he can for her. Anchor: Sounds good. Did you meet him in person? Michelle: But then, he turned the ad into a quiz: “If you‟re interested in contacting me, try this; ask me four good questions. Make誩m good, you‟ll be graded on sincerity and creativity. Please also have a photo.” I don‟t want a quiz. I don‟t want to be graded to “win” the chance for a date. I wonder what would happen if I met BB on the street, at a party, bumped into him in a museum. Would I react differently? Would I want to get to know him better? This ad turns me off. Real World Speaking Answers for Reference 1) They met in a chat room on a subject that they both are interested in. 2) They chatted on the Internet for almost a year before they finally met. 3) They discovered they had a lot in common. 4) They called and sent email greetings and even flowers to each other. 5) He had spoken to her friends, which made the relationship more real. 6) They felt so comfortable and secure with each other. Self-study Answers 1-e, 2-i, 3-b, 4-g, 5-a, 6-f, 7-j, 8-c, 9-h, 10-d Unit 8 A choice of attitude Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: How did Sam strike you? B: He‟s a wishy-washy guy. A: Really? Why? B: He never knows what he wants. 2. A: What‟s wrong, Fred? You don‟t look too good. B: I don‟t know if I‟m coming or going. A: What do you mean? B: Well, Jane was taken into hospital last night. The children are crying, but I‟ve got to work overtime today. What shall I do? 3. A: What‟s the matter, Toshio? You seem upset. B: I don‟t know why I let Coach talk me into the switch. A: Haven‟t you made up your mind? B: No. I think it‟s a crazy idea to join you in figure skating. 4. A: Congratulations, Vicky! You‟ve been offered the chance to work abroad for one year. B: Thanks, Reginald! But I feel I‟m pulled in two directions. A: What‟s wrong? B: You know, I have two career opportunities at the same time-- my career as a teacher and my career as a mother. 5. A: Hi, Wilma. What‟s the deal with hockey? B: I can‟t go back. A: Why? B: I‟ve been wrestling with the question of whether, being in such shape, I‟ll ever nail my opponent. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. He is Abraham Lincoln. He was determined to become a public servant. 2. He is Henry Ford. His bliss was the automobile. 3. He is Babe Ruth. He loved playing baseball. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. Stumbles: He ran for legislature and lost. He ran for Congress and lost. He ran for the Senate twice and lost both times. He tried for a state land officer and was rejected. Success: In 1860 he was elected President of the United States. 2. Stumbles: He tried to establish two car companies and both went bankrupt when he was 40 years old. Success: By 50 years old, he was the world‟s leading auto-maker and was well on the way to becoming the first billionaire. 3. Stumbles: He struck out 1 330 times and he failed. Success: The 714 times he hit a home run and he held the record for many years as having struck out more than any ball player in history. Script Follow your bliss It is natural for you to be faced with choices in life. My advice is to follow your bliss. It means to follow a course in life that is most exciting and challenging for you and to follow a direction that brings you the greatest personal satisfaction. Do you know the story of King Arthur‟s knights? When they set out on their quest for the Holy Grail, each set out alone. Each entered the woods at the deepest, darkest point, where there was no way or path. If there is a well-worn path, it is someone else‟s path, not yours. There was a man who was determined to become a public servant. He ran for legislature and lost. He ran for Congress and lost. He ran for the Senate twice and lost both times. After all these failures, he even tried for a political appointment as a state land officer, something like a Justice of the Peace, and he was flatly rejected. Yet this guy held to his vision of public service, and in 1860 was elected President of the United States. The man, of course, was Abraham Lincoln. Look at this guy. At 40, he tried to establish two car companies. Both went bankrupt, and he was flat broke. Yet the automobile was his bliss. By 50, he was the world‟s leading automaker, and was well on his way to becoming the first billionaire. That man was Henry Ford. Consider the baseball player who held the record for many years as having struck out more than any ball player in history. In his career, he struck out 1 330 times. Yet what we remember about Babe Ruth is not the 1 330 times he failed, but the 714 times he hit a home run. Albert Einstein, Thomas Edison, Edgar Allen Poe and Shelly were all expelled from school at one point. People are stumbling while following their bliss. Where you stumble, stop and smile, for there your treasure may lie. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answers Claudia: ?excited ?confident Toshio: ?upset ? hesitant 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers Question 1: Claudia: ?I can‟t do the triple toe loop. ?My legs aren‟t strong enough. Toshio: ?I want to get back my shape. Question 2: Claudia: ? If we stick to it, perhaps we can compete against the best. ?Let‟s give it a try. ?I plan to go to the Olympics by any means necessary. Toshio: ?I think it is a crazy idea. It‟ll never work. ?I don‟t think figure skating is for guys. ?I never planned to take the figure skating seriously. Script and Answers to Self-study A choice of attitude-- accept the switch or not? In a moment, you are going to hear a conversation between Claudia and Toshio. They are discussing Coach‟s suggestion of going to the Olympics as a team. Claudia: Hey, are you okay? Toshio, you seem upset. I didn‟t mean to hurt your feelings in there. It‟s just that-- Toshio: Don‟t be ridiculous. I can accept the switch. Well, just for the record, I think this is a crazy idea. It‟ll never work. I don‟t know why I let Coach talk me into it. I‟m only here to get back in shape. Claudia: You seem in pretty good shape to me. There doesn‟t seem to be much wrong with the way you move on the ice. Toshio: Glad you noticed. Claudia: What‟s the deal with hockey? Why can‟t you go back? Toshio: It‟s a long story. I don‟t want to talk about it. Claudia: I‟m sorry I asked. Toshio: What I don‟t understand is why you are doing this. I mean, isn‟t it better to get to the Olympics as a solo performer? You seem the type who wants the limelight all to yourself. Claudia: Coach just told me I won‟t get to the Olympics as a solo skater. I can‟t do the triple toe loop. My legs aren‟t strong enough. And Coach doesn‟t think I‟ll ever nail it. So I can‟t follow my real dream anymore -- just like you can‟t follow your hockey dreams. Toshio: So we‟re both failures, then. Maybe we really do belong together. Claudia: Speak for yourself. I don‟t consider myself a failure. I‟m just changing directions. That‟s all. I intend to get to the Olympics by any means necessary. Toshio: But I never planned to take this figure skating seriously. Claudia: Coach said you had talent, that you should try it out. Toshio: Well, maybe it‟s okay for girls. But guys don‟t figure skate-- not real guys. They do stuff like football and hockey. Claudia: Are you willing to give it a try, Toshio? Let‟s just work together and see if it‟s right for both of us. And if we stick to it, perhaps we can compete against the best. Unit 9 To move is the great affair! Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: How was your trip? B: Awful. My flight was delayed for 30 hours. It really makes my blood boil when this sort of thing happens. A: Don‟t be so angry. You had enough time for the trip. B: What do you think I could have done otherwise? 2. A: I‟m coming to the end of my patience. B: Why‟s that? A: The travel agency charged me 20% higher than the others, and now the hotel room is filthy. B: You must figure out a way to Make your trip more enjoyable. 3. A: Why are you so upset? B: I‟m falling to pieces. Everything seems to turn against me. First, I tripped over the step to the lobby, then after my visit to the Smithsonian Museum, I found my wallet lost. A: I‟m sorry to hear that. B: Fortunately, I still have my passport and credit card. 4. A: Sally, did you see the alligators on your trip to Florida? B: Well, they say that alligators live in the swamp over there, but I didn‟t spot any even though I strained my eyes. Worse still, mosquitoes almost killed me. They were really getting on my nerves. A: You know alligators are an endangered species. B: Yes, that‟s why people are curious to watch them. 5. A: How was your bus trip to New Orleans? B: Terrible. The old lady sitting next to me kept babbling on when I wanted to catch up on some sleep so that I could had enough energy for Mardi Gras. I just couldn‟t stand her. A: I hope the parades saved your mood. B: Yes, indeed. The parades were spectacular. People wearing costumes rode highly decorated floats into the crowds of spectators lining the streets. But I became so tired as not to be able to go to the bars in the evening. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. At a friend‟s home. 2. Drank beer in a bar with some friends. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. Kenny called Jamie to say hello. 2. The third rule of college is to never refuse a free place to stay. 3. The speaker said he was moving to San Francisco because there were few crimes. 