论语中的成语俗语原出处

《论语》中的成语，俗语 1，犯上作乱 有子曰:其为人也孝弟，而好犯上者鲜矣;不好犯上，而好作乱者，未之有也。(《学而第一》) 2，巧言令色 子曰:巧言令色，鲜矣仁。(学而第一) 3，慎终追远 曾子曰:慎终追远，民德归厚矣。(学而第一) ，温良恭俭让 子贡曰:夫子温良恭俭让得之。 4 5，和为贵 有子曰:礼之用，和为贵。先王之道斯为美，大小由之。 6，三十而立 子曰:吾十五有志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。(为政第二) 7，温故知新 子曰:温故而知新，可以为师矣。 8，知之为知之，不知为不知 子曰:由，诲汝知之乎, 知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。 9，举直错诸枉 孔子对曰:举直错诸枉，则民服，举枉错诸直，则民不服。 10，见义勇为 子曰:非其鬼而祭之，谄也;见义不为，无勇也。 11，是可忍，孰不可忍 孔子谓季氏:八佾舞于庭，是可忍也，孰不可忍也,(八佾第三) 12，获罪于天 子曰:不然，获罪于天，无所祷也。 ，力不同科 子曰:射不主皮，为力不同科，古之道也。 13 14，既往不咎 自曰:成事不说，遂事不谏，既往不咎。 15，尽善尽美 子谓韶:尽美矣，又尽善矣。 16，朝闻道，夕死可矣 子曰:朝闻道，夕死可矣。(里仁第四) 17，见贤思齐 子月:见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。 18，父母在，不远游 子曰:父母在，不远游，游必有方。 19，德不孤，必有邻 子曰:德不孤，必有邻 20，听其言，观其行 子曰:始吾与人也，听其言而信其行，今吾与人也，听其言而观其行。(公冶长第五) 21，无欲则刚 子曰:吾未见刚者。或对曰:申枨。子曰:枨也欲,焉得刚, 22,不耻下问 子曰:敏而好学，不耻下问，是以谓之文也。 23，三思而后行 季文子三思而后行。子闻之曰:再，斯可矣。 24，中道而废 冉求曰:非不说子之道，力不足也。子曰:力不足者，中道而废，今汝画。(雍也第六) 25，文质彬彬 子曰:质胜文则野，文胜质则史，文质彬彬，然后君子。 26，敬而远之 樊迟问知。子曰:务民之义，敬鬼神而远之，可谓知矣。 27，述而不作 子曰:述而不作，信而好古，窃比我于老彭。 (述而第七) 28，学而不厌，诲人不倦 子曰:默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦，何有于我哉, 29，举一反三 子曰:不愤不启，不悱不发，举一隅不以三隅反，则不复也。 30，三月不知肉味 子在齐闻韶，三月不知肉味。曰:不图为乐之至于斯也。 31，乐在其中 子曰:饭疏食饮水，曲肱而枕之，乐亦在其中矣。不义而富且贵，于我如浮云。 32，发愤忘食 子曰:女奚不曰，其为人也，发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至。 33，三人行必有我师 子曰:三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。 1 34，君子坦荡荡 子曰:君子坦荡荡，小人常戚戚。 35，鸟之将死，其鸣也哀。人之将死，其言也善。 曾子有疾，孟敬子问之。曾子言曰:鸟之将死，其鸣也哀。人之将死，其言也善。(泰伯第八) 36，任重道远， 死而后已 曾子曰:士不可以不弘毅，任重而道远。仁以为己任，不亦重乎,死而后已，不亦远乎, 37，不在其位，不谋其政 子曰:不在其位，不谋其政 ，于斯为盛 孔子曰:才难，不其然乎,唐虞之际，于斯为盛。 38 39，多乎哉，不多也 子贡曰:固天纵之将圣，又多能也。子闻之曰:大宰知我乎～吾少也贱，故多能鄙事。君子多乎哉,不多也。(子罕第九) 40，仰之弥高， 欲罢不能 颜渊喟然叹曰:仰之弥高，钻之弥坚，瞻之在前，忽焉在后。夫子循循然善诱人，博我以文，约我以礼。欲罢不能，既竭吾才，如有所立卓尔。虽欲从之，末由也已。 41，待价而沽 子贡曰:有美玉于斯，韫椟而藏诸,求善贾而沽诸,子曰:沽之哉～沽之哉～我待贾者也。 42，何陋之有 子欲居九夷。或曰:陋，如之何～子曰:君子居之，何陋之有, 43，后生可畏 子曰:后生可畏，焉知来者之不如今也,四十，五十而无闻焉，斯亦不足畏也已。 44，三军可夺帅，匹夫不可夺志 子曰:三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也。 ，知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧 子曰:知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧 45 46，食不厌精，脍不厌细 (乡党第十) 47，未知生，焉知死 季路问事鬼神。子曰:未能事人，焉能事鬼,敢问死。曰:未知生，焉知死,(先进第十一) 48，升堂入室 子曰:由之瑟奚为于丘之门,门人不敬子路。子曰:由也升堂矣，未入于室也。 49，过犹不及 子贡问:师与商也孰贤,子曰:师也过，商也不及。曰:然则师愈与,子曰:过犹不及。 50，克己复礼 颜渊问仁。子曰:克己复礼为仁。一日克己复礼，天下归仁焉。为仁由己，而由人乎哉,(颜渊第十二) 51，己所不欲，勿施于人 仲弓问仁。子曰:出门如见大宾，使民如承大祭。己所不欲，勿施于人。在邦无怨，在家无怨。 52，生死由命，富贵在天 司马牛忧曰:人皆有兄弟，我独亡。子夏曰:商闻之矣:死生由命，富贵在天。君子敬而无失，与人恭而有礼。四海之内，皆兄弟也。君子何患无兄弟也, 53，四海之内皆兄弟 54，成人之美 子曰:君子成人之美，不成人之恶。小人反是。 55，以文会友 曾子曰:君子以文会友，以友辅仁。 56，名正言顺 子路曰:卫君待子而为政，子将奚先,子曰:必也正名乎,子路曰:有是哉，子之迂也～奚其正,子曰:野哉由也。君子于其所不知，盖阙如也。名不正，则言不顺，言不顺，则事不成。(子路第十三) 57，其身正，不令而行;其身不正，虽令不从 子曰: 其身正，不令而行;其身不正，虽令不从 58，不能正身，如何正人 2 子曰:苟正其身矣，与从政乎何有,不能正其身，如正人何, 59，一言兴邦，一言丧邦 定公问:一言而可以兴邦，有诸,孔子对曰:言不可以若是其几也。人之言曰:为君难，为臣不易。如知为君之难也，不几乎一言而兴邦乎,曰:一言而丧邦，有诸,孔子对曰:言不可以若是其几也。人之言曰:予无乐乎为君，唯其言而莫予违也。如其善而莫之违也，不亦善乎,如不善而莫之违也，不几乎一言而丧邦乎, 60，近者悦，远者来 叶公问政。子曰:近者说，远者来。 61，欲速则不达 子夏为莒父宰，问政。子曰:无欲速，无见小利。欲速，则不达，见小利，则大事不成。 62，言必信，行必果 (子)曰:言必信，行必果，KENGKENG然小人哉，亦可以为次矣。 63，和而不同 子曰:君子和而不同，小人同而不和。 64，见利思义 曰:今之成人者何必然,见利思义，见危授命，久要不忘平生之言，亦可以为成人矣。(宪问第十四) 65，言过其行 子曰:君子耻其言而过其行。 66，怨天尤人 子曰:莫我知也夫。子贡曰:何为其莫知子也,子曰:不怨天，不尤人。下学而上达。知我者其天乎～ 67，知其不可而为之 子路宿于石门。晨门曰:奚自,子路曰:自孔氏。曰:是知其不可而为之者与, 68，老而不死 原壤夷俟。子曰:幼而不孙弟，长而无述焉，老而不死，是为贼。以杖扣其胫。 69，君子固穷 子曰:君子固穷，小人穷斯滥矣。(卫灵公第十五) 70，无为而治 子曰:无为而治者，其舜也与,夫何为哉，恭己正南面而已矣。 71，失人，失言 子曰:可与之言而不与之言，失人;不可与之言而与之言，失言。知者不失人，亦不失言。 72，杀身成仁 子曰:志士仁人，无求生以害仁，有杀身以成仁。 73，工欲善其事，必先利其器 子贡问为仁。子曰:工欲善其事，必先利其器。居是邦也，事其大夫之贤者，友其士之仁者。 74，人无远虑，必有近忧 子曰:人无远虑，必有近忧 75，薄责于人 子曰:躬自厚而薄责于人，则远怨矣。 76，君子求诸己 子曰:君子求诸己，小人求诸人。 77，以言废人 子曰:君子不以言举人，不以言废人 78，小不忍则乱大谋 子曰:巧言乱德，小不忍则乱大谋。 79，当仁不让 子曰:当仁不让于师 80，有教无类 子曰:有教无类 81，道不同，不相为谋 子曰:道不同，不相为谋 82，既来之，则安之 孔子曰:......夫如是，故远人不服，则修文德以来之，既来之，则安之。(季氏第十六) 83，祸起萧墙 孔子曰:......吾恐季孙之忧，不在颛臾，而在萧墙之内也。 84，血气方刚 孔子曰:君子有三戒:少之时，血气未定，戒之在色;及其壮也，血气方刚，戒之在斗，及其老也，血气既衰，戒之在得。 85，见得思义 孔子曰:君子有九思:视思明，听思聪，色思温，貌思恭，言思忠，事思敬，疑思问，忿思难，见得思义。 3 86，性相近，习相远 子曰:性相近也，习相远也。(阳货第十七) 87，杀鸡焉用牛刀 子之武城，闻弦歌之声。夫子莞尔而笑，曰:割鸡焉用牛刀。 88，色厉内荏 子曰:色厉而内荏，譬如小人，其犹穿窬之盗也与, 89，道听途说 子曰:道听而涂说，德之弃也。 90，患得患失 子曰: 鄙夫可与事君也与哉,其未得之也，患得之;既得之，患失之。苟患失之，无所不至矣。 91，饱食终日，无所用心 子曰:饱食终日，无所用心，难矣哉～不有博弈者乎，为之犹贤乎已。 92，四体不勤，五谷不分 丈人曰:四体不勤，五谷不分，孰为夫子,(微子第十八) 93，不降其志，不辱其身 子曰:不降其志，不辱其身，伯夷，叔齐与～ 94，博学笃志，切问近思 子夏曰:博学而笃志，切问而近思，仁在其中矣。(子张第十九) 95，望之俨然 子夏曰:君子有三变:望之俨然，即之也温，听其言也厉。 