对 讲 机 外 壳 注 射 模 设 计

对 讲 机 外 壳 注 射 模 设 计 目 录 前言 .............................................................. 3 1 塑件 ..................................................... 5 1.1 基本特性 ........................................................... 5 1.2 成型特点 ........................................................... 5 1.3 主要技术指标 ....................................................... 5 1.4 ABS的注射工艺参数 ................................................. 5 2 型腔数目的决定及排布 .............................................. 8 3 分型面的选择 .................................................... 10 3.1 分型面的原则 .................................................. 10 4 浇注系统的设计 .................................................. 11 4.1 主浇道设计 ........................................................ 11 4.2分流道设计 ........................................................ 13 4.2.1 设计原则.......................................................................13 4.3冷料穴的设计 ...................................................... 14 4.4浇口的设计 ........................................................ 14 4.4.1 位置选择原则...................................................................14 4.4.2 浇口剪切速率的校核.............................................................15 5 注射机的型号和规格的确定 .......................................... 15 6 成型零部件的工作尺寸计算 ............................ 错误～未定义书签。 6.1 凸模径向尺寸计算 .................................. 错误～未定义书签。 6.2 凸模高度尺寸计算 .................................. 错误～未定义书签。 6.3 凹模径向尺寸的计算 ................................ 错误～未定义书签。 6.4 凹模型腔深度尺寸的计算 ............................ 错误～未定义书签。 6.5 定模型芯加工工艺卡 ................................ 错误～未定义书签。 7 模架的确定和标准件的选用 ............................ 错误～未定义书签。 7.1 定模座板 .......................................... 错误～未定义书签。 7.2 定模固定板 ........................................ 错误～未定义书签。 7.3 动模固定板 ........................................ 错误～未定义书签。 7.4 动模垫板 .......................................... 错误～未定义书签。 7.5 垫块 .............................................. 错误～未定义书签。 7.6 动模座板 .......................................... 错误～未定义书签。 8 导柱导向机构的设计 ................................. 错误～未定义书签。 8.1 导柱导向机构的作用 ................................ 错误～未定义书签。 8.2 导柱导套的选择 .................................... 错误～未定义书签。 9 排气槽的设计 ...................................... 错误～未定义书签。 10 推出机构的设计 .................................... 错误～未定义书签。 10.1 选用原则 ......................................... 错误～未定义书签。 10.2 推出机构的分类 ................................... 错误～未定义书签。 10.3 推出机构的组成 ................................... 错误～未定义书签。 10.4 脱模力的计算 ..................................... 错误～未定义书签。 10.5 抽芯机构设计 ..................................... 错误～未定义书签。 hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro-alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay measuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: X--content of reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; A--Rhine-Ed sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the product to be tested. F--concentration of fehling solution; V--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A-B) x0.9 (14): x--of sucrose content,%; A--transformed the reducing sugar content,%; Before B--into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxymethyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heating mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask, 11 温控系统设计 ..................................... 