英语单词的读音规则

英语单词的读音规则 一、音节:音节是读音的基本单位，任何单词的读音，都是分解为一个个音节朗读。在英语中元音特别响亮，一个元音可构成一个音节，一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个音节。一般说来，元音可以构成音节，辅音不响亮，不能构成音节。但英语辅音字母中有 4 个辅音[M]，[n]，[ng]，[l]是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读音节。英语的词有一个音节的，两个音节的，多个音节的，一个音节叫单音节，两个音节叫双音节，三个音节以上叫多音节。如:take 拿，ta"ble 桌子，pota"to` 马铃薯，pop`ula"tion 人口，congrat`ula"tion 祝贺。tel"ecommu`nica"tion 电讯[/M] 划分音节的方法:元音是构成音节的主体，辅音是音节的分界线。两辅音之间不管有多少个元音，一般都是一个音节。如:bed 床，bet 打赌，seat 坐位，beat 毒打，beaut 极好的 beau"ty 美。两元音字母之间有一个辅音字母时，辅音字母归后一音节，如:stu"dent 学生，la"bour 劳动。有两个辅音字母时，一个辅音字母归前一音节，一个归后一音节，如:let"ter 信，win"ter 冬天。不能拆分的字母组合按字母组合划分音节。如:fa"ther 父亲，tea"cher 教师。 二、单词重音:本方法将音节分成重读音节、次重读音节和非重读音节。 1、重读音节:英语的双音节或多音节的词中，有一个读得特别响亮的音节，叫重读音节。重读音节按重读音节的读音规则读音。如:Chi"na 中国，dri"ver 司机。 2、次重读音节:按重读音节的读音规则读音 , 但不重读的音节。un`derstand" 懂得，her`self" 她自己。 3、非重读音节:按非读音节的读音规则读音，不重读的音节。如:let"ter 信，hap"py 快乐。 重读音节的规律如下: 1、 一般双音节词重读音节在第一个音节上。如:sis"ter 姐妹，win"dy 有风的。 2、 由单音节加前缀构成的双音节词，重音在第二音节。about" 关于，report" 报告。 3、 多音节词重音在倒数第三个音节，三音节词就是第一个音节。dif"ficult 困难的，li"brory 图馆。 4、 双音节或多音节词加了前缀或后缀后，按原来词根的重读音节读音。如:def"inite 肯定的? indef"inite 不肯定的。care"ful` 小心? cae"ful`ly 小心地。 the provisions of Hunan province safety production supervision and management responsibilities > (Hunan Zhengban made 2013 No. 4), resolutely implement the safety production of the party with responsibility, a pair of responsibility. "Two is issued safety production administration and inspection to promote the responsibilities bear safety production supervision departments strictly and effectively assumed responsibility. The three is the establishment of enterprise production safety hidden With self correction self reporting system, promote the enterprises to implement the main responsibility for production safety. The four is the introduction of strengthening county safety production supervision ability construction work, promote safe production responsibility to the grassroots. 3, strict accountability and target management. Adhere to the "who is in charge, who is responsible for the pipe industry must pipes, pipe production and management must control safety management business must be safe" principle, the implementation of safe production supervision and stagnation to cure. "The leadership responsible system. Production safety of key towns, key enterprises and key problems, by the township government and the Department responsible for the stagnation led the lump sum, to tackle tough. To further increase the production safety index assessment, strict implementation of safe production of "one vote veto" award and recognition system, strengthen production safety incentive mechanism (four). Adhere to the political principles against unwholesome tendencies existence of the problem is not strict internal supervision. Over the years, the global leadership team members do not have any illegal and other bad records, but there are still not strict, the implementation does not survive the problem. A few leading cadres not strictly in accordance with the county Party committee, county government On strengthening style construction requirements and style construction safety supervision system of "ten prohibitions", to solve the people most concerned, the most direct, the most realistic problem of production safety as the starting point and goal of all work, to strengthen internal supervision on the way, in the perfect power control mechanism on "let things drift", get free in the political norms of leading cadres, some involving major principle problems of ambiguous attitude, major issues issues of right and wrong, it cannot stand up bravely, face to face, resolute struggle and discredit the views of the party in 2012. The style of the big consolidation activities, cadres and workers 6 people were 5、 词尾是 -ic,-tion,-sion 的词，在 -ic,-tion,-sion 前的一个音节重读。