96，学而优则仕 子夏曰:仕而优则学，学而优则仕。 97，威而不猛 子张曰:何谓五美, 子曰:君子惠而不废，劳而不怨，欲而不贪，泰而不骄，威而不猛。(尧曰第二十) 《论语选读》中的成语 (以下成语释义摘自新华出版社出版的《中国成语辞海》) 1不亦乐乎 《学而》 原文:有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎, 翻译:有朋友从远方来到，不也是很快乐的事情吗, 成语义:?不也是很快乐;?表示程度过甚，达到难以应付的地步;?表示情况令人满意?表示十分高兴。 2犯上作乱 《学而》 原文:不好犯上，而好作乱者，未之有也。 翻译:不喜好冒犯长辈和上级，而喜好造反作乱的人，是没有的。 成语义:?触犯上级，闹乱子;?指叛逆活动;?历代剥削阶级把人民的反抗、起义诬蔑为“犯上作乱”。 3节用爱人 《学而》 原文:道千乘之国，敬事而信，节用而爱人，使民以时。 翻译:治理拥有一千辆兵车的诸候国，要严肃慎重、专心认真办理国家的政事，以要守信用;节约财政开支，又爱护部下和人民;按照农时的季节役使人民。 成语义:节约财用，爱护百姓。 4食无求饱 《学而》 原文:君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也已。 翻译:君子吃饭不追求饱足，居住不追求享受安逸，做事勤快敏捷，说话小心谨慎，向有道德的人看齐，时时改正自己的缺点，就可以说是一个好学的人了。 成语义:吃饭不要求饱足。 5居无求安 《学而》原文:同上 成语义:指不去一心追求安适舒服的居所。 6 安贫乐道 《学而》 原文:贫而无谄，富而无骄，何如,子曰:“可也，未若贫而乐，富而好礼者也。” 翻译:贫穷却不去巴结，富贵却不骄傲自大，怎么样,孔子说:“可以了，但还不如贫穷仍快快乐乐，富裕仍爱好礼义的人。 成语义:安于清贫，乐于实践自己所信奉的思想。古代思想家所提倡的立身处世的态度。 4 7巧言令色 《学而》原文:巧言令色，鲜矣仁。翻译:花言巧语，面容和善，这种人是很少有仁德的。 成语义:原指铺张修饰没有实际的语言或文章，后多指虚假而动听的话。 8告往知来 《学而》原文:告诸往而知来者 翻译:告诉你过去的事情，你就可以知道未来要发生的事。 9慎终追远 《学而》 原文:曾子曰:“慎终，追远，民德归厚矣。” 翻译:曾子说:“要谨慎地办理好丧事，虔诚地祭祀祖先，这样人民的道德就会归复中厚老实。 成语义:慎重地办理父母的丧事，虔诚地追祭远代的祖先。 10温良恭俭让 《学而》 原文:以温、良、恭、俭、让以得之 翻译:用温和、善良、恭敬、俭朴、谦让来了解政事的。 成语义:形容态度温和，举止文雅。 11言而有信 《学而》原文:信近于义，言可复也。 翻译:讲信用，要符合于义;只有符合义的诺言才可以去实现。 成语义:说出来的话算数，有信用。 12从心所欲 《为政》原文:七十从心所欲，不逾矩。 翻译:七十岁的时候，就能达到随心所欲，想怎么做就怎么做，不会出现违背规矩。 成语义:?随自己的心意，想怎么样就怎么样;?代指人的年龄，七十岁。 13而立之年 《为政》原文:三十而立翻译:三十岁时能自立于世。 成语义:指人开始成熟。 14见义勇为 《为政》原文:非其鬼而祭之，谄也。见义不为，无勇也。 翻译:不是自己的祖先却去祭祀，那是谄媚。遇到符合义的事不去做，就是没有勇气。 成语义:见到了正义的事情就要勇敢地去做。 15 举直措枉 《为政》原文:举直错诸枉，则民服;举枉错诸直，则民不服。 翻译:选拔正直的人，安排的位置在邪恶的人之上，百姓便信服;选拔邪恶的人，安排的位置在正直的人之上，百姓就不信服了。 成语义:起用正直贤良，罢黜奸佞。 16 犬马之养 《为政》 原文:子游问孝，子曰:“今之孝者，是谓能养。至于犬马，皆能有养。不敬，何以别乎,翻译:子游问孔子怎样做是孝，孔子说:现在所谓孝顺，就是说能够奉养父母就可以了。其实这是不够的，对于狗马也能做到饲养。如果对父母只奉养而不诚心孝顺的话，那和饲养狗马没有什么区别, 成语义:比喻供养父母。 17 人而无信，不知其可 《为政》原文:人而无信，不知其可也。 翻译:人如果不讲信用，就不知道该怎么办啦。 成语义:指不讲信用是不行的。 18三十而立 《为政》 原文:吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十不惑，五十知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。 翻译:我十五岁的时候开始立志学习;三十岁时能自立于世;四十岁时遇到事情就不迷惑了;五十岁时懂得了什么是天命;六十岁时能听得进去不同的意见;到了七十岁时才能随心所欲，想怎么做，便怎么做，也不会做出违背规矩。 成语义:三十岁自立于世，开始成熟。 19 随心所欲 《为政》 原文:同上。翻译:同上。 成语义:随着自己的心意，想怎样就怎样。多含贬义。 20 温故知新 《为政》原文:温故而知新，可以为师矣。 翻译:温习旧的知识，在此基础上就会可以获得新的知识，这样就可以作老师了。 成语义:温习已学过知识有获得新的体会。也比喻回顾历史，认识现在。 5 21 一言以蔽之 《为政》原文:《诗》三百，一言以蔽之，曰:“思无邪。” 翻译:《诗经》的内容，用一句概括，就是:思想纯正，没有邪恶的内容。 成语义:用一句话来概括它。 22 异端邪说 《为政》原文:攻乎异端，斯害也已。 翻译:研读邪说，那是残害自己。 成语义:不符合正统思想的、被认为有严重危害的思想、言论。 23 周而不比 《为政》原文:君子周而不比，小人比而不周。 翻译:君子在道义上团结人，不以私利相互勾结;小人善于因私利而勾结，不能在道义上团结人。 成语义:关系亲密但不相互勾结。 24是可忍，孰不可忍《八佾》原文:孔子谓季氏，八佾舞于庭，是可忍也，孰不可忍也。 翻译:孔子谈论季氏，说他在庭院内观赏八佾之舞，这种事情如果可以容忍，还有什么不能容忍的呢, 成语义:如果这个可以容忍，那么还有什么不可以容忍。表示绝不容忍。 25 哀而不伤 《八佾》原文:《关雎》乐而不淫，哀而不伤。 翻译:《诗经》中的《关雎》篇的内容快乐而不放荡，忧愁而不悲伤。 成语义:?感情适度，悲哀而不过度伤心;?形容诗歌、音乐等含优雅哀调，却又感情适度而不过分、具有中和之美。 26 不咎既往 《八佾》原文:成事不说，遂事不谏，既往不咎。 翻译:已经完成的事情就不再说，已经做过的事情就不必再劝谏了，已经过去的事情不要再去追究责备了。 成语义:对过去的错误不再追究、责备。 27 尽善尽美 《八佾》原文:子谓《韶》:“尽美矣，又尽善也。”谓《武》:“尽美矣，未尽善也。” 翻译:孔子谈到韶乐说:“美极了，又好极了。”谈到武乐时说:“美极了，还不够好。” 成语义:形容事物达到完美无缺的境地。 28 了如指掌 《八佾》原文:或问 之说。子曰:“不知也。知其说者之于天也，其如示诸斯乎～”指其掌。 翻译:有人问孔子举行“ 祭”的由来。孔子说:“不知道。能懂这种道理的人治理天下，会像把东西摆在这里一样吧～”孔子一边说一边指着自己的手掌。 成语义:对情况清楚得就像指点掌上的东西给人看一样。比喻对事物了解得非常清楚。 29 杞宋无征 《八佾》 原文:子曰:“夏礼，吾能言之，杞不足征也;殷礼，吾能言之，宋不足征也。文献不足故也。足，则吾能征之矣。 翻译:孔子说:“夏朝的礼，我能说出来，杞国去不足以作为考证的;殷代的礼，我能说出来，宋国却不足以作为考证的证明。因为文字资料不足，熟悉夏礼、殷礼的贤人也不多。如果文献足够的话，我就能用它来作考证的证明了。 成语义:杞国、宋国没有证据可以证明。比喻事情缺乏足够的证据。 30绘事后素 《八佾》 原文:子夏问曰:“‘巧笑倩兮，美目盼兮，素以为绚兮。’何谓也,”子曰:“绘事后素。” 翻译:子夏问道:“‘美好的笑容真好看啊，美丽的眼睛黑白分明，粉嫩的脸庞着色化妆绚丽多彩好打扮啊。’是什么意思呢,”孔子说:“先有了白地子，然后才画上画。 成语义:?指先有白色的底子，才能进行彩绘。?比喻礼乐产生于仁义之后;比喻做事先从简单做起，然后逐步深入。 31朝闻夕死 《里仁》原文:朝闻道，夕死可矣。 翻译:早上明白道理，晚上死去，也是可以的。 成语义:早上听到真理，哪怕晚上死去也心甘情愿。形容对真理的渴望心情。 32 恶衣恶食 《里仁》原文:子曰:“士志于道，而耻恶衣恶食者，未足与议也。” 翻译:孔子说:“士有志于道，而又以穿的衣服不好吃的饭菜不好为耻辱，这种人是不值得与他谈论的。” 6 成语义:粗劣的衣食。形容生活俭朴。 33 观过知仁 《里仁》原文:子曰:“人之过也，各于其党。观过，斯知仁矣。” 翻译:孔子说“人犯的错误，同他那一类人是一样的。观察一个人犯的什么错误，就能知道他是哪一类人。 成语义:通过一个所犯过错的性质，就能知道他的为人。 34 见贤思齐 《里仁》原文:子曰:“见贤思齐焉，见不贤内自省也。” 翻译:孔子说:“见到圣贤的人考虑要向他看齐;看到不贤的人，就应该进行自我反省。 成语义:看到有道德、有才能的人，就想要向他学习，看齐。 35 讷言敏行 《里仁》原文:子曰:“君子欲讷于言，而敏于行。” 翻译:孔子说:“君子要谨慎地说话，而要敏捷地行动。” 成语义:语言迟缓，行动敏捷。古代儒家所奉行的一种修身之道。 36无适无莫 《里仁》原文:子曰:“君子之于天下也，无适也，无莫也，义之与比。” 翻译:孔子说:君子对于天下的事情，没有一定要做的，也没有一定不要做的，而是服从于义。 37 一以贯之 《里仁》原文:子曰:“参乎～吾道一以贯之。” 翻译:孔子说:“曾参啊～我所主张的‘道’是由一个根本的宗旨贯穿始终的。 成语义:原指孔子的忠恕之道贯穿于其整个儒家学说之中。泛指将一种理论、思想贯穿于事物的始终。 38 造次颠沛 《里仁》原文:君子无终食之间违仁，造次必于是，颠沛必于是。 