成人高考英语模拟试卷

成人英语模拟 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 2005年成人高考英语模拟试卷 一.语音知识,共5小题，每题1。5分，共7。5分, 在下列每组单词中， 有一个单词的划线部分与其它单词的划线部分的读音不同。找出这个词。 ( ) ,. A. knowledge B. snow C. own D. low ( ) 2. A. hear B. ear C. heard D. dear cheap B. children C. reach D. machine ( ) 3. A. ( ) 4. A. walked B. heated C. stopped D. passed ( ) 5. A. any B. matter C. happy D. carry 二. 词汇与语法知识(共15小题,每题1.5分,共22.5分) 6.Sandy could do nothing but ___ to his teacher that he was wrong. A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit 7.The person ___ of the factory has ___ ill since last week. A. in charge, been B. in the charge, fallen C. taking charge, fallen D. in charge, fell 8.The boy was so ___ about the pandas in the zoo that he stayed there the whole afternoon. A. nervous B. eager C. anxious D. curious 9.Please ___ up this chair for me. It’s really comfortable to sit on. A. put B. hand C. fix D. shut 10. She was frightened and, ___ what was wrong with him, at once rang up the doctor. A. knowing not B. not know C. didn’t know D. not knowing 11. Readers can ______ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each . A. get over B. get along C. get in D. get through 12.___ we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided. A. That B. If C. Whether D. Where 13.All ___ is needed is a supply of oil. A. the thing B. which C. what D. that 14.. How long ___ to finish the work? A. you’ll take B. will take you C. you’ll take it I D. will it take you 15. He thanked me for what my son _____ . A. did B. had done C. does D. has done 16. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she ____. A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving 17. The story ______, and everybody knows about it. A has got round B got round C was got round D has been got round 18. In China,,,,bicycle is,,,popular means of transportation(交通)( A(a; 不填 B(the; a C(the; the D(a; the 19(The price of vegetables is,,,,,than before( A(much cheaper B(still dearer C(even higher D(a lot more expensive 20. —— How about the price of these refrigerators? —— They’re equal in price to, if not cheaper than,,,, at the other stores. A. others B. it C. that D. the ones 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 三.完形填空,共20小题,每小题1,5分，满分30分, The Middleton Bank was robbed，and Detective Paul Nichols was sent for(The bank 21 said，“The robber had a long and ugly 22 on his right cheek(”It happened that the man came into the bank and stood in line with the other customers(When he reached the window，however，he 23 the bank clerk a piece of paper，saying，“Do not say anything or 24 anything(I have a gun and will use it if I have to(Put four thousand dollars in a(an) 25 and hand it to me(”Realizing he was not joking，the bank clerk did exactly as the robber wished(The man walked out of the bank， and no one realized what had happened，not even the lady standing behind him( A thorough search was made， 26 no such a person with an ugly scar was 27 ( “I