英语六级复习资料

六级复习资料 2012年大学英语六级模拟练习 Part ? Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions:In this part， you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For question 17，choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C)，and D).For questions 8—10，complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Art for Establishing Human Networking I knew-no computer or technology ever got any of US a raise， landed US that dream job， found us that mentor (良师)， who cared deeply about US and our careers or put that special joy in our lives that can only come from relationships with others( All these great things are made possible by a completely different type of networking:human networking(And not the kind that has given “networking” a bad name—that superficial， insincere，manipulative stuff that we all can smell a mile away. No， I?m talking about the true art of networking，based upon respectful and caring relationships that promote mutual success( Relationships Let me start with one of the most fundamental aspects of human relationships(For each and every thing you want to achieve in life whether it?s landing a job，earning a raise or promotion or finding that lifelong romancethere will be at least one person on the other end deciding whether to give you or help you get what you want(Everything we do can only be accomplished through and with other people(Simply put，success，of any kind，requires relationships(Just think of the words of Margaret Wheatley:“Relationships are all there is(Everything in the universe only exists because it is in relationship to everything else(Nothing exists in isolation(We have to stop pretending we are individuals that can go it alone(” If this is the way the universe works，you can see why human relationships and human networks are so important( The most common mistake people make when building relationships for their career success is treating business contacts differently than personal friends(Just think for a moment about the people you work with on a professional level who are also close，personal friends(Aren?t they always more forgiving when you slip up and more helpful when you?re in need? Of course! I guarantee your work will become easier and more joyful if you make more of your business relationships personal( How to do it? The same way you make genuine friends(Build trust through intimacy;show them that besides being professional you?re also human(Skip the small talk and go deep into what really mattersyour dreams or fears，your children or the business issues that keep you up at night(And don?t think for a moment that they?ll think less of you(In fact，usually the opposite happens( When I tell people about my humble beginnings —I grew up a country boy in rural， southwestern Pennsylvania，the son of an often—unemployed steelworker and a cleaning lady—and how it took me so long to overcome insecurities of being poor and being picked on by kids from more well-to-do families，people don?t think less of me(They immediately empathize (感同身受) and feel more endeared to me than ever before(All you have to do is let your guard down and show enough vulnerability to make others comfortable with opening up to you( Also， don?t stop with treating business friends like you treat personal friends. Mix them， too. Invite business contacts to your home and introduce them to your family. Invite a client out to dinner along with an old pal from school and your significant other or a date. Don?t compartmentalize(划分)your personal， professional and community lives. Blur the boundaries! You?ll have more fun and do more for all three parts of your life in less time( Planning The more specific you are about what you want to do，the easier it becomes to develop a strategy to accomplish it(Part of that strategy(of course，will be establishing relationships with the people in your universe who can help you get where you?re going(So(first(do some deep introspection(自省)to find your Blue Flame， the thing in life that really lights your fire(Write， pray，whatever you need to do to clear your head and figure this stuff out(I enjoy great results from Vipassana meditation( Once you?ve found your Blue Flame， it?s time to have a RAP， or a Relationship Action Plan. Here?s a simple way to get started. Write down your goals and the names and types of people who can help you achieve them(Then， note how you can reach those people and how you can contribute to their success， also(The more specific a plan you have and the more you put your goals out to others，the more everyone will conspire to help you achieve your dreams(On the other hand， if you don?t know what you want or you don?t tell anyone，no one can help you(They can?t read your mind( I can?t tell you how many times a friend has called me and said，“Keith，I just became unemployed(I need to start networking;will you teach me how„?”My answer:“No(No(No(You need to start job-hunting! You should have been building relationships for the past 5 or 10 years， so now that you need a job，you could make 20 calls and have 5 job offers waiting for you in a week(” Presentation When I give talks to college and graduate students，they always ask me，“What are the secrets to success? What are the unspoken rules for making it big?”Preferably，they?d like my response wrapped up in a tight package and tied with a neat little bow(Why not? I wanted the same thing at their age( “So you want the inside scoop，”I respond(“Fair enough(I?ll sum up the key to Success in one word:Generosity(” The kids are shocked because they think I?m going to give them“networking”advice(And when they think of“networking(”they think of a guy holding a martini with one hand and scattering business cards with the other(He?s hell-bent on doing anything it takes to“get to the top”， including climbing on the backs of others( The era of that Networking Jerk is over(I learned that the hard way(Once，a mentor of mine said to me，“Stop driving yourself and everyone elsecrazy thinking about how to make yourself successful(Start thinking about how you?re going to make everyone around you successful(” Please， learn from my mistakes and the mistakes of many others(Don?t be a networking jerk(Remember that the NO.1 key to success is generosity(Give your talents， give your contacts and give your hard work to make others successful without ever keeping score( While I would say that your relationships are the most critical piece of your personal brand， before you Call develop those relationships you?ve got to know something and have something to say(Just having a brain and an MBA won?t get you anywhere anymore(If you want to become more valuable in the marketplace or more intriguing to the world at large，you must develop some deep expertise in your mind and root some higher—order passion in your heart( Think of the world?s real movers and shakers;they are such because they are about something(Richard Bransonexecuting the remarkable. The late Princess Diana一一helping the unfortunate(They are and were interesting(You can be，too( Strength in Numbers This rule is obviously one no one can follow 100 percent(It?s just a great way to remember to share your passions一一to invite others into the activities you are already enjoy doing(I really love sharing delicious food，good wine and great company(I also bring friends to workouts or to church(You might have similar passions，or you might enjoy doing community service，gardening or watching movies( If you?ll just remember to share your passions，building and deepening relationships will take no extra time than you already devote to your favorite activities，and people will see you in your best light( Just as people lose weight more effectively if they have a workout partner，your ongoing efforts to build relationships will be more successful if you team up(You and your buddy can provide each other support，guidance and motivation. And you?ll always be prepared to try one of my favorite tactics-trading networks. Throw a dinner party together，and you?ll each be responsible for only half the guest list，half the cost and half the effort(But you?ll expand your circle of friends to twice the size，and I guarantee it will be twice the fun! 1(The true art of networking is based on __________ relationship that promote mutual success. A) superficial B) insincere C) respectful and caring D) helpful 2(According to Margaret Wheatley，which of the following statements is true? A) Everything exists in isolation( B) Everything we do can only be accomplished through and with other people( C) Everything we do can be achieved by our individuals( D) Everything can be accomplished without others? help if you work hard enough 3(How should we treat business contacts? A) We should make our business relationships more personal( B) We should pretend to be their friends( C) We should never treat them as trustworthy friends( D) We should treat them differently from our personal friends( 4(If you do not mind telling your business friends about your humble experiences， ____________. A) they?11 look down upon you B) they?ll not do business with you C) they?ll think less of you for a moment D) they?ll feel more endeared to you than ever before 5(When you plan to build up your network，the first thing is to find out _______ in your life A) what the easiest thing is B) what the most important thing is C) who you care most D) how to begin it 6(What is the key to Success according to the author? A)Kindness( B)Diligence( C)Generosity( D)Consideration( 7(According to a mentor of the author，we should _________ when the era of that Networking Jerk is over? A) start thinking about how we?re going to make everyone around us successful B) start thinking about how to make our family members successful C) drive ourselves crazy thinking about how to make ourselves successful D) drive everyone else crazy thinking about how to make himself successful 8(If you want to improve interpersonal relationship，you should improve your personal brand with deep expertise and __________. 