翻译:君子一刻也不能违背仁德，即使是在最紧迫的时刻也必须按仁德去做，即使是在流离困顿的时候也必须按照仁德的要求去做。 成语义:指匆忙不安定。 39流离颠沛 《里仁》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:形容生活困苦而到处流浪。 40 安老怀少 《公冶长》原文:子曰:“老者安之，朋友信之，少者怀之。” 翻译:使老人们生活安定，朋友们互相信任，年轻的孩子们得到关怀和爱护。 成语义:使老年人安逸，使年少者归心。形容使人民生活安定。 41不耻下问 《公冶长》 原文:子贡问曰:“孔文子何以谓文也,”子曰:“敏而好学，不耻下问，是以谓之文也。 翻译:子贡向孔子请教:“孔文子为什么谥号叫做‘文’呢,孔子回答说:“因为他聪明而又喜欢学习，遇见比自己差的人，也肯于向他虚心求教，不以为耻辱，所以他的谥号叫做‘文’。 成语义:不以向比自己学识差或地位低的人请教为可耻。形容虚心求教。 42不念旧恶 《公冶长》原文:子曰:“伯夷、叔齐不念旧恶，怨是用希。” 翻译:孔子说:“伯夷、不记住过去的仇怨，人们对他的仇怨因此减少。 成语义:不记住或不计较别人过的错误或个人间的仇怨。 43 斐然成章 《公冶长》 原文:吾党之小子狂简，斐然成章，不知所以裁之。 翻译:我家乡的学生们，志向远大，心气骄傲，而行为粗简，文采都有较高的成就。我不知道应该怎样教导他们。 成语义:?富有文采。多形容文章的文辞生动。?形容成绩或声名显著。含褒义。 44 计过自讼 《公冶长》原文:子曰:“已矣乎～吾未见能见其过而内自讼者也。” 翻译:孔子说:“算了吧～我没有过能够看到自身的错误而从内心自责的人。” 成语义:省查自己的过错而内心自责。 45 善与人交 《公冶长》原文:子曰:“晏平仲善与人交，久而敬之。” 翻译:孔子说:“晏平仲善于同别人交往，和他相处的时间愈久别人就愈敬重他。” 成语义:善于跟别人结成朋友。 46听其言而观其行 《公冶长》 7 原文:始吾于人也，听其言而信其行，今吾于人也，听其言而观其行。 翻译:开始的时候，我对于人，是听了他说的话就相信他的行为;现在对于人我是听了他说的话，还要观察他的行为。 成语义:听了他说的话，还要观察他的行动。指看人是否言行一致。 47 闻一知十 《公冶长》原文:回也闻一以知十，赐也闻一以知二。 翻译:颜回听到一件事可以推测知道十件事，我知道一件事只能推测出两件事。 成语义:听到一点就由此此推求而知道十点。形容非常聪明。 48 朽木不雕 《公冶长》原文:宰予昼寝。子曰:“朽木不可雕也，粪土之墙不可杇也。于予与何诛, 翻译:宰予白天睡大觉。孔子说:腐朽的木头不能再雕刻什么了，粪土的墙壁不能再粉刷了。对于宰予这个人，何必再去谴责他呢,“ 成语义:?腐朽的木头不能雕刻。比喻人或事情已经到了不可救药的程度。?比喻人不堪造就。 49朽木粪土 《公冶长》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:比喻不堪造就的人或不可收拾的东西。 50 喜怒不形于色 《公冶长》 原文:子张问曰:“令尹子文三仕为令尹，无喜色;三已之，无愠色。旧令尹之政，必以告新令尹。何如,” 翻译:子张问孔子说:“令尹子文三次担任宰相，没有表现出高兴的神情;三次被罢免，也没有表现出愤怒的神色。每次罢免时一定把自己旧日的一切政令公务都告诉新任宰相。 成语义:高兴和愤怒都不表现在脸色上。指沉着而有涵养，感情不外露。 51 三思而后行 《公冶长》原文:季文子三思而后行。子闻之，曰:“再，斯可矣。” 翻译:季文子要三次考虑后才做某一件事情。孔子听说了这件事，说:“考虑两次就可以了。” 成语义:原指经过三次考虑，然后去做。后泛指经过反复考虑，然后才去做。 52 愚不可及 《公冶长》原文:宁武子，邦有道，则知;邦无道，则愚。其知可及也，其愚不可及也。 翻译:宁武子，当国家政治清明时，他就聪明;当国家昏庸无道时，他就装愚蠢。他的那种聪明，别人可以赶得上;他的那种装愚，别人可就赶不上了。 成语义:原指装傻，别人无法赶上他。后指极其愚笨。指处于不利局面善于装糊涂的人。 53博施济众 《雍也》原文:子贡曰:“如有博施于民，而能济众，何如,可谓仁乎,” 翻译:子贡说:“如果有人广泛地给人民施以好处，又能周济众人，怎么样呢,可以说是仁德吗,” 成语义:广泛地救济困苦的人。形容人广施恩惠，使人们免于患难。 54 不改其乐 《雍也》原文:一箪食，一瓢饮，在陋巷，人不堪其忧，回也不改其乐。 翻译:一竹筒粗饭，一瓢冷水，住在简陋的不巷子里，一般人都无法忍受这种困苦忧愁，颜回却不改变他的快乐。 成语义:不改变自己的快乐。指处于困苦的境况仍然很来快乐。 55 乘肥衣轻 《雍也》原文:子曰:“赤之适齐也，乘肥马，衣轻裘。 翻译:孔子说:公西华到齐国，乘坐肥马驾的车，身穿贵重的皮衣。 成语义:驾驭肥壮的马，身穿贵重的衣服。形容生活奢侈豪华。 56 从井救人 《雍也》原文:宰我问曰:“仁者，虽告之曰:‘井有仁焉。’其从之也。” 翻译:宰我问道:“有仁德的人，虽然告诉他:‘一位有仁德的人掉到井里啦。’他会跟着跳下去吗,” 成语义:跟着落下井的人下井去，以营救落井的人。比喻做好事不讲方式、不计后果没给别人带来好处而徒然损害自己。比喻冒着极大的风险去拯救别人。 57箪食瓢饮 《雍也》原文:同54 翻译:同54 成语义:一箪食，一瓢水。形容生活贫苦。 58 敬而远之 《雍也》原文:子曰:“务民之义，敬鬼神而远之，可谓知矣。” 翻译:孔子说:“专心倡导人民遵守仁义道德，尊敬鬼神，但又要远离它不要沉迷，这就可以说是聪明啦。” 成语义:尊敬他而又有所顾忌而不去接近他。既不得罪他，也不接近。 8 59乐山乐水 《雍也》 原文:子曰:“知者乐水，仁者乐山。知者动，仁者静。知者乐，仁者寿。” 翻译:孔子说:“聪明的人喜欢水，有仁德的人喜欢山。聪明的人活跃，有仁德的人长寿。” 成语义: 60 立人达人 《雍也》 原文:夫仁者，已欲立则而立人，已欲达而达人。能近取譬，可谓仁之方也已。 翻译:作为有仁德的人，自己想要立身，就要帮助别人立身;自己想要通达，也要帮助别人通达。凡事都能从切近的生活中将心比心，推已及人，可以说是实行仁的方法呀。 成语义:帮助人建立功业地位。 61 能近取譬 《雍也》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:能够就近拿自己作例子来比方别人。指推已及人，将心比心。也指能用就近的事物来做譬喻。 62 文质彬彬 《雍也》原文:子曰:“质胜文则野，文胜质则史。文质彬彬，然后君子。” 翻译:内在的质朴胜过外在的文采，就未免粗野;外在的文采胜过内在的质朴，就未免浮夸虚伪。只有把文采与质朴配合恰当，然后才能成为君子。 成语义:原形容人既文雅又朴实，后来形容人不仅文雅，而且懂礼貌。 63先难后获 《雍也》原文:仁者先难而后获，可谓仁矣。 翻译:有仁德的人，首先付出艰苦的努力，获得的结果放在后边全不计较，便可以说是‘仁’啊。 成语义:先辛苦而后收获。形容不坐享其成。 64 周贫济乏 《雍也》原文:吾闻之也，君子周急不继富。 翻译:我听说过，君子应救济急需要的人，而救济已经富裕的人。 成语义:救济帮助有急难和贫乏的人。 65浮云富贵 《述而》原文:不义而富且贵，于我如浮云。 翻译:用不义的手段得到荣华富贵，对于我来说，那些荣华富贵如同天上的云彩。 成语义:把富贵看成飘浮的云彩。比喻把金钱、地位看的很轻。 66 诲人不倦 《述而》原文:子曰:“默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦，何有于我哉,” 翻译:孔子说:“默默地记住接解的知识，学习永不满足，耐心地教导别人而不知疲倦，这些对于我有哪些呢,” 成语义:教导人不知疲倦。形容教导别耐心。 67 举一反三 《述而》原文:子曰:“不愤不启，不悱不发，举一隅不以三隅反，则不复也。” 翻译:孔子说:不到冥思苦想仍领会不了的时候，不去点拔他;不到想说却说不出来的时候，不去启发他。告诉他一点，他不能由此类推出相关三点，就不要再重复教他了。 成语义:从一件事情类推而知道许多事情。 68 乐以忘忧 《述而》 原文:子曰:“女奚不曰:‘其为人也，发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至云尔。’” 翻译:你为会么不说:“他的为人，发愤时，竟然忘记了吃饭;快乐时，就忘记了忧愁，连衰老就会到来也不知道，如此而已。 成语义:快乐的忘记了忧愁。形容非常高兴。 69乐在其中 《述而》原文:饭蔬食，饮水，曲肱而枕之，乐亦在其中矣。 翻译:吃粗食，喝冷水，弯曲着胳膊当枕头，快乐就在其中了。 成语义:快乐就在这里。 70临事而惧 《述而》 原文:子曰:“暴虎冯河，死而无悔者，吾不与也。必也临事而惧，好谋而成者也。 翻译:孔子说:“赤手空拳要和老虎搏斗，没有船要趟水过河，死了都不后悔的人，我不和他在一起。和我一起的必须是遇事小心谨慎，严肃认真，善于筹划谋略的而能争取成功的人。 9 成语义:遇到事情而有所惧怕。指遇到事谨慎处理。 71暴虎冯河 《述而》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:?空手打老虎，徒步过大河。比喻有勇无谋，冒险蛮干。?比喻果敢勇猛。 72 求仁得仁 《述而》原文:求仁而得仁，又何怨, 翻译:求仁德而得到了仁德，不有什么怨恨呢, 成语义:寻求仁德就得到仁德。比喻理想、愿望都已实现，如愿以偿。 73 三人行，必有我师 《述而》原文:子曰:“三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。” 翻译:孔子说:“三个人在一块行走，其中一定有可以作为我的老师的人。选择他们的长处，向他们学习，看到他们的缺点，就反省自己改正。 74 述而不作 《述而》原文:子曰:“述而不作，信而好古，窃比于我老彭。” 