can't understand how he could get 28 so rapidly，”Detective Nichols told his 29 Nancy that evening(“We questioned 30 inside and outside the bank(No one saw a man with a scar on his 31 (”Nancy Nichols was a very 32 woman(Her husband liked to discuss his 33 with her because of this( She enjoyed helping solve a case(While her husband was 34 a program on TV，Nancy sat drinking coffee in 35 (“Why should the robber want the bank clerk to 36 the scar,”She said to herself(“He should have wanted to 37 it(” Nancy rose from her seat，and went over to turn off the TV(She let her husband know what she had come up with( Five minutes later，Paul was in his car，hurrying to the 38 station(Another 39 was organized( The robber was caught within twenty-four hours(The man had been a(an) 40 ，and knew how to disguise(伪装)himself( 21(A(leader B(guard C( clerk D(director 22(A(bite B(hole C(birthmark D(scar 23(A(handed B(read C(wrote D(printed 24(A(do B(see C(hear D(touch 25(A(car B(envelope C(box D(lorry 26(A(and B(but C(because D(so 27(A(killed B(heard C(found D(invited 28(A(out B(up C(in D(away 29(A(wife B(daughter C(sister D(workmate 30(A(no one B(nobody C(everyone D(somebody 31(A(leg B(face C(arm D(back 32(A(beautiful B(ugly C(polite D(practical 33(A(studies B(family affairs C(personal affairs D(family plans 34(A(watching B(hearing C(looking for D(listening to 35(A(anger B(surprise C(danger D(silence 36(A( see B(feel C(make D(cover 37(A(wipe B(clean C(hide D(find 38(A(railway B(police C(radio D(bus 39. A. meeting B. search C. discussion D. group 40(A(farmer B(inventor C(traveler D(actor 四. 阅读理解(共15小题，每小题3分，满分45分) A Houston, Texas (June8,2002)---In 2004, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) will send two robots to separate place of Mars to seek out past or present signs of water. It is an exciting idea to send two robots driving over very different places of Mars at the same time, to be able to see what is on the other side of the hill. Last month, NASA announced it was sending one robot to Mars, but after two weeks, it decided there was enough money for two. The robots will be sent up within two weeks of each other in May and June of 2002 from Kennedy Space Center. If all goes will, the two spacecraft will touch down on Mars, after a seven-and-a-half-month space flight, on January 2 and 20, 2004. The robots, each weighing 150 kilograms, can cover 100 meters per day. They are designed to be able to examine the mineral 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 content of the soil, and their special camera will be under control from Earth, the robots are able to move more freely compared to those sent up before them. The actual landing points have not been determined yet, but the scientists say it will be in areas where they hope to find water. 