错误～未定义书签。 11.1 模温对塑件质量的影响 ............................. 错误～未定义书签。 11.2 模温对生产效率的影响 ............................. 错误～未定义书签。 11.3 加热系统 ......................................... 错误～未定义书签。 11.4 冷却系统 ......................................... 错误～未定义书签。 11.4.1 冷却介质......................................................................错误～未定义书签。 11.4.2 冷却装置的理论计算............................................................错误～未定义书签。 11.4.3 冷却装置的结构形式............................................................错误～未定义书签。 12 模具零部件材料选择 ................................ 错误～未定义书签。 12.1 塑料模选用钢材的原则 ............................. 错误～未定义书签。 12.2 模具的选材及热处理要求 ........................... 错误～未定义书签。 12 模具工作过程 ..................................... 错误～未定义书签。 13 注射模与注射机的关系.............................. 错误～未定义书签。 13.1 注射压力的校核 ................................... 错误～未定义书签。 13.2 锁模力的校核 ..................................... 错误～未定义书签。 13.3 开模行程与推出机构的校核 ......................... 错误～未定义书签。 13.4 安装部分相关尺寸校核 ............................. 错误～未定义书签。 14 设计小结 ...................................................... 15 致谢 ............................................................. 16 参考文献 .......................................................... 17 --concentration of fehling solution; V--oduct to be tested. FEd sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the pr-Rhine--f reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; Acontent o--.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: Xmeasuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2 alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay-hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro2ting mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask,.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heathyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxyme--Before Btransformed the reducing sugar content,%; --of sucrose content,%; A--B) x0.9 (14): x-sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M 前言 一、 概述 模具工业是国民经济的基础工业，被成为“工业之母”。而塑料模具又是整个模具行业中的一枝独秀，发展极为迅速。自从1927年聚氯乙烯塑料问世以来，随着高分子化学技术的发展以及高分子合成技术、材料改性技术的进步，愈来愈多的具有优异性能的高分子材料不断涌现，从而促使塑料工业飞跃发展。 在现代化工业生产中，69%~90%的工业产品需要使用模具加工，模具工业已成为工业发展的基础，许多新产品的开发和生产在很大程度上都依赖于模具生产，特别是汽车、轻工、电子、航空等行业尤为突出。我国自改革开放以来，塑料工业发展很快，现在不仅塑料增加而且其品种更为增多，其产量已上升到居世界第四位，由此可见，塑料工业已在我国国民经济的各个部门中发挥了愈来愈大的作用。 在模具方面，我国模具总量虽已位居世界第三，但设计制造水平总体上比德、美、日、法、意等发达国家落后许多，模具商品化和标准化程度比国际水平低许多。在模具价格方面，我国比发达国家低许多，约为发达国家的1/3~1/5，工业发达国家将模具向我国转移的趋势进一步明朗化。 我国塑料模的发展迅速。塑料模的设计、制造技术、CAD技术、CAPP技术，已有相当规模的确开发和应用。在设计技术和制造技术上与发达国家和地区差距较大，在模具材料方面，专用塑料模具钢品种少、规格不全质量尚不稳定。模具标准化程度不高，系列化商品化尚待规模化;CAD、CAE、Flow Cool软件等应用比例不高;独立的模具工厂少;专业与柔性化相结合尚无规划;企业大而全居多，多属劳动密集型企业。因此努力提高模具设计与制造水平，提高国际竞争能力，是刻不容缓的。 近年来，随着科学技术的进步以及对塑件质量要求的提高，塑料模塑成型技术正向高精度、高效率、自动化、大型、微型、精密、高寿命的方向发展，具体表现在以下几个方面: 1、塑料成型理论研究的进展。 2、新的成型方法不断涌现。 3、塑件更趋向精密化、微型化及超大型化。 4、开发出新型模具材料。 5、模具表面强化热处理新技术应用。 6、模具CAD/CAM/CAE技术发展迅速。 7、模具大量采用标准化。 在工业发达的国家，模具工业已经从机床工业中分离出来，并发展成为一个独立的工业部门，而且其产值已经超过机床工业的产值。目前国内模具行业的基本情况是，随着轻工业及汽车制造业的迅速发展，模具设计制造日渐受到人们广泛关注，已形成一个行业。