翻译:孔子说:只传述旧知识而不创作新知识，相信而且喜爱古代的文化，我把自己比作老彭。 成语义:只阐述前人的学说，自己并不创新，指没有新的见解。 75 信而好古 《述而》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:信奉并爱好古代文化。 76学而不厌 《述而》原文:同66 翻译:同66 成语义:努力学习而不满足。 77一隅三反 《述而》 原文:同67 翻译:同67 成语义:从一件事情类推而知道许多事情。即举一反三。 78饮水曲肱 《述而》原文:同69 翻译:同69 成语义:喝冷水弯曲胳膊当枕头用。比喻清心寡欲，安贫乐道的生活。 79用行舍藏 《述而》原文:子谓颜渊曰:“用之则行，舍之则藏，惟我与尔有是夫～” 翻译:孔子对颜渊说:“任用我，我就去;不任用我，就隐藏起来。只有我和你能够做到这样啊～” 成语义:被任命进就出来干一番事业，不被任用时就退隐。 80 执鞭随蹬 《述而》 原文:子曰:“富而可求也，虽执鞭之士，吾亦为之。如不可求，从吾所好。” 翻译:孔子说:“如果富贵是可以求取的，就是去当一名拿着马鞭的驭者，我也去做。如果不可以求取，我还是做我爱好的事情吧。” 成语义:手执马鞭，跟在马蹬旁边。比喻追随左右，尽心效力。 81 学如不及，犹恐失之 《泰伯》原文:子曰:“学如不及，犹恐失之。” 翻译:孔子说:“学习好像追赶什么追不上，追上了不恐怕再失去它。 成语义:学习好像追赶什么，总怕赶不上，赶上了还怕又被甩掉。形容学习勤奋，进取心强。 82 不在其位，不谋其政 《泰伯》原文:子曰:“不在其位，不谋其政。” 翻译:同成语义。 成语义:不居于某种职位，就不用去谋划有关的事务。 83 笃志好学 《泰伯》原文:子曰:“笃信好学，守死善道，危邦不入，乱邦不居。 翻译:孔子说:坚定信念，努力学习，坚守治国做人之道，有危险的国家，不要进入，有祸乱的国家，不在哪里居住。 成语义:一心一意爱好学习。 84 犯而不校 《泰伯》 原文:曾子曰:“以能问于不能，以多问于寡;有若无，实若虚;犯而不校。昔者吾友尝从事于斯矣。” 翻译:曾子说:“有才能的人向没有才能的人询问;学问多的向学问少的人询问;有才能却像没有，学问充盈却好像很空虚;被人冒犯了也不去计较。我从前的朋友曾经这样做过。 成语义:别人触犯了自己也不计较。是儒家提倡的恕道。 85 六尺之孤 《泰伯》 10 原文:曾子曰:“可以托六尺之孤，可以寄百里之命，临大节而不可夺也。君子与人,君子人也～” 翻译:曾子说:“能够把年幼的孤儿托付给他，能够把国家的命运委托给他，面临重大考验坚守气节不动摇屈服。这是和君子一样的人吗,是君子一类的人呀～” 成语义:尚未长大成年的孤儿。 86人之将死，其言也善 《泰伯》原文:曾子言曰:“鸟之将死，其鸣也哀;人之将死，其言也善。 翻译:曾子说:“将要死的时候，它鸣叫的声音是悲哀的;人将要死的时候，他说的话是善意的。 成语义:人到临死时，他说的话是善意的。形容临终嘱咐之言。 87 死而后已 《泰伯》 原文:曾子曰:“士不可以不弘毅，任重而道远。仁以为已任，不亦重乎,死而后已，不亦远乎,” 翻译:曾子说:“有仁德的人，胸怀不能不宽广，意志不能不坚强，责任重大，道路遥远。把‘仁’作为自已的任务，不也是很重要的吗,直到死了才停止，不也是很久的,” 成语义:到死才停止。指把毕生的精力全部贡献出来。常与“鞠躬尽瘁”连用。 88 战战兢兢 《泰伯》 原文:曾子有疾，召门弟子曰:“启予足，启予手～《诗》云:‘战战兢兢，如临深渊，如履薄冰。’而今而后，吾知免夫。小子～” 翻译:曾子病重，召集弟子说:“看看我的脚和手，有没有毁伤的地方。《诗经》中说:‘战战兢兢，就像站在深渊的旁边，又像走在薄冰之上。’从今以后，我知道我的身体不会毁伤了。弟子们～” 成语义:形容极端害怕而小心谨慎的样子。 89如临深渊 如履薄冰《泰伯》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:好像面对深渊，又好像走在薄冰上一样。比喻处于危险的境地，战战兢兢，提心吊胆。 90 不舍昼夜 《子罕》原文:子在川上曰:“逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜。” 翻译:孔子面对奔腾不息的流水说:“时间流逝就像这水一样，日夜不停的地奔流。” 成语义:不分白天黑夜。日夜不停。比喻夜以继日。 91待价而沽 《子罕》 原文: 子贡曰:“有美玉于斯，韫椟而藏诸,求善贾而沽诸,”子曰:“沽之哉～沽之哉～我待贾者也～” 翻译:子贡说:“有美玉在这里，是把它装在合子里藏起来呢,还是等待识货的商人卖掉呢,”孔子说:“卖掉吧～卖掉吧～我正等着识货的商人呢～” 成语义:等待高价出售。比喻某些人等有了好条件或待遇才肯出来做事。也比喻怀才待用或待时而出。 92 韫椟待价 《子罕》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:把玉藏在匣子里，等待高价出售。比喻怀才待用或怀才隐退。 93韫椟未酤 《子罕》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:藏在木子里还未出售。比喻怀才待用或怀才隐退。 94后生可畏 《子罕》 原文:子曰:“后生可畏，焉知来者之不如今也,四十、五十而无闻焉，斯亦不足畏也已。” 翻译:孔子说:“年轻人是值得敬畏的，怎么知道将业的人不如现在的人呢,但如果到了四十岁、五十岁还默默无闻，那就不值得敬畏了。” 成语义:青年人是新生力量，往往超过前辈，这是可敬畏的。 95苗而不秀 《子罕》原文:子曰:“苗而不秀者有矣夫～秀而不实者有矣夫～” 翻译:孔子说:“只出苗不长穗是有的吧～只出穗不结实是有的吧～ 成语义:?只长了禾苗，却不秀穗开花。?比喻资质聪慧而不幸早夭。?比喻自身条件虽好，却未竟其用。?比喻徒有其表，华而不实。 96喟然长叹 《子罕》 颜渊喟然叹曰:仰之弥高，钻之弥坚;瞻之在前，忽焉在后。夫子循循善诱人，博我以文，约我以礼，欲罢不能，既竭吾才。如有所立卓尔，虽欲从之，末由也已。 11 翻译:颜渊感叹地说:“老师的人格魅力，抬头仰望，越望越觉得高;努力去钻研，越钻研越觉得深;看着好像在前面，忽然双像在后面。老师善于循序渐进的诱导人，用文献典籍来丰富我的知识面，用礼节来约束我的行动，使我想停止也不能，直到用尽了我的才力。就像一个非常高大的东西立在前面，即使想跟从他，却没有途径。 成语义:因感慨而叹气。 97 仰之弥高 《子罕》原文:同上 翻译:同上 98循循善诱 《子罕》 原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:善于有步骤地引导别人学习。多形容教育得法。 99 欲罢不能 《子罕》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:想停下来也收不住。 100 卓尔不群 《子罕》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:形容才智和道德优秀卓越，超出常人。 101 博闻约礼 《子罕》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:见闻广博，用礼约束自己行为。 102岁寒知松柏 《子罕》原文:子曰:“岁寒，然后知松柏之后凋也。” 翻译:每年最冷的时节到来，才知道松树和柏树是最后凋。 成语义:比喻只有经过艰苦恶劣环境的考验，才能看出一个人的高尚精神品质。 103 知过必改 《子罕》原文:子曰:“主忠信。友不如已者。过则勿惮改。 翻译:孔子说:“做人要讲究忠诚、信用。不和不如自己的人交朋友。有错误不要害怕改正。 成语义:知道了自己的过错，就一定要改正。 104 各得其所 《子罕》原文子曰:“吾自卫反鲁，然后乐正，《雅》、《颂》各得其所。 翻译:我从国返回鲁国，然后进行乐曲整理工作，使雅归雅，颂归颂，各归于知当的位置。 成语义:每个人或事物都到了合适的安置。各自得到所需的东西。 105 衣蔽蕴袍 《子罕》原文:子曰:“衣敝缊袍，与衣狐貉者立，而不耻也，其由也与, 翻译:孔子说:“穿破旧的丝棉袍子，与穿着皮大衣的人站在一起，却不感到耻辱，只有仲由吧～ 106 侃侃而谈 《乡党》 原文:朝，与下大夫言，侃侃如也;与上大夫言，訚訚如也。君在， 如也，与与如也。 翻译:在朝廷上，与下大夫说话，刚直从容;与上大夫说话，和颜悦色;君王临朝到来，表现恭敬不安，慢步而又谨慎。 成语义:说话理直气壮、从容不迫。 107 敛声屏气 《乡党》 原文:摄齐升堂，鞠躬如也，屏气似不息者。 翻译:提起衣服的下摆向大堂上走的时候，低头躬身，憋住一口气好像停止中呼吸一样。 成语义:?降低语声和呼吸声。形容谨慎、畏惧的样子。?形容精神集中。 108食不厌精，脍不厌细 《乡党》原文:食不厌精，脍不厌细。 成语义:原指吃米不满足于舂得细，吃鱼、肉不满足于切得细。后来形容食物精细做，极其讲究。 109适可而止 《乡党》原文: 成语义:做到适当的程度就停止，不要过头。 110 春风沂水 《先进》 原文:莫春者，春服既成，冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，风乎舞土雩，咏而归。 翻译:春天的衣服已经穿好，和五六个成年人，六七个少年，去沂河洗澡，到舞雩台上吹吹风，唱着歌一路回来。 成语义:原意是大人与儿童在沂水洗个澡，在舞雩台上吹吹风。指放情自然，旷达高尚的生活乐趣。 111登堂入室 《先进》 原文:子曰:“由之瑟奚为于丘之门～”门人不敬子路。子曰:“由也升堂矣，未入于室也。” 12 翻译:孔子说:“仲由弹瑟为什么在我里弹呢,”由此弟子们不尊敬子路。孔子说:“仲由啊，在学习上已经达到‘升堂’的境界，还没有做到‘入室’。 