4. The happy coincidence was that the speaker traveled to Mill Valley and met the friends he saw every day. Script and Answers to Self-study To move is the great affair! We reached the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco about nine hours after leaving Lompoc. After relaxing and taking some pictures Kenny went to a pay phone to call a girl he had met once through a mutual friend during his last co-op tour. He just called to say hi but when she found out we were going to stay in San Francisco for the night she insisted we stay at her place. The third rule of college is to never refuse a free place to stay if you‟re away from home (the first and second are to never refuse free beer or free food, respectively) so we jumped back into the car and drove to her place. Her name was Jamie. She was a steel-blue-eyed blonde with apple cheeks that lived in the top part of a house in the city of Mill Valley, an extremely nice neighborhood just north of San Francisco. When we got there, she and her friend Wray were getting ready to leave because they had already told some other friends and they were going to meet them soon. Jamie told us of some cool places to go that night and said she'd just leave the door open for us. Kenny and I looked at each other then back at her and said, “Are you sure?” She assured us by replying, “Oh yeah, it‟s a real safe neighborhood.” “Safe neighborhood ? ” I thought. In L.A. safe neighborhood is an oxymoron. Imagine a clean city with great weather, air you can breathe, and safe neighborhoods-- I‟m moving to San Francisco. After they left, Kenny and I decided to stay in Mill Valley because there were some bars and coffee shops that were within walking distance from where we were. I called some of my co-op friends that were also in town staying with a cousin. Andy answered the phone and I asked him what they were going to do that night. He said, “Oh, we‟re going to some place called Mill Valley.” We met Andy, Mike, Andy‟s cousin and her boyfriend and went to a bar called O‟Leary‟s. The bar had a high class Cheers kind of feel to it. The six of us sat around drinking great beers from micro-breweries until we got sick of the jokes about how we drove twelve hours to see friends we see every day. On the way back home there was a tourist shop with a Robert Louis Stevenson quote engraved on it that read: I travel not to reach any particular destination. I travel for the sake of traveling. To move is the great affair. I like this Stevenson guy. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answers ? Put the thumb upwards. ? Hold a sign. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers 1. To travel and to meet people. 2. It depends where you are, what time it is and how many people are with you and whether they are men or women. 3. To have a sign, write on the card the place you want to go to and make the letters quite big. Script Try it! Stacy: Welcome to Backpack Travel! I‟m your host, Stacy Goodwin. Today our program is about hitchhiking. Hitchhiking is probably the cheapest method of traveling and it is very popular among young travelers. Many listeners of our program are interested in it. Today we have Dennis Hornyak here to share his hitchhiking experience. Thank you for joining us, Mr. Hornyak. Dennis: Call me Dennis, please. Stacy: Okay, Dennis. Do you hitchhike to save money or do you hitchhike for some other reason? Dennis: I haven‟t got any money to save! I‟m a student. If I didn‟t hitchhike I wouldn‟t be able to travel. And I think it‟s very important to travel. It‟s particularly important for a young person. So really, the answer to your question is that I hitchhike in order to travel and, of course, to meet people. Stacy: So you don‟t feel you‟re a beggar? Dennis: No, certainly not. When I stand by the road I‟m saying, I would like to travel with you, would you like to travel with me? Stacy: Is it easy to get a lift? Do people stop or do you have to wait a very long time? Dennis: It depends where you are, what time it is and how many people are with you and whether they are men or women! Stacy: Isn‟t it dangerous for a woman to hitchhike by herself? Dennis: Yes. On the other hand a lot of things are dangerous. It is very dangerous to travel in a car. And, in any case, most people in Britain will be respectful of her right to travel as she wants. But I agree it is a bit more dangerous and I prefer my girlfriend to hitchhike with me or with one of our friends. Stacy: And is it faster for you if you travel with a woman? Dennis: Yes, it‟s certainly faster. Stacy: How do you stop the cars? Dennis: In Britain you just hold out your hand, usually you put your thumb upwards like this. Actually, the best system is to have a sign. You have a piece of white card or better still you have a piece of thin wood or plastic. Then you write on the card the place you want to go to. Or you could write the name of the nearest big town. Make the letters quite big. Experiment to see how big they should be. Stacy: Any more tips? Dennis: Well, you learn all kinds of things when you do it. The main advice is, try it! You‟ll meet a lot of different people. And you‟ll learn a lot about the country. Real World Speaking Answer for Reference On the card was the name of the place he wanted to go to. Self-study Answers 1-i，2-d, 3-j, 4-b, 5-g, 6-h, 7-a, 8-f, 9-e, 10-c Or refer to Script in the Listening Task section. Unit 10 Too many to choose from Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: It‟s hard to tell someone she‟s wrong to her face. B: Why are you so depressed? A: It‟s my friend, Joan. She was very rude to her boyfriend yesterday. I told her she was wrong and she got angry? B: No, that won‟t do. How could she be so narrow-minded? She‟ll wind up losing her boyfriend. 2. A: A change of pace will probably do you good. B: I‟m thinking about it. But what can I do? A: Oh, you have a wide diversity of choices. Variety is the spice of life. B: You can say that again. 3. A: Junk emails are one of the fastest-growing problems on the Internet. The netizens are getting up in arms about it. B: But I‟m just wondering how they could get the email addresses of Internet users. A: It‟s most likely that the programs simply generate millions of random addresses, hoping for a match. B: No wonder. 4. A: Are you all ready for Christmas? B: Are you kidding? I haven‟t even started. I‟ve done zero shopping. A: Well, you‟d better get going. Christmas is only a week away. B: I have to tell you that I‟m one of those people who really gets stressed out by the Christmas rush. I hate cutting through the clutter. 5. A: I don‟t like the romantic love stories churned out in Korean TV dramas. There are always three major characters in the same old eternal triangle. B: You are right, usually the hero is either very successful or at the bottom of life. A: The girls will be the same with one pure, innocent and another sophisticated. B: I can always guess the endings. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity Answers Junk emails message spam message / spammer email account email user / address / program / box internet connection connection cost filter block message board chat room newest version of ... Microsoft Outlook software robot 2) Second Listening Answers 1. An average email account received 1 300 spam messages last year. 2. Marketing groups have collected consumers‟ phone numbers and addresses for years. 3. Besides software robots, other programs simply generate millions of random personal email addresses. 4. Most new email programs include filters for blocking junk emails. 5. Many governments have passed laws that impose stiff fines on spammers. Script The war against spam Make millions with no work! Lose 5kg overnight! Clear your credit history! The secrets to getting hot girls! Get out of debt! Junk email messages like these, also known as spam, are familiar to anyone with an email account. On average, each email user received 1 300 spam messages last year, and that number is expected to increase to 3 900 by the year 2007. Junk mail is nothing new. For years, marketing groups have collected consumer information, including addresses and phone numbers, and sold them as lists to interested advertisers. But with junk mail, the high cost of mailing packages to large groups of people kept it down to a manageable level. But with email, anyone with a computer and Internet connection can now send messages around the world for free. But it‟s the people who receive spam who wind up paying. It is estimated that spam costs companies millions of dollars every year due to wasted time, connection costs and lost emails. Spammers spend much of their time collecting new email addresses. Software robots check message boards and chat-rooms for personal email addresses, while other programs simply generate millions of random addresses, hoping for a match. These email boxes are then stuffed with offers, some of them so bizarre that it‟s hard to believe anyone would think they could be true. Because of this, almost all the newest versions of email programs, such as Microsoft Outlook, include filters designed to block spam and many governments have passed laws that impose stiff fines on spammers. But spammers have fought back with more sophisticated methods to hide where their emails are coming from, making them almost impossible to track. So it seems the battle for control of your email is just beginning. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer They argue about what too many product variations bring to people. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers 1. Though it is hard to believe that the number of new consumer products introduced each year is dramatically increasing, it is a true fact. 2. No one can forget the great loss of the Coca Cola Company in 1985 due to the new taste of coke they developed. 3. People usually feel lost when they stupidly stare at that many different kinds of Tylenol and have no idea how to choose which one they need. 4. It‟s impossible to expect the situation to change. 5. Besides, people have much more trouble in making choices. 6. Variety is the extra interest and excitement of life. Script and Answers to Self-study Too many products Masayuki: I can‟t believe how many brands of cold (1) breakfast cereals there are in America. Joe: It‟s pretty amazing, isn‟t it? I read that over 13 000 new (2) consumer products were introduced in 1992. And it is increasing each year. The average grocery store carries over 18 000 items, up from 7 800 in 1970. Masayuki: No wonder I have such a hard time trying to decide what I want to buy. Joe: I know what you mean. Look at all the different kinds of (3) Coke there are: Coca-Cola, Coca-Cola Classic, Caffeine Free Coca-Cola, Caffeine Free Coca-Cola Classic, Diet Coke, Caffeine Free Diet Coke, Cherry Coke, Diet Cherry Coke. Fifteen years ago, there was just one, regular Coca-Cola. Masayuki: Who can forget the 1985 “New Coke disaster” Why do companies make so many (4) product variations? Joe: Companies (5) churn out new products or new versions of products for the same reason they do most everything: to make money. That‟s why coke (6) diversified. Once Tylenol became a hit, its maker, Johnson & Johnson, used the trusted, strong brand name to (7) spin out children‟s (8) pain relievers, expanding sales and (9) grabbing up market share. Masayuki: Yeah, but sometimes having so many choices is bad. It‟s (10) frustrating to go to the drugstore and gawk at 41 sizes and varieties of Tylenol. It takes time and effort to (11) figure out what to buy. Joe: That‟s true. But don‟t (12) look for things to change. Hard as it is to admit, consumers want it this way. A greater variety means shoppers can find exactly what they want. People who spend a lot of time choosing enjoy the process. People who don‟t enjoy it find ways to (13) cut through the clutter. Masayuki: Unfortunately, I‟m in the latter category. I don‟t like spending a lot of time shopping. Too many choices mean consumers have to work harder. And it doesn‟t end there. There are too many (14) versions of cars, brands of prescription drugs, movies, CDs, and TV channels. Joe: Come on, my friend. Variety is (15) the spice of life. Masayuki: What really irks me is that despite all the thousands of products they carry, I‟ll be damned if I can ever find my favorite brand of pretzels in this store! Unit 11 Year in, year out Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: I‟m really stressed-out. I‟ve been sitting in front of the computer all day. B: Why don‟t you call it a day? You need to rest. A: I like my job and am good at it. But it surely grinds me down sometimes. B: It‟s not wise to overwork. The last thing you need to take home is a headache. 