9(Inviting others to_____________ is a way to improve relationships because in these activities people will see you at your best( 10(If you want to pay half of the effort and get double of the success， you should _____________. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section， there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Every Western doctor is required to take the Hippocratic oath，by which they swear to never harm their patients(Unfortunately，as medical history shows，many doctors did not make good on this promise(Instead，they resorted to quackery(庸医的医术)，and made a living out of fooling people who sought medical help( In the past，quack doctors claimed to have“fixed”problems from poor eyesight to cancer and smallpox (天花)(They claimed to be able to work medical miracles，relying on public ignorance of medicine for their “success”(In addition，well-meaning doctors often advocated treatments that harmed their patients instead of helping them:procedures such as bloodletting often made worse the suffering they were intended to ease( The typical feature of quackery is ignorance(Unwary people are easily taken in by claims of the doctors they trust(For example，in the 1800s，psychologists commonly used basket-shaped devices to determine personality，with questionable benefit(Based on the idea that different parts of the brain control different character traits， the devices determined personality by measuring the size and shape of people?s heads! Of all the ridiculous devices created by quacks，the most inventive was perhaps the“radionic”machine(Inthe early 1900s，quacks claimed radionics could diagnose any sickness， even though the devices were just wooden boxes with lights inside(After radionic diagnosis， patients were sent home with the assurance that they would get well(No medicine was prescribed because，quacks claimed，the radionic machine would broadcast the cure to patients，much like radio stations broadcast music! The quackery of the 19th and early 20th centuries was not limited to the use of strange devices，nor to crooked doctors(Nor were quack procedures anything new( The practice of bloodletting had been a popular treatment for over a millennium. In the name of medicine， large volumes of blood were drained from people?s bodies to cure their sicknesses(Death，more often than not， was the outcome， though usually the disease was blamed rather than the loss of blood( It?s easy to look back on the past and brand questionable medical procedures as quackery(However， hindsight(事后诸葛亮)is 20,20(Perhaps in the future，people will look back on some of today?s medical practices with similar suspicion( 47. In the past， many doctors managed to fool patients by taking advantage of ___________ 48. Using a basket-shaped device， psychologists in the 1800s would measure the size and shape of one?s head to ______. 49. Why didn?t the quacks prescribe any medicine for their patients after radionic diagnosis? 50. As a popular medical treatment in the past， bloodletting usually caused death instead of __________. 51. What is the possible conclusion of the article? Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A]， [B]， [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. You?re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade， prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top $2，000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans can?t afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border， where price controls reign， those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less. The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call， “If our neighbors can buy drugs at reasonable prices， why can?t we? Even to whisper that thought provokes anger. “Un-American!” And-the propagandists? trump card (王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.” Super size drug prices， they claim， fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today， no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up. Common sense tells you that?s a false alternative. The reward for finding， say， a cancer cure is so huge that no one?s going to hang it up. Nevertheless， if Canada-level pricing came to the United States， the industry?s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should our health-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best， even though rising numbers of patients can?t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today?s level of care? Measured by saved lives， the latter is almost certainly the better course. To defend their profits， the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies (药房) not to sell to Americans by mail， and are cutting back supplies to those who dare. Meanwhile， the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake， mishandled， or even a potential threat to life. Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look， the more we?ll find， But I haven?t heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buying crossborder. Most users of prescription drugs don?t worry about costs a lot. They?re sheltered by employee insurance， owing just a $20 co-pay. The financial blows rain， instead， on the uninsured， especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live， This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare， who?ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006. 52. What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.? A) A quarter of Americans can?t afford their prescription drugs. B) Many Americans can?t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill. C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment. D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years. 53. It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaring drug prices by ________. A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs online B) extending medical insurance to all its citizens C) importing low-price prescription drugs from Canada D) exercising price control on brand-name drugs 54. How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy? A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America. B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs. C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers. D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases. 55. What should be the priority of America?s health-care system according to the author? A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system. B) To maintain America?s lead in the drug industry. C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits. D) To quicken the pace of new drug development. 56. What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits? A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes. B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research. C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies. D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. When imaginative men turn their eyes towards space and wonder whether life exist in any part of it， they may cheer themselves by remembering that life need not resemble closely the life that exists on Earth. Mars looks like the only planet where life like ours could exist， and even this is doubtful. But there may be other kinds of life based on other kinds of chemistry， and they may multiply on Venus or Jupiter. At least we cannot prove at present that they do not. Even more interesting is the possibility that life on their planets may be in a more advanced stage of evolution. Present-day man is in a peculiar and probably temporary stage. His individual units retain a strong sense of personality. They are， in fact， still capable under favorable circumstances of leading individual lives. But man„s societies are already sufficiently developed to have enormously more power and effectiveness than the individuals have. It is not likely that this transitional situation will continue very long on the evolutionary time scale. Fifty thousand years from now man„s societies may have become so close-knit that the individuals retain no sense of separate personality. Then little distinction will remain between the organic parts of the multiple organism and the inorganic parts (machines) that have been constructed by it. A million years further on man and his machines may have merged as closely as the muscles of the human body and the nerve cells that set them in motion. The explorers of space should be prepared for some such situation. If they arrive on a foreign planet that has reached an advanced stage (and this is by no means impossible)， they may find it being inhabited by a single large organism composed of many closely cooperating units. The units may be “secondary” — machines created millions of years ago by a previous form of life and given the will and ability to survive and reproduce. They may be built entirely of metals and other durable materials. If this is the case， they may be much more tolerant of their environment， multiplying under conditions that would destroy immediately any organism made of carbon compounds and dependent on the familiar carbon cycle. Such creatures might be relics(遗物) of a past age， many millions of years ago， when their planet was favorable to the origin of life， or they might be immigrants from a favored planet. 57. What does the word “cheer” (Line 2， Para. 1) imply? A) Imaginative men are sure of success in finding life on other planets. B) Imaginative men are delighted to find life on other planets. C) Imaginative men are happy to find a different kind of life existing on other planets. D) Imaginative men can be pleased with the idea that there might exist different forms of life on other planets. 