但是我国模具行业缺乏技术人员，hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro-alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay measuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: X--content of reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; A--Rhine-Ed sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the product to be tested. F--concentration of fehling solution; V--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A-B) x0.9 (14): x--of sucrose content,%; A--transformed the reducing sugar content,%; Before B--into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxymethyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heating mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask, 存在品种少、精度低、制造周期长、寿命短、供不应求的状况。一些大型、精密、复杂的模具还不能自行制造，需要每年花几百万.上千万美元从国外进口，制约了工业的发展，所以在我国大力发展模具行业势在必行。 二、本课题的研究内容、要求、目的及意义 本次对讲机外壳注塑模具设计采用Pro/e辅助设计，运用CAD技术能有效地对整个设计制造过程预测评估通过计算机数据模拟和仿真技术来完善模具结构，再现能力强，整体水平容易控制，能够迅速获得样品，有利于争取定单，赢得客户;同时节省大量的模具试制材料费用，减少模具返修率，缩短生产周期，大大降低了模具成本。 1、本课题的研究内容及基本要求 (1)独立拟定斜齿轮塑件的成型工艺，正确选用成型设备。 (2)合理地选择模具结构。根据塑件图及技术要求，提出模具结构，并使其结构合理，质量可靠，操作方便。必要时可根据模具设计和加工的要求，提出修改塑件图纸的要求。 (3)正确的确定模具成型零件的形状和尺寸。 (4)所设计的模具应当制造方便、造价便宜。 (5)充分考虑塑件设计特色，尽量减少后加工。 (6)设计的模具应当效率高，安全可靠，如要求浇注系统充型快，冷却系统效果好，脱模机构灵活可靠，自动化程度高。 (7)要求模具零件耐磨、耐用、使用寿命长。 2、本课题的研究目的及意义 (1)熟悉拟定塑料成型工艺和模具设计原则、步骤和方法。 (2)学会查阅有关技术文献、手册和资料。 (3)培养分析问题和解决问题的能力。 transformed the reducing sugar content,%; --of sucrose content,%; A--B) x0.9 (14): x-sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--concentration of fehling solution; V--oduct to be tested. FEd sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the pr-Rhine--f reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; Acontent o--.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: Xmeasuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2 alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay-hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro4ting mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask,.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heathyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxyme--Before B 1 塑件材料分析 该塑件选用塑料为ABS。ABS中文名:丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物英文名:Acrylinitrile-Butadiene-Styrene。 1.1 基本特性 ABS是由丙烯腈、丁二烯、苯乙烯共聚而成的。这三种组分的各自特性，使ABS具有良好的综合力学性能。丙烯腈使ABS有良好的耐腐蚀性及表面硬度，丁二烯使ABS坚韧，苯乙烯使它有良好的加工性和染色性能。 3ABS无毒、无味，呈微黄色，成型的塑件有较好的光泽，密度在1.02~1.05g/cm,其收缩率为0.3~0.8%。ABS 吸湿性很强，成型前需要充分干燥，要求含水量小于0.3%。流动性一般，溢料间隙约在0.04mm。ABS有极好的抗冲击强度，且在低温下也不迅速下降。有良好的机械强度和一定的耐磨性、耐寒性、耐油性、耐水性、化学稳定性和电气性能。水、无机盐、碱、酸类对ABS几乎无影响，在酮、醛、酯、氯代烃中会溶解或形成乳浊液，不溶于部分醇类及烃类溶剂，但于烃长期接触会软化溶胀，ABS塑料表面受冰醋酸、植物油等化学药品的侵蚀会硬气放映开裂。ABS有一定的硬度和尺寸稳定性，易于成型加工。经过调色可陪成任何颜色。其缺点是耐热性不高，连续工作温度为70?左右，热变形温度约为93?左右。耐气候性差，在紫外线作用下易变硬发脆。 1.2 成型特点 ABS在升温时粘度增高，所以成型压力较高，塑料上的脱模斜度宜稍大;易产生熔接痕，模具设计时应注意尽量减小浇注系统对料流的阴力;在正常的成型条件下，壁厚、熔料温度及收缩率影响极 o o小。要求塑件精度高时，模具温度可控制在50~60C，要求塑件光泽和耐热时，应控制在60~80C。 1.3 主要技术指标 33比重:1.02~1.16g/cm。 比容:0.86~0.98cm/g o吸水性:0.2~0.4% (24h)。熔点:130~160C。 5o热变形温度:4.6×10Pa---- 130~160C。 5o 18.5×10Pa---- 90~108C。 