成语义:登上厅堂，进入内屋。比喻学问和技能由浅入深，达到更高的水平。 112过犹不及 《先进》 原文:子贡问:“师与商也孰贤,”子曰:“师也过，商也不及。”曰:“然则师愈与,”子曰:“过犹不及。” 翻译:子贡问:“颛孙师和卜商谁好一些,”孔子说:“师过分，商不够够。”子贡又说:“那么师好些吗,”孔子说:“做过分了和做得不够，是同样的。” 成语义:事情做得过分，就如同做得不够一样，不合适。 113 言必有中 《先进》 原文:鲁人为府，闵子骞曰:“仍旧贯，如之何,何心改作,”子曰:“夫人不言，言必有中。” 翻译:鲁国当权者要改造长府。闵子骞说:“仍然用老样子，如何,”孔子说:“这个人不说则已，一说就是正确的。” 成语义:不说则已，一说就说到点子上。形容说话中肯。 114 一仍旧贯 《先进》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:完全按照旧例行事。 115爱之欲其生，恶之欲其死 《颜渊》 原文:子张问崇德辩惑。子曰:“主忠信，徙义，崇德也。爱之欲其生，恶之欲其死，既欲其生，又欲其死，是惑也。‘诚不以富，亦只以异’。” 翻译:子张问怎样提高品德，辨别迷惑。孔子说:“以忠诚守信为主，努力做到义，就是提高品德。喜爱一个人就想叫他活着，厌恶一个人就叫他死去，既要他活着，又要他死，这就是迷惑。‘的确不是因为不富，而是因为见异思迁。’” 成语义:喜爱他时，就想叫他活着;讨厌他时，就想叫了死掉。指凭个人爱憎待人。 116 察言观色 《颜渊》 原文:子张问:“士何如斯可谓之达矣,”子曰:“何哉，尔所谓达者,”子张对曰:“在邦必闻，在家必闻。”子曰:“是闻也，非达也。夫达也者，质直而好义，察言观色，虑以下人。在邦必达，达家必达。夫闻也者，色取仁而行违，居之不疑。在邦必闻，在家必闻。” 翻译:子张问:“士，怎么样才叫做‘达’,”孔子说:“你所说的‘达’指什么,”子张回答说:“在朝廷做官一定要有声望，为大夫做家臣一定要有名气。”孔子说:“这只是名声，而不是‘达’。所谓‘达’的人，要质朴正直，好尚礼义，善于别人的言语，观察别人的脸色，经常想着对人谦恭有礼。大朝廷做官一定‘达’做家臣也一定‘达’。至于有虚名的人，表面上好像主张仁德，行动上却违反仁德，还以仁人自居而不怀疑。这种人在朝廷与封地都要骗取虚名。 成语义:观察他人的言语和脸色，来揣摩他人的心意。 117成人之美 《颜渊》原文:君子成人之美，不成人之恶。小人反是。 翻译:君子成全别人的好事，不成全别人做坏事。小人与这相反。 成语义:成全别人的好事或实现其愿望。 118 己所不欲，勿施于人 《颜渊》原文:已所不欲，勿施于人。 翻译:同成语义。 成语义:自己不愿意做的事情，不要强加给别人。 119 浸润之谮 《颜渊》 原文:子张问明。子曰:“浸润之 ，肤受之愬，不行焉。可谓明也已矣。浸润之 ，肤受之愬，不行焉，可谓远也已矣。” 翻译:子张问什么是明白。孔子说:“像水侵蚀般的谗言，像皮肤受痛般的诬告，对你行不通，就可以说是明白了。像水侵蚀般的谗言，像皮肤受痛般的诬告对你行不通，就可以说是看得远了。” 成语义:逐渐发生作用的谗言。 13 120克己复礼 《颜渊》 原文:颜渊问仁。子曰:“克已复礼为仁，一日克已复礼，天下归仁焉。为仁由已，而由人乎哉,” 翻译:颜渊问什么是“仁”。孔子说:“克制自己，使言行符合‘礼’就是‘仁’了。有一天做到了克制自己，行为符合‘礼’，天下的人就会称赞你是仁人了。实行仁，在于自己，难道在于别人吗, 成语义:抑制自己的私欲，使言行都合于礼。 121 片言折狱 《颜渊》原文:子曰:“片言可以折狱者，其由也与～”子路无宿诺。 翻译:孔子说:“仅据很少的言语，就可以断案的，大概只有仲由吧～”子路没有过夜而不兑现的诺言。 成语义:用很少花的语言判断案件。今泛指用极简短几句话正确判别双方争论或案件中的是非曲直。 122 驷不及舌 《颜渊》原文:子贡曰:“惜乎，夫子之说君子也～驷不及舌。 翻译:子贡说:“可惜呀，夫子您好竟这样评说君子。舌头一动，话说出口，就是套上四匹马拉的车，也追不回啊。 成语义:驷马虽快，也追不上说出的话。指话一出口就难以收回。戒说话应当慎重。 123 驷马难追 《颜渊》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:比喻事实既成或话已出口，不可挽回。 124 一言既出，驷马难追 《颜渊》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:同上 125 一朝之忿 《颜渊》原文:一朝之忿，忘其身，以及其亲，非惑与, 翻译:忍心不住一时的气愤，而忘掉自身安危，甚至连累自己的父母亲的人，不就是迷惑么, 成语义:一时或偶然的气愤。 126 以文会友 《颜渊》原文:曾子曰:“君子以文会友，以友辅仁。” 翻译:曾子说:“君子用诗书礼乐来结交朋友。依靠朋友帮助来培养仁德。 成语义:通过诗文、学术活动来聚会或结交朋友。 127足食足兵 《颜渊》原文:子贡问政。子曰:“足食，足兵，民信之矣。” 翻译:子贡问怎样治理国家。孔子说:“有充足的粮食，有充足的军备，人民信任政府啊。” 成语义:粮食富足，军备齐全。 128 不知所措 《子路》原文:翻译: 成语义:不知怎么办好。形容受窘或发慌的状态。 129斗筲之器 《子路》原文:子曰:“噫～斗筲之人，何足算也～” 翻译:孔子说:“唉～这些气度狭小的卑贱之人，有什么值得一提呢,” 成语义:比喻气度狭小，见识短浅的人。亦作自谦之词。 130 父为子隐 《子路》 原文:叶公语孔子曰:“吾党有直躬者，其父攘羊而子证之。”孔子曰:“吾党之直者异于是，父为子隐，子为父隐，直在其中矣。” 翻译:叶公对孔子说:“我的家乡有个正直的人，他的交亲偷了羊，他便去告发。”孔子说:“我们家乡的正直的人和你说的不一样:父亲为儿子隐瞒，儿子为父亲隐瞒，正直的品德就在其中了。” 成语义:父亲为儿子隐瞒劣迹。 131 刚毅木讷 《子路》原文:子曰:“刚、勇、木、讷，近仁。” 翻译:孔子说:刚直、勇敢、质朴老实，语言谨慎，接近于仁。 成语义:刚直果断，朴实慎重。 132 和而不同 《子路》原文:君子和而不同，小人同而不和。 翻译:君子，讲求和谐而不盲从附和;小人，同流合污而不能和谐。 成语义:虽然与人和睦相处，但不盲从附和。 133近悦远来 《子路》原文:叶公问政。子曰:“近者说，远者来。” 翻译:叶公问怎样为政。孔子说:“使近处的人感到喜悦，远处的人民来投奔归附。” 成语义:邻近的人由于受到恩惠而喜悦，远方的人也闻风赶来归附。 14 134 胜残去杀 《子路》原文:子曰:“善人为邦百年，亦可以胜残去杀矣。诚哉是言也～” 翻译:孔子说:“善人治理国家一百年，也就可以克服残暴、免去刑杀了。真对啊，这话。” 成语义:制服残暴，免除虐杀。指以德教化人，使凶狠残暴的人改恶从善，因而可以不用刑杀。 135言必信，行必果 《子路》 原文:曰:“言必行，行必果。 然小人哉，抑亦可以为次矣。” 翻译:孔子说:“说话不要守信用，行动一定坚决果断。虽然这样做是浅薄固执的小人，不也可以作为次一等的了。 成语义:说话一定要守信用，行动一定要坚决果断。 136欲速则不达 《子路》 原文:子夏为莒父宰，问政。子曰:“无欲速，无见小利。欲速则不达，见小利则大事不成。 翻译:子夏到莒父当地方长官，问怎样为政。孔子说:“不要求速成，不要贪小利。想求速成，反而达不到目的;贪图小利，就做不成大事。 成语义:做事只想快速，目的反而达不到。指急于求成，反而无法把事情办好。 137 名正言顺 《子路》 原文: 名不正则言不顺，言不顺则事不成，事不成则礼乐不兴，礼乐不兴则刑罚不中，刑罚不中则民无所错手足。故君子名这必可言也，言之必可行也。君子于其言，无所苟而已矣。 翻译:如果名分不正，言语就不顺;言语不顺，事情就办不成;事情办不成，国家的礼乐就不能兴建起来;礼乐制度兴建不起来，刑罚的执行就不会恰当;刑罚执行不恰当，人民就手足失措。所以，君子确定名分必须可以说得清楚有理，说了他一定可以行得通。君子对对自己所说的话，只是不草率马虎罢了。 成语义:原指是名分不正，道理就讲不通。后指做事名义正当，道理也说得通。也指做事理由正当而充分，含有理直气壮的意思。 138 一言兴邦 《子路》 原文:定公问:“一言而可以兴邦，有诸,”孔子对曰:“言不可以若是，其几也，人之言曰:‘为君难，为臣不易。’如知为君之难也，不几乎一言而兴邦乎,”曰:“一言而丧邦，有诸,”孔子对曰:“言不可以若是，其几也，人之言曰:‘予无乐乎为君，唯其言而莫予违也。’如其善而莫之违也，不亦善乎,如不善而莫之违也，不几乎一言面丧邦乎,” 翻译:鲁定公问:“一句话就可以使国家兴盛，有这样的话吗,”孔子回答说:“话不可以讲得像这样肯定，但有与这接近的，有人说:‘做君主难，做臣也不容易。’如果知道做君主难，这岂不接近于‘一句话就可以使国家兴盛’吗,”鲁定公说:“一句话就可以使国家丧失，有这样的话吗,”孔子回答说:“话不可以讲得像这样肯定，但有与这接近的，有人说:“我做君主并没有什么可高兴的，只是高兴我说的话没有人违抗。‘如果君主说的话正确，而没有人违抗，不也是很好吗,如果说话不正确，而没有人违抗，这岂不接近于‘一句话就可以使国家丧失’吗, 成语义:一句话就可以使国家兴旺发达。 139一言丧邦 《子路》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:一句话导致国家沦亡。旧时戒人出言慎重。 140 求备一人 《子路》 原文:子曰:“君子易事而难说也。说之不以道，不说也。及其使人也，器之。小人难事而易说也。说之虽不以道，说也。及其使人也，求备焉。” 翻译:孔子说:“给君子做事容易，去难以讨他的喜欢。不以正道去讨他喜欢，他是不喜欢的。而到他使用人的时候，对人却能按才的大小合理使用他。给小人做事很困难，却容易讨他喜欢。