41.According to the news report, scientists plan to send robots up to Mars to _____. A. find out whether there is water on Mars B. see if robots can find minerals there C. test how fast robots can drive there D. prove that robots can work on Mars 42. How long in between will the two robots be sent to Mars? A. 1 year. B. 7.5 months. C. 2 months. D. 2 weeks. 43. One of the important jobs for the robots on Mars is to _____. A. study the soil B. walk everywhere C. test the new camera D. find a suitable landing point 44. We can infer from the last sentence that scientists_____. A. have changed the landing points many times B. hope to land the robots on the surface of water C. are still working on the plan D. know where they can find water B Lillian Beard whistled and smiled while she worked. “Why are you so happy?”her co-workers asked her. “Last week I got my income tax refund,”Lillian answered.“This morning I went to the bank and cashed the check. I have $ 462 in my pocket. I’m thinking about the money. How will I spend it?” After work, Lillian came home and decided to wash come clothes. She looked at the jeans she was wearing. They were dirty, so they put them in the washing machine, too. Ten minutes later she thought, “The money! It’s in the pocket of my jeans!” Lillian ran to the washing machine and took out the jeans. The money was still in the pocket, but it was wet. Lillian put the money on the kitchen table. A few hours later the money was still wet. “Hmmm,”Lillian thought.“How can I dry this money?”Then Lillian had an idea. She could dry the money in her microwave oven! Lillian put the money in the microwave, set the timer for five minutes, and left the kitchen. When Lillian came back a few minutes later, she saw a fire in the microwave. She opened the oven door, blew out the fire, and looked at her money. The money was burned. The next day Lillian took the burned money to the bank. A teller at the bank told her, “If I can see the numbers on the burned bills, I can give new money.”Unfortunately, the teller found numbers on only a few bills. The teller took those bills and gave Lillian $ 17. A newspaper reporter heard about the burned money. He wrote a story about Lillian for the newspaper. Several people read the story and called the newspaper. “Tell Mr. Beard to send the burned money to the US Department of Treasury,”the people said. “Maybe she can get her money back.” Every year about 30,000 people send damaged money to the Treasury Department. Experts there look carefully at the damaged money. Sometimes they can give people new money for the damaged money. Once a farmer’s cow ate-his money ––– thousands of dollars. The farmer killed the cow and sent the cow’s stomach, with the money inside, to the Treasury Department. The 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 experts gave the farmer new money. Lillian sent her money to the Treasury Department. The experts looked at Lillian’s burned money and sent her a check for $ 231. What did Lillian buy with the money? She didn’t buy anything. She gave the $ 231 to friends who needed money. Lillian said, “When I burned the $ 462, I