5 抗拉屈服强度(10Pa): 500 4 拉伸强度模量:1.8×10 Mpa 5 弯曲强度:800×10Pa 1.4 ABS的注射工艺参数 注射机类型: 螺杆式 螺杆转速: 30~60 r/min hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro-alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay measuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: X--content of reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; A--Rhine-Ed sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the product to be tested. F--concentration of fehling solution; V--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A-B) x0.9 (14): x--of sucrose content,%; A--transformed the reducing sugar content,%; Before B--into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxymethyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heating mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask, 喷嘴形式: 直通式 o 喷嘴温度: 190~200C ooo 料筒温度: 前 200~210C 中 210~230C 后 180~200C o 模温: 50~80C 注射压力: 70~120Mpa 保压力: 50~70Mpa 注射时间(s): 3~5 保压时间(s): 15~30 冷却时间(s): 15~30 成型周期(s): 40~70 塑件图1-1 -sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--concentration of fehling solution; V--oduct to be tested. FEd sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the pr-Rhine--f reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; Acontent o--.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: Xmeasuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2 alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay-hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro6ting mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask,.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heathyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxyme--Before Btransformed the reducing sugar content,%; --of sucrose content,%; A--B) x0.9 (14): x 塑件立体图1-2 塑件的工作条件对精度要求较低，根据ABS的性能可选择其塑件的精度等级为5级精度。 2经计算得塑件的曲面面积为:S321.13cm 塑= 3得塑件的体积为:V=34.59cm 塑 塑件的质量为:W =V×r=35.62(g)。 塑塑塑 hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro-alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay measuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: X--content of reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; A--Rhine-Ed sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the product to be tested. F--concentration of fehling solution; V--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A-B) x0.9 (14): x--of sucrose content,%; A--transformed the reducing sugar content,%; Before B--into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxymethyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heating mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask, 2 型腔数目的决定及排布 型腔数目的确定主要参考以下几点来确定: 1、塑件制品的批量和交货期，以及塑料制件的成本。该制品是大批量生产，若采用多型腔可提高生产效率，但根据生产经验在模具每增加一个型腔，制品尺寸精度要降低4%。 2、所选用注射机的技术规则，因为上面只进行了结构及工艺成型的分析，还没确定注射机，也可暂时不予考虑。 3、质量控制要求。制品属于精度不高，对质量要求比较高且制品较小，因此可设成一模四腔，以保证质量要求。 4、成型的塑件品种与塑件的形状尺寸。该制品有内螺纹。为了提高生产效率采用自动脱螺纹的齿轮传动机构，因而模具结构较复杂。根据品种和形状尺寸特点及要求，设置成一模四腔注射成型。 本次设计根据制件的结构特点、形状尺寸、产品批量、模具制造难易及其寿命、成本高低再加上设计和加工制造的复杂性，综合考虑 ，一般来说，精度要求高的小型塑件和中大型塑件优先采用一模一腔的结构，对于精度要求不高的小型塑件(没有配合精度要求)，形状简单，又是大批量生产时，若采用多型腔模具可提供独特的优越条件，使生产效率大为提高。 多型腔模具设计的重要问题之一就是浇注系统的布置方式，由于型腔的排布与浇注系统布置密切相关，因二型腔的排布在多型腔模具设计中应加以综合考虑。应使每个型腔都通过浇注系统从总压力中均等地分得所需的足够的压力，以保证塑料熔体同时均匀地充满每个型腔，使各型腔的塑件内在质量均一稳定。 多型腔在模板上排列形式通常有平衡式和非平衡式两种。平衡式其特点是从主流道到各型腔浇口的分流道的长度，截面形状及均对应相同，可实现均衡进料和同时充满型腔的目的。而非平衡式的特点是从主流道到各型腔浇口的分流道的长度不相等，因而不利于均衡进料，但可以缩短流道的总长度，为达到同时充满型腔的目的，各浇口的截面尺寸要制作得不相同。因此在设计时要注意以下几点: 1) 尽可能采用平衡式排列，确保制品质量的均一和稳定。 2) 型腔布置与浇口开设部位应力求对称，以便防止模具承受偏载而产生溢料现象。 3)尽量使排列的紧凑，以便减少模具的外形尺寸 通过软件分析得到体积V和质量W ，又因为此产品属大批量生产的塑件，属于仪表外壳，精度塑塑 要求比较高、且单件加工生产综合考虑生产率和生产成本等各种因素，以及注射机的型号选择，确定采用一模一腔排布。由塑件的外形尺寸和机械加工的因素，确定采用大水口单型腔生产。 of sucrose content,%; A--B) x0.9 (14): x-sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--concentration of fehling solution; V--oduct to be tested. FEd sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the pr-Rhine--f reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; Acontent o--.