即使不用正道去讨他的喜欢，他也会喜欢的。而到他使用人的时候，对人就求全责备。 成语义:要求人完美无缺。比喻对人苛求的非常过分。 141 求全责备 《子路》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:对人对事要求完美无缺。 15 142 大言不惭 《宪问》原文:其言之不怍，则为之也难。 翻译:一个人大言不惭，那么实际去做就困难了。 成语义:说大话不知知道害羞。 143 见利思义 《宪问》原文:见利思义，见危授命，久要不忘平生之言，亦可以为成人矣。 翻译:见到财利时要想到道义，遇到危难时而愿意付出生命，长久处于穷困的境遇也不能忘记平日的诺言，也就可以成为一个完美的人了。 144见危授命 《宪问》 145临危授命 《宪问》 原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:在危难之际接受任命。 146 谲而不正 《宪问》原文:晋文公谲而不正，齐桓公正而不谲。 翻译:晋文公诡诈不正派，齐桓公正而不诡诈。 成语义:诡诈而不正派。 147 危言危行 《宪问》原文:子曰:“邦有道，危言危行，邦无道，危行言孙。 翻译:孔子说:国家有道，说话要正直，行为要正直;国家无道，行为仍要正直，说话要随和顺从。 成语义:讲正直话，做正直事。 148以德报怨 《宪问》原文:或曰:“以德报怨何如,子曰:“何以报德,以直报怨，以德报德。 翻译:有的人说:“用恩德来报答仇怨，如何呢,”孔子说:“ 用什么来报答恩德呢,以公平无私来对待仇怨，用恩德来报答恩德。 成语义:用恩惠报答仇恨。形容对人宽容，不仅不记仇，反而给他好处。 149 以直报怨 《宪问》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:用公正报答仇恨。 150以德报德 《宪问》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:拿恩惠来报答恩惠。指把恩惠施予对已有恩的人。 151 怨天尤人 《宪问》原文:子曰:“不怨天，不尤人，下学而上达。知我者其天乎～” 翻译:孔子说:“我不埋怨天，也不责备人，下学人事，上达天命。了解我的人大概只有天吧～” 成语义:怨恨命运，埋怨别人。形容对不如意的事情一味归咎于客观。 152 一匡天下 《宪问》原文:子曰:“管仲相桓公，霸诸候，一匡天下，民到于今受其赐。 翻译:孔子说:“管仲辅佐桓公，在诸侯中称霸，匡正了天下，百姓到现在还到他的恩惠。 成语义:纠正混乱局面，使天下纳入正轨。引申为统一天下。 153 不在其位，不谋其政 《宪问》原文:子曰:“不在其位，不谋其政。”曾子曰:“君子思不出其位。” 翻译:孔子说:“不在那个职位上，就不过问那方面的事情。”曾子说:“君子考虑问题，不超出他的职位范围。 成语义:不居于某种位置，就不用谋划来关事务。 154言过其行 《宪问》原文:君子耻其言而过其行。 翻译:君子以说的多做得少为可耻。 155 言过其实 《宪问》 成语义:原意是言语浮夸，超过他的实际能力。现在指说话夸张，同实际不符。 156 深厉浅揭 《宪问》原文:深则厉，浅则揭。翻译:同成语义 成语义:遇到深水就穿着单衣下水膛过去，遇到浅水就撩起衣服膛过去。泛指涉水过河，也比喻做事要因时因地制宜。 157 不相为谋 《卫灵公》原文:子曰:“道不同，不相为谋。” 翻译:孔子说:“主张不同，不能相互谋划。”成语义: 158 不以人废言 《卫灵公》子曰:“君子不以言举人，不以人废言。” 翻译:孔子说:“君子不仅根据言语推荐人，也不因某个有缺点错误而废弃他的言论。” 16 159 成仁取义 《卫灵公》原文:志士仁人，无求生以害仁，有杀身以成仁。 翻译:孔子说:“有志之士，仁义之人，不能为求得保住生命而损害仁，而应为做到仁献出生命。 成语义: 160 当仁不让 《卫灵公》原文:子曰:“当仁不让于师。” 翻译:孔子说:“面对着合于仁德的事，即使是老师也不必谦让。 162 群而不党 《卫灵公》原文:子曰:“君子矜而不争，群而不党。” 翻译:孔子说:君子庄重矜持而不同别人争执，合群而不结党营私。 163 人无远虑，必有近忧 《卫灵公》原文:子曰:“人无远虑，必有近忧。” 翻译:孔子说:“人没有对将来的考虑，必定有近在眼前的忧患。 164 推己及人 《卫灵公》原文: 167 无为而治 《卫灵公》原文:子曰:“无为而治者，其舜也与,夫何为哉,恭已正南面而已矣。” 翻译:孔子说:好像无所作为而使天下得到治理的，大概只有虞舜吧,他做了些什么呢,他只是恭敬郑重地脸朝南面坐着而已。 168 小不忍则乱大谋 《卫灵公》原文:子曰:“巧言乱德。小不忍则乱大谋。” 翻译:孔子说:花言巧语会败坏道德。小事上不能忍耐就会坏了大事。 169 有教无类 《卫灵公》原文:子曰:“有教无类。” 翻译:孔子说:“对谁都进行教育，不分贫富、贤愚类别。 170直道而行 《卫灵公》原文: 171 志士仁人 《卫灵公》 172众好众恶 《卫灵公》 173工欲善其事，必先利其器 《卫灵公》 原文:子贡问为仁，子曰:“工欲善其事，必先利其器。居是邦也，事其大夫之贤者，友其士之仁者。 翻译:子贡问怎样实行仁德。孔子说:“工匠要把活儿干得好，必须先把工具弄得精良合用。住在一个国家，就要事奉大夫中有贤行德的人，与士中有仁德的人交朋友。 成语义: 174 言不及义 《卫灵公》原文:子曰:“群居终日，言不及义，好行小惠，难矣哉～” 翻译:孔子说:“整天聚集在一起，说的话从不及义理，还喜欢给人小恩惠，对这种人真难以教育呀～” 成语义:所说的话没有一句说到正经的道理或事情。指不说正经话，尽说些无聊的话。 175好行小惠 《卫灵公》原文:同上翻译:同上 成语义:喜欢给人一些小恩惠。 176 己所不欲，勿施于人 《卫灵公》 子贡问曰:“有一言可以终身行之者乎,”子曰:“其‘恕’乎～已所不欲，勿施于人。” 翻译:子贡问道:“有一句可以终身奉行的话吗,”孔子说:“大概是‘恕’吧～自己不愿意做的，不要让别人去做。 成语义:自己不愿做的事情，不要强加给别人。 177 陈力就列 《季氏》原文:周任有言曰:“陈力就列，不能者止。” 翻译:周任有句话说:“能够施展自己的才华，就担任一定的职务，如果不能，就该辞职。 成语义:依据自己的才能担当一定的职务，各就其职位尽力。 178持危扶颠 《季氏》原文:危而不持，颠而不扶，则将焉用彼相矣, 翻译:遇到危险却不扶持，摔倒了却不搀扶起来，那么用你辅佐什么呢, 成语义:扶助将要倾倒的。比喻扶持大局。 179 分崩离析 《季氏》 原文:今由与求也，相夫子，远人不服，而不能来也;邦分崩离析，而不能守也;而谋动干戈于邦内。 翻译:现在仲由和冉有你们二人辅佐季氏，远处的人不归服，而不能使他们来归服;国家四分五裂，而不 17 能保全;反而计划在国内使用武力。 成语义: 形容国家或集团分裂瓦解，不可收拾。 180既来之，则安之 《季氏》原文:夫如是，故远人不服，则修文德以来之。既来之，则安之。 翻译:如果这样做了，远方的人还不归服，就用礼乐道德来教化他们，使他们来。既然来了，就应该使他安定下来。 181 过庭之训 《季氏》 成语义:指父亲对子女教导。 182开柙出虎 《季氏》原文:虎兕出于柙，龟玉毁于椟中，是谁之过与, 翻译:老虎一犀牛从笼子里跑出来，龟甲和祭祀玉器在木盒中毁坏，这是谁的过错呢, 成语义:原指看管虎的人未尽责任。后也用来比喻放纵坏人。 183祸起萧墙 《季氏》原文:同上 翻译:同上 成语义:祸害从内部发生。 184 困而不学 《季氏》 原文:孔子曰:“生而知之者，上也;学而知之者，次也;困而学之，又其次也;困而不学，民斯为下矣。 翻译:孔子说:“生下来就懂得知识的人，是上等;经过学习而懂得知识的人是次一等;遇到困惑然后学习的人，是再次一等;遇到困难还不学习的人，就是下等了。 成语义:遇到困惑而又不学习。指基础很差而又不爱学习。 185 直谅多闻 《季氏》 原文:孔子曰:“益者三友，损者三友。友直，友谅，友多闻，益矣。友便辟，友善柔，友便佞，损矣。” 翻译:孔子说:“有益的朋友有三种，有害的朋友也有三种。与正直的人交友，与诚信的人交友，与见闻学识广博的人交友，是有益的。与歪门邪道的人交友，与善于阿谀奉承的人交友，与习惯于花言巧语的人交友，是有害的。” 成语义:为人正直，守信用，而且见识广博。 186 道听途说 《阳货》原文:道听而涂说，德之弃也。 翻译:听到传闻而不加分析就任意传播，这是抛弃仁德。 成语义:在路上听说，在路上传播。也指在路上听来的辗转流传的话。现用来指没有根据的传闻。 187割鸡焉用牛刀 《阳货》原文:子之武城，闻弦歌之声。夫子莞尔而笑，曰:“割鸡焉用牛刀,” 翻译:孔子到了武城，听见弹琴唱歌的声音。孔子微笑，说:“杀鸡何必用上宰牛的刀。” 成语义:杀鸡何必用宰牛的刀。比喻做小事不必用大的力量去做。 189怀宝迷邦 《阳货》原文:曰:“怀其宝而迷其邦，可谓仁乎,” 翻译:孔子说:“把自己的宝物藏在怀里，而听任国家迷乱，这样做可以称为仁吗,” 成语义:一个人有才德，却听任国家迷乱。指有才德的人不出来为国家效力。 190 患得患失 《阳货》 原文:子曰:“鄙夫可与事君也与哉,其未得之也，患行之。既得之，患失之。苟患失之，无所不至矣。” 翻译:孔子说:“与品德低下的人能一块事奉国君吗,他没有得到官位富贵时，就怕得不到。已经得到了，又怕失掉。假如害怕失掉官位与富贵，那就什么事都能做得出来。 成语义:生怕得不到，得到之后又担心失掉。形容老是考虑个人的利害得失。 191 磨而不磷，涅而不缁 《阳货》 成语义:最坚硬的东西磨也磨不薄;最白的东西染也染不黑。喻道德高尚失不会被污浊环境所影响而变坏。 192色厉内荏 《阳货》原文:子曰:“色厉而内荏，譬诸小人，其犹穿窬之盗也与～” 翻译:孔子说:“外表神色严厉而内心怯懦，以小人作比喻，就像是挖墙洞爬墙头行窃的盗贼吧～” 成语义:外表强硬，但内心却软弱空虚。 