thought, ‘Well, my money is gone.’”The check for $ 231 was a big surprise. I decided to give the money to my friends. Money is important, but people are more important to me. 45. Where does Lillian’s $ 462 come from? A. Her salary B. Her bonus(奖金) C. She picked up on her way home D. Tax which has been overcharged 46. How did Lillian dry the money? A. By blowing B. By putting it in the sun C. By drying it in microwave D. By putting on the table 47. How did Lillian know she could send her money to the Treasury Department? A. Her bank told her. B. People from the newspaper C. A friend phoned her. D. She thought out herself. 48. Lillian gave her money to ________. A. her mother B. her friends C. Treasure Department D. farmer C Your mobile phone rings, and instead of the usual electronic signals, it’s playing your favorite music. A friend sends your favorite song to cheer you up. One day, a record company might forward new records and music videos to your phone. The mobile business is getting into the music business. For the moment, the interest is in pleasant ring tones, but some companies are hoping to take full advantage of the next generation of mobile phones ― all – purpose gadgets(小玩意儿) that blend phone, personal stereo, video player and Internet browser into one. Finally, record companies might send new records and videos to fans who register(注册)their cell phone numbers. The fans could pass music or songs along to friends― a kind of musical trading card. Unlike Internet tracks, mobile downloads would be easy for record companies to control, said former record industry official Ralph Simon, who is now chairman of Yourmobile, based in Santa Monic, California. “If you pass a song along to other phones through a network, each phone can be charged,” said Simon. “It’s like going through a toll gate(收费站). There’s more possibility for copyright control than there is on the Internet.” Massachusetts – Based Converse is offering a service in Portugal and the Netherlands that lets people record tunes on their voice mail or send music as presents to friends. Finally, people might be able to sing karaoke and pass them along. The company is sure that people will want to use music to reach out and touch someone. “A mobile phone is not a listening machine, and you’ll be disappointed if you think you can change it to a radio,” said Ohad Ouziel, a creative manager for Converse in Israel. “But if someone sends you a phone while you’re on vacation, you appreciate the feedling.” 49. The underlined word “blend” in the second paragraph most probably means________. A. send B. become C. mix D. compare 50. “Massachusetts – based Converse”in the sixth paragraph probably refers to_________. A. a person B. a city in Israel C. a state of the USA D. a company 51. Record companies __________ the idea of passing songs and music along mobile phones. A. are worried about B. are interested in C. try hard to stop D. take no notice of 52. According to Ralph Simon it would be easier to _________ through mobile phone network than through the Internet. 