58. Humans on Earth today are characterized by . A) their existence as free and separate beings B) their capability of living under favorable conditions C) their great power and effectiveness D) their strong desire for living in a close-knit society 59. According to this passage， some people believe that eventually . A) human societies will be much more cooperative B) man will live in a highly organized world C) machines will replace man D) living beings will disappear from Earth 60. Even most imaginative people have to admit that . A) human societies are as advanced as those on some other planets B) planets other than Earth are not suitable for life like ours to stay C) it is difficult to distinguish between organic parts and inorganic parts of the human body D) organism are more creative than machines 61. It seems that the writer . A) is interested in the imaginary life forms B) is eager to find a different form of life C) is certain of the existence of a new life form D) is critical of the imaginative people Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals， 62 this is largely because， 63 animals ，we stand upright. This means that our noses are 64 to perceiving those smells which float through the air， 65 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 66 ，we are extremely sensitive to smells， 67 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 68 human smells even when these are 69 to far below one part in one million. Strangely， some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another， 70 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 71 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 72 to the brain. However， it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 73 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 74 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 75 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 76 new receptors if necessary. This may 77 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 78 of the usual smell of our own house but we 79 new smells when we visit someone else„s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 80 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 81 the smell of smoke， which might indicate the danger of fire. 62. ,A,although ,B,as ,C,but ,D,while 63. ,A,above ,B,unlike ,C,excluding ,D,besides 64. ,A,limited ,B,committed ,C,dedicated ,D,confined 65 ,A,catching ,B,ignoring ,C,missing ,D,tracking 66. ,A,anyway ,B,though ,C,instead ,D,therefore 67. ,A,even if ,B,if only ,C,only if ,D,as if 68. ,A,distinguishing ,B,discovering ,C,determining ,D,detecting 69. ,A,diluted ,B,dissolved ,C,determining ,D,diffused 70. ,A,when ,B,since ,C,for ,D,whereas 71. ,A,unusual ,B,particular ,C,unique ,D,typical 72. ,A,signs ,B,stimuli ,C,messages ,D,impulses 73. ,A,at first ,B,at all ,C,at large ,D,at times 74. ,A,subjected ,B,left ,C,drawn ,D,exposed 75. ,A,ineffective ,B,incompetent ,C,inefficient ,D,insufficient 76. ,A,introduce ,B,summon ,C,trigger ,D,create 77. ,A,still ,B,also ,C,otherwise ,D,nevertheless 78. ,A,sure ,B,sick ,C,aware ,D,tired 79. ,A,tolerate ,B,repel ,C,neglect ,D,notice 80. ,A,available ,B,reliable ,C,identifiable ,D,suitable 81. ,A,similar to ,B,such as ,C,along with ,D,aside from Part VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 82.The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). 83. Be quick， _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). 84. Should there be another world war， _______________(人类的继续存在就会有危险). 85. It is generous _______________(你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民). 86. No sooner had Anne arrived _______________(就生病了). 答案部分 Part ? Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. higher-order passion 9. your favorite activities 10. team up Part IV Reading Comprehension 47. public ignorance 48. determine one?s personality 49. They claimed the radionic machine would broadcast the cure. 50. curing the sicknesses 51. People will look back on past medical practices with suspicion( Passage One 52-56 ADBCC Passage Two 57-61 DACBA Part V Cloze 62-66 CBACB 67-71 ADADB 72-76 CADCD 77-81 BCDAB Part VI Translation 82. wants to raise the rent by a third 83. or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church 84. the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy 85. of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster-stricken area 86. than she fell ill 2012年英语六级预测题 Part ? Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College Students on the Job Market. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1.当今大学生面临着严重的就业压力 2.这一现象的产生有多方面的原因 3.解决的办法 College Students on the Job Market 【答案解析】 【写作思路】 本文是关于对某种社会现象的讨论，探讨其原因，并提供解决问题的。 毕业生就业压力大，是目前比较热门的话题，媒体、社会以及学生本人都会时不时的讨 论，所以文章难度不是很大。 文章开篇提出就业压力大的问题，毕业生越来越多，而就业市场却保持稳定，两者之间 的不平衡，导致毕业生面临越来越大的就业压力。 第二段讨论出现这种问题的原因。第一方面，从宏观上来看，整个世界的经济危机影响 了就业市场;第二方面，从学校招生来看，热门专业人数过多，结果供过于求，而冷门专业 学生很少，结果供不应求。 第三段针对第二段的原因，探讨相应的解决方案。从政府的角度出发，要尽可能的采取 各种手段帮助经济恢复，帮助学生就业;从个人角度出发，要学会自主选择，不追潮流，学 习自己感兴趣的，努力提高自身素质，增强竞争能力。 【参考范文】 More and more graduates are going out of universities and entering into the society every year while the demand on the job market remains stable. The college students are facing greater and greater pressure in job-hunting. There are many reasons behind the current phenomenon. To begin with, the economy has been confronted with depression in recent years on a global level, and it takes time for the worldwide economy to recover. What's more, there is an element of irrationality in the enrollment of the campuses. Some hot majors have enrolled too many students, and many people compete for one position after graduation, whereas the majors with little attention have few students, and more graduates are needed than the campus can supply. The solution to this problem lies with both the government as a whole and the individual in specific. The government takes whatever measures possible to help the economy recover and to create more job opportunities for the applicants. And for the individual students, it is better to study what they are interested in and to gain experience through practice, thus better prepared for the society Part ?Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 min) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Buying the Best Insurance for Your Business Gabrielle Melchionda broke into tears when firefighters accidentally flooded the headquarters of Mad Gab?s, the beauty company she had founded two decades ago, even though she knew that insurance would replace the desks, computers, and shelves of lip balm(唇膏)she had lost. To her surprise, however, the real pain came in the months that followed, when she continued to owe salaries and rent while her sales slowed to a trickle(滴，淌，细流). “The critical piece that was missing was business-interruption insurance,” said Ms. Melchionda, who had property and liability insurance but had never got around to adding a policy that replaces income lost after accidents. Business owners have plenty of stories like Ms. Melchionda?s, of policies that didn?t cover enough damage or covered the wrong risk. Some of these complaints can be attributed to tight-fisted insurance companies or misinformed agents, but the fault often lies with entrepreneurs (企业家)who gloss over their insurance decisions. “Generally speaking, small-business owners are not completely aware of the coverage they have or the coverage they need,” said Steven Spiro, an independent insurance agent, explaining that many small-business owners buy insurance simply to comply with the requirements of an office lease. Picking an Agent Buying insurance can be intimidating(使人胆怯的), and it?s difficult to know who is trying to take advantage of you and who is giving honest advice. That?s why you should start by asking other entrepreneurs in your industry what kinds of insurance they carry and who they bought it from. There are three types of vendors who can help you pick insurance: independent agents, captive agents(专属代理人), and risk consultants. Independent agents, also known as brokers, offer the greatest choice because they typically represent many carriers. They are paid on commission by the insurance company, between 10 percent and 20 percent of the annual premium depending on the policy. Beware: because some carriers pay a higher commission than others, brokers may be tempted to play favorites.转 Captive agents represent one insurance company that pays them a salary and commands their loyalty. Some companies such as Allstate only deal with their own agents; that means you can only buy their policies through one of their agents. Both independent and captive agents receive bonuses at the end of the year based on their ratio of policies sold to damages paid. That means it?s in their interest to sell you as much insurance as possible and minimize your claims as much as possible. Understand, also, that most agents focus solely on insurance. “Sometimes there are solutions to your problem that might be better treated without insurance,” said Arthur Flitner, a small-business expert at the Insurance Institute of America. In some cases, for example, it makes more financial sense to self-insure against certain property risks by setting up a rainy-day fund, or to minimize lawsuit risks by enforcing strict employment policies. That?s when a risk consultant can help. Because they?re costly — you?ll usually pay a few thousand dollars for a basic project — it makes sense to hire a risk expert only if you have an unusually risky operation, or run a business with more than, say, $25 million in revenue(收入)or more than 100 employees. After you?ve found some trustworthy vendors, it?s time to shop for bids. Go to as many brokers and agents as you like, but keep in mind that insurance companies won?t bid on the same account through different brokers. Picking a Policy If you?re grossing less than $3 million, you will most likely end up with a business owners policy, known as a B.O.P., which bundles business policies and lets you add additional pieces as necessary. Every carrier assembles its B.O.P. differently, so make sure you?re making accurate comparisons when shopping. If you are grossing more than $3 million, you will probably have to buy your policies separately. There are four policies you really can?t do business without if you have more