dem`ocrat"ic 民主的，trans`la"tion 翻译，impres"sion 印象。 6、 一般多音节词汇只有一个重读音节，其余均为次重读音节或非重读音节。有些复合词、英语的译名有两个重音。如:fif"teen" 十五，Ber"lin" 柏林。 三、主音和次音:本方法根据字母的读音是否常用，把字母读音分成主音和次音。主音就是字母的主要读音，常用。次音就是字母的次要读音，读音规则的例外情况，不常用。在一般情况下，字母发主音，在少数情况下，由于受相邻字母等因素的影响，字母发次音。在主音字母下加一横线表示次音。如:move 搬动，wash 洗。 四、元音字母在重读音节中的读音:在重读音节中，根据元音字母 a,e,i,o,u 的读音，划分以下 5 种音节类型: 1、 开音节:有两种开音节，一种叫绝对开音节，即在元音字母后没有辅音字母，如:we 我们，no 不。另一种叫相对开音节，即在元音字母后有一个辅音字母 (r 除外)，还有一个不发音的字母 e，如:name 名字，like 象。或一个元音字母后有一个不发音的 e。如: e 时，这个 e 自成音节发die 死，keep 保持。 注意:在元音字母后有两个辅音再加一个 音。如:conve"nient 方便的，conve"nience 方便。 2、 闭音节:元音字母后有辅音字母 (r 除外) 时，这个元音字母构成的音节叫闭音节。也分两种情况，一种叫绝对闭音节，音节元音后有辅音字母，如:map 地图，bag 书包。另一种叫相对闭音节，音节的元音后没有辅音字母，而是向后面的音节借用辅音字母，借来的字母在拼读时自然回归后面的音节。如:pit"y 同情，bod"y 身体。 3、-r 音节:元音字母与辅音字母 -r 结合构成的音节。如:car 汽车，park 公园。 4、-re 音节:元音字母与 -re 结合构成的音节。如:care 照料，here 这里。 5、元音字母组合音节:由元音字母和元音字母组合，或元音字母与 -y,-w,-l,-g,-gh,n 等组合构成的音节。如:wait 等候，say 说。 五、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音:元音字母在非重读音节中的读音变化较少 六、辅音字母的读音:辅音字母读音变化较少，一般情况下发主音，少数情况发次音。 problem. A few leading cadres not strictly in accordance with the county Party committee, county government On strengthening embers do not have any illegal and other bad records, but there are still not strict, the implementation does not survive theteam mst unwholesome tendencies existence of the problem is not strict internal supervision. Over the years, the global leadership ard and recognition system, strengthen production safety incentive mechanism (four). Adhere to the political principles againto" awe tough. To further increase the production safety index assessment, strict implementation of safe production of "one vote veses and key problems, by the township government and the Department responsible for the stagnation led the lump sum, to tacklterpriafe production supervision and stagnation to cure. "The leadership responsible system. Production safety of key towns, key enipes, pipe production and management must control safety management business must be safe" principle, the implementation of smust ps. 3, strict accountability and target management. Adhere to the "who is in charge, who is responsible for the pipe industry ening county safety production supervision ability construction work, promote safe production responsibility to the grassrootrengthystem, promote the enterprises to implement the main responsibility for production safety. The four is the introduction of std responsibility. The three is the establishment of enterprise production safety hidden With self correction self reporting sssumetion and inspection to promote the responsibilities bear safety production supervision departments strictly and effectively athe safety production of the party with responsibility, a pair of responsibility. "Two is issued safety production administra . 4), resolutely implementthe provisions of Hunan province safety production supervision and management responsibilities > (Hunan Zhengban made 2013 Nosolidation activities, cadres and workers 6 people werennot stand up bravely, face to face, resolute struggle and discredit the views of the party in 2012. The style of the big conit ca rms of leading cadres, some involving major principle problems of ambiguous attitude, major issues issues of right and wrong,n internal supervision on the way, in the perfect power control mechanism on "let things drift", get free in the political nongthencerned, the most direct, the most realistic problem of production safety as the starting point and goal of all work, to streconstruction requirements and style construction safety supervision system of "ten prohibitions", to solve the people most co style2 元音重读音节补充规定: 1、 些元音字母组合的读音是按一个字母发音或按 -r 音节发音，另外一些字母不发音，本方法将不发音的字母标记为斜体字，这样有利于初学者记忆。