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 A. protect copyright of music works B. send personal messages C. pass along songs and music D. send voice mail D Very old people do raise moral problems for almost everyone who comes into touch with them. Their values ― this can not be repeated too often ― aren’t necessarily our values. Physical comfort, cleanness and order are not necessarily the most important things. The social services from time to time find themselves faced with a room with rotten food covered by small worms, and an old person lying alone on bed, taking no notice of the worms. But is it interrupting personal freedom to insist that they go to live with some of their relatives so that they might be taken better care of? Some social workers, the ones who clear up the worms, think we’re in danger of carrying this idea of personal freedom to the point where serious risk(冒险)are being taken with the health and safety of the old. Indeed, the old can be easily hurt or harmed. The old is like a car; it needs more mechanical repair as it gets older. You can carry this comparison right through to provision of spare parts. But never forget that such operations are painful experiences, however good the results are. And at what point should you stop to treat the old body? Is it morally right to try to push off death by continuing the development of medicine to excite the forgetful old mind and to make the old body active, knowing that it is designed to die? You cannot ask doctors or scientists to decide, because so long as they can see the technical chances, they will feel it necessary to give them a try, by the rule that while there’s life, there’s a hope. Talking to the old, however, you’re forced to the conclusion that whether age is happy or unpleasant depends less on money or health than it does on your ability to have fun. 53. After reading the paragraph, we can learn that__________. A. very old people enjoy living with their relatives B. social services have nothing to do with very old people C. very old people are able to keep their living places very clean D. old people enjoy living alone so as to have more personal freedom 54. Some social workers think that__________. A. old people should keep their living places clean B. one should not take risk dealing with old people C. health and safety are more important than personal freedom D. personal freedom is more important health and safety 55. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to________. A. your talk to the old people B. one’s memory or health C. the conclusion you’ve come to D. whether age is happy or unpleasant 五. 补全对话( 共五句;每句为3分,共15分) 根据中文提示，将对话中缺少的内容写在线上，这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句号的地方，用陈述句;打问号的地方，用疑问句。 Jane 与朋友到餐馆用餐，服务员询问吃什么以及要不要喝点什么，Jane 一一回答，并问有什么特色菜。 Waiter: Good morning, Madam. How many persons are there in your party? Jane: Three. 