than a couple of employees: Workers? compensation is required by state law and covers workers? medical expenses, disability pay and death benefits. Rates vary widely by industry and occupation. While the premiums for a secretary might be 22 cents per $100 of payroll, the rate for a roofer might exceed $20 per $100 of payroll. Make sure your business is classified correctly, and don?t try to pass off your toy factory (manufacturing is considered high-risk) as a design firm (low risk). Once employees start filing claims, carriers will conclude that you are a riskier-than-usual design firm and raise your premiums. Property insurance covers your physical premises as well as equipment in your office. Rates vary widely, depending on the age of your building, how far it is from the fire department, and whether it is made of steel or wood. Beware of coinsurance clauses, which allow carriers to pay only a share of damages if they believe you underinsured your property. Instead, ask your broker to add “agreed value” coverage in which you and the insurance company agree on an appropriate insurance level. This can add up to 15 percent to your premiums, but it leaves less room for dispute later. General liability insurance covers injuries your company causes to other people?s health, property or reputation. Rates usually take into account factors like revenue, size of your offices and number of customers. Most basic packages cover $1 million for each occurrence; umbrella policies can add more coverage quite cheaply. If it?s available, make sure you buy the more expensive “occurrence” policy, which covers you for accidents at the time they occurred — even if you have since left the business and your policy has lapsed — as opposed to a “claims made” policy, which covers you only if you are insured when the claim is made. Business interruption insurance — the kind Ms. Melchionda should have had — pays not just the lost sales and rent and payroll costs while you rebuild your business after an accident; it also pays for you to rent a temporary office or equipment so you can get back on your feet faster These policies are just the first building blocks of your insurance coverage. There are dozens of other policies you could add, depending on the kind of business you run. Some, like medical malpractice for doctors and hospitals, are absolutely essential, while others are pure waste. To determine what you need, start by asking yourself two questions: how likely is it that you?ll sustain damage, and could you cover the cost of the damage yourself? As experts like to point out, insurance is meant to cover catastrophes, not pay for maintenance. “It?s a gamble,” said George Von York, a public adjuster who helps business owners negotiate higher claims payments from insurers. “Most people will never have a substantial claim in their life. But boy, when you need it, it?s good to have that coverage.” 1. The passage mainly focuses on . A) how to buy the most suitable insurance for your own business B) how to pick an agent for you own business C) how to pick a policy when you buy the insurance D) how to deal with the insurance company 2. Gabrielle Melchionda . A) did not realize that the insurance company will compensate her loss in the fire B) realized the real pain for her loss in the fire when the fire broke out C) had her company insured against business-interruption D) was very sorrowful when her beauty company caught fire 3. Buying insurance sometimes is frightening in that . A) you should ask other people in your industry for the advice B) it is not easy to distinguish the honest advice and the lie C) there are different types of agents for you to choose D) you do not know where to buy insurance for your company 4. If you have an unusually risky operation . A) you should find a trustworthy vendor B) you should seek help from insurance company C) you are supposed to hire a risk expert D) you are supposed to weigh the risk of your company by yourself 5. What kind of policy is required by the state law? A) Workers? compensation B) Property insurance C) General liability insurance D) Business interruption insurance 6. In the policy of “worker?s compensation”, the rates _______________. A) are the same in different occupation B) are the same in different industries C) are different in different occupation but the same in different industries D). are different in different industries and occupations 7. George Von York ________________. A) thinks to most people it is not necessary to buy insurance B) thinks we are supposed to buy certain insurance in our life C) is a public adjuster who charges higher claims payments from insurers D) is an excellent seller in insurance 8. Property insurance covers your physical premises as well as . 9. It is necessary for you to buy the more expensive occurrence policy if it is . 10. Business interruption insurance also pays for you to rent . 1. 答案 A解析:本题考查考生对整篇文章大意的掌握。本篇快速阅读的标题为“为自己的 公司买最好的保险”，暗示文章内容围绕着如何买保险而展开的。选项A是标题的同义表述， 而B、C、D仅仅涉及了买保险过程中的某一个因素。 2. 答案D解析:题干中的人名Gabrielle Melchionda出现在文章一开始。文章开头讲述 Melchionda女士的遭遇。因为没有保“企业停顿保险”，Melchionda女士蒙受了损失，感到痛 苦。答案D是正确选项。 3. 答案B解析:题干中in that相当于连词because，表示原因。考题考查买保险为什么让人 感到害怕。考生可定位在文章的第五段，文章提及有些是忠告，有些却是在利用投保人，而 这之间很难分辨。选项B是对此句话的总结。 4. 答案C解析:考题考查在特定的情况下，投保人应该如何做。考生可根据题干中“如果你 的运作有很大风险”，将答案定位在第一个小标题picking an agent的最后两段，文章讲到， 此时你需要雇风险咨询师，所以选项C是正确答案。 5. 答案A解析:考题问到，州法律要求的保险是什么?第二个小标题picking a policy下面的 第三段中讲“员工赔偿保险是州法律要求”，所以选项A是正确答案。 6. 答案D解析:根据题干中的“worker's compensation”，考生可继续锁定第二个小标题下的 第三段，原文中讲“Rates vary widely by industry and occupation”，其中vary意为“不同，变动”， 和选项D中的be different同义。 7. 答案B解析:根据题干中的人名George Von York，考生可锁定文章的最后一段，George Von York认为保险就是一场赌博，一辈子可能用不到，可是又不能没有，如果有可能，你还是 需要买保险。从中可以看出George Von York的态度，他是建议人们买保险的，而选项C是 个干扰项，他并不是向投保人收费很高，而是帮助投保人获得更高的索赔。 8. 答案equipment in your office解析:根据题干，考生可找到第二个小标题picking a policy 下面的第四段，它讲到财产保险涵盖的方面。 9. 答案available解析:根据题干，考生可锁定第二个小标题picking a policy下面的第七段， 原文讲到买这种保险的条件。 10. 答案a temporary office or equipment解析:根据题干中的business interruption insurance， 考生可锁定第二个小标题picking a policy下面的第八段，文中提及“企业停顿保险”的承保内 容。 Part ? Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 min) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Laziness is a sin, everyone knows that. We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is immoral, that it is wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than that, and it is often caused by more complex reasons than simple wish to avoid work. Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems. They may be so distrustful of their fellow workers that they are unable to join in any group task for fear of ridicule or fear of having their ideas stolen. These people who seem lazy may be paralyzed by a fear of failure that prevents fruitful work. Or other sorts of fantasies may prevent work: some people are so busy planning, sometimes planning great deals of fantastic achievements that they are unable to deal with; strictly speaking, they are merely procrastinating--rescheduling their day. Laziness can actually be helpful. Like procrastinators, some people may look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, contemplating, researching. We should remember that some great scientific discoveries occurred by chance or while someone was "goofing off." Newton wasn't working in the orchard when the apple hit him and he devised the theory of gravity. All of us would like to have some "lazy" build the car or stove we buy, particularly if that "laziness" were caused by the worker's taking time to check each step of his work and to do his job right. And sometimes, being "lazy"—that is, taking time off for a rest—is good for the overworked student or executive. Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the athlete who is trying too hard, to doctor who's simply working himself overtime too many evenings, at the clinic. So be careful when you're tempted to call someone lazy. That person may be thinking, resting, or planning his or her next book. 47. What is the main idea of this passage? 48. According to the first paragraph, some people appear lazy because ___________________ _ . 49. What do you think of laziness according to the second paragraph? 50. According to the author, we cannot call the people lazy who are not at work because _______________________. 51. The word "fantasies" probably means _______________________. Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. The Super Bowl is one of the biggest events on the advertising calendar, as companies vie to produce the most memorable and innovative ads. The battle for the National Football League's ultimate prize attracts more viewers than anything else on American television and provides a "symbolic pulsetaking" for the advertising industry every February, says John Frelinghuysen, an analyst at Bain and Company, a consultancy. But this year the patient is in poor health. All the advertising slots(广告摊位) for the 2008 Super Bowl had been sold by the end of November 2007, despite the $ 2.6 million price of each. For 2009 the price has risen to $ 3 million, but at least, ten slots (out of 67) are still looking for a buyer. General Motors, which ran 11 ads on Super Bowl Sunday in February 2008, has already said that it will not run any in 2009. America's two other big carmakers, Ford and Chrysler, are likely to follow suit. Tellingly, Monster com, an online job-search company, said recently that it was buying a slot. Instead of the usual parade of expensive ads paying tribute to American consumerism, 2009's Super Bowl will reflect a country in recession and indicate a hard year for the advertising industry. Most forecasts for next year say that ad spending in America will decline by 5% or more. Much depends on the fate of the automotive industry: carmakers and dealers normally spend around $ 20 billion a year on advertising, but Chrysler and Ford scaled back their expenditure by more than 30% in the first nine months of 2008, and are expected to make further cuts in 2009 as they struggle for survival. The car industry's situation will hurt all media, but especially television. Analysts at BMO Capital Markets predict that total spending on television ads will fall by almost 9% next year. Only newspapers, where a decline of 12% is expected, are forecast to fare worse. Carmakers have already shifted some of their advertising spending to the Internet, and are likely to go further in 2009. Car ads make up 25% of advertising revenues for local television channels, and carmakers have been among the most consistent buyers of high-priced ads on national television. So far local stations have been most affected by falling spending on advertising. National stations have been safer, because they operate on longer-term contracts with advertisers. But in the New Year they will also feel the chill, as companies fail to renew their contracts. Television, which has remained strong as print media have lost advertising dollars and readers to the Internet, could enter a decline of its own. "Next on the list is TV stations," says Anthony Diclemente, a media analyst at Barclays Capital 52. Why does the author give the example of Super Bowl? A) Because it is the most popular football games in America. B) Because it shows advertisers' enthusiasm in running slots has dropped. C) Because it is an event that attracts the attention of advertisers. D) Because it will be right on in America in 2009. 