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: Xmeasuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2 alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay-hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro8ting mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask,.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heathyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxyme--Before Btransformed the reducing sugar content,%; -- 2-1 型腔数目布局图2-2 hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro-alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay measuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: X--content of reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; A--Rhine-Ed sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the product to be tested. F--concentration of fehling solution; V--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A-B) x0.9 (14): x--of sucrose content,%; A--transformed the reducing sugar content,%; Before B--into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxymethyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heating mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask, 3 分型面的选择 分型面是指分开模具取出塑件和浇注系统凝料的可分离的接触表面。分型面的形式与塑件的几何形状、脱模方法、模具类型及排气条件浇口形式有关。制品成型的分型面不仅影响到制品的脱模困难程度及美观程度，还影响成型零件的加工工艺性，另外合适的分型面位置还有利于模具加工、排气、脱模、提高塑件的表面质量及方便工艺操作等。 3.1 分型面的设计原则 1、分型面的位置应开设在塑件截面尺寸最大的部位，便于脱模和加工型腔。 2、分型面应使模具分割成便于加工的部件，以减少机械加工的困难。以使得模具零件易于加工。 3、分型面的选择应有利于保证塑件尺寸精度要求。 4、分型面应尽可能选择在不影响塑件外观的部位，而且在分型面处所产生的飞边应容易修整加工，从而有利于保证塑件的外观质量。 5、应满足塑件的使用要求，即从使用的角度避免脱模斜度、推杆及浇口痕迹等工艺缺陷影响塑件功能。 6、为便于塑件脱模，应尽可能使塑件在开模时留在下模或动模部分，易于设置和制造简便易行的脱模机构。若塑件有侧孔时，应尽可能地将侧型芯设在动模部分，避免定模抽芯 7、考虑锁模力，分型面的选择应尽可能减少塑件在分型面上的投影面积。 8、考虑侧向抽拔距，一般机械分型面抽芯机构的侧向抽拔距都较小，因此选择的分型面应使抽拔距离尽量短。 9、尽量方便浇注系统的布置。 10、为了有利于气体的排出，分型面应尽可能与料流的末端重合。 11、考虑注塑机的技术规格，是模板间距大小合适。 12、选择分型面时根据塑件的使用要求和所用塑料，要考虑飞边在塑件上的部位。 13、选择分型面时，应考虑减小由于脱模斜度造成塑件的大小端尺寸差异。 总而言之，分型面形状应尽可能的简单，以便于模具的制造和塑件的脱模。综合考虑以上的设计原则，结合该塑件的特性，其分型面的选择如图:(如下图) 分型面示图 3-1 B) x0.9 (14): x-sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--concentration of fehling solution; V--oduct to be tested. FEd sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the pr-Rhine--f reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; Acontent o--.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: Xmeasuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2 alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay-hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro10ting mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask,.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heathyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxyme--Before Btransformed the reducing sugar content,%; --of sucrose content,%; A-- 4 浇注系统的设计 浇注系统是指模具中从注射机喷嘴起到型腔入口为止的塑料熔体的流动通道，它包括主流道、分流道、浇口及冷料穴。设计时应该遵循以下原则: 1、排气良好。 2、流程要短。 3、避免料流直冲型芯或嵌件。 4、要求热量及压力损失最小。 5、修整方便，保证塑件外观质量。 6、防止塑件变形，浇注系统设计要结合型腔布局同时考虑。 7、了解塑料的成型特性。 8、塑料耗量要少，应利于消除冷料。 9、型腔布置和浇口开设部位力求对称，防止模具承受偏载而产生溢料现象。 10、尽可能选用平衡式分流道。 4.1 主浇道设计 主流道通常位于模具的中心，是塑料熔体的入口，为了便于熔融塑料在注射时能顺利的流入，开模时又能使冷却后的主流道凝料从主浇道中顺利地拔出，主浇道的形状设计成圆锥形，内壁必须光滑，表面光洁度一般应有?8。 主流道一般是由浇口套构成，浇口套的作用: 1、与注射机喷嘴孔吻合，将料筒内的塑料过渡到模具内。 2、使模具在注射机上很好的定位。 