如:ai[ae], ay[ae], au[ar], ay[ee], aor[or]。 2、 闭音节 a 的前面是 w- 时 , 读次音[o]。但 wa"ter 水 , 读["worta.]，用 wa 表示。 3、 闭音节 a 的后面是 -f,-m,-n,-s,- th ,- th 时 , 英国英语读[ar]，美国英语读[a]。本方法用开音节次音标记。 4、 闭音节 o 的后面是 -m,-n,-v,-th 时读次音[u]。 5、闭音节 u 的前面是 b-,p-,f- 时读次音[u]。 6、 开音节 u,ui,ew 的前面是 l-,r-,j- 时均读次音[ue]。 7、 次音 al 读[orl]，但后面是 -k 时读次音[or]。 8、 在双音节或多音节中，在两个音节相邻处有 r 时，可分三种情况: (1)、相邻处是 rr 时，一个 r 归前面的音节，重音符号标记在 r 后，r 前面的元音按闭音节读音。如:car"ry 搬动，sor"ry 抱歉的。 (2)、相邻处是“元音字母 +r+ 辅音字母”时，r 归前面的音节，重音符号标记在 r 后，r 前面的元音按 -r 音节读音。如:par"ty 政党，thir"ty 三十。 (3)、相邻处是“元音字母 +r+ 元音字母”时，r 归前面的音节，重音符号标记在 r 后，r 前面的元音按 -re 音节读音。并且 r 与后面的元音拼读。如:par"ent 父 (母) 亲，zer" o` 零。 (4)、相邻处是“元音字母 +r+ 元音字母”时，r 归后面的音节，重音符号标记在 r 前，r 前面的元音按开音节读音。如:ve"ry 很，Ame"rica 美国。 8、53 类以后的音节较少见，不要求记住什么情况下读主音或次音，只要记住这些音节的读音就可以了。 元音重读音节读音举例: 第 1 类:开音节 a:主音读[ae]，如 name 名字，cake 蛋糕。次音读[ar]，如 a"sk 问，pa"st 超过。 ion toust control safety management business must be safe" principle, the implementation of safe production supervision and stagnatement. Adhere to the "who is in charge, who is responsible for the pipe industry must pipes, pipe production and management mmanag sion ability construction work, promote safe production responsibility to the grassroots. 3, strict accountability and targetthe main responsibility for production safety. The four is the introduction of strengthening county safety production superviement ablishment of enterprise production safety hidden With self correction self reporting system, promote the enterprises to implbilities bear safety production supervision departments strictly and effectively assumed responsibility. The three is the estsponsith responsibility, a pair of responsibility. "Two is issued safety production administration and inspection to promote the rend management responsibilities > (Hunan Zhengban made 2013 No. 4), resolutely implement the safety production of the party withe provisions of Hunan province safety production supervision apeople wereers 6 esolute struggle and discredit the views of the party in 2012. The style of the big consolidation activities, cadres and workprinciple problems of ambiguous attitude, major issues issues of right and wrong, it cannot stand up bravely, face to face, rmajor the perfect power control mechanism on "let things drift", get free in the political norms of leading cadres, some involving c problem of production safety as the starting point and goal of all work, to strengthen internal supervision on the way, in alistionstruction safety supervision system of "ten prohibitions", to solve the people most concerned, the most direct, the most rein accordance with the county Party committee, county government On strengthening style construction requirements and style cictly er bad records, but there are still not strict, the implementation does not survive the problem. A few leading cadres not strroblem is not strict internal supervision. Over the years, the global leadership team members do not have any illegal and oththe pproduction safety incentive mechanism (four). Adhere to the political principles against unwholesome tendencies existence of safety index assessment, strict implementation of safe production of "one vote veto" award and recognition system, strengthention overnment and the Department responsible for the stagnation led the lump sum, to tackle tough. To further increase the produccure. "The leadership responsible system. Production safety of key towns, key enterprises and key problems, by the township g3 第 2 类:开音节 e:主音读[ee]，如 he 他，we 我们。