53. Why can't at least ten slots find a buyer (Last sentence, Para. 1 ) according to the passage? A) The price for running the advertising slots has risen to $ 3 million. B) It is not attractive any more for the advertising industry. C) The advertising industry is suffering a hard year. D) The advertising slots have been on the rise since 2007. 54. What may the carmakers resort to for promoting their automobiles and cutting down expenditure? A) Buying low-priced ads on national television. B) Renewing new contracts with national stations. C) Shifting their advertising spending to the Internet. D) Relying on such print media as newspaper. 55. What does the sentence "Next on the list is TV stations" ( last paragraph) said by Anthony Diclemente mean? A) What he is going to analyze next is TV stations. B) What advertisers prefer to use is TV stations. C) TV station is the next to be defeated by Internet. D) He would choose TV station as a second choice. 56. We can learn from the passage that ______. A) Ford and Chrysler will run the advertising slots in 2009 B) 2009's Super Bowl will still be an expensive ads parade C) America's ad spending this year will decline by 5% or more D) Carmakers' fate determines to certain extent the ad spending in America Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. According to some individuals, if your house is built in the right position, this may affect your success in life, which seems strange to many people. However, to believers in Feng-Shui, or the art of geomancy, not only the position but also the choice of decorations and even the color of your home can mean the difference between good fortune and disaster. This art has been practiced for centuries in China and is still used all over South East Asia. Even the huge Hong Kong banks call in a geomant if they are planning to build new offices. They have such faith in his knowledge that if he advises them to move, they will alter their plans for even their biggest buildings. Like many Oriental beliefs the geomant's skill depends on the idea of harmony in nature. If there is no imbalance between the opposing forces of Yin and Yang, the building will bring luck to its inhabitants. This means that the house must be built on the right spot as well as facing the right direction, and also be painted an auspicious color. For instance, if there are mountains to the north, this will protect them from evil influences. If the house is painted red, this will bring happiness to the occupants while green symbolizes youth and will bring long life. Other factors, such as the owner's time and date of birth, are taken into account, too. The geomant believes that unless all these are considered when choosing a site for construction, the fortune of the people using it will be at risk. Indeed, to ignore the geomant's advice can have fatal results. The death of the internationally famous Kung-Fu star, Brucee Lee, has been used as an example. It is said that when Lee found out that the house he was living in was an unlucky one, he followed a geomant's advice and installed an eight-sided mirror outside his front door to bring him luck. Unfortunately, a storm damaged the mirror and the house was left unprotected from harmful influences. Soon afterwards Lee died in mysterious circumstances. Not only is Feng-Shui still used in South East Asia, but it has also spread right across the world. Even in modern New York a successful commercial artist called Milton Glaser has found it useful. He was so desperate after his office was broken into six times that he consulted a geomant. He was told to install a fish tank with six black fish and fix a red clock to the ceiling. Since then he has not been burglarized once. It may seem an incredible story, but no other suitable explanation has been offered. 57. From the passage we can infer that Feng-Shui is NOT used in ______. A) Hong Kong B) the United States C) Japan D) Thailand 58. Geomants believe that ______. A) houses must only be painted red B) houses must face mountains C) nature and life should be in harmony D) green is an unlucky color 59. Geomants think that the reason for Bruce Lee's death is that ______. A) he didn't follow the geomants' advice B) he installed an eight-sided mirror C) he misunderstood the geomant's advice D) a storm damaged the protection for his house 60. The story of Milton Glaser shows that ______. A) colors are not important in geomancy B) geomancy is used by artists C) geomancy is used in the West D) the fight against crime is being won 61. Which of the following best describes geomancy? A) It is a style of Oriental decoration. B) It is a type of painting. C) it is an ancient Chinese belief called Feng-Shui. D) It is an architectural design. 47.答案There are advantages and disadvantages in being lazy.解析:这篇文章分两部分讲，第一段讲到懒惰的缺点;第二段提及懒惰的优点。考生要将两部分结合起来，本文主要讲了懒惰的优缺点。 48.答案they are distrustful of their fellow workers解析:根据题干，考生可锁定文章的第一段。有些人看起来很懒惰，原因在于不信任他人。 49答案Laziness can actually be helpful sometimes.解析:根据题干，考生可锁定文章的第二段。段首讲述了本段话的主要内容:懒惰有时候很有好处。. 50答案they may be thinking，resting，or planning their next work解析:根据题干，考生可锁定文章的第二段。段末讲到，想叫某人“懒人”时一定要小心，因为他有可能在思考、休息、或构思下一部书。 51答案delusions解析:此空比较简单。fantasy这里指的是delusion，意为“幻想”，考生要注意用名词复数形式 52.答案B解析:本题是个建立在细节上的推理题。根据题干，考生可锁定文章的第一段和第二段。第一段段末讲到，2007年11月末就卖完了2008年的广告摊位，而2009年的广告摊位现在依然寻找买主。第二段段首以通用汽车为例，它在2008年有11个广告，而2009年一个都没有。由这些细节可以判断，广告商做广告的热情在下降。 53.答案C解析:本题是个细节题。根据题干，考生可将答案锁定在文章的第二段段末。原文讲，2009年的超级杯反映国家在处于经济消退期，暗示对广告业来讲将是艰苦的一年。 54.答案C解析:本题是个细节题。根据题干，考生可锁定文章的第四段。汽车制造商把视线投向了网络，通过网络来做广告。 55.答案C解析:本题是个建立在细节上的推理题。根据题干，考生可锁定文章的最后一段。考生想要理解此句话的意思，必须要联系上下文。上文中讲，打印媒体让位给了网络，那时电视的地位依然强势，而现在电视的地位要下降了。所以此句话的意思是，下一个要让位给网络的就是电视了。 56.答案D解析:本题是个主旨题。考生在文章的第三段和第四段也可找到相关的证据。第三段中讲，美国广告消费很大程度上依赖于汽车行业的命运;文章第四段中讲，汽车行业的形势会影响所有媒体，特别是电视。由此可推断，汽车制造商的命运某种程度上决定了美国的广告消费。 57.答案C转解析:本题是个建立在细节上的判断题。文中讲到，风水在东南亚很流行，现在还传播到了西方国家。选项A和D属于东南亚的，选项B在文章最后一段出现，用排除法可以判断C为正确选项。 58.答案C解析:本题是个细节题。考生可锁定文章第二段，开头就说到风水师很看重和自然的和谐一致。选项D和文中意思刚好相反，而选项A和B只是文中用来说明和谐的例子而已。 59.答案D解析:本题是个细节题。根据题干中的Bruce Lee，考生可将答案定位在文章的第三段。李小龙听风水师的建议安装了镜子，但暴风雨打碎了镜子，所以保护房子的屏障没有了。 60.答案C解析:本题是个建立在细节上的总结判断题。根据题干中的人名Milton Glaser，考生可锁定文章的最后一段。第一句话是主题句，风水在西方流行开来，而Milton Glaser之事仅仅是证明这个观点的例子。 61.答案C解析:本题是个总结判断题。通观全文，可用排除法来选择正确答案。选项A、B、D只是风水师看风水时考虑的因素。而文章的一段，把风水解释为占卜(Feng-Shui, or the art of geomancy)，接着说，在中国数世纪之前就很盛行。由此可以推断C为正确答案。 Part V Cloze (5 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Approximately, forty percent of Americans see themselves as shy, while only 20 percent say they have never suffered from shyness at some point in their lives. Shyness occurs when a person's apprehensions are so great that they 62 his making an expected or desired social response. 63 of shyness can be as minor as 64 to make eye contact when speaking to someone, 65 as major as avoiding conversations whenever possible. "Shy people tend to be too 66 with themselves," said Jonathan Cheek, a psychologist, who is one of those at the forefront of current research on the topic." 67 , for a smooth conversation, you need to pay attention to the other person's cues, 68 he is saying and doing. But the shy person is full of 69 about how he seems to the other person, and so he often 70 cues he should pick up. The result is an awkward lag in the conversation. Shy people need to stop focusing on 71 and switch their attention to the other person." 72 , shy people by and large have 73 social abilities than they think they do. 74 Dr. Cheek videotaped shy people talking to 75 , and then had raters (评估者) evaluate how socially skilled the people were, he found that, in the 76 of other people, the shy group had few 77 problems. But when he asked the shy people themselves 78 they had done, they were unanimous in saying that they had been social hops(失败). "Shy people are their own 79 critics," Dr. Cheek said. 80 , he added, shy people feel they are being judged more 81 than they actually are, and overestimate how obvious their social anxiety is to others. 62. A) prevent B) inhibit C) keep D) motivate 63. A) Symptoms B) Signals C) Highlights D) Incidences 64. A) succeeding B) failing C) acting D) responding 65. A) but B) not C) or D) nor 66. A) preoccupied B) absorbed C) engaged D) indulged 67. A) However B) Then C) For example D) Instead 68. A) that B) which C) what D) how 69. A) worries B) feelings C) emotions D) indifferences 70. A) follows B) picks up C) misses D) catches 71. A) the conversation B) shyness C) others D) themselves 72. A) Therefore B) Nevertheless C) On the contrary D) Similarly 73. A) worse B) as good C) better D) best 74. A) When B) Since C) While D) As 75. A) themselves B) friends C) strangers D) others 76. A) name B) terms C) case D) eyes 77. A) oblivious B) obvious C) oblique D) obscure 78. A) what B) whatever C) how D) however 79. A) best B) justice C) fair D) worst 80. A) In particular B) In contrast C) In general D) In comparison 81. A) positively B) negatively C) subjectively D) objectively 62.