2. A: You know what? I slept fourteen hours after I‟d finished that experiment. I was worn out. It‟s too much. B: How are you feeling now? Refreshed? A: Yes, I‟m full of energy and ready to catch up on my report. B: Good. There‟s another report for you to write. And this one is urgent. 3. A: You‟re all smiles. Something good must have happened to you. B: You‟re absolutely right. I got a great job at Microsoft. A: How wonderful. What do you do there? B: I‟m in research and development. But I felt a bit worried. You know, lack of interpersonal skills puts me at a disadvantage. 4. A: Can you believe it? Martin has taken over my slot. B: Oh, I‟m really sorry to hear that. A: I‟d been a news reader for ten years. I thought my work had been valued. But I was fired just because I turned up late. B: I sympathize with you. But it‟s not the end of the world. Cheer up! With your experience, I‟m sure many TV stations would be only too glad to have you. 5. A: So what did you think about the movie? B: It was really not very good. It disappointed me. A: Oh, what didn‟t you like? B: I didn‟t like the ending. It confused me. And the performance of that stand-in was the pits. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. Because some people think that everyone will wait for them. 2. You might have a blank space the next day. 3. “My father forgot to wake me up on time” or “I can‟t get up early in the morning” 4. You can have time to check the meeting room, facilities and materials. You can rehearse one more time for a more effective presentation. You can also catch up on your reading or plan your other activities. 2) Second Listening Answers ? It has become so freely used that one doubts the credibility and sincerity of these habitually “unpunctual” people. ? Operas and stage plays usually start on time, with ushers closing doors till an appropriate time to allow latecomers to go in. ? News on radio and TV is always read at fixed times daily. If you are the newsreader and you are late, someone has to take over your slot. ? Golf tee-off times in many countries are fixed on weekends to prevent jam-ups. If you are late, you golfing partners will have to tee-off without you. ? I have a simple philosophy. Don‟t keep other people waiting. If they keep me waiting, I can use the time to think, reflect, plan, prey, read or write. Script Tardiness is not appropriate The word “sorry” seems to be overused these days, especially by people who are in the habit of being late for meetings. It has become so freely used that one doubts the credibility and sincerity of these habitually “unpunctual” people. Why can‟t people be more punctual and responsible in life? Some people think that everyone will wait for them. Well, they are wrong. There are many activities that do not wait for latecomers. Airlines take off as punctually as possible, leaving you behind if you do not check in early. Operas and stage plays usually start on time, with ushers closing doors till an appropriate time to allow latecomers to go in. Such latecomers disturb the audience, so it is a good idea for theatres to proceed as scheduled. Newspapers have deadlines for advertisements. If you miss the deadlines in some countries, you might have a blank space the next day. News on radio and TV is always read at fixed times daily. If you are the newsreader and you are late, someone has to take over your slot. I remember once when a TV newsreader turned up late because of a traffic jam and an inexperienced member of the studio crew had to read the news, the stand-in was unprepared and was so nervous that she made many mistakes. The regular newsreader was not seen on that TV station after that incident. Golf tee-off times in many countries are fixed on weekends to prevent jam-ups. If you are late, your golfing partners will have to tee-off without you. In sports, athletes have to report on time too. I remember once a famous runner could not participate in his favorite race because he was late for his race. A teacher or lecturer has time slots too. Students will be kept waiting if a teacher is late. There are people who are habitually late for everything because of lack of discipline. I‟ve heard excuses such as “my father forgot to wake me up on time” or “I can‟t get up early in the morning.” Often, it‟s because of a lack or absence of planning. If a meeting is fixed for a certain day and time, one has to plan, implement and check all the requirements needed for the meeting. Not planning properly and not being disciplined enough would result in things being rushed at the last minute and leaving for the meeting very late. Latecomers can disrupt the schedules of busy people and they can be put at a disadvantage too. So it‟s better to be 15 or more minutes early. You won‟t be stressed out from rushing to the meeting or coping with traffic jams. You can have time to check the meeting room, facilities and materials. You can rehearse one more time for a more effective presentation. What else can you do with the spare time when you are early or when you are kept waiting? You can catch up on your reading or plan your other activities. I have a simple philosophy. Don‟t keep other people waiting. If they keep me waiting, I can use the time to think, reflect, plan, pray, read or write. It‟s unfair and rude to be habitually late. It‟s more polite and courteous to be always on time. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer ? They are talking about how much time people spend doing a particular activity in a lifetime. 2. Get the Main Ideas Column I Column II Attending business meetings 3 years Sitting in front of the tube 13-14 years Making telephone calls 2 years Eating meals at home 17 000 hours Dining out at restaurants 14 411 hours Waiting in line 5 years Taking showers in the bathroom 26 000 times Spending money on coffee $ 3 342 Inhaling cigarette smoke by nonsmokers 13 600 cigarettes Script and Answers to Self-study In an average lifetime Judy: You‟d better jump in the shower, or you‟ll be late for your meeting. David: I‟m always running late. I never seem to have enough time. I wonder how much time I‟ve spent in meetings in my life. Judy: You ought to read this book. It tells how much time we spend (1) doing a particular activity in a lifetime. It says the (2) average American spends 3 years of their life in business meetings. David: Three years? Good grief! I wonder how much time I spend (3) commuting to work. Judy: It says here you spend 10 months commuting to and from work. David: That‟s depressing. Hey, aren‟t the (4) NBA playoffs on TV tonight? Judy: Yes. Did you know that the average American spends 13 years and 4 months watching TV, but they only spend 12 years and 8 months in school. David: 13 years (5) in front of the tube? That‟s about one sixth of our life! Judy: One sixth if you lived to be 78. But the average American only lives to be 74. (6) Don‟t fret. The average American earns $1.3 million dollars in his lifetime. David: Is that all? There are people who make more than that in one year! Look out! The baby is getting into my (7) CD collection. Judy: The average person buys 232 records, tapes, and CDs in their life. David: I won‟t have any if you don‟t stop the baby. There‟s the phone. Would you get that, honey? Judy: Sure. The book says that we spend the (8) equivalent of 2 years on the telephone in our lives. David: No wonder our phone bill is so high. Who was it? Judy: I don‟t know. I didn‟t answer it in time. David: So what are we having for dinner tonight? Judy: The average family spends over 17 000 hours eating meals at home. David: I wonder how many stomachaches I‟ve had in a lifetime. Judy: Because of my cooking? Is that the thanks I get for (9) slaving over a hot stove to make your dinner? David: Just kidding. I‟ll take you out to dinner this weekend. Judy: The average American eats out at restaurants 14 411 times. David: That much? I don‟t care where we go as long as we don‟t have to (10) stand in line. Judy: It says here that the average person spends about 5 years of their life waiting in line. David: Well, I guess I‟d better get in the shower. Judy: Did you know that the average American spends 7 years in the bathroom and takes nearly 26 000 showers? But because you shower longer than the average person, you probably spend 8 years in the bathroom. David: I think I‟ll just (11) skip the shower today. I‟ll just have a cup of coffee. Judy: This book says the average American spends $3 342 on coffee in their lifetime. David: Wow, that‟s expensive, we‟ve got to (12) cut down on coffee. Have you seen my cigarettes? Judy: Yeah. There on the piano. Did you know the average American smoker consumes over 590 000 cigarettes, while the average nonsmoker (13) inhales the equivalent of 13 600 cigarettes? David: I had no idea that I smoked that many cigarettes. No wonder smokers get cancer. I swear I‟m gonna quit this year. Well, I‟d better run. I‟ll see you tonight. Judy: Drive carefully. The average American (14) is involved in 6 motor vehicle accidents in their lifetime. David: Would you do me a favor? Judy: What‟s that? David: (15) Get rid of that damn book! Unit12 It’s raining frogs! Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: Terrible day, isn‟t it? I don‟t feel like doing anything. B: You must be under the weather. It is depression that you are suffering from. A: That‟s rubbish. You‟re exaggerating. B: Don‟t fidget. Even some celebrities have struggled with depression. Taking anti-depressants could make a difference. 2. A: Look at all that frost on the lawn. It‟s so beautiful! B: That‟s the work of the Seven Sisters. They are shedding off icicles they brought from the earth. A: What? Seven Sisters? I‟m put in a fog! Frost is formed out of water vapor in the air when the temperature drops below freezing. B: Just kidding! Sometimes water vapor may change directly to ice without going through this liquid state of frost first. 