次音读[e]，如 ve"ry 很，Ame"rican 美国的。 第 3 类:开音节 i:主音读[ie]，如 I 我，like 象。次音读[ee]，如 field 田地，police"man 警察。 第 4 类:开音节 o:主音读[oe]，如 hope 希望，no 没有。次音读[ue]，如 shoe 鞋，move 搬动。 第 5 类:开音节 u:主音读[ue]，如 use 用，du"ty 职责。次音读[ue]，如 June 六月，true 真的。 第 6 类:闭音节 a:主音读[a]，如 map 地图，bag 书包。次音读[o]，如 wash 洗，want 想要。 第 7 类:闭音节 e:主音读[e]，如 tell 告诉，rest 休息。次音读[i]，如 Eng"lish 英语，Eng"land 英格兰。 第 8 类:闭音节 i:主音读[i]，如 it 它，if 如果。无次音。 第 9 类:闭音节 o:主音读[o]，如 not 不，dog 狗。次音读[u]，如 son 儿子，month 月。 第 10 类:闭音节 u:主音读[u]，如 sun 太阳，but 但是。次音读[u]，如 pull 拉，push 推。 辅音补充规定: 1、 辅音字母组合只发一个字母的音，另外一些字母不发音，本方法将不发音的字母标记为斜体字，这样有利于初学者记忆。如:wh[w], wr 2、* c 在元音 e,i,-y 前主音读[s]，次音读[ch]。 3、* g 在元音 e,i,-y 前主音读[j]，次音读[g]。 4、n 在[k]和[g]前读次音[ng]。 5、x 在重读元音前读次音[gz]。 6、th 在冠词、代词、介词、连词前读次音 7、s 在两元音之间，在浊辅音前读次音[z]。 8、qu 读[kw]，当词中出现 qu 的组合和元音时，u 不与其它元音字母组合。 e tough. To further increase the production safety index assessment, strict implementation of safe production of "one vote veses and key problems, by the township government and the Department responsible for the stagnation led the lump sum, to tacklterpriafe production supervision and stagnation to cure. "The leadership responsible system. Production safety of key towns, key enipes, pipe production and management must control safety management business must be safe" principle, the implementation of smust ps. 3, strict accountability and target management. Adhere to the "who is in charge, who is responsible for the pipe industry ening county safety production supervision ability construction work, promote safe production responsibility to the grassrootrengthystem, promote the enterprises to implement the main responsibility for production safety. The four is the introduction of std responsibility. The three is the establishment of enterprise production safety hidden With self correction self reporting sssumetion and inspection to promote the responsibilities bear safety production supervision departments strictly and effectively athe safety production of the party with responsibility, a pair of responsibility. "Two is issued safety production administra . 4), resolutely implementthe provisions of Hunan province safety production supervision and management responsibilities > (Hunan Zhengban made 2013 Nosolidation activities, cadres and workers 6 people werennot stand up bravely, face to face, resolute struggle and discredit the views of the party in 2012. The style of the big conit ca rms of leading cadres, some involving major principle problems of ambiguous attitude, major issues issues of right and wrong,n internal supervision on the way, in the perfect power control mechanism on "let things drift", get free in the political nongthencerned, the most direct, the most realistic problem of production safety as the starting point and goal of all work, to streconstruction requirements and style construction safety supervision system of "ten prohibitions", to solve the people most co styleproblem. A few leading cadres not strictly in accordance with the county Party committee, county government On strengthening embers do not have any illegal and other bad records, but there are still not strict, the implementation does not survive theteam mst unwholesome tendencies existence of the problem is not strict internal supervision. Over the years, the global leadership ard and recognition system, strengthen production safety incentive mechanism (four). Adhere to the political principles againto" aw4 9、其它字母组合较少见，不要求记住什么情况下读主音或次音，只要记住这些字母组合的读音就可以了。 10、在动词或名词词尾加 s 时，s 的读音如下，不标记: (1)、前面是清辅音读[s]。如:lamps 灯，desks 书桌，looks 看，waits 等。 (2)、前面是浊辅音、元音读[z]。