193 时不我与 《阳货》原文: 成语义:时光不会等待我。多用以慨叹时光逝，不可挽回。 18 194无所不至 《阳货》原文:同194 翻译:同194 成语义:?原指没有到不了的地方。后也指什么坏事都做。含贬义?应做到的都做到了。形容周到、完备。 195面墙而立 《阳货》原文:人而不为《周南》《召南》，其犹正墙面而立也与～ 翻译:人如果不学习《周南》《召南》，就如同面对墙壁站着一样。 成语义:脸对着墙站着，什么也看不见。比喻不学习、不实践。 196四体不勤，五谷不分 《微子》原文:丈人曰:“四体不勤，五谷不分，孰为夫子,” 翻译:老人说:“你们四肢不劳动，五谷分不清，谁知道哪个是你的老师呢,” 成语义:不参加劳动，分不清五谷。后泛用以形容脱离劳动和脱离劳动的人。 197枉道事人 《微子》原文:枉道而事人，何必去父母之邦, 翻译:如果不正直地事奉人君，何必要离开父母所在的祖国呢, 成语义:原指不用正道侍奉国君。后指用不正当手法取悦于人。 198 无人问津 《微子》 原文:长沮、桀溺耦而耕，孔子过之，使子路问津焉。长沮曰:“夫执舆者为谁,”子路曰:“为孔丘。”曰:“是鲁孔丘与,”曰:“是也。”曰:“是知津矣。” 翻译:长沮、桀溺一起耕田，孔子经过那里，让子路去打听渡口。长沮说:“那驾马车的人是谁,子路说:“是孔子。”长沮说:“是鲁国的孔子吗,”子路说:“是的。”长沮说:“那他自己应该知道渡口在哪里。” 成语义:没有人寻问渡口。比喻无人过问，受到冷落。也比喻无人探索、尝试。 199门墙桃李 《子张》 原文:叔孙武叔语大夫于朝曰:“子贡贤于仲尼。”子服景伯以告子贡。子贡曰:“譬之宫墙，赐之墙及肩，窥见室家之好。夫子之墙数仞，不得其门而入，不见宗庙之美，百官之富。得其门者或寡矣。夫子之云，不亦宜乎～” 翻译:叔孙武叔在朝廷上对大夫们说:“子贡比孔子贤明。”子服景伯把这件事情告诉了子贡。子贡说:“用房舍的围墙作个比喻吧，我的围墙，只到肩膀高，人们都能看见房屋的美好。我老师的围墙有几丈高，找不到门，无法进去，看不到宗庙的美好和各个房舍的丰富多彩。能找到门进去的人还很少呢。他那样说不也是很自然的吗～” 成语义:尊称他培养出的学生。 200文过饰非 《子张》原文:子夏曰:“小人之过也必文。”翻译:子夏说:“小人的过错必定要掩饰。” 成语义:用虚伪的言辞来掩饰错误。 201 有始有终 《子张》 成语义:指人做事能坚持到底。 202见危授命 《子张》原文:子张曰:“士见危致命，见得思义，祭思敬，丧思哀，其可已矣。” 翻译:子张说:“一个有仁德的人，遇见国家危难，能献出自己的生命;遇见有利可图的事情，考虑是否合乎义;祭祀时，能想到恭敬严肃;临丧时，能想到悲哀。这样做就行了。 成语义:危难之时，不惜献出生命。 203文武之道 一张一弛《子张》原文:子贡曰:“文武之道，未坠于，在人。 翻译:子贡说:“周文王、周武王的仁德并没有失传，还有人能记得。 成语义:原指周文王笔周武王治理国家像用弓一样，有拉紧的时候，有放松的时候。现在泛指指工作或生活，要有紧有松，合理调节。 204 不自量力 《子张》原文:人虽欲自绝，其何伤于日月乎,多见其不知量也。 翻译:有人虽然想自绝于日月，对日月有什么损伤呢,只是看出这种人不自量力呀。 成语义:不能正确地估计自己的力量。指过高估计自己的力量，做自己力所不能及的事情。 205不教而诛 《尧曰》 原文:子曰:“不教而杀谓之虐;不戒视成谓之暴;慢令致期谓之贼;犹之与人也，出纳之吝谓之有司。 翻译:孔子说:“事先不进行教育，就杀，是虐;事先不告诉要求做事成功，是暴;下达命令较晚却要求 19 短期完成，是贼;给人东西，拿出手时很吝啬，是有司。 成语义:事先不加教育，一犯错或犯法就惩罚或杀戮。 206存亡绝继《尧曰》原文:兴灭国，继绝世，举逸民，天下之民归心焉。 翻译:使灭亡的国家复兴，使断绝的世族得以接继，使不被遗忘的人才得以举荐，天下的百姓就会归服。 成语义:或是继续生存，或是灭亡。形容局势万分危急。 207惠而不费 《尧曰》原文:子张曰:“何谓惠而不费,” 翻译:子张说:“怎样才能使老百姓得到好处，自己去无损耗。 成语义:给人好处，自己也无损耗。 208 望而生畏 《尧曰》 原文:君子正其衣冠，尊其瞻视，俨然人望而畏之，斯不亦威而不猛乎, 翻译:君子衣冠整齐，目光神情郑重严肃，使人望而敬畏，这不就是庄重威严而不凶猛吗, 成语义:看见了就害怕。 209 天下归心 《尧曰》原文:同207 翻译:同207 成语义:形容天下老百姓心悦诚服。 《论语》名句 子曰:「学而时习之，不亦说乎,有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎,人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎,」 1、孔子说:「学习修养自己和福国利民的学问，又能够适时地实行，岂不是很令人欣喜吗,有志同道合的朋友从远方来，岂不是很快乐吗,当自己的道德学问有成就时，即使旁人不知道，心里也没有丝毫怨恨，这不正是一个君子的风范吗, 曾子曰:「吾日三省吾身:为人谋，而不忠乎,与朋友交，而不信乎,传，不习乎,」 2、曾子说:「我每天常三次反省我自己:我替人策划事情，有没有尽心,和朋友相交，有没有不诚信的地方,我所传授的学业，有没有不纯熟的地方,」 子曰:「不患人之不己知，患不知人也。」 3 孔子说:「不必忧虑别人不知道我，应该忧虑我不能了解别人。」 子曰:「吾十有五而志于学，三十而立;四十而不惑;五十而知天命;六十而耳顺;七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。」 4 子说:「我十五岁时立志求学，三十岁时能运用所学的道理，以立身行事;四十岁时能通达一切事理，没有疑惑，不为邪说所动摇;五十岁时能知道什么是天命;六十岁时凡所听到的都能明白贯通，心里不再有起伏不平;七十岁时能随顺心里所想的去做，一切自然，随缘自在，却不会逾越规矩法度。」 子曰:「温故而知新，可以为师矣。」 5 孔子说:「能从温习旧知当中，领悟出新的道理来，就可以为人师表了。」 ※教学合一，温故必求知新，能学然后能教。) 子曰:「学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。」 6 孔子说:「勤求学问而不用心思考，还是不能明白究竟，仅是空想而不肯勤学，变成疑不能解，危不能安，是靠不住的。」 ※学而不思，不深辨其真意所在，必致迷惘无所得。思而不学，则事无验证，疑不能解，将危殆不安。故『学与思』当齐修并进，不可偏废，仅学不思，容易迷失自己。仅思不学，亦是把自己封闭孤立了。 子曰:「孔子说:「由，诲女知之乎～知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。」 7 孔子说:「仲由啊～我教你『知』的道理吧～你知道的就说知道，不知道的就说不知道，这才是真正的知道。」 子曰:「君子喻于义，小人喻于利。」 8 孔子说:「君子只晓得义，小人只晓得利。」 子曰:「见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。」 20 9 孔子说:「遇见贤人，就想跟他学习向他看齐;遇见不贤的人，要能够反省自己，有没有同样的毛病。」 子曰:「君子欲讷于言，而敏于行。」 10 孔子说:「君子对自己想要说的话，相当慎重，显露出有点迟钝的样子，做起事来却十分勤快敏捷。」 子贡问曰:「孔文子，何以谓之文也,」子曰:「敏而好学，不耻下问，是以谓之文也。」 11 子贡问老师:「孔文子这个人何以能追『谥』为文呀～」孔子说:「他做事勤敏又好学，不以向地位比他低的人请教，为羞耻的事，这就值得称为『文』了。」(或向才学不如自己的人请教) 子曰:「知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。」 12 孔子说:「知道它如何，不如喜好它，喜好他不如参与他，乐在其中。」 ※譬如食;知之不如食之，食之不如饱之。 子曰:「智者乐水，仁者乐山。智者动，仁者静。智者乐，仁者寿。」 13 孔子说:「智者喜好水，仁者喜好山。智者常动，仁者常静。智者常乐，仁者长寿。」 ※水性活泼流通无滞碍，智者相似故乐之。山性安稳厚重，万物生于其中，仁者性与之合，故乐之。 子曰:「夫仁者，己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人。能近取譬，可谓仁之方也已。」 14 孔子说:「一个有仁德的人，存心善良胸襟广阔，常思推己及人，只要自己想自立，就会想到帮助别人自立，只要自己想通达，就会想到要帮助别人也通达。能就近取自身做比喻，将心比心，可以说是行仁的路径与方法了。」 ※能如此，不但是己所不欲，勿施于人，更做到:己之所欲，施之于人。所谓兼善天下是也。 子曰:「默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦，何有于我哉,」 15 孔子说:「不多说，只默记在心，勤学不厌烦，教人不疲倦，这三件事对我有何困难呢,」 子曰:「不愤不启，不悱不发，举一隅不以三隅反，则不复也。」 16 孔子说:「不是发愤图强要研究学问，我是不会去开导的，不是有话想说，却难以表达的人，我是不会去启发的，不能举一反三的人，我是不会重复教的。」 ※本章重在启发，勉励学者自动自发。 子曰:「三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。」 17 孔子说:「三人同行，必定有我可以学习效法的地方～选择其中好的，来跟他学习，对于不好的，如果我也有就改正之。」 子曰:「君子坦荡荡，小人常戚戚。」 