3. A: Where is Tom? I remember you two have always been together. B: We used to do things together but not any more. He is simply a fair weather friend. A: No, he‟s not like that, is he? What did he do? B: He didn‟t do anything but he hasn‟t turned up ever since my business went into bankruptcy. 4. A: Ben looks exhausted. What has he been doing? B: You can tell. Influenza completed its west-to-east sweep like a storm front, sowing chills and fever nationwide and knocking down so many people. A: Do you mean he‟s fallen prey to the flu? B: Don‟t play dumb. He‟s a doctor and he‟s been snowed under with the most serious cases. 5. A: Hey! Long time no see. Let‟s go to dinner together. B: I can‟t tonight, but I‟ll take a rain check. A: You make me sad. What‟s kept you rushing around? B: I‟m shaping up for another storm chasing. This is the best season of storms. I can‟t miss it. Listening Task 1) First Listening Answer ? What it rains may not be something available nearby. 2) Second Listening Answers Time What it rained Country in which the Caused by Details if possible incident took place August 8, 2000 Dead but fresh England A small tornado sprats June 1997 Toads Mexico A small tornado March 1998 Frogs England Not mentioned No known pond or lake in the immediate vicinity Not mentioned Gopher turtle USA Hailstorm Encased in ice July 4, 1995 Soft drink cans USA Tornado From the Double Cola Bottling Plant July 1968 Red gritty dust England A shower Fine sand blown up from the Sahara Script and Answers to Self-study Freak weather incidents If your weather forecaster said it would rain frogs you might think they had gone mad. But rains of fish or frogs or other animals have been reported for centuries. On August 8, 2000 (1) a shower of dead but still fresh sprats rained down on the fishing port of Great Yarmouth, in Norfolk, England, (2) after a thunderstorm. The fish shower would have been caused by a small tornado out to sea, which (3) trawls up water and any fish near the surface. When the tornado touches the land it begins to lose energy and (4) its contents are thrown to the ground. (5) In June 1997 it rained toads in the town of Villa Angel Flores in Mexico. A small tornado whirled up (6) a cluster of toads from a local body of water Saturday night and dropped them over the town. Motorists reported them dropping from the sky around 11 p.m. In March 1998, it rained frogs in Croydon, England. A woman reported the sudden appearance of hundreds of dead frogs in her and her neighbors' gardens when there was no known pond or lake (7) in the immediate vicinity. Over the years all sorts of animals and plants have showered down during thunderstorms, possibly (8) sucked up from rivers and lakes by tornadoes into thunderclouds and then dumped miles away in heavy rain. Tornadoes pick up anything they find in their path but some scientists think that many animals of the same type or size may fall during a storm because as the wind travels, (9) heavier items will fall first. Then when the smaller items drop from the tornado, things that (10) tend to weigh the same will drop together. Dozens of dead birds have occasionally been (11) seen plummeting out of the sky, sometimes partly frozen. These poor animals were probably swept up high in the powerful updrafts of a thundercloud, then frozen like hailstones before (12) gravity took over. Even stranger is a severe hailstorm in Vicksburg, USA where a gopher turtle entirely encased in ice, fell with the hail. Other objects can rain out of the sky. In July 4, 1995 people in Keokuk, Iowa found soft drink cans that a tornado had lifted from the Double Cola Bottling Plant in Moberly and dropped about 150 miles north. Perhaps most bizarre are the “rains of blood” which have been reported all over the world (13) ever since biblical times. An important clue to their cause came in July 1968 in southern England, when a shower coated everything (14) in red gritty dust. It was fine sand blown up from the Sahara and carried over a thousand miles inside (15) a massive high pressure system before falling in a rain shower. In some dry areas, “dust devils”(dust storms) are very common with debris falling out of the sky. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer ? A tornado she watched close. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. d Script Being a meteorologist Q: Ilona, what made you want to become a meteorologist? When did you know? A: I knew I wanted to become a meteorologist after seeing my first tornado. I was working at a radio station one afternoon when I saw a tornado heading right for me. Luckily, the tornado missed the radio station, but seeing it up close made me want to learn more about weather. Q: What weather person influenced you most and why? A: When I was in 6th grade, one of the local weathercasters, Ward Allen, came to visit my school. I still have the signed picture he gave me! It's framed and hanging on the wall at my house. Q: What do you like best about doing the weather? A: What I like most about forecasting weather in Central Texas is that we can see so many different types of weather ... tornadoes, flooding, and even ice & snow! It keeps things very exciting in our weather office. Q: What is your favorite weather event? A: My favorite kind of weather is weather that changes all of the time! I like it to be sunny one day, cloudy the next, then hot, then cold, then rainy, then dry! Q: What do you like to do on a rainy day? A: I like to sit on the porch and just listen to the sound of the rain falling through the trees and splashing on the ground. When the weather turns stormy, it's my job to make sure everyone knows what to expect and how to stay safe. Q: What do you like to do on a sunny day? A: I enjoy being outdoors bike riding or swimming at the pool or lake. Q: Have you ever been involved in a scary weather event? What did you do? A: I will never forget the night my mom, my grandmother, and I flew back from Europe. We were on our way home to Phoenix and there was a really bad storm over the Airport. The pilot had no choice but find the safest part to fly through and land. The whole plane was rocking side to side and was completely lit up by the lightning. I was holding on to the seat so tightly. My knuckles were white! Q: It seems meteorologists dress depending on the weather. Do you wear certain colors, outfits, depending on what kind of day it is going to be? A: You bet ... the less black during the spring and summer the better. Not only is it too hot, but mosquitoes also are attracted to darker clothes. Q: Do you have any superstitious items you wear on the air? A: No, but I always do a little dance before I start. Sometimes it helps me relax if I'm nervous. Unit 13 Hold on or give up Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: My Mom just signed up my little sister for the city basketball league. Now she thinks she is really hot. B: How old is she? A: She‟s only ten, but she really has the hops. B: My little brother has played in that league for two years and made the grade. You should see him shoot the ball. He‟ll take his shots from downtown and get nothing but net. 2. A: How are college athletes chosen? B: Scouts go to high schools around the country, select the best athletes, and offer them full scholarships. These kids live apart from other students and train, train and train. A: What happens if their results are less than impressive? B: Their scholarships are withdrawn, they either find the money to pay their own tuition or they go home. 3. A: Can you fully comprehend what being the No.1 pick in the NBA means to you? B: This is now a new start in my basketball life. This is a new league for me to play for, so it will be a challenge for me. A: What will you contribute to the team? B: First of all, I will rebound for the Rockets. Then basically, I will play defense for the team. I will also show in the offense all the skills I can now do. 4. A: I know you‟re a movie buff, so here is a little bit of movie trivia for you: What movie is the top-grossing film of all time? B: Oh, that‟s easy. “Jurassic Park” It‟s the only film that has grossed over a billion dollars in history. A: Then, what actress has the most nominations for an academy award? B: Katharine Hepburn. She was nominated 12 times and won 3 times. 5. A: I haven‟t seen Phil for centuries. I know he is a couch potato. In his free time, he just sits around and watches television. B: So do I. Actually, watching TV helps me unwind after a long day of work. A: But it‟s easy for you to put on weight. B: I know. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers ? He was not strong enough to handle the physical play around the net. ? His first games in the NBA were less than impressive because he left the floor early for foul trouble. ? He would never score more than 20 points in a single game. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. Yao Ming said, “This is the most pressure I‟ve ever faced in my life, but it‟s something I have to deal with.” 2. Yes, he made it. 3. He scored 20 points in a game against last year‟s world champion LA Lakers, and 30 points against the Dallas Mavericks. Script Yao Ming makes the grade With the first overall pick in the 2002 NBA Draft, the Houston Rockets selected Chinese center Yao Ming. He becomes the first-ever number one pick to come from an international basketball league. Even before he was chosen as the NBA‟s number one draft pick by the Houston Rockets, Yao Ming faced intense media pressure and many critics. Many doubted whether the Chinese superstar would be able to make it in the NBA. Some thought he was not strong enough to handle the physical play around the net. Former NBA all-star Charles Barkley said that he would kiss a TV announcer‟s behind if Yao ever scored more than 20 points in a single game. “This is the most pressure I‟ve ever faced in my life, but it‟s something I have to deal with,” said Yao. Before coming to the NBA, the 2.26 meter-tall and 134 kg center was the dominant player in the Chinese Basketball Association. As a 17-year-old rookie, he averaged 10.0 points and 8.3 rebounds during the 1997-1998 season. Yao has played against elite international talent since being named to the Chinese National Team at age 18. At the 2001 Asian Basketball Championship for men, Yao averaged 13.4 points on 724 shots with 10.1 rebounds and 2.8 blocked shots, helping the Chinese national team win the title, and was voted to the All-star team at the 2002 World Championship. For a man his size, Yao is surprisingly agile. He is also an excellent shooter and passes well. But his first games in the NBA were less than impressive, with Yao leaving the floor early because of foul trouble. But after he scored 20 points in a game against last year‟s world champion LA Lakers, then 30 points against the Dallas Mavericks, his critics were silenced and Barkley was forced to kiss a donkey on TV. With performances like these, it seems like Yao Ming is just starting to feel comfortable in the NBA. Among the first overall selection in NBA history, Yao stands as the tallest and second-heaviest players ever. Upon entering the NBA, Yao will become the third Chinese player in NBA history, following fellow Chinese National Team members Wang Zhizhi and Mengke Bateer. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer ? Billy argued with his father and insisted on cultivating his interest in ballet. 1. Get the Main Ideas Answers F Billy isn‟t supposed to practice ballet because he is the son of a coal miner. F Billy inherited his innate gift for music and dancing from his mother who encourages him to attend the ballet class. F Mrs. Wilkinson is Billy‟s secret ballet coach. T Billy fears that other boys would regard him as a sissy or poof because he practices ballet. Billy 1. Nothing is wrong with ballet. 2. It‟s perfectly normal. 3. It‟s not for poofs. 4. Some ballet dancers are as fit as athletes. Father 1. Ballet is for girls, not for lads. 2. Lads do football, or boxing, or wrestling. 3. Ballet is frigging. Script and Answers to Self-study Billy Elliot 11-year-old boy Billy Elliot is the son of a (1) coal miner who is fond of boxing. Though he has an (2) innate gift for music and dancing, which perhaps he (3) inherited from his dead mother, his father Mr. Elliot makes him learn boxing at the school club to carry on the family tradition. The ballet coach, Mrs. Wilkinson, discovers that Billy has both the ideal (4) physical condition and a natural talent for dancing and encourages Billy to practice ballet. Billy joins in the ballet class and practices once a week using the time for boxing training, but he (5) keeps it a secret from his father and other boys fearing that they would regard him as a sissy or poof. Having found out what Billy is doing, the angry father bans his practise despite Billy‟s (6) protest. Father: Ballet? Billy: What‟s wrong with ballet? Father: What‟s wrong with ballet? Billy: It‟s perfectly normal. Father: “Perfectly normal?” Nanny: I used to go to ballet. Billy: See? Father: Aye, for your nanny. For girls, not for lads, Billy. Lads do football, or ... boxing, or ... wrestling. Not (7) frigging ballet. Billy: What lads do wrestling? Father: (8) Don‟t start. Billy: I don‟t see what‟s wrong with it. Father: You know exactly what‟s wrong with it. Billy: No, I don‟t. Father: Yes, you do. Billy: No, I don‟t. Father: Yes, you bloody well do. Who do you think I am? You know quite nicely. Billy: What? What are you trying to say, Dad? Father: You‟re (9) asking for a hiding, son. Billy: I‟m not, honest. Father: You are, Billy. Billy: It‟s not just for poofs, Dad. Some ballet dancers are (10) as fit as athletes. What about that Wayne Sleep? He was a ballet dancer. Father: Wayne Sleep? Billy: Aye. Father: Listen, son, from now on you can forget about the ballet. You can forget about the boxing as well. I‟m (11) busting my ass for those 50 pences, and you‟re -- No, from now on you stay here, you look after your nanny. Got it? (Silence from Billy) Good. Nanny: They used to say I could‟ve been a professional dancer, with some training. Father: Will you shut up? (Nanny is silent) Billy: I hate you! You‟re a bastard. Unit 14 East or west, home is best Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: Hi, Liz, I heard you‟ve just moved into a new apartment. How do you like it? B: Oh, wonderful. It‟s very spacious. A: Congratulations! But look at mine, there is no room to swing a cat in it. B: Anyway, it is better than covering yourself with the moon. I bet you will get your ideal house sooner or later. 2. A: Here we are, John. It‟s my crash pad in this city. B: It looks cozy and comfortable. A: Yes, it is an old house but it has a touch of class. B: Good, I think we will have a good dream tonight after the long journey. 3. A: Rose, how do you like the house? B: I had my eyes on it since I first saw it. A: I like it too. So let‟s take it. B: Oh, it‟s so wonderful. We shall have a roof over our heads. 4. A: I visited Steve last week. He is now living in a jerry-built cabin only with a lousy mattress and a shaky table in it. B: Oh, really? What‟s wrong with him? A: He couldn‟t pay his mortgage. B: Poor Steve, let‟s do something to help him. 5. A: Goodness, Joe, your house has taken on a new look. B: The room decorations have been jazzed up recently. A: No wonder everything looks so bright and shiny. B: Thank you. Why not sit down and have a cup of coffee? Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. However, some students are not very realistic in their expectations of homestay experiences. When describing their dream homestay, they talk about their homestay “mums” attending to their needs because they pay good money to be looked after. They also expect their homestay family to be pleasant and happy all the time so they need never feel unhappy and lonely. 2. A homestay is not like staying in a hotel or hostel, where service workers are paid to be courteous and cheerful in order to make guests feel at home. Although students pay for their board and lodging, it is wrong to expect the homestay family to serve guests the same way hostels and hotels do. Homestay hosts provide this service for social or cultural reasons rather than to make money. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. In a homestay family, an international student is a member of the family, not a customer who is "king” or always right. You can‟t order room service or throw wet towels and dirty clothes around. 2. As a homestay guest, you need to be independent and to develop your own interests rather than depend on your hosts to keep you happy and entertained. 3. You can‟t always expect your homestay family to be on their best behavior all the time. 4. One last piece of advice: Don‟t talk negatively about your homestay family to your college mates or friends. Script Just as at your own home The concept of a homestay experience has become popular recently, especially among international students and working people researching into the practices of host countries. However, some students are not very realistic in their expectations of homestay experiences. When describing their dream homestay, they talk about their homestay “mums” attending to their needs because they pay good money to be looked after. They also expect their homestay family to be pleasant and happy all the time so they need never feel unhappy and lonely. A homestay is not like staying in a hotel or hostel, where service workers are paid to be courteous and cheerful in order to make guests feel at home. Although students pay for their board and lodging, it is wrong to expect the homestay family to serve guests the same way hostels and hotels do. Homestay hosts provide this service for social or cultural reasons rather than to make money. In a homestay family, an international student is a member of the family, not a customer who is “king” or always right. You can‟t order room service or throw wet towels and dirty clothes around. If you are a homestay student, you are expected to follow house rules, which might include taking care of your own room as well as tidying up after yourself in the kitchen, bathroom or other rooms you might use. As a homestay guest, you need to be independent and to develop your own interests rather than depend on your hosts to keep you happy and entertained. Your hosts have their own jobs and responsibilities and you must learn to be independent. You need to develop your own friends in the college or through social clubs. Burying yourself totally in books, with no time for a social life, is emotionally and mentally unhealthy and will make you homesick as well. You can‟t always expect your homestay family to be on their best behavior all the time. Just as in your own home, there might be misunderstandings, squabbles and stress. Homestay families might quarrel over money, children‟s performance, too much work time and too little family time -- things your own family probably quarrels about. Problems might arise because of you. Perhaps you are doing something that annoys the family. But bear in mind that even if you are a perfect guest, your presence as a stranger in an intimate family setting is bound to cause some tensions. If it is something you can correct, do so and apologize. Know when your homestay dad and mum want some privacy to themselves and give them the space and time. One last piece of advice: Don‟t talk negatively about your homestay family to your college mates or friends. Negative talk puts you in a negative mood and implies that you do not value people. People are never perfect and need to be respected regardless of their shortcomings. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer ? They are hunting for an apartment near the university. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers 1. The old landlady is fairly friendly to them. 2. They are satisfied with the price offered by the landlady. 3. Both the room and the environment around are very convenient for them. 4. It is urgent for them to settle down. Script and Answers to Self-study Hunting for an apartment (Olive and Bell are two foreign students in China. They are very discouraged because they‟ve been looking for more than two weeks and have found no satisfactory place to live. As they walk, Bell spots a sign on a nice three-storied house that says: “ROOMS TO LET”. They go to the front door and ring the bell. An elderly woman answers.) Woman: Hello, may I help you? Bell: Yes. We‟re (1) interested in seeing the rooms you have for rent. Woman: Oh, how nice. I just (2) put up that sign this morning and you‟re the first folks who have come along to see them. Olive: How lucky we are! Woman: Well, you better have a look first. They are just simple rooms. My children (3) used to live in them. They‟re grown now and long gone, and my husband died early this year. The house is so quiet now I thought maybe I‟d (4) take in a few boarders. Bell: A nice, quiet house exactly what we‟re looking for, Mrs. ... eh ... Woman: Chen. My name is Chen Hui. Olive: My name is Olive, Mrs. Chen, and this is Bell. Weve recently come from Australia to be (5) graduate students at the university. Woman: Oh, isn‟t that lovely? Well, you seem like very nice young girls. ... Woman: Well, here you are, ladies. Each room is 200 yuan a month if you think that‟s O.K. I won‟t (6) charge you anything for electricity and gas and you can use the kitchen as much as you like, (7) as long as you buy your own food. And you‟ve got to do your own (8) washing up. I‟m too old for that now. Bell: That sounds just wonderful to us, Mrs. Chen. We‟ll even cook you an Australian dinner (9) from time to time. Woman: Oh, wouldn‟t that be nice? Olive: By the way, Mrs. Chen, is this place convenient for us students? Woman: Sure. It‟s only a fifteen-minute ride from the university. And there‟s a supermarket and launderette and some grocery stores over there on the next block. Bell: That‟s great. I‟ve (10) made up my mind. Woman: Then when do you want to (11) move in, girls? Olive: How about this afternoon? Woman: Fine. I‟ll be expecting you around two. And I‟ll give you each a house key then. If you wouldn‟t mind, I‟d like to have the first two week‟s rent (12) in advance, just to be safe if you know what I mean. Olive: Of course, Mrs. Chen. We‟ll bring it with us this afternoon. Woman: I think I‟m very lucky you nice boys came along. Olive: I think we‟re very lucky to have found you, Mrs. Chen. Goodbye. Woman: See you later. Unit 15 Catch a cold if I kiss her? Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: Lisa, do you still have a sore throat? B: Yes, I tried gargling with salt water, but it still isn‟t any better. A: Don‟t worry. There‟s still hope. Go to see a doctor. B: I guess you‟re right. 2. A: I look so stupid with this big zit on my nose. B: Stop popping it. You know you‟re only making it worse. A: But, what a shame it is! I can‟t stand it. B: Take it easy and you‟ll feel better. 3. A: You look exhausted. What‟s the matter? B: My baby has been having the runs for several days and I virtually haven‟t got much rest. A: That‟s really tough. I‟ll come and help you after work. B: Thank you. I can handle it myself. 4. A: What‟s wrong with Jack? I haven‟t seen him for two days. B: Jack is having a fever and red spots on his skin. The doctor said that he has German measles. A: Oh, no! How could that be? B: Someone in his class had it. Then he got it, too. Some things just can‟t be helped. 5. A: Steve got a heart attack last night. B: Poor Steve, my heart goes out to him. No wonder I didn‟t see him today. How is he now? A: It was close. His nephew took him to hospital in time and he was saved. B: I hope he can recover soon. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. The second baby was born alive. 2. The baby was transferred to a larger hospital. 3. The baby survived. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. The baby was born to an RH negative mother and was believed that he was 100% sure to die. 2. The nurse asked for permission to feed the baby by dropper and worked very hard day and night to get some nourishment in the baby. 3. The baby was transferred to a larger hospital which had more equipment and pediatricians and was saved. 4. Never give up hope even when the odds are overwhelmingly against you because no one has the wisdom to know how a patient will respond. Script and Answers to Self-study Against all odds One day when I was working in a hospital in Illinois, we had a baby born to (1) an RH negative mother. At that time, it was believed that if a mother with the RH negative blood factor delivered a dead first baby, it was considered (2) a 100% certainty that the second baby would also die. This was the mother‟s second baby and the first one had died. Death was expected soon. This was a case where such babies (3) were set aside to die. And so had this one. The doctor had not ordered a feeding tube inserted so I asked for permission to (4) feed the baby by dropper because it was too weak to suck. He said that he didn‟t think it would be of any value, but that I could if I wanted to. I and the rest of the staff worked very hard day and night to (5) get some nourishment in the baby. The baby survived! Day after day the baby continued to survive. Then I started asking the doctor to let us transfer the baby to a larger hospital in Rockford, Illinois. That hospital had more (6) equipment and pediatricians. Finally, the doctor consented and we prepared to transfer the baby to Rockford. When a transfer was being made from our hospital to the Rockford Hospital, the patient was always (7) accompanied by a nurse. Since I was so involved with the baby, I was asked to be its nurse (8) on this transfer. This would be my first trip (9) in an ambulance. The other nurses had told me many stories about the ambulance rides. They described it as a wild, wild ride. I was not looking forward to the trip, but since I knew the baby‟s condition well, I knew I was the best choice. So, I went. The siren (10) started wailing as soon as we left the hospital's driveway. On and on the cars in our path quickly (11) pulled over to the side. This ride was so dangerous that I started worrying about my own survival as much as the baby's. I (12) broke out in a sweat. It was only after we arrived at the Rockford Hospital that the driver discovered that he had (13) left the heat on! I could have done without that. The baby was settled in at the hospital, and each day our reports were that the baby continued to thrive. Some time later we received word that the baby was dismissed from the hospital. And the mother (14) took home a live baby! I consider this case one of the highlights of my nursing career. I learned one very important thing: Never give up hope even when (15) the odds are overwhelmingly against you because no one has the wisdom to know how a patient will respond. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answers ? Why do some people catch colds? ? Does an antibiotic cure a cold? 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers 1. Antibiotics kill bacterial infections and have no effect on viral infections. 2. Kissing doesn‟t put you at a high risk for catching a cold. 3. They are often overtired or under physical or emotional stress. 4. The cold virus spreads by coughing and sneezing. Script Catch a cold if I kiss her? Anchorman: Now it‟s late autumn. There has been a new resurgence of the number of cold sufferers in the school. Today we have invited Doctor Keizer to answer students‟ questions on colds. Doctor Keizer, can we be immunized against a cold? Keizer: Common colds are caused by viral infections. There are over 200 different kinds of cold viruses, the most common being the nose virus. Because there are so many different types of cold viruses, it is highly unlikely that you‟ll become immune to having a cold. Anchorman: That‟s too bad. We‟ll have to take care so that we don‟t catch a cold. Now, we‟re ready to take questions. Student A: Hello, Doctor. If I have a cold, should I be taking an antibiotic? Keizer: No. Antibiotics kill bacterial infections and have no effect on viral infections. Keep in mind that bacteria build up a resistance to antibiotics; therefore, only use such medication if absolutely necessary. Student A: My girlfriend has a cold. Can I catch a cold if I kiss her? Keizer: No. Surprisingly, kissing doesn‟t put you at a high risk for catching a cold. The mucous membrane of the mouth provides sufficient protection against the virus. A good way to get a cold is to get the virus directly in the upper nose, but don‟t try this at home. Student A: Thank you, Doctor. Student B: Hello, Doctor. Lately I've been getting more colds than usual. Should I be worried? Keizer: You are probably more prone to catching a cold because you are overtired or under physical or emotional stress. If you smoke, you are more likely to catch a cold and have longer lasting symptoms than a non-smoker. Industrial pollution may also predispose you to catching a cold. Although colds are discomforting, there are few complications associated. Check with your doctor to rule out any other type of medical possibility. Student C: Hello, Doctor. I have a cold, but I can‟t miss class. How can I prevent other people from getting it? Keizer: The cold virus spreads by coughing and sneezing. Make sure you wash your hands often with warm water and soap and avoid touching your nose and eyes. Don‟t share your items with others, like pens, drinking glasses, towel, soap. Keep Kleenexes handy in case you have to sneeze or cough. The organism can infect others readily through the air. Student D: Hi, Doctor. I don‟t have a cold, but my throat hurts. Is it serious? Keizer: If you have a fever that‟s over 38.5? or lasts for 24 hours, make an appointment at Student Health Services to see a doctor or a nurse. Make an appointment if you have swollen lymph nodes. Student E: Hello, Doctor. I...... Real World Speaking Answer for Reference Obviously the outcome proves that the doctor had made a mistake and the nurse was right in trying to save the baby. But there are a lot of instances in which doctors know from their experience and the established medical practice that some patients are terminally ill and cannot be saved. Unit 16 No discount Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: Look at this coat, Liz. It is so beautiful. B: Yeah, I like it very much, and it is made of tweed. Tweeds are the big thing this autumn, you know. How much is it? A: ￡100. B: It‟s too expensive. It is beyond my budget. 2. A: Hi, Robbie, how about the lawn mower you bought yesterday? B: It turned out to be useless. I really got taken this time. A: What a pity! But you‟d better not buy things from the cheap Jack. They often sell things with low quality. B: Thank you, I won‟t do that again. 3. A: Where do you usually go shopping, Kathy? B: I usually go to the supermarket. A: Why not the convenience store near your house? You can get everything there. B: Well, they willingly score up customers‟ indebtedness on a blackboard. I dislike their doing so. 4. A: I never buy things from the peddlers. They just try to sell you a cheap bill of goods. B: Neither do I. You know, they always price their wares very high and then discount them. I really hate bargaining with them. A: And in fact what they sell are usually a dime a dozen. B: That‟s right. I think that‟s why many people would rather go a long way to buy things in the department store. 5. A: Jane, why did you buy this car so eagerly? B: You know. It is so far from my company to my home. A: How much is it? B: Well, it cost me $30 000. I had to really dig deep to pay for it, because I‟ve been tired of the public transport. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. The first is the appeal to deep-seated drives in the minds of consumers. 