1 for three by the window? Waiter: No problem. There is one over there. 2 to have? Jane: We’d like three sandwiches, some vegetables and soup. Waiter: 3 to start off with? Jane: Yes, that’s a good idea. Red wine, please. Waiter: 4 ? Jane: No, not yet. One of our friends hasn’t arrived.What special do you have tonight? Waiter: French steak. It’s very nice. Jane: It sounds good. OK, 5 . 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 六. 书面表达(共30分) 假如你叫李昕，你在昨天的中国日报上看到一则招聘秘书的广告。写一封信应聘，介绍你的情况。 字数:100左右 1(22岁，高中毕业。 2(在职业学校(business school)学习两年。 3(学习酒店管理(hotel keeping)、打字和公关(public relations)。 4(擅长电脑和英语听说。 2005年成人高考英语模拟试卷答案 1—5 ACDBA 6—10 AACCD 11—15BCDDB 16—20 BABCD 完形填空:21—25CDAAB 26—30BCDAC 31--35 BDCAD 36--40 ACBBD 阅读理解:41—44 ADAC 45—48 DCBB49—52CDBA 53—55 DCC 补全对话:1. Could we have a table 2. What would you like? 3. Would you like some wine 4. Can we serve now? 5. We’ll take it 书面表达 Dear gentleman, I wish to apply for the position advertised in yesterday’s China Daily. I feel that I can meet the needs of your company. I’m 22 years of age. After graduating from a senior middle school, I took a two-year course in a business school, studying hotel keeping, typewriting and public relations. I’m good at both operating PC and the English language in listening and speaking. I’m interested in secretarial work. I think I have the ability to do the work well and I’m fit for the job. I want very much to be accepted by your company. I’ll work hard if I can work in your company. Yours sincerely, Li Xin 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 (按ctrl 点击打开) 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 下面是古文鉴赏，不需要的朋友可以下载后编辑删除～～谢谢～～ 九歌?湘君 屈原 朗诵:路英 君不行兮夷犹，蹇谁留兮中洲。 美要眇兮宜修，沛吾乘兮桂舟。 令沅湘兮无波，使江水兮安流。 望夫君兮未来，吹参差兮谁思。 驾飞龙兮北征，邅吾道兮洞庭。 薜荔柏兮蕙绸，荪桡兮兰旌。 望涔阳兮极浦，横大江兮扬灵。 扬灵兮未极，女婵媛兮为余太息。 横流涕兮潺湲，隐思君兮陫侧。 桂棹兮兰枻，斫冰兮积雪。 采薜荔兮水中，搴芙蓉兮木末。 心不同兮媒劳，恩不甚兮轻绝。 石濑兮浅浅，飞龙兮翩翩。 交不忠兮怨长，期不信兮告余以不闲。 朝骋骛兮江皋，夕弭节兮北渚。 鸟次兮屋上，水周兮堂下。 捐余玦兮江中，遗余佩兮澧浦。 采芳洲兮杜若，将以遗兮下女。 时不可兮再得，聊逍遥兮容与。 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 注释 ?湘君:湘水之神，男性。一说即巡视南方时死于苍梧的舜。 ?君:指湘君。夷犹:迟疑不决。 ?蹇(jian3简):发语词。洲:水中陆地。 ?要眇(miao3秒):美好的样子。宜修:恰到好处的修饰。 ?沛:水大而急。桂舟:桂木制成的船。 ?沅湘:沅水和湘水，都在湖南。无波:不起波浪。 ?夫:语助词。 ?参差:高低错落不齐，此指排箫，相传为舜所造。 ?飞龙:雕有龙形的船只。北征:北行。 ?邅(zhan1沾):转变。洞庭:洞庭湖。 ?薜荔:蔓生香草。柏(bo2伯):通“箔”，帘子。蕙:香草名。绸:帷帐。 ?荪:香草，即石菖蒲。桡(rao2饶):短桨。兰:兰草:旌:旗杆顶上的饰物。 ?涔(cen2岑)阳:在涔水北岸，洞庭湖西北。极浦:遥远的水边。 ?横:横渡。扬灵:显扬精诚。一说即扬舲，扬帆前进。 ?极:至，到达。 ?女:侍女。婵媛:眷念多情的样子。 ?横:横溢。潺湲(yuan2援):缓慢流动的样子。 ?陫(pei2培)侧:即“悱恻”，内心悲痛的样子。 (19)櫂(zhao4棹):同“棹”，长桨。枻(yi4弈):短桨。 (20)斲(zhuo2琢):砍。 (21)搴(qian1千):拔取。芙蓉:荷花。木末:树梢。 (22)媒:媒人。劳:徒劳。 (23)甚:深厚。轻绝:轻易断绝。 (24)石濑:石上急流。浅(jian1间)浅:水流湍急的样子。 (25)翩翩:轻盈快疾的样子。 (26)交:交往。 (27)期:相约。不闲:没有空闲。 (28)鼂(zhao1招):同“朝”，早晨。骋骛(wu4务):急行。皋:水旁高地。 (29)弭(mi3米):停止。节:策，马鞭。渚:水边。 (30)次:止息。(31)周:周流。 (32)捐:抛弃。玦(jue1决):环形玉佩。 (33)遗(yi2仪):留下。佩:佩饰。醴(li3里):澧水，在湖南，流入洞庭湖。 (34)芳洲:水中的芳草地。杜若:香草名。 (35)遗(wei4味):赠予。下女:指身边侍女。 (36)聊:暂且。容与:舒缓放松的样子。 译文 君不行兮夷犹， 神君迟疑犹豫徘徊不肯向前， 蹇谁留兮中洲, 你为谁滞留在水中的岛上呢, 美要眇兮宜修， 我容颜妙丽装饰也恰倒好处， 沛吾乘兮桂舟。 