如:beds 床，pigs 猪，plays 玩，walls 墙。 (3)、前面是[sh],[s],[z],[ts],[j]时加 -es，-es 读[iz]。如:washes 洗，cla’sses 阶级，boxes 盒子，praises 称赞，matches 火柴，pages 页。由此派生的其它类词，也按此法读音。 11、词过去式加词尾 -ed 时，-ed 的读音如下，不标记: (1)、前面是清辅音 (t 例外) 读[t]。如:walked 走路，missed 想念，jumped 跳，washed 洗。 (2)、前面是浊辅音 (d 例外) 读[d]。如:played 玩，closed 关上，robbed 抢劫，begged 恳求。 、前面是[t]和[d]) 读[id]。如:wanted 想要，needed 需要。由此派生的其它类 (3) 词，也按此法读音。 辅音字母读音举例: 1、 p:主音读[p]，如 plane 飞机，map 地图。无次音。 2、 b:主音读[b]，如 bike 自行车，bag 书包。无次音。 3、 t:主音读[t]，如 take 拿到，time 时间。次音读[tF]，如 for"tune 命运，for"tunate 幸运的。 4、 d:主音读[d]，如 deep 深的，and 和。次音读[dV]，如 so"ldier 士兵。 5、 k:主音读[k]，如 cake 蛋糕，kill 杀死。无次音。 6、 g:主音读[g]，如 gate 大门，go 去。无次音。 7、*g:在元音 e,i,y 前面，主音读[j]，如 age 年龄，cha"nge 变化。次音读[g]，如 get 得到，begin" 开始。 8、音读[k]。如 can 能，cup 杯子。无次音。 ion toust control safety management business must be safe" principle, the implementation of safe production supervision and stagnatement. Adhere to the "who is in charge, who is responsible for the pipe industry must pipes, pipe production and management mmanag sion ability construction work, promote safe production responsibility to the grassroots. 3, strict accountability and targetthe main responsibility for production safety. The four is the introduction of strengthening county safety production superviement ablishment of enterprise production safety hidden With self correction self reporting system, promote the enterprises to implbilities bear safety production supervision departments strictly and effectively assumed responsibility. The three is the estsponsith responsibility, a pair of responsibility. "Two is issued safety production administration and inspection to promote the rend management responsibilities > (Hunan Zhengban made 2013 No. 4), resolutely implement the safety production of the party withe provisions of Hunan province safety production supervision apeople wereers 6 esolute struggle and discredit the views of the party in 2012. The style of the big consolidation activities, cadres and workprinciple problems of ambiguous attitude, major issues issues of right and wrong, it cannot stand up bravely, face to face, rmajor the perfect power control mechanism on "let things drift", get free in the political norms of leading cadres, some involving c problem of production safety as the starting point and goal of all work, to strengthen internal supervision on the way, in alistionstruction safety supervision system of "ten prohibitions", to solve the people most concerned, the most direct, the most rein accordance with the county Party committee, county government On strengthening style construction requirements and style cictly er bad records, but there are still not strict, the implementation does not survive the problem. A few leading cadres not strroblem is not strict internal supervision. Over the years, the global leadership team members do not have any illegal and oththe pproduction safety incentive mechanism (four). Adhere to the political principles against unwholesome tendencies existence of safety index assessment, strict implementation of safe production of "one vote veto" award and recognition system, strengthention overnment and the Department responsible for the stagnation led the lump sum, to tackle tough. To further increase the produccure. "The leadership responsible system. Production safety of key towns, key enterprises and key problems, by the township g5 9、*c:在元音 e,i,y 前面，主音读[s]，如 rice 大米，cit"y 城市。次音读[ch]，如。cel"lo` 大琴，concer"to` 协奏曲。 10、q:主音读[k]，如 Ira"q 伊拉克，Ira"qi 伊拉克的。无次音。 字母和字母组合的读音要牢牢记住，初学者可先记住字母和字母组合举例词的读音，通过举例词的读音记住字母和字母组合的读音。譬如，记住举例词 an"y (一些)，man"y (许多) 的读音后，自然就记住了 an 读[en]。单字母读音和字母在词汇中读音的关系:在英文中，字母一般按本书总结的读音规则读音，只是在缩写词中才按单字母读音。