3、作为浇注系统的主浇道。 主浇道的一端通常设计成带凸台的圆盘，其高度为5,10 mm，并与注射机的固定模板的定位孔成间隙配合。浇口套的球形凹坑深度常取3,5 mm。 1)根据所选注射机，则主流道小端尺寸为 d=注射机喷嘴尺寸+(0.5,1)=3.0+0.5=3.5mm 主流道球面半径为 SR=喷嘴尺寸半径+(1,2)=12+1=13mm 2)主流道衬套形式 本设计虽然是小型模具，但为了仅于加工和缩短主流道长度衬套和定位圈还是设计成分体式，主流道长度取45mm约等于定模板的厚度见(下图)所示，材料采用T10制造热处理强度为52?56HRC hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro-alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay measuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: X--content of reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; A--Rhine-Ed sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the product to be tested. F--concentration of fehling solution; V--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A-B) x0.9 (14): x--of sucrose content,%; A--transformed the reducing sugar content,%; Before B--into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxymethyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heating mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask, 主流道衬套图 4-1 00?主流道圆锥角α可取3?6，内壁粗糙度为Ra=0.63um ?主流道大端呈圆角，半径r=1,3MM。以减小料流转向过渡时的阻力。 ?在模具结构允许的情况下，主流道应尽量可能短，一般小于60MM。过长则会影响熔体的顺利充型。 ?主流道衬套与定模座板采用H7/m6配合，与定位圈的配合采用H9/f9间隙配合。 3)定位圈如下图所示，材料选用45钢 定位圈示意图 4-2 reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--concentration of fehling solution; V--oduct to be tested. FEd sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the pr-Rhine--f reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; Acontent o--.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: Xmeasuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2 alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay-hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro12ting mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask,.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heathyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxyme--Before Btransformed the reducing sugar content,%; --of sucrose content,%; A--B) x0.9 (14): x-sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A-- 4.2分流道设计 主流道与浇口之间的通道称为分流道。采用直接浇道的模具可以省去分浇道，但在多型腔模具中分流道是必不可少的。常见的分流道的截面形式有圆形、半圆形、梯形、U形、正方形和正六角形。从分流道设计的要点出发，即应尽可能的使流动阻力减小，各型腔能够均衡进料。 4.2.1 设计原则 (1)尽可能减小熔体的流动阻力。所以，在保证足够的注塑压力使塑料熔体顺利充满型腔的前提下，分流道的截面积与长度尽量取小值。 (2)分流道转折处应以圆弧过渡。 (3)表面粗糙度要求以,a,.,为佳。 (4)分流道较长，所以将分流道的端部沿料流前进方向延长，作为分流道冷料井，以储存前锋冷料，其长度为分流道直径的,.,,,倍。 1) 根据型腔的布置，可知分流道采用平衡式布置，采用半圆形均布，既可满足良好的压力传递和保持理想的填充状态，使塑件熔体尽快地经分流道均衡的分配到各个型腔又便于制造加工，以保证精度。 2) 分流道的形状裁面尺寸以及凝料体积 形状及裁面尺寸为了便于机械加工及凝料脱模，本设计的分流道设置在分型面定模一侧，截面形状采用半圆形截面，一般采用下面的经验公式来确定裁面尺寸。 1/21/4即 B=0.2654*m*L 1/21/4=0.2654* 48 * 45 =6mm 式中制件 m—制件质量; L—分流道长度。 分流道L1裁面形状如下图所示 分流道的形状裁面尺寸图 4-3 hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro-alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay measuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: X--content of reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; A--Rhine-Ed sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the product to be tested. F--concentration of fehling solution; V--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A-B) x0.9 (14): x--of sucrose content,%; A--transformed the reducing sugar content,%; Before B--into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxymethyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heating mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask, 4)、分流道的表面粗糙度 分流道的表面粗糙度Ra并不要很高，一般取0.8um?1.6um，在此取1.6um。 