急速地乘坐上我那桂木小舟。 令沅、湘兮无波， 叫沅湘之水柔媚得波澜不生， 使江水兮安流。 让长江之水平静地缓缓前行。 望夫君兮未来， 盼望着你啊你为何还不到来， 吹参差兮谁思～ 吹起洞箫寄托我的思念之情～ 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 驾飞龙兮北征， 用飞龙驾舟急速地向北行驶， 邅吾道兮洞庭。 改变我的道路引舟直达洞庭。 薜荔柏兮蕙绸， 用薜荔做门帘用蕙草做床帐， 荪桡兮兰旌。 以香荪装饰船桨以兰草为旗。 望涔阳兮极浦， 遥望涔阳啊在那辽远的水边， 横大江兮扬灵。 大江横陈面前彰显你的威灵。 扬灵兮未极， 难道你的威灵彰显还没终止, 女婵媛兮为余太息～ 我心中为你发出长长的叹息。 横流涕兮潺湲， 眼中的清泪似小溪潺潺流下， 隐思君兮陫侧。 暗地里思念你心中充满悲伤。 桂棹兮兰枻， 想用桂木作成桨兰木作成舵， 斫冰兮积雪。 劈开你坚冰积雪也似的情怀。 采薜荔兮水中， 却似在水中采集陆生的薜荔， 搴芙蓉兮木末。 更似爬树梢采摘水生的芙蓉。 心不同兮媒劳， 两心不相通让媒妁徒劳无功， 恩不甚兮轻绝。 恩爱不深切就会轻易的断绝。 石濑兮浅浅， 留连着沙石滩上浅浅的流水， 飞龙兮翩翩。 等待着你驾着飞龙翩然降临。 交不忠兮怨长， 你交情不忠徒增我多少幽怨， 期不信兮告余以不间。 既相约又失信却说没有时间。 朝骋骛兮江皋， 早晨我驾车在江边急急奔驰， 夕弭节兮北渚。 晚间我停鞭在北岸滩头休息。 鸟次兮屋上， 众鸟栖息在这空闲的屋顶上， 水周兮堂下。 空屋的四周有流水迂缓围绕。 捐余玦兮江中， 将你赠的玉制扳指置于江中， 遗余佩兮澧浦。 将你赠的玉佩放在澧水岸边。 采芳洲兮杜若， 采来香草装饰这芬芳的洲渎， 将以遗兮下女。 这一切都是你留给我的信物。 时不可兮再得， 难道那往昔的时光不可再得， 聊逍遥兮容与。 暂且慢步洲头排除心中烦恼。 赏析 在屈原根据楚地民间祭神曲创作的《九歌》中，《湘君》和《湘夫人》是两首最富生活情趣和浪漫色彩的作品。人们在欣赏和赞叹它们独特的南国风情和动人的艺术魅力时，却对湘君和湘夫人的实际身份迷惑不解，进行了长时间的探讨、争论。 从有关的先秦古籍来看，尽管《楚辞》的《远游》篇中提到“二女”和“湘灵”，《山海经?中山经》中说“洞庭之山„„帝之二女居之，是常游于江渊”，但都没有像后来的注释把湘君指为南巡道死的舜、把湘夫人说成追赶他而溺死湘水的二妃娥皇和女英的迹象。最初把两者结合在一起的是《史记?秦始皇本纪》。书中记载秦始皇巡游至湘山(即今洞庭湖君山)时，“上问博士曰:‘湘君何神,’博士对曰:‘闻之，尧女，舜之妻，而葬此。’”后来刘向的《列女传》也说舜“二妃死于江、湘之间，俗谓之湘君”。这就明确指出湘君就是舜的两个妃子，但未涉及湘夫人。到了东汉王逸为《楚辞》作注时，鉴于二妃是女性，只适合于湘夫人，于是便把湘君另指为“湘水之神”。对于这种解释。唐代韩愈并不满意，他在《黄陵庙碑》中认为湘君是娥皇，因为是正妃故得称“君”;女英是次妃，因称“夫人”。以后宋代洪兴祖《楚辞补注》、朱熹《楚辞集注》皆从其说。这一说法的优点在于把湘君和湘夫人分属两人，虽避免了以湘夫人兼指二妃的麻烦，但仍没有解决两人的性别差异，从而为诠释作品中显而易见的男女相恋之情留下了困难。有鉴于此，明末清初的王夫之在《楚辞通释》中采取了比较通脱的说法，即把湘君说成是湘水之神，把湘夫人说成是他的配偶，而不再拘泥于按舜与二妃的传说一一指实。应该说这样的理解，比较符合作品的实际，因而也比较可取。 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 虽然舜和二妃的传说给探求湘君和湘夫人的本事带来了不少难以自圆的穿凿附会，但是如果把这一传说在屈原创作《九歌》时已广为流传、传说与创作的地域完全吻合、《湘夫人》中又有“帝子”的字样很容易使人联想到尧之二女等等因素考虑在内，则传说的某些因子如舜与二妃飘泊山川、会合无由等，为作品所借鉴和吸取也并不是没有可能的。因此既注意到传说对作品可能产生的影响，又不拘泥于传说的具体人事，应该成为我们理解和欣赏这两篇作品的基点。 由此出发，不难看出作为祭神歌曲，《湘君》和《湘夫人》是一个前后相连的整体，甚至可以看作同一乐章的两个部分。这不仅是因为两篇作品都以“北渚”相同的地点暗中衔接，而且还由于它们的末段，内容和语意几乎完全相同，以至被认为是祭祀时歌咏者的合唱(见姜亮夫《屈原赋校注》)。 这首《湘君》由女神的扮演者演唱，表达了因男神未能如约前来而产生的失望、怀疑、哀伤、埋怨的复杂感情。第一段写美丽的湘夫人在作了一番精心的打扮后，乘着小船兴致勃勃地来到与湘君约会的地点，可是却不见湘君前来，于是在失望中抑郁地吹起了哀怨的排箫。首二句以问句出之，一上来就用心中的怀疑揭出爱而不见的事实，为整首歌的抒情作了明确的铺垫。以下二句说为了这次约会，她曾进行了认真的准备，把本已姣好的姿容修饰得恰到好处，然后才驾舟而来。这说明她十分看重这个见面的机会，内心对湘君充满了爱恋。正是在这种心理的支配下，她甚至虔诚地祈祷沅湘的江水风平浪静，能使湘君顺利赴约。然而久望之下，仍不见他到来，便只能吹起声声幽咽的排箫，来倾吐对湘君的无限思念。这一段的描述，让人看到了一幅望断秋水的佳人图。 第二段接写湘君久等不至，湘夫人便驾着轻舟向北往洞庭湖去寻找，忙碌地奔波在湖中江岸，结果依然不见湘君的踪影。作品在这里把对湘夫人四出寻找的行程和她的内心感受紧密地结合在一起。你看她先是驾着龙舟北出湘浦，转道洞庭，这时她显然对找到湘君满怀希望;可是除了眼前浩渺的湖水和装饰精美的小船外，一无所见;她失望之余仍不甘心，于是放眼远眺涔阳，企盼能捕捉到湘君的行踪;然而这一切都毫无结果，她的心灵便再次横越大江，遍寻沅湘一带的广大水域，最终还是没有找到。如此深情的企盼和如此执着的追求，使得身边的侍女也为她叹息起来。正是旁人的这种叹息，深深地触动和刺激了湘夫人，把翻滚在她内心的感情波澜一下子推向了汹涌澎湃的高潮，使她止不住泪水纵横，一想起湘君的失约就心中阵阵作痛。 第三段主要是失望至极的怨恨之情的直接宣泄。首二句写湘夫人经多方努力不见湘君之后，仍漫无目的地泛舟水中，那如划开冰雪的船桨虽然还在摆动，但给人的感觉只是她行动的迟缓沉重和机械重复。接着用在水中摘采薜荔和树上收取芙蓉的比喻，既以上追求不过是一种徒劳而已，同时也为后面对湘君“心不同”、“恩不甚”、“交不忠”、“期不信”的一连串斥责和埋怨起兴。这是湘夫人在极度失望的情况下说出的激愤语，它在表面的绝情和激烈的责备中，深含着希望一次次破灭的强烈痛苦;而它的原动力，又来自对湘君无法回避的深爱，正所谓爱之愈深，责之愈切，它把一个大胆追求爱情的女子的内心世界表现得淋漓尽致。 第四段可分二层。前四句为第一层，补叙出湘夫人浮湖横江从早到晚的时间，并再次强调当她兜了一大圈仍回到约会地“北渚”时，还是没有见到湘君。从“捐余玦”至末为第二层，也是整首乐曲的卒章。把玉环抛入江中。把佩饰留在岸边，是湘夫人在过激情绪支配下做出的过激行动。