18 孔子说:「君子心胸宽广，光明正大，因此坦然自在;小人自私自利，患得患失所以常怀忧惧。」 诗云:「战战兢兢，如临深渊，如履薄冰。」 19 《诗经?小雅篇》说:「要小心呀～要谨慎～好象站在深渊旁边，好象踏在薄冰之上，不能有一丝一毫的疏忽。」 ※诸葛武侯一生唯『谨』，因为一失足成千古恨，再回头已是百年身。 曾子曰:「士不可以不弘毅，任重而道远。仁以为己任，不亦重乎～死而后已，不亦远乎～」 20 曾子说:「读书人心胸不可以不宽大，志气不可以不坚强，因为他要担负重责大任，而且要走很远的路。他以行『仁道』于天下为己任，这个责任是不是很重大，至死方休，这段路程是不是很远呢,」 颜渊喟然叹曰:「仰之弥高，钻之弥坚，瞻之在前，忽焉在后～夫子循循然善诱人。」 21 颜渊长叹说:「夫子之道，我越仰慕它，越觉得它崇高，越钻研它，越觉得它坚实，一下子看它在前面，一下子又像在后面，老师循序渐进，一步一步的诱导，真是善于教导啊～」 子在川上曰:「逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜。」 22 孔子在河川上说:「过去的就像流水一样，昼夜不停地流，一去不复返。」 ※长江后浪推前浪，岁月不待人，及时当努力。 子曰:「三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也。」 23 孔子说:「三军虽众，其统帅仍有被劫夺的可能，匹夫一人虽小，若能立志，谁也夺不成。」 子曰:「岁寒，然后知松柏之后雕也。」 21 24 孔子说:「要到天气寒冷的时候，才能知道松树与柏树，依然保持青翠不雕谢。」 ※ 所谓『乱世知人心，板荡识忠臣。』 子曰:「智者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧。」 25 孔子说:「有智能的人，心无疑惑;有仁德的人，心无忧愁;有勇气的人，心无恐惧。」 ※智者明理，因为通达一切事理，处事清楚明白故不惑;仁者悲天悯人，无私无我，没有敌人，故不忧;勇者见义勇为，直道而行，故不惧。 子曰:「己所不欲，勿施于人。」 26 孔子说:「自己所不想要的，不要加在别人身上。」 ※要设身处地为他人着想。 子曰:「君子成人之美，不成人之恶;小人反是。」 27 孔子说:「君子成全他人的好事，不成全他人的坏事;小人刚好相反。」 ※君子小人存心不同，所好亦异。君子量大，故成人之美;小人气量狭窄，嫉妒心作祟，见不得人好，故反是～ 子曰:「名不正，则言不顺;言不顺，则事不成;事不成，则礼乐不兴;礼乐不兴，则刑罚不中;刑罚不中，则民无所措手足。」 28 孔子说:「名份不正当，就无法说得顺理(理不直则气不壮);说话不能顺理(顺口)，做起来就不容易成功;做不成事，礼乐的教化就不能兴盛;礼乐的教化不兴，单用刑罚，法律刑罚也不能用得恰当;法律刑罚用得不恰当，人民就会手足无措，不知如何是好了。」 子曰:「其身正，不令而行;其身不正，虽令不从。」 29 孔子说:「领导者本身正直没有偏差，就是不下命令，事情也能行得通;倘若自己都作不好，就是有命令，人民也不肯听从。」 ※这就是正人须先正己的道理。 子曰:「君子和而不同，小人同而不和。」 30 孔子说:「君子能与大众和谐相处，但并不同流合污，小人只是曲从私党，同流合污，而不能与大众和谐相处。」 子曰:「君子泰而不骄，小人骄而不泰。」 31 孔子说:「君子心地坦然光明正大，所以坦然自在而不骄傲，小人骄傲却无法坦然自在。」 子曰:「不患人之不己知，患其不能也。」 32 孔子说:「不要忧虑别人不了解自己，应该忧虑自己没有才能。」 子曰:「工欲善其事，必先利其器。」 33 孔子说:「工匠要做好他的事，必定先磨利他的工具。」 子曰:「君子不以言举人，不以人废言。」 34 孔子说:「君子不会因为一个人的言论，就推荐他，也不会因为一个人的行为有过失，就连他的言论也不理。」 ※「有言不一定有德。无德亦可以有言。」妙哉～ 子曰:「道不同，不相为谋。」 35 孔子说:「各人志气行业不相同，就无法相互策划考量了。」 子贡曰:「君子之过也，如日月之食焉。过也，人皆见之;更也，人皆仰之。」 36 子贡说:「君子有过失时，好象日蚀月蚀一般。他犯的过，人人皆得见之;当他改过时，人人又恢复仰望崇敬之心。」 ※过而能改，善莫大焉～ 22 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen 23 party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations 24 repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth 25 Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political 26 Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision 27 of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and 28 to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on 29 a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a 30 total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > 31 real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years 32 implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, 33 exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should 34 be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective 35 convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts 36 of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application 37 of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation 38 made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give 39 expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental 40 organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post 41 processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in 42 the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in 43 the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management 44 of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, 45 around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one 46 size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are 47 relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < 48 new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform 49 comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation 50 of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 51 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily 52 blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres 53 should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection 54 with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace 55 with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of 56 the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline 57 must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be 58 held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations. 59