如:tel"levis`ion ? TV 电视。字母在词汇中的读音和单字母的读音有密切的关系。 字母可分成元音字母、半元音字母和辅音字母。 元音字母有 5 个，它们在重读开音节中的主音读字母读音。即:a[ae]、e[ee]、i[ie]、o[oe]、u[ue]。半元音字母两个，按元音发音时重读开音节主音读字母读音的元音，它们是 y[wie ? ie]、w[dblue ? ue]。 辅音字母有 19 个，其中 17 个读主音读字母读音的辅音，它们是:b[bee ? b]、*c[see ? s]、d[dee ? d]、f[ef ? f]、*g[jee ?j]、j[jae ?j]、k[kei ? k]、l[el ? l]、m[em ? m]、n[en ? n]、p[pee ? p]、q[kue ? k]、s[es ? s]、t[tee ? t]、v[vee ? v]、x[eks ? ks]、z[zed ? z]。有两个按它们同形状的国际音标发音，它们是:h[aech ? h]、r[ar ? r]。 英式英语和美式英语的区别 英式英语用国际音标标记读音，美式英语用 K.K 音标标记读音。两者的主要区别是:英式英语元音不卷舌，美式英语部分元音卷舌，英式英语某些读[ar]的音，美式英语读[A]，英式英语某些读[C]的音，美式英语读[ar]，具体是: 1、重读 -r 音节 er、ir、or、ur，英式英语读[a.]，美式英语卷舌，读[a.r]。 2、轻读 -r 音节 ar、er、ir、or、ur，英式英语读[a.]，美式英语卷舌，读[a.r]。 3、重读 -r 音节 ar、er，单词 are 英式英语读[ar]，美式英语卷舌，读[ar r]。 4、重读 -r 音节和带 -r 的字母组合音节 ar、or、ore、aor、oar、oor、our，英式英语读[or]，美式英语卷舌，读[orr]。 5、英式英语读[ere]的字母组合，美式英语卷舌，读[erer]。 6、英式英语读[are]的字母组合，美式英语卷舌，读[are r]。 7、 英式英语读[ure]的字母组合，美式英语卷舌，读[urer]。 8、 重读音节英式英语读[o]的字母，美式英语读[ar]。 9、 重读音节 a 的后面是 -f、-m、-n、-s、-th、- th 时，英式英语读[ar]，美式英语读[a]。 embers do not have any illegal and other bad records, but there are still not strict, the implementation does not survive theteam mst unwholesome tendencies existence of the problem is not strict internal supervision. Over the years, the global leadership ard and recognition system, strengthen production safety incentive mechanism (four). Adhere to the political principles againto" awe tough. To further increase the production safety index assessment, strict implementation of safe production of "one vote veses and key problems, by the township government and the Department responsible for the stagnation led the lump sum, to tacklterpriafe production supervision and stagnation to cure. "The leadership responsible system. Production safety of key towns, key enipes, pipe production and management must control safety management business must be safe" principle, the implementation of smust ps. 3, strict accountability and target management. Adhere to the "who is in charge, who is responsible for the pipe industry ening county safety production supervision ability construction work, promote safe production responsibility to the grassrootrengthystem, promote the enterprises to implement the main responsibility for production safety. The four is the introduction of std responsibility. The three is the establishment of enterprise production safety hidden With self correction self reporting sssumetion and inspection to promote the responsibilities bear safety production supervision departments strictly and effectively athe safety production of the party with responsibility, a pair of responsibility. "Two is issued safety production administra . 4), resolutely implementthe provisions of Hunan province safety production supervision and management responsibilities > (Hunan Zhengban made 2013 Nosolidation activities, cadres and workers 6 people werennot stand up bravely, face to face, resolute struggle and discredit the views of the party in 2012. The style of the big conit ca rms of leading cadres, some involving major principle problems of ambiguous attitude, major issues issues of right and wrong,n internal supervision on the way, in the perfect power control mechanism on "let things drift", get free in the political nongthencerned, the most direct, the most realistic problem of production safety as the starting point and goal of all work, to streconstruction requirements and style construction safety supervision system of "ten prohibitions", to solve the people most co styleproblem. A few leading cadres not strictly in accordance with the county Party committee, county government On strengthening 6