以常理推测，这玉环和佩饰当是湘君给她的定情之物。现在他既然不念前情，一再失约，那么这些代表爱慕和忠贞的信物又留着何用，不如把它们抛弃算了。这一举动，也是上述四个“不”字的必然结果。读到这里，人们同情惋惜之余，还不免多有遗憾。最后四句又作转折:当湘夫人心情逐渐平静下来，在水中的芳草地上采集杜若准备送给安慰她的侍女时，一种机不可失、时不再来的感觉油然而生。于是她决定“风物长宜放眼量”，从长计议，松弛一下绷紧的心弦，慢慢等待。这样的结尾使整个故事和全首歌曲都余音袅袅，并与篇首的疑问遥相呼应，同样给人留下了想像的悬念 . 丰乐亭游春三首 欧阳修 朗诵:焦晃 绿树交加山鸟啼，晴风荡漾落花飞。 鸟歌花舞太守醉，明日酒醒春已归。 春云淡淡日辉辉，草惹行襟絮拂衣。 行到亭前逢太守，篮舆酩酊插花归。 红树青山日欲斜，长郊草色绿无涯。 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 游人不管春将尽，来往亭前踏落花。 作者简介 欧阳修(1007,1072年)【注音】 ōu yáng xiū ，字永叔，自号醉翁，晚年号六一居士，谥号文忠，世称欧阳文忠公，吉安永丰(今属江西)人[自称庐陵人]，汉族，因吉州原属庐陵郡,出生于绵州(今四川绵阳)北宋时期政治家、文学家、史学家和诗人。与唐韩愈，柳宗元，宋王安石，苏洵，苏轼，苏辙，曾巩合称“唐宋八大家”。 说明 诗人于庆历六年(1046)在滁州郊外山林间造了丰乐亭，•第二年三月写了丰乐亭游春三首绝句，这里选一首。诗中描写诗人尽情春游，如醉如痴，•简直不肯放过春天的样子。可以说，这是《画眉鸟》•诗中“自在啼”的一个非常形象化的注脚。 绿树交加山鸟啼，晴风荡漾落花飞。 鸟歌花舞太守醉，明日酒醒春已归。 春云淡淡日辉辉，草惹行襟絮拂衣。 行到亭前逢太守，篮舆酩酊插花归。 丰乐亭游春 欧阳修 红树青山日欲斜，长郊草色绿无涯。游人不管春将老，来往亭前踏落花。 解释• ?丰乐亭--位于滁州西南，背依丰山，•下临幽谷泉，景色幽雅秀丽。?长郊--广阔的郊野。•绿无涯--绿色一望无际。?春将老--春天快要过去了。 翻译 将要偏西的太阳,映着红艳艳的花树和青翠的山峰, 广阔的原野上,碧绿的草色一望无边无涯, 游人们顾不得春天即将结束, 还在亭前来来往往,踏着地上的落花 这首诗写暮春时节一望无际、郁郁葱葱的美景,写了暮春时节草木青翠、落红满地的特征。表达了游人对此怀着喜爱和恋恋不舍的感情 诗离不开景物的描写，诗歌的意境是通过景物来表现的。因此，要体味一首诗的意境，可从诗中描写的景物着手。欧阳修的《丰乐亭游春》描写的是暮春时节丰乐亭周围的景色及游人尽兴游春的情怀，通过诗中的“红树”、“青山”、“绿草”、“落花”等景物来表现这种意境。 此篇写惜春之情。美好的春天即将过去，丰乐亭边落花满地。到了红日西斜时，游人们还依依不舍，在亭前盘桓，欣赏着暮春景色。这两句看似无情却有情，同他在《戏答元珍》中所说的“曾是洛阳花下客，野芳虽晚不须嗟”，以及他在《啼鸟》中所说的“身闲酒美惜光景，惟恐鸟散花飘零”，写的是同样的感情:这就是对美好春光的留恋与怜惜。 郁达夫-雨 周作人先生名其书斋曰“苦雨”，恰正与东坡的喜雨亭名相反。其实，北方的雨，却都可喜，因其难得之故。象今年那么大的水灾，也并不是雨多的必然结果;我们应该责备治河的人，不事先预防，只晓得糊涂搪塞，虚糜国帑，一旦有事，就互相推诿，但救目前。人生万事，总得有个变换，方觉有趣;生之于死，喜之于悲，都是如此，推及天时，又何尝不然,无雨哪能见晴之可爱，没有夜也将看不出昼之光明。 我生长江南，按理是应该不喜欢雨的;但春日暝蒙，花枝枯竭的时候，得几点微雨，又是一位多么可爱的事情～“小楼一夜听春雨”，“杏花春雨江南”，“天街细雨润如酥”，从前的诗人，早就先我说过了。夏天的雨，可以杀暑，可以润禾，它的价值的大，更可以不必再说。而秋雨的霏微凄冷，又是别一种境地，昔人所谓“雨到深秋易作霖，萧萧难会此时心”的诗句，就在说秋雨的耐人寻味。至于秋女士的“秋雨秋风愁煞人”的一声长叹，乃别有怀抱者的托辞，人自愁耳，何关雨事。三冬的寒雨，爱的人恐怕不多。 但“江关雁声来渺渺，灯昏宫漏听沉沉”的妙处，若非身历其境者决领悟不到。记得曾宾谷曾以《诗品》中语名 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 诗，叫作《赏雨茅屋斋诗集》。他的诗境如何，我不晓得，但“赏雨茅屋”这四个字，真是多么的有趣～尤其是到了冬初秋晚，正当“苍山寒气深，高林霜叶稀”的时节。 原载一九三五年十月二十七日《立报?言林》 郁达夫个人生平(1896(12.7~1945(8.29) 原名郁文，字达夫，浙江富阳人，中国现代著名小说家、散文家、诗人。1896年12月7日出生于浙江富阳满洲弄(今达夫弄)的一个知识分子家庭。幼年贫困的生活促使发愤读书，成绩斐然。1911年起开始创作旧体诗，并向报刊投稿。1912年考入之江大学预科，因参加学潮被校方开除。1914年7月入东京第一高等学校预科后开始尝试小说创作。1919年入东京帝国大学经济学部。1921年6月，与郭沫若、成仿吾、张资平、田汉、郑伯奇等人在东京酝酿成立了新文学团体创造社。7月，第一部短篇小说集《沉沦》问世，在当时产生很大影响。 1922年3月，自东京帝国大学毕业后归国。5月，主编的《创造季刊》创刊号出版。7月，小说《春风沉醉的晚上》发表。1923年至1926年间先后在北京大学、武昌师大、广东大学任教。1926年底返沪后主持创造社出版部工作，主编《创造月刊》、《洪水》半月刊，发表了《小说沦》、《戏剧论》等大量文艺论著。 1928年加入太阳社，并在鲁迅支持下，主编《大众文艺》。1930年3月，中国左翼作家联盟成立，为发起人之一。12月，小说《迟桂花》发表。 1933年4月移居杭州后，写了大量山水游记和诗词。1936年任福建省府参议。1938年，赴武汉参加军委会政治部第三厅的抗日宣传工作，并在中华全国文艺界抗敌协会成立大会上当选为常务理事。 1938年12月至新加坡，主编《星洲日报》等报刊副刊，写了大量政论、短评和诗词。1942年，日军进逼新加坡，与胡愈之、王任叔等人撤退至苏门答腊的巴爷公务，化名赵廉。1945年在苏门答腊失踪，关于其死亡的推测最早出于胡愈之的文章，胡文中推测郁达夫是为日本宪兵所杀害。建国后此一推论基本被延续下来，在1985年郁达夫的纪念会上，日本学者玲木正夫提出郁达夫系由日本宪兵掐死在森林里的观点，但是其对“凶手”却用英文字母表示，似嫌证据不足。此外还流传着其他的看法，如郁达夫系由印尼游击队杀害(郁达夫曾当过日本宪兵队的翻译)。故现在在学术界郁达夫只能谨慎地称为是失踪，而不能武断地认为其为日本宪兵杀害。 夏衍先生曾说“达夫是一个伟大的爱国者，爱国是他毕生的精神支柱。”郁达夫在文学创作的同时，积极参加各种反帝搞日组织，先后在上海、武汉、福州等地从事抗日救国宣传活动，并曾赴台儿庄劳军。1938年底，郁达夫应邀赴新加坡办报并从事宣传抗日救亡，星洲沦陷后流亡至苏门答腊，因精通日语被迫做过日军翻译，其间利用职务之便暗