2. The second is information regarding the goods or service being sold: its name, its manufacturer, its packaging, its objective attributes, its functions. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. An advertisement communicates by making use of a specially selected image like a beauty, a curly-headed child, or a celebrity. The image is designed to stimulate “sub-rational impulses and desires” even if they are unacknowledged by their possessor. 2. Some few ads have their emotional appeal in the text, but for the greater number by far the appeal is contained in the artwork. This makes sense, since visual communication better suits more primal levels of the brain. If the viewer of an advertisement actually has the desire, and if the appeal is sufficiently well-fashioned to call it up, then the person can be hooked. The product in the ad may then appear to take on the desirable qualities. Many ads seem to be saying, “If you have this need, then this product will help satisfy it.” It is a primitive equation, but not an ineffective one for selling. Script and Answers to Self-study Consumers hooked on advertising The nature of effective advertisements was recognized fully well by Marshall McLuhan, the late media philosopher. In his Understanding Media, the first sentence of the section on advertising reads, “the continuous pressure is to create ads more and more in the image of audience motives and desires.” Advertisers are ever more compelled to invoke consumers‟ drives and longings; this is the “continuous pressure” McLuhan refers to. Over the past century, the American marketplace has grown increasingly overcrowded, and more products have entered into the mad competition after the public‟s dollars. In order to stay in business, an advertiser must strive to cut through the considerable commercial stir by any means available. A study done a few years ago at Harvard University pointed out that the average American is exposed to some 500 ads daily from television, newspapers, magazines, radio, direct mail and so on. To be among the few messages that do manage to gain access to minds, advertisers must be strategic, perhaps even a little underhanded at times. An advertisement communicates by making use of a specially selected image like a beauty, a curly-headed child, or a celebrity. The image is designed to stimulate “sub-rational impulses and desires” even if they are unacknowledged by their possessor. Some few ads have their emotional appeal in the text, but for the greater number by far the appeal is contained in the artwork. This makes sense, since visual communication better suits more primal levels of the brain. If the viewer of an advertisement actually has the desire, and if the appeal is sufficiently well-fashioned to call it up, then the person can be hooked. The product in the ad may then appear to take on the desirable qualities. Many ads seem to be saying, “If you have this need, then this product will help satisfy it.” It is a primitive equation, but not an ineffective one for selling. Thus, by giving form to people‟s deep-seated desires, and picturing states of being that individuals privately yearn for, advertisers have the best chance of arresting attention and affecting communication. And that is the immediate goal of advertising. In a word, most advertisements appearing in national media can be understood as having two orders of content. The first is the appeal to deep-seated drives in the minds of consumers. The second is information regarding the goods or service being sold: its name, its manufacturer, its packaging, its objective attributes, its functions. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answers ? Because her coats are a bit small. ? Because there is a sale on at all department stores. ? Because Linda may give her some advice. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers Question 1: ? Bluish gray. Question 2: ? Because there is no room for her to bargain with the salesgirl. Script Buying a coat in a department store Jane: My coats seem a bit small for me, as if they have all shrunk. Linda: hear that there is a sale on at all department stores, and plan to go and have a look. Would you like to go with me? Jane: reat. Perhaps you could give me some advice. (At a department store) Linda: What did you have in your mind to buy? Formal or casual wear? Jane: I‟d better have a look at both. Linda: How do you like this coat? Jane: The color is too bright and doesn‟t really suit me. Jane: How about that one? It has a good color and design. What do you think? Linda: You have a good eye. That‟s this year‟s latest design. Jane: Really? Miss, please bring me a coat in this style to try on. Salesgirl: Which color would you like? Jane: What colors does it come in? Salesgirl: Black, white, orange, bluish gray and light brown. Jane: I most like bluish gray. Salesgirl: What size are you? Jane: I am not sure. Please help me to find one that fits. Salesgirl: Given your height and figure, you could probably wear a size L. Jane: (after putting it on) This coat doesn‟t fit very well. It‟s loose at the waist and shoulder. And the sleeves are too long. Salesgirl: Let me find a smaller one for you to try. Jane: This one is a good fit, both in waist and length. What do you think, Linda? Linda: It fits you like a glove. Jane: How much is it? Salesgirl: It‟s this year‟s latest design, so there is no discount. It‟s $295. Jane: It‟s too expensive. Can you give me a discount? Salesgirl: We don‟t haggle over prices here. Linda: There is generally no bargaining in big department stores, but there is in small boutiques and clothes markets. Shall we go and have a look? You may find what you want there. Real World Speaking Answers for Reference 1. Relaxing shopping environment 2. Relatively low prices 3. A variety of commodities to compare and choose from 4. Bargaining possibility 5. Convenient location 6. Fine quality of goods 7. Quick and pleasant service Unit 17 Blasted McDonald’s! Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: You asked the homeless boy to eat yesterday, didn‟t you? B: Yes, he began to lick his chops at the sight of the food. A: Oh, poor boy! He must have been very hungry. B: You are right. He ate like nobody‟s business and he told me he hadn‟t eaten for two days. 2. A: I‟d like to invite Jim to eat with us this weekend. B: I think you‟d better not. A: Why? B: You haven‟t been here very long. Everyone knows he never offers to buy anything but always takes the lion‟s share and eats till his great satisfaction. 3. A: Hi, Sue! Here is a box of chocolate for you! B: Thank you. I love chocolate. I can eat half a box at one sitting. A: Half a box? You really get a sweet tooth. B: I do. I always work up an appetite at the sight of the sweet things. 4. A: I am so hungry. What about you, Nancy? B: Me, too. Well, it‟s time to satisfy the inner man. . A: How about dining on French food? B: Excellent! Let‟s go. 5. A: Oh, my Goodness! B: What‟s the matter? A: Jane disposed of all the salad and ice-cream I prepared for dinner. B: She may look delicate and ladylike, but give her a chicken and she can really pack it away. Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. A British study of how diet affects the health of new mothers and their babies produced the surprise finding that vegetarian women are more likely to have girls. 2. In the sample group of vegetarians there were 81.5 boys born for every 100 girls. 3. The study also found that vegetarian mothers were less likely to smoke during pregnancy--10 percent did so, compared with 20 percent of meat-eaters. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. Altogether 5 942 pregnant women were involved in the study when they were booked in Nottingham‟s City Hospital during 2001. According to the researchers, vegetarian mothers were defined as pregnant women who avoided meat and fish. Nearly five percent were vegetarian among them, a total of more than 250 women. 2. To further test their surprise findings, they increased the sample number to what scientists call a “statistically significant” level. The study was extended for a further six months so that the sex of more babies could be looked at. The results, covering around 150 more vegetarian women, were “just about exactly the same”. 3. In an article outlining their findings in the British journal, Hudson suggested a further study could be carried out to investigate whether the diet of fathers affects the sex of children. Script Vegetarian mothers have more girls A British study of how diet affects the health of new mothers and their babies produced the surprise finding that vegetarian women are more likely to have girls, one of the report‟s authors said yesterday. In what is thought to be the first study of its kind, researchers at Nottingham University in central England found significant differences in the sex of babies born to vegetarian and meat and fish-eating women. “We were very surprised. This was something we were never looking to find,” Pauline Hudson, one of the report‟s authors said. “We were examining the health conditions in vegetarian and non-vegetarian mothers, looking at things like hemoglobin levels, which show how much iron the mother has in her blood, and birth weights.” Altogether 5 942 pregnant women were involved in the study when they were booked in Nottingham‟s City Hospital during 2001. According to the researchers, vegetarian mothers were defined as pregnant women who avoided meat and fish. Nearly five percent were vegetarian among them, a total of more than 250 women. “The birth ratio in Britain is that for every 106 boys born there are 100 girls, that‟s pretty constant,” said Hudson. In our sample group of vegetarians there were 81.5 boys born for every 100 girls.” To further test their surprise findings, they increased the sample number to what scientists call a “Statistically significant” level. The study was extended for a further six months so that the sex of more babies could be looked at. The results, covering around 150 more vegetarian women, were “just about exactly the same.” The study also found that vegetarian mothers were less likely to smoke during pregnancy--10 percent did so, compared with 20 percent of meat-eaters. These differences were attributed to the likelihood that a vegetarian and health-conscious lifestyle tends to go together, and that some extreme vegetarian mothers choose to avoid bottled milk containing dairy products. Previous studies have shown that diets high in some metal elements like calcium and magnesium will produce more male births, but there is no evidence that a vegetarian diet is low in these elements. In an article outlining their findings in the British journal, Hudson suggested a further study could be carried out to investigate whether the diet of fathers affects the sex of children. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answers ? None of the above. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers Question 1: ? They are convenient. ? They must be doing something right. ? They localize the flavor in some other countries in order to cater for the people there. ? You know exactly what you are going to get every time you go there. Question 2: ? Everywhere you turn there is another blasted McDonald‟s. ? There‟re over 8 000 McDonald‟s restaurants in the US alone. By the year 2020, everyone will eat at McDonald‟s every day! ? The average McDonald‟s franchise rakes in over $1 million a year. ? One in every seven American millionaires got their start at McDonald‟s. Script and Answers to Self-study Hundred billion burgers Lucy: Do you make hamburgers at home? Eliza: Frankly speaking, I (1) am tired of hearing about hamburgers. Lucy: Oh, (2) I‟m starving. Hey, there is a McDonald‟s up ahead. Eliza: There‟s always a McDonald‟s up ahead. (3) Everywhere you turn there is another blasted McDonald‟s. Lucy: (4) What‟s wrong with that? Hey, they are convenient. Eliza: They‟re too convenient! Anything would be convenient if it could be found on every street corner. I‟m (5) just plain sick of seeing the “Golden Arches” everywhere I turn. Lucy: I like McDonald‟s. Eliza: I‟m sick of McDonald‟s. Did you know that there are over (6) 8 000 McDonald‟s restaurants in the US alone and over 11 000 franchises worldwide? (7) By the year 2020, everyone will eat at McDonald‟s every day! Lucy: They‟re definitely everywhere. But they must be doing something right; they‟ve sold over 100 billion burgers. They are even in Japan. Did you know they even (8) put special Japanese sauces on some of their burgers in Japan? Eliza: Whatever, I just don‟t think their food is all that great. Lucy: But at least (9) their product is consistent; you know exactly what you are gonna get every time you go there. Eliza: Did you know that their mascot, Ronald McDonald is now (10) recognized by 96 percent of all American schoolchildren? They are the largest minimum-wage employer in America and own more (11) real estate than any other company on earth. Lucy: I heard that a person working at a McDonald‟s in Moscow makes more than (12) the average Russian doctor does. Eliza: That‟s disgusting! The average McDonald‟s franchise rakes in (13) over $1 million a year. They say that one in every seven American millionaires (14) got their start at McDonald‟s. Lucy: All this food trivia is making me hungry. Let‟s hurry and find a fast food place. Eliza: Okay. What do you feel like eating? Lucy: I‟ve got this (15) intense craving for a Big Mac. Eliza: I just lost my appetite. Unit 18 What’s going on? Vocabulary Task Script and Answers 1. A: Oh, my gosh. Michael had another accident. B: What happened? A: Last night his car hydroplaned and rolled off the road. Fortunately he was wearing the seatbelt. B: That was a close call. 2. A: My goodness! The number of overweight children has doubled in the last 20 years. B: That‟s no surprise. Don‟t you see children are having too much junk food, more television and video games? A: Yes, you are right. And they are not getting enough exercise. B: This must have something to do with our economy and society in general. 3. A: Hey, do you know this? Women tend to have less success than men in quitting smoking. B: You are not serious, are you? A: This is the latest finding. What‟s even worse is that women may suffer greater risks of smoking-related diseases than men do. B: That‟s downright depressing. Lots of people are shrugging this off and consider smoking in vogue. 4. A: Look at this. Each year, almost 1 million teenage girls become pregnant and more than half end in having births. B: That‟s incredible. They should be studying in school. Why don‟t their parents prevent this? A: Yes, their parents should be responsible. But many just seem so incapable. B: It really gets me. Parents should learn to build strong and close relationships with their kids so as to exercise influence on their behavior. 5. A: Oh, no, another two people were killed in a suicide bombing attack! B: My goodness! These people are crazy. Didn‟t the two sides agreed to a ceasefire? A: Yes, they did. Now look, there will be greater tension in the area. B: Of course. But what indeed is it that could inspire so many suicide bombers? Listening Task 2. Listening Activity 1) First Listening Answers 1. The speaker was reporting on a school shooting. 2. The speaker was a journalist new to her job. 3. The speaker was reporting something that happened in her city. 2) Second Listening Answers 1. The casualties of the shooting were four dead and at least 10 more wounded. 2. The speaker stopped before she reached a student witness because she couldn‟t stand having her recollect the shooting. 3. The speaker wept because her job conflicted with her emotion. 4. Finally she realized the value of her job. Script A journalist’s first journey The bulletin announced there had been a shooting at a Jonesboro middle school. Four children were dead and at least 10 more wounded. I stared at the screen. “Jonesboro?” I thought. “I didn‟t know there was another Jonesboro ... But it says „Arkansas‟. That doesn‟t make sense.” Finally it began to sink in. Something has happened here. “What school?” I screamed at the television. I turned to our local station. Nothing, only some talk show about teen romances. I rushed out the door, and made my way across town. Everything seemed fairly normal. People seemed to be going about their business as they always did in this quiet little city. But something hung in the air. I looked closer at the faces and saw masks of shock. The next day I was sent to the school to report on the shooting. I found a student and walked to her, but about five feet away, I stopped dead in my tracks. “Oh my God!” I thought. “I can‟t do this! These are my own people. I can‟t go up to her and ask how she felt seeing her classmates shot up, or how she felt seeing the blood of her best friend pool around her feet as it sought cracks in the concrete. And I can‟t explain to her that I‟m only asking because the rest of the world wants to read about it.” I panicked. I wanted to scream to everyone to get the hell out of here. If they would all just go away, things would be okay, and we would realize that none of this really happened! I looked around wildly, expecting someone to slap me and curse me for even thinking about bothering that little girl. But no one noticed me. Everyone was still rushing back and forth. I wondered what God was thinking as He watched this. A small-framed woman was to my right, walking in circles as she talked on a cell phone, “Beautiful, that‟s beautiful! Go with it!” The arm not holding the phone was waving in the air like a politician pledging promises. I turned toward the brick wall and wept. Feeling as if I had cleansed some of the horrible, greedy filth from my soul, I regrouped. I was here to tell a story, to document evils done to our children, to possibly find some shred of reason why two young boys felt so violent that they gunned down their classmates. I would do my best to help bring to light the forces that destroyed lives. Hiding behind my camera, I wandered around the grounds and soon blended with the rest of the people, scurrying back and forth, intensely focused on the job at hand. Real World Listening 1. Predict Answer ? Traffic lights were turned off. 2. Get the Main Ideas Answers 1. Because she had a dog to take care of at home. 2. He had to walk down 86 flights of stairs. 3. No, it was just an extraordinary electrical blackout. 4. By pay phones. 5. No, he was relaxed because he said that it was interesting to see what happened to a city when there was no power. Script and Answers to Self-study Blackout Broadcaster: Pedestrians swarmed the streets of New York City Thursday afternoon as a blackout halted subways and buses, turned off traffic signals and flushed workers out of businesses where the air conditioning and elevators had suddenly stopped working. Throngs of people, smiling and laughing for the most part, walked alongside cars across the bridges out of the city. Our cameras showed dozens of people in the back of a van, apparently hitching a ride. The people smiled and talked on cell phones as the van pulled away from an intersection. Other people licked ice cream put at risk because of the lack of power for freezers on a day where the temperature topped 90 degrees. Our reporter talked to some of them. Carol: I work in Jersey City and live in New York. I‟m waiting for a ferry ride back home. This might be a mistake. But I have a dog, and there‟s no way I‟m staying in Jersey while my dog sweats to death. James: I was on top of the Empire State Building when the power went out. We had to walk down 86 flights of stairs. I kept thinking about the Twin Towers and how I would get down. But everybody was calm. We want to see the lights tonight. We hope it doesn‟t last too long. Jessica: I‟m scared. It‟s that unknown “what‟s going on” feeling. Everyone‟s panicking. The city‟s shutting down. People that would normally be inside are outside because they are baking in their buildings. The temperature is 91 degrees. Rachel: I‟ve done this before--this is just like Sept. 11th. I don‟t know where I‟m going tonight, but I can‟t drive home. I ended up staying with a nice guy in Jersey City whose family took me in. I‟m worried about my elderly mother. In times like this, you want to be with your family. I thought the chaos was caused by terrorism, but they say it‟s nothing more than an extraordinary electrical blackout. Cathy: There seems to be problems getting cell lines out. People walking by are asking, “You have a cell phone line?” and for the first time there are lines at pay phones here. But the streets are more crowded now than I‟ve seen in a long time. There‟s no air conditioning inside. It looks like a lot places have given up and closed up for the day. Kevin: I don‟t know what‟s happened yet. It‟s just interesting to see what happens to a city when they have no power. I‟m going to hang out here for a while, and maybe the subway will start working again. Otherwise it‟s a long walk home. Real World Speaking Answer for Reference The journalist was supposed to report on a middle school shooting that took place in her city. She should interview some students who witnessed or experienced the shooting. But she thought it cruel to have the students relive the scene. This conflicts with her journalistic responsibility.