眼科基础知识考试题

眼科基础知识考 一 选择题(每题3分) 1. 导致慢性泪囊炎的主要病因是 A. 泪总管阻塞 B. 泪囊狭窄 C. 泪小点闭合 D. 泪小管阻塞 E. 鼻泪管阻塞或狭窄 :E 2. 急性泪囊炎不应该进行下列哪项处理 A. 热敷 B. 局部滴用抗生素眼液 C. 泪道冲洗 D. 切开排脓 E. 全身应用抗生素 答案:C 3.眼球壁分为哪三层: A. 纤维膜、虹膜、葡萄膜 B. 纤维膜、角膜、视网膜 C. 纤维膜、巩膜、视网膜 D. 纤维膜、葡萄膜、视网膜 E. 纤维膜、虹膜、视网膜 答案:D 4.角膜组织学分五层，下列哪些损伤后可以再生: A. 角膜上皮层和基质层 B. 角膜上皮层和内皮层 C. 角膜上皮层和后弹力层 D. 前弹力层和后弹力层 E. 内皮层和后弹力层 答案:C 5.房水中下列哪项不包括 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check A. 乳酸、维生素C B. 葡萄糖 C. 氧气、二氧化碳 D. 钠、钾、氯 E. 尿酸、蛋白质 答案:C 6.正常玻璃体功能述不正确的是: A(支持作用 B(保持透明 C(促进眼球发育 D(促进细胞增殖 E(代谢作用 答案:D 7.玻璃体后脱离时: A(多数有急性症状 B(多伴有视网膜裂孔的发生 C(多有视网膜脱离的发生 D(无眼前漂浮感 E(有闪光感 答案:E 8.下列哪项最容易诱发视网膜脱离: , 近视者玻璃体后脱离 , 闪辉性玻璃体液化症 , 星状玻璃体病变 , 玻璃体液化 , 飞蚊症 答案:, 9.轴性近视主要与何有关 A. 角膜曲率过大 B. 晶状体曲率过大 C. 前房过深 D. 玻璃体曲率过大 E. 眼轴过长 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 答案:E 10.下列不属于屈光不正的是 A. 近视 B. 远视 C. 散光 I. 老视 J. 屈光参差 答案:D 二、填空题(每空3分) 1.角膜接触镜从材料上分为 软镜和 硬镜 。 2.散光对视力下降的影响取决于散光的 度数和 轴位 3.5~9岁年龄段，弱视治疗效果取决于年龄 、弱视程度 和对治疗的依从性 。年龄越小治疗效果越好。 4.双眼向正前方平直注视时的眼位称为 原眼位(或第一眼位) ，此时眼肌的主要动作称为 主要作用 ，其次要动作称为次要作用 。 三、名词解释(每题5分) 1.调节:一个正视眼如欲看清近距离物体，就必须增加眼的屈光力，缩短焦距， 使落在视网膜之后的焦点前移到视网膜上。这种为了适应看近距离，而增加眼的屈光力的现象，叫做调节。 2.视轴:光从进入瞳孔到落在视网膜黄斑中心凹处所经过的轴线。 四、简答题(每题15分) 1.六条眼外肌的运动功能是什么, 答案:内直肌的主要作用为内转，无次要作用。外直肌的主要作用为外转， 无次要作用。上直肌的主要作用为上转，次要作用为内旋、内转。下直肌的主要作用为下转，次要作用为外旋、内转。上斜肌的主要作用为内旋，次要作用为下转、外转。下斜肌的主要作用为外族，次要作用 为上转、外转。 2.弱视的定义、分类。 答案: 定义:弱视是在视觉发育期间，由于各种原因造成视觉细胞的有效刺激不足，从而造成矫正视力低于同龄正常儿童，一般眼科检查未见黄斑中心凹异常。 分类:斜视性、屈光性、形觉剥夺性和遮盖性。 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check