4.3冷料穴的设计 冷料穴一般位于主流道对面的动模板上，其作用就是存放料流前峰的“冷料”防止“冷料”进入型腔而形成冷接缝，冷料穴的直径尺寸宜稍大于主流道大端的直径，该模具取10mm;深度约为主流道大端直径的3/4，约为6mm如(下图)所示，鉴于制件采用推板、推杆共同推出，并采用Z形拉料杆。 冷料穴 4-4 4.4浇口的设计 浇口是连接分流道与型腔之间的一条通道，它是浇注系统的关键部分，浇口的形状、位置和尺寸对塑件的质量影响很大。 4.4.1 位置选择原则 ?浇口应该能使型胶各个角度问时充满的位置。 ?浇口应没在制品壁厚较厚的部位，以利用可补缩。 ?浇口位置选择应有利于型腔中气体的排除。浇口位置应选择能避免制品产生熔合纹的部位。 ?对于带组长型芯的模具，宜采用中心吹部进料方式，以避免急型芯受冲击变形。 ?浇口应没在不影响制品外观的部位。 根据以是原则，以及制件的工艺分析采用如上图的半圆形测浇口。 其中h=nt=0.7×1.5=1.05?1 L—浇口长度(为了去除方便取L=1.5MM) 考虑浇口推荐值取h=1mm 式中n—塑件系数(pom n=0.7) f—塑件型厚(mm)(平均略为1.5) Before Btransformed the reducing sugar content,%; --of sucrose content,%; A--B) x0.9 (14): x-sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--concentration of fehling solution; V--oduct to be tested. FEd sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the pr-Rhine--f reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; Acontent o--.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: Xmeasuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2 alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay-hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro14ting mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask,.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heathyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxyme-- 4.4.2 浇口剪切速率的校核 由点浇口剪切的经验公式得 3-15-1r=kq/πR=4×4.533=1.824s<10s 剪切速率校核合格 3初步估算浇注系统的体积，V=3~4cm。 浇 其质量约为:W=V×r=3.03~4.12g。 浇浇塑 S=(n×W+ W) /0.8=45~50g。 塑浇 所以，选择用注射机型号为:XS-Z-60。 5 注射机的型号和规格的确定 注射机的技术规格: 型 号 : SZ-160 3额定注射量(cm): 160g 螺杆直径 (mm): 35 注射压力 (MPa): 127 注射行程(mm): 305 : 2.9 注射时间(s) please contact Q 3053703061 give you more perfect drawings 14 设计小结 通过本课题的设计，使我对模具设计工作有了更深层次的认识，即:模具不是只为设计而设计，要统筹规划，全盘考虑。这次设计使我能够理论联系实际，多方面、多角度地去感知、体会书本上比hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro-alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay measuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: X--content of reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; A--Rhine-Ed sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the product to be tested. F--concentration of fehling solution; V--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A-B) x0.9 (14): x--of sucrose content,%; A--transformed the reducing sugar content,%; Before B--into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxymethyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heating mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask, 较抽象的理论知识。在指导老师及关心与帮助下，我的做事效率得到了一定的提高，独立思考并解决问题的能力得到了加强，培养了实际动手能力。 收获大概可概括为以下几点: 1. 培养了分析问题和解决问题的能力 从设计的开始，就有意识地培养自己独立思考问题、发现问题并解决问题的能力。大到模具的整体布局，小到排气槽的设置、冷料穴的长短，都要经过认真思考，才能拿出相对比较成熟的方案。 2. 锻炼了实际动手能力 在整个的设计过程中，翻阅了大量的文献资料，参考了大量的书籍，除了获得设计所需的数据外，还学到了其他许多的知识。更重要的是锻炼了自己的动手能力和借助工具书解决实际问题的能力。授人以鱼，不如授人以渔，我相信这些能力在我今后的工作和生活能定能让我受益匪浅。 3. 绘图水平得到了提高 通过做设计这一期间的实际操作及练习，学到了很多具体的绘图细节。譬如:虚线、点画线的画法及线条的粗细;剖线、剖面线的画法及线条粗细;标题栏的画法及明细表的编排、技术要求等。此外，绘图的速度也得到了进一步的提高，各种快捷键的操作也越来越熟练。 致谢 --reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--concentration of fehling solution; V--oduct to be tested. FEd sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the pr-Rhine--f reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; Acontent o--.