答案B解析:考生要特别注意，此句中的they指代前面的主语apprehensions，忧惧过多，就阻碍了他们的反应。选项A、B、C都有“阻碍”之意，A和C的常用搭配是prevent/keep sb. (from) doing sth.，而B的常用搭配为prohibit doing sth。D意为“鼓励，刺激”，常用搭配为motivate sb. to do sth.。 63.答案A解析:考生要注意名词词义辨析。A中的symptom意为“症状，征兆”;B中的signal意为“信号，标志”;C中的highlight意为“精彩部分，最重要的细节或事件，闪光点”;D中的incidence意为“发生”。此句的意思为，害羞的表现征兆。 64.答案B解析:解答本题要注意上下文。本句大意为:害羞的征兆有两类，一类比较细微，一类却比较严重。前后两种征兆呈排比结构，后半句用到了动词avoid，前半句相对应，选择同义动词fail，表示“不能直视他人”。 65.答案C解析:本空前后是两种可能性的排比，用or连接，表示“或者”，指害羞的轻微征兆和严重征兆66.答案A解析:本空考查动词搭配。A的搭配为be preoccupied with;而选项B、C、D则常和介词in搭配。 67.答案C解析:考生要注意前后两句话的关系。Jonathan Cheek认为害羞的人太关注自身。接下来说，在交流过程中，他们太关注自身在对方眼中的形象。从中可以看出，Jonathan Cheek举了个例子来说明害羞的人对自身的关注。 68.答案C解析:此空和前面的the other persons' cues并列，都做pay attention to的宾语。宾语从句中say和do缺少宾语，用what来充当。 69.答案A解析:选项A中worries表示“担忧，担心”;选项B中feelings表示“感觉，知觉，气氛，鉴赏力”;选项C中emotions表示“感情”;选项D中indifferences意为“冷淡，漠不关心”。根据上文，害羞的人担心他人对自己的看法。 70.答案C解析:上一句话中讲，害羞的人太担心自己在他人心目中的印象，所以会常常错过本该注意到的提示。考生选择时，要注意前后两句话的逻辑关系。 71.答案D解析:本段一直在讲害羞的人太关注自身，在交流中才会出现问题。所以他们应该转移注意力，不要把精力一直放在自身。所以在这里选择反身代词themselves。 72.答案B解析:此空的选择要联系上下文。前一段讲害羞的人太注意自身，交流中出现了某些问题;而此空的后一段讲，害羞的人和陌生人交流时，表现没有什么大问题。根据前后关系，选择B表示“不管怎么说，无论如何”。 73.答案C解析:此空的选择也要联系上下文。前面讲害羞的人交流中出现了某些问题;而后面讲害羞的人和陌生人交流时，实际表现没有什么大问题。所以，他们的社交能力比他们想象的要好。 74.答案A解析:此空是对连词的选择，考生要注意前后两句话之间的关系。when表示“当……的时候”，since表示“自从”，while强调前后两个动作同时发生，或者后面的动作发生在前面的动作行为期间;as也强调动作同时进行，还可以表示原因 75.答案C解析:考生要注意这个实验，是观察害羞的人的社交能力。如果是和朋友交流，害羞的人就会比较随意，结果可能不太客观;而选项D中的others既包括陌生人，也包括朋友，所以在这里选择C。 76.答案D解析:此空考查名词短语。in the name of意为“以……的名义”，terms的短语一般为in terms of，意为“就……而言，在……方面”，case一般用于in this case，表示“在这种情 况下”，in the eyes of sb.表示“在……看来”。 77.答案B解析:本句前后语义为，在他人看来，害羞的人并没有表现出很多问题。答案选obvious，意为“明显的”。选项A中oblivious常作表语，用在be oblivious of中，表示“忘记，不注意”，用在be oblivious to中，意为“对……不在意”;选项C中的oblique，意为“拐弯抹角的”，选项D中的obscure，表示“模糊的，艰涩难懂的。” 78.答案C解析:do作为不及物动词，经常和副词连用，或者在疑问句中用在how之后，表示“进展，表现”，如:How is the business doing?(生意如何?) 79.答案D解析:根据上文，害羞的人对自己要求很严格，总觉得自己表现不是很好。而选项中的A、B、C都是褒义词。 80.答案C解析:考生要注意对四个短语的理解。选项A中的in particular，意为“特别，尤其”;选项B中的in contrast意为“相反”;选项C中的in general意为“一般来讲”;选项D中的in comparison意为“比较起来”。这里Dr. Cheek在讨论一般情况。 81.答案B解析:从整篇文章来讲，害羞的人总是认为自己表现的不是很好，他人对自己的评价也不会很高，所以在这里选择B，negatively意为“消极地，负面地”。 Part? Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 82. Only under special conditions ______________________ (才允许大一学生参加补考). 83. The new arrival was _______________ (不是别人，正是那位著名的科学家). 84. It's released that by the end of this year _____________________ (这个国家的失业率将会上升到3%左右). 85. If the whole framework of the thesis had been designed beforehand, ____________________________(就会节省很多时间和精力) 86. I was advised to be cautious ___________________ (以防他对我的工作有不良企图) 82.答案are freshmen permitted to take make-up tests解析:本题是对倒装的考查。only +表示时间、地点、方式、原因等的副词短语或状语从句，句子的主句需要用倒装，把助动词提到主语的前面。汉语中的句子没有主语，考生要注意被动的使用。 83.答案none other than the famous scientist解析:本题是对强调的考查。none other than后面加名词，表示“恰恰是，正是”。 84.答案the rate of unemployment in that nation will have risen to about 3%解析:首先需要注意时态的使用，by the end of this year暗示了本句需要用将来完成时态;其次，需要注意rise to和rise by的区别，rise to表示“上升到”，rise by表示“上升了”。 85.答案a great deal of time and energy would have been saved解析:本题是对虚拟语气的考查。前半句用了had done的形式，表示对过去事实的虚拟，而主句需要用would have done的结构。同时，汉语句子没有主语，要考虑被动语态的运用。 86. 答案in case he had designs on my job解析:首先是连词的选择，in case意为“如果，万一”，后面加一个句子。其次，动词短语have designs on sth.，意为“对…….有不良企图 阅读 Passage A Back in the old days, when I was a child, we sat around the family roundtable at dinnertime and exchanged our daily experiences. It wasn't very organized, but everyone was recognized and all the news that had to be told was told by each family member. We listened to each other and the interest was not put-on; it was real. Our family was a unit and we supported each other, and nurtured each other, and liked each other, and—we were even willing to admit—we loved each other. Today, the family roundtable has moved to the local fast-food restaurant and talk is not easy, much less encouraged. ? Grandma, who used to live upstairs, is now. the voice on long distance, and the working parent is far too beaten down each day to spend evening relaxation time listening to the sandbox experience of an eager four-year-old. So family conversation is as extinct as my old toys and parental questions such as "What have you been doing, Bobby?" have been replaced by "I'm busy, go watch television. " And watch TV they do; count them by the millions. But it's usually not children's television that children watch. Saturday morning, the children's hour, amounts to only about 8 percent of their weekly viewing. Where are they to be found? Watching adult television, of course, from the Match Game in the morning, to the afternoon at General Hospital, from the muggings and battles on the evening news right through the family hour and past into Starsky and Hutch. That's where you find our kids, over five million of them, at 10 p. m. , not fewer than a million until after midnight! All of this is done with parental permission. Television, used well, can provide enriching experiences for our young people, but we must use it with some sense. When the carpet is clean, we turn off the vacuum cleaner. When the dishes are clean, the dishwasher turns itself off. Not so the television, which is on from the sun in the morning to the moon at night and beyond! Parents must exercise some control and show some concern about the cultural influence on the child when a program not intended for that child is viewed. Parents need to intervene (干涉). Nonintervention may be a wise policy in international affairs, but the results of parental nonintervention will not be wise at all. 26. From the first two paragraphs one may infer that the writer's a attitude towards "the old days" is______. A. preferring B. hating C. being tired of D. disappointing 27. The working parent is not willing to listen to her (his) four-year-old child talking about his sandbox games because she (he) is______. A. boring B. very tired C. busy D. angry 28. According to the writer, the responsibility for the kid's watching adult television and watching it for a long time should be undertaken by______. A. the television stations B. the society C. TV programs D. their parents 29. If we use television with some ______television can provide our young people with much knowledge. A. instruction of experts B. judgment of our own C. direction of engineers D. indication of teachers 30. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Parental nonintervention will not be praised. B. Nonintervention may be a good policy in international affairs. C. Parents must exercise some control and show some concern about the cultural influence on the children. D. Parents need to intervene. Passage B I have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because I happen to be that put-upon member of society—a customer. The more I go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airports and the like, the more I'm convinced that things are being run solely to suit the firm, the system, or the union. There seems to be a harmful new motto (格言) for so-called "service" organizations—Staff Before Service. How often, for example, have you queued for what seems like hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there weren't enough staff on duty to man all the service grilles (栅门) of checkout counters? Surely in these days of high unemployment it must be possible to recruit cashiers and counter staff. Yet supermarkets, hinting darkly at higher prices, claim that enshrouding all their cash registers at any one time would increase overheads. And the Post Office says we cannot expect all their service grilles to be occupied "at times when demand is low. " It's the same with hotels. Because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is curtailed. As for us guests, we just have to put up with it. There's also the nonsense of so many so friendly hotel night porters having been dismissed in the interests of "efficiency" (i. e. profits) and replaced by coin guzzling machines. Not to mention the coldness of the tea-making kit in your room: a kettle with an assortment of teabags, plastic milk cartons and lump sugar. Who wants to wake up to a raw teabag? I don't, especially when I am paying for "service". 21. The writer feels that nowadays a customer is_______. A. one who is well served B. unworthy of proper consideration C. classified by society as inferior D. the victim of modern service 22. In the writer's opinion, the quality of service is changing because_______. A. the customer's demands have changed B. the organizations receive more consideration than the customers C. the customers' needs have increased D. the staff are less considerate than their employers 23. According to the writer, long queues at counters are caused by ____. A. difficulties in recruiting staff B. inadequate staffing arrangements C. staff being made lazy D. lack of co-operation between the staff 24. Service organizations claim that keeping the checkout counters manned would result in A. a rise in the price for providing services B. demands by cashiers for more money C. insignificant benefits for the customers D. the need to purchase expensive equipment 25. The disappearance of old-style hotel porters can be attributed to the fact that______. A. few people are willing to do this type of work B. machines are more reliable than human beings C. the personal touch is less appreciated nowadays D. automation has provided cheaper alternatives 写作 Chapter One 文章开头句型 1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于 有争议性的主题. [1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently. [2]. When it comes to .... , some people bielive that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...) [3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether..... 