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: Xmeasuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2 alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay-hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro16ting mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask,.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heathyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxyme--Before Btransformed the reducing sugar content,%; --of sucrose content,%; A--B) x0.9 (14): x-sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A 参考文献 1 黄虹主编 塑性成型加工与模具。 北京:化学工业出版社 2002 65---267 2 陈锡栋等主编 实用模具技术手册。北京:机械工业出版社 2001 292--450 3 张有树等主主编 图学基础教程 北京:高等教育出版社 2001 95---296 北京:中国计量出版社 2001 1---101 4 廖念钊等主编 互换性与技术测量 5 章飞主编 型腔模具设计与制造 北京:化学工业出版社,2003 60---195 6 陈万林等主编 实用塑料注射模设计与制造 北京:机械工业出版社 2000，123---398 7 王爱珍主编 工程材料及成形技术 北京:机械工业出版社 2003 44---78 8 纪名刚主编 机械设计 北京:高等教育出版社，2001 22---60 9 陈文琳等主编 塑性成型工艺与模具设计 北京:机械工业出版社 2001，65---186 10 申开智 叶淑静主编 塑料成型模具 北京:轻工业出版社 1982 100---365 11 王兴天主编 注塑成型技术 北京:机械工业出版社 1992 29---107 12 奚永生主编 精密注塑模具设计 北京:中国轻工业出版社 1997 ，63---265 13陈嘉真主编 塑料成型工艺及模具设计 北京:机械工业出版社 1995，53---136 14 黄锐主编 塑料成型工艺学 北京:轻工业出版社 1997 100---156。 15李德群主编 塑料成型工艺及模具设计 北京:机械工业出版社 1994，68---157 hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro-alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay measuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: X--content of reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; A--Rhine-Ed sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the product to be tested. F--concentration of fehling solution; V--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A-B) x0.9 (14): x--of sucrose content,%; A--transformed the reducing sugar content,%; Before B--into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxymethyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heating mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask, --B) x0.9 (14): x-sample mass, g. parallel test results allow errors to 0.5%. Sucrose content by type (14): X= (A--reducing sugar consumption be measured by the time drops by volume, mL; M--concentration of fehling solution; V--oduct to be tested. FEd sugar scale (see table 5) found that reducing sugar consumption coefficient of liquid invert sugar corresponding to the pr-Rhine--f reducing sugars in the sample (in terms of invert sugar),%; Acontent o--.3 results of calculations and reducing sugar content after conversion (13): X= (ax4000) ? (Vxm) (13) in the formula: Xmeasuring liquid. 2.2.2 titration: glucose, the same operation. 2.2.3 titration: according to 3.8.3.2.3 the same operation. 2 alkaline, then with distilled water diluted to scale, mixed uniform. this liquid as into Hou restore sugar of stay-hydrogen oxidation sodium solution (about 5%) in the and to just is micro18ting mixing the solution, cooled and moved into the 100mL volumetric flask,.1.1 barbituric acid solution: weigh 500mg barbituric acid in a beaker of plus 70mL distilled water placed on the hot tub heathyl furfural by 1 1.1 reagents and materials, except as otherwise provided, the reagents are pure, to distilled water. 1into the reducing sugar content,%. Note: in case of dispute, the arbitration law of potassium ferricyanide law. Ash hydroxyme--Before Btransformed the reducing sugar content,%; --of sucrose content,%; A