1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 . [1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern. [2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention) [3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.----- To be continued !! 1-3 观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法. [1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ... Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. benn more visible/popular than... [2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that... [3]. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ...... [4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....... 1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点! [1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people . "Education is not complete with gradulation." Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion. [2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this . In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......". 1-5 比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点. [1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... . [2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new. Chapter Three 文章结尾形式 2-1 结论性--------- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 . [1]. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that ..... [2]. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable ....... 2-2 后果性------ 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果. [1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of ....... [2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that .. will be put in danger. 2-3 号召性 -------- 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意. [1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendcy of ...... [2]. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency. 2-4 建议性 -------- 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方 法. [1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is ..... [2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation. 2-5 方向性的结尾方式 ---- 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向 或者指明前景. [1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way . [2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be helpful/benefical. [3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty , but ........ 2--6 意义性的结尾方式 --------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题 的重要性以及其深远的意义! [1]. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit but also benefit ..... [2]. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly . 结尾万能 1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… 2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken Chapter 3 文章中间主体内容句型 原因结果分析 3-1-1. 基本原因 --- 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因. [1]. Why ... ? For one thing.. For another ... [2]. The answer to this problem invovles many factors. For one thing... For another...... Still another ... [3]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect .... /both individual and social contribute to .... 3-1-2 另一原因 --------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用! [1]. Another important factor is .... [2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem. [3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for ..... 3-1-3 后果影响 --------- 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 . [1]. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on.... [2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........ 比较对照句型 3-2-1. 两者比较 ---> 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定 其缺点的时候用 ! [1]. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B. [2]. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B. [3]. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects. 3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 ------> 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用! [1]. A and B have several thing in common. They are similar in that.... [2]. A bears some sriking resemblance(s) to B. Part ? Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled A Harmonious Society in My Mind. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 建立和谐社会成为了一种潮流和趋势 2. 我心中的和谐社会是…. 3. 为了建立和谐社会，我们应该如何去做? A Harmonious Society in My Mind Part I Writing 【话题分析】 和谐社会是目前中国建设的目标之一，是比较热门的社会话题。报纸、杂志、电视新闻等， 经常讨论此话题。考生应多关注社会新闻，为写作收集素材。 【范文解析】 Nowadays, it seems known to everybody that one of the objectives of China\'s modern construction is to build a harmonious society. All of a sudden, "a harmonious society" has become a frequently-used phrase in media news, newspaper etc. It is the trend of China\'s development. But what is a harmonious society? In my mind, there are several aspects included in building a harmonious society. First, a harmonious society has democracy in its politics to ensure the maximum benefits of the people. Second, a harmonious society has equality and justice to protect the rights of every citizen. Third, a harmonious society has good faith and friendly relation between people to create a favorable atmosphere for living and doing business. Forth, a harmonious society has energy to make sure its creativity. Fifth, a harmonious society has stability and order to provide people with a comfortable environment. Sixth, a harmonious society has harmony between humankind and nature for a sustainable development of economy. To be true, it needs joint efforts of every person in China to realize this great goal. For me, I am a student in college. What I can do is develop good relations with people around me, help others as much as possible, spread this awareness to as many people as possible, laying a foundation for this tall building. 文章一开始就提到目前中国现代化建设的目标之一，就是构建和谐社会。一时之间，构 建社会成为中国发展的趋势。 第二段从六个方面讲述了和谐社会的内涵:1)民主政治，保证人们的最大利益;2)公平正 义，保证每个公民的权利;3)诚信友好，为生活和生产提供良好环境;4)充满活力，确保社会 的创造力;5)稳定有序，保证生活平稳安定;6)人与自然和谐相处，实现经济可持续性发展。 第三段从自身出发，讨论在构建和谐社会时自己该如何做。作为一名学生，作者认为: 和周围人发展友好关系，乐于助人，传播“和谐社会”的意识，为这个宏伟目标奠定基础。 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 21. D 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. D 完形填空 Passage A Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease. SARS--Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome--was 62 for the first time in February 2003 in Hanoi, 63 since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 64 At this 64 ,there are more questions than answers surrounding the disease. Symptoms start 65 a fever over 100. 4 degrees F, chills, headache or body 66 Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might 67 to shortness of breath. In 10% to 20%of cases, patients require 68 ventilation to breathe. About 3.5%die from the disease. Symptoms 69 begin in two to seven days, but some reports suggest it 70 take as long as 10 days. Scientists are close to 71 a lab test to diagnose SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnosed by its symptoms. There is no evidence 72 antibiotics or anti-viral medicines help, 73 doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of 74 . Scientists aren’t sure yet, but some researchers think it’s a 75 discovered coronavirus, the family of viruses that cause some common colds. Most cases appear to have been passed 76 drop lets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care 77 them have been most likely to 78 the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the 79 might spread through air, or that the virus might 80 for two to three hours on doorknobs or other 81 Health experts say it is unlikely, though, that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected person would be enough to pass the virus. 62. [A] detected [B] caught [C] disclosed [D] revealed 63. [A] but [B] and [C] or [D] vet 64. [A] time [B] point [C] aspect [D] instance 65. [A] from [B] over [C] upon [D] with 66. [A] hurt [B] sore [C] aches [D] feelings 67. A] process [B] advance [C] progress [D] convert 68. [A] automatic [B] artificial [C] mechanical [D] controlled 69. [A] regularly [B] ordinarily [C] traditionally [D] generally 70. [A] will [B] might [C] should [D] must 71. [A] cultivating [B] fostering[C] developing [D] designing 72. [A] which [B] that [C] whether [D] what 73. [A] so [B] but [C] still [D] yet 74. [A] communication [B] transportation [C] transportation [D] transmission 75. [A] lately [B] newborn [C] newly [D] renewed 76. [A] under [B] through [C] beneath [D] from 77. [A] for B] over [C] after [D] about 78. [A] acquire [B] receive [C] obtain [D] contract 79. [A] ailmenth [B] ill-healt [C] disease [D] infection 80. [A] continue [B] linger [C] delay [D] persist 81. [A] exteriors [B] outside [C] surfaces [D] coverings 本文主要介绍了科学界对SARS的研究，包括其症状、诊断、治疗、传播途径等情况。关于 SARS还有很多问题有待于解答。SARS的症状类似于感冒，人会发烧，感到身体疼痛。SARS 病毒主要是通过空气传播的。 62(A词义辨析题。该句意为“SARS是在2003年2月在河内首次被—的”。detect意为 “发现，察觉”，例:The dentist could detect no decay in her teeth((医生检查了她的牙，未发 现龋齿。)，故选A。其他三项:catch意为“抓住，赶上”;disclose意为“揭露”;reveal意为 “揭示”。 63(B逻辑衔接题。该句意为“SARS是在2003年2月在河内首次被发现的，——从那 时起，SARS已经感染了l5个国家的l600人，其中63人死亡”，此处前后两句为承接关系，故选B。 64(B惯用搭配题。该句意为“在这一点上，人们对于该病的许多疑问都没有找到答案”。at this point指“在这一点上”，符合该处的语义关系，故选B。at this time意为“在这个时候”;没有at this aspect/instance的说法，应为in this aspect(在这个方面)和in this instance(在这个情况下)。 65(D惯用搭配题。该句意为“SARS的症状是首先表现为高于100(4华氏度的高烧、发冷、头疼或者身体”。startwith是固定搭配，意为“以……开始”，带有伴随的意味，故选D。start from意为“从……开始，开始于……”，强调具体的事物;startover意为“重新开始”。 66(C词义辨析题。hurt意为“伤害，受伤”;sore意为“痛处，一般为嗓子疼”;ache意为“疼痛”，一般指身体某 处的疼痛;feeling意为“感情，情感”。根据上下文此处要表达身体的疼痛，故选C。、 67(C词义辨析题。该句意为“一周内，病人于咳，可能——呼吸短促”，只有progress“发展”符合句意，故 选C。其他三项:process意为“加工，处理”;advance意为“前进”;convert意为“转化”。 68(C词义辨析题。ventilation意为“通风”，该句大意为“在10%到20%的病例中，患者需要一一通风进行呼吸”。根据常识，医院通常为呼吸困难的病人提供呼吸机，呼吸机是机械设备。四个选项中automatic意为“自动的”;artificial意为“人工的”;mechanical意为“机械的”;controlled意为“可控制的”，故选c。 69(D逻辑衔接题。该句意为“症状在2到7天内开始出现”，由上下文可知此处说的是一般的情况。regularly意为“有规律地”;ordinarily意为“普通，平常”;traditionally意为“传统上”;generally意为“一般，通常”，故选D。 70(B语法结构题。前文提到，症状一般在2到7天内开始出现，此处为转折:但是有报告显示症状出现需要10天，可见人们对SARS还不是很了解，只是一种推测。might为情态动词，表示较小的推断和可能，故选B。 71(C词义辨析题。cultivate意为“培养”;foster意为“培育”;develop意为“发展”;design意为“设计”。此处表 达“科学家开发出一个实验室测试来诊断SARS”，故选C。 72(B语法结构题。that此处引导evidence的同位语从句，故选B。 73(A逻辑衔接题。前半句提到“还不能证明抗生素和抗滤过性病原体药物有帮助”，该句说“医生只能提供支持性的医疗服务”，由此可知此处是因果关系，故选A。 74(D词义辨析题。结合句意“患有SARS的病人被隔离，减少——的风险”可知，此处是指减少传播的风险。transmission意为“传播，传染”，符合句意，故选D。其他三项:communication意为“传达”;transportation意为“交通，运输”;transformation意为“转换，转变”。 75(C词义辨析题。该句意为“但是一些研究者认为它是——发现的冠状病毒，能够引起普通感冒的病毒”。Newly discovered意为“新发现的”，符合句意，故选C。lately也是“最近”的意思，但它不与动词的过去分词搭配使用;newborn意为“新生的”;renewed意为“更新的，重建的”。 76(B惯用搭配题。Pass through是固定搭配，意为“经过”，符合句意，故选B。pass from意为“绕道”。 77(A惯用搭配题。该句意为“被感染人的家庭成员以及负责——他们的医护人员最有可能——疾病”。care for是固定搭配，意为“照顾”，故选A。care over意为“密切注意;小心，谨慎”;care about意为“担心”。 78(D词义辨析题。根据句意(见上题)可知，此处要表达“感染疾病”。四个选项中acquire 意为“获得，学到”; receive意为“收到，接到”;0btain意为“获得，得到”;contract意为“签约;感染(疾病)，?， 故选D。 79(C词义辨析题。该句意为“但是最近在香港的进展表明这种——可能通过空气传播”， 可见此处是说这种疾病(SARS)可能通过空气传播。四个选项中ailment意为“疾病(尤指微 恙)”;ill(health可理解为“不健康”;disease指“疾病”;infection意为“传染”，故选C。 80(B词义辨析题。该句意为“病毒可能在门把手上或者其他的……—两三个小时”，可 见此处是说疾病可以停留的时间和地点。四个选项中continue意为“继续”;linger意为“停留”; delay意为“耽误”;persist意为“坚持”，故选B。 81(C词义辨析题。此处要表达的是“物体的表面”。这几个词都有表面的意思:exteriors 和outside都指“外 部、外面”;surface指“最外面的一层”;coverings指“覆盖物”，故选C。 Passage B Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today. Salt may seem rather a strange 62 to use as money, 63 in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an 64 necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their 65 , were used as money in some countries until recent 66 , and cakes of salt 67 buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa. Sea shells 68 as money at some time 69 another over the greater part of the Old World. These were 70 mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the 71 from East to West. Metal, valued by weight, 72 coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries 73 paper money. It can either be exchanged 74 goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, 75 in fiat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The 76 of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old--older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean. Nowadays, coins and notes have 77 nearly all the more picturesque 78 of money, and 79 in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial 80 such as weddings and funerals, examples of 81 money will soon be found only in museums. 62. [A] object [B] article [C] substance [D] category 63. [A] but [B] and [C] so [D] even 64. [A] abstract [B] advantageous [C] abundant [D] absolute 65. [A] weight [B] value [C] role [D] size 66. [A] times [B] events [C] situations [ D] conditions 67. [A] even [B] also [C] still [D] never 68. [A] had been used [B] are used [C] would be used [D] would have been used 69. [A] and [B] but [C] yet [D] or 70. [A] collected [B] produced [C] grown [D] raised 71. [A] city [B] district [C] community [D] continent 72. [A] processed [B] produced [C] preceded [D] proceeded 73. [A] in spite of [B] instead of [C] along with [D] in line with 74. [A] against [B] as [C]in [D] fur 75. [A] often [B] seldom [C] really[D] much 76. [A] earlier [B] earliest [C] better [D] best 77. [A] replaced [B] reproduced [C] reflected [D] recovered 78. [A] sizes [B] shapes [C] formats [D] forms 79. [A] while [B] although [C] because [D] if 80. [A] events [B] gatherings [C] occasions [D] assemblies 81. [A] original [B] primitive [C] historical [D] crude 文章精要 本文主要讲述了货币的悠久历史和发展过程。当今世界，有些地方仍然把食盐、贝壳或金属作为货币来使用。在非洲的一些地方，大块的食盐被印上标价来交换物品;在古代，从印度洋收集的贝壳也被作为货币使用过:金属按照重量作为价值也在很多地区使用过，这是中国古代货币的一种形式。现在这些货币的形式大都已经被硬币和纸币替代，或许将来只能在博物馆看到它们了。 62(C词义辨析题。该句意为“食盐似乎看起来是作为货币使用的一种非常奇怪的__________”。object意为“物体;目标”;article意为“物品;条款”;substance意为“物质”;category意为“种类，类别”，结合句意只有C符合。 63(A逻辑衔接题。该句意为“__________在以蔬菜为主要食物的国家，它经常是一种__________必需品”，可见该句与前一句是转折关系，故选A。 64(D词义辨析题。abstract意为“抽象的”;advantageous意为“有利的，有益的”;abundant意为“丰富的，充裕的”;absolute意为“绝对的，完全的”。此处要表达“它经常是一种绝对需要的必需品”，故选D。 65(B词义辨析题。该句意为“成块的食盐被印上标签标明它们的__________，在一些国家被用来当作货币”，既然是当作货币，那么就要体现它的价值。value意为“价值”，故选B。weight意为“重量”;role意为“作用”;size意为“尺寸，大小”。 66(A词义辨析题。times意为“时代”;event意为“事件”;situation意为“位置，形势”;condition意为“条件，情况”。根据上下文此处要表达食盐直到近代仍然在一些国家作为货币使用，故选A。 67(C词义辨析题。该句意为“成块的食盐__________在Borne0和非洲的一些地方用来买商品”，只有still(仞燃)符合句意，故选C。even意为“甚至”;also意为“也，还”;never(意为“从不，绝不”，均排除。 68(A语法结构题。上文说到食盐被用作货币，该段指出贝壳也曾被用作货币，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。故选A(had been used)。 69(D逻辑衔接题。该句意为“贝壳作为货币在古代世界的大部分地区的某个时代或另一些时代使用过”，可见此处某个时代和另一些时代是选择关系，故选D。 70(A词义辨析题。该句意为“这些贝壳是从印度洋Maldives岛__________的”。collect意为“收集，搜集”;produce意为“生产，制造”;grow意为“生长，种植”;raise意为“饲养”，结合句意本题选A。 71(D词义辨析题。city意为“城市”;district意为“区，地区”;community意为“社区”;continent意为“大陆，洲”。此处表达“在非洲，贝壳在非洲大陆从东到西被用来进行贸易”，故选D。 72(C词义辨析题。process意为“加工，处理”;produce意为“生产，制造”;precede意为“在……之前;优于”;proceed意为“开始，行进”。此处要表达“金属由重量来表明价值，在世界的很多地方于硬币之前就出现了”，故选C。 73(B词义辨析题。该句意为“成块、成条或者环状的铁仍然在很多国家__________纸 币使用”。in spite of意为“尽管，即使”;instead of意为“代替”;a long with意为“共同，一起”; inline with意为“按照”，由此可见空处只能填“代替”，故选B。 74(D惯用搭配题。该句意为“它可以被用来交换商品或者制成工具、武器、装饰品”。 exchange for是固定搭配(意为“交换……”，故选D。 75(A词义辨析题。此句意为“中国早期的货币，除贝壳以外，都是用铜制成的， __________是平平的、圆圆的，中间有个孔”，可见此处说的是早期货币通常的样子，often 表示“经常”，符合句意，故选A。 76(B语法结构题。由of these可以判断此处是最高级形式，the earliest指“最早的”，故 选B。 77(A词义辨析题。该句意为“现在，硬币和纸币已经__________几乎所有独特的货 币……”。replace意为“代替，替代”;reproduce意为“再生，繁殖”;reflect意为“反映”;recover 意为“恢复，复原”，结合句意本题选A。 78(D词义辨析题。该句意为“硬币和纸币已经取代了几乎所有的独特的货币 __________”。size意为“尺寸，大小”;shape意为“形状”;format意为“模式”;form意为“形 式”，结合句意本题选D。 79(B逻辑衔接题。该句意为“在更加偏远的__________两个国家里人们仍然把它留作 将来在一些仪式场合使用”，与前一句形成转折关系，故选B。 80(C词义辨析题。该句意为“将来的仪式__________例如婚礼和葬礼”。event意为“事 件”;gathering意为“集合，集会”;occasion意为“场合”;assembly意为“集合，集会”，结合 句意本题选C。 81(B词义辨析题。该句意为“不久，__________货币的各种形式只能在博物馆里看到”， 此处应指原始的货币。primitive意为“原始的，远古的”，符合句意，故选B。original意为“最 初的”;historical意为“历史的”;crude意为“天然的，未加工的”。 Passage C Most people would be 62 by the high quality of medicine 63 to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of 64 to the individual, a 65 amount of advanced technical equipment, and 66 effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must 67 in the courts if they 68 things badly. But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in 69 health care is organized and 70 .71 to public belief it is not just a free competition system. The private system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not 72 the less fortunate and the elderly. But even with this huge public part of the system, 73 this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollars—more than 10 per cent of the U.S. budget--large numbers of Americans are left 74 These include about half the 11million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits 75 income fixed by a government trying to make savings where it can. The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control 76 the health system. There is no 77 to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate person concerned can do is 78 up. Two-thirds 0f the population 79 covered by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want 80 that the insurance company will pay the bill. The rising cost of medicine in the U.S. is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981the country?s health bill climbed 15.9 per cent—about twice as fast as prices 81 general. 62. [A] compressed [B] impressed [C] obsessed [D] repressed 63. [A] available [B] attainable [C] achievable [D] amenable 64. [A] extension [B] retention [C] attention [D] exertion 65 [A] countless [B] titanic [C] broad [D] vast 66. [A] intensive [B] absorbed [C] intense [D] concentrated 67. [A] run into [B] come into [C] face [D] defy 68. [A] treat [B] deal [C] maneuver [D] handle 69. [A] which [B] that [C] what [D] when 70. [A] to finance [B] financed [C] the finance [D] to be financed 71.[A] Contrary [B] Opposed [C] Averse [D] Objected 72. [A] looking for [B] looking into [C] looking after [D] looking over 73. [A] which [B] what [C] that [D] it 74. [A] over [B] out [C] off [D] away 75. [A] for [B] in [C] with [D] on 76. [A] over [B] un [C] under [D] behind 77. [A] boundary [B] restriction [C] confinement [D] limit 78. [A] to pay [B] paying [C] to be paid [D] to have paid 79. [A] is being [B] are [C] have been [D] is 80. [A] knowing [B] to know [C] they know [D] known 81. [A] in [B] with [C] on [D] for 文章精要 很多人对美国医疗的高质量印象深刻，但它仍面临一些问题，如收费过高等。文章就美 国的医疗系统进行了论述。 62(B词义辨析题。本句的意思是:“很多人对医药的高质量。__________”impress 意为“对„„印象深刻”，符合句意;compress意为“挤压，压缩”，obsess意为“使困 扰”，repress意为“镇压”，均排除。 63(A词义辨析题。available意为“可获得的”;attainable和achievable同义， 指“可得到的”，是“需要努力才能得到的”意思，排除;amenable意为“有责任的，应 服从的”，排除;所以A正确。 64(C词义辨析题。本句的意思是:“对个人的很多。__________”attention意为“关注”，正确;extension意为“延长”，retention意为“保持”，exertion意为“努力”，均排除。 65(D惯用搭配题。本句的意思是:__________ “高级的技术设备。”vast意为“大量的”，常用来形容数量、程度等，正确;countless意为“无数的”，常用于可数名词，排除;titanic意为“巨大的”，常形容体积，排除;broad意为“宽的”，排除。 66(C词义辨析题。intense意为“强烈的”，常指由内在而来的力量，所以intense effort意为“巨大的努力”;intensive意为“强烈的”，常用于指行为的强度和程度是由外部强加的，排除;absorbed意为“全神贯注的”，concentrated意为“集中的”，均排除。 67(C词义辨析题。本句的意思是:“医生和医院将__________财政风险。”run into意为“偶遇”，come into意为“得到”，face意为“面临”，de母意为“违抗”，所以C正确。 68(D词义辨析题。treat意为“对待”，deal意为“处理”，常与介词with搭配，maneuver意为“操作”，handle意为“处理”，等同于to deal with，故选D。 69(A逻辑衔接题。which引导的定语从句修饰the way。The way作先行词时，引导词有三种用法:in which，that或省略引导词，故选A。 70(B逻辑衔接题。finance在这里作动词，与organize是并列关系，所以应用其过去分词形式，故选B。 71(A词义辨析题。Contrary to意为“和„„相反”;0pposeto，averse to，object to都意为“反对”。根据句意，医疗系统是和大众观点相反的，而不是反对大众观点，故A正确。 72(C惯用搭配题。look for意为“寻找”，look into意为“调查”，look after意为“照顾”，look over意为“检查”， 该句谈论的是私人看护，所以C正确。 73(A逻辑衔接题。which引导一个非限定性定语从句，修饰名词this huge public part of the system。非限定性定语从句不能用that引导，所以A正确。 74(B惯用搭配题。leave over意为“剩下”，leave out意为“遗漏，排除”，leave off意为“停止”，结合句意“很多美国人被排除在外”可知，B正确。 75(D介词用法题。Limit on„意为“对„„的限定”，所以D正确。 76(A惯用搭配题。control over意为“控制”，且control不与on，under和behind搭配，所以A正确。 77(D词义辨析题。boundary意为“界线，边界”，restriction意为“限制”，confinement意为“(被)限制，局限”，limit指时空、程度、量等方面的“限定，局限”，其内涵是如果超出了这种限度就会受罚或产生令人不快的后果。原句意为“不同于人们的支付能力，医生和医院的服务收费没有__________”，所以D正确。 78(A动词时态题。该句的主干是all the person can do is„，所填部分为表语，且时态为一般现在时，故选A。pay up意为“全部付清”。 79(B逻辑衔接题。本句的主语是复数概念，所以谓语动词应用复数形式，另外，因为本句说的是一般事实，所以应用一般现在时，故选B。 80(A逻辑衔接题。此处应使用know的现在分词knowin9作原因状语，其主语是doctors，与know是施动关系，故不选known，所以A正确。 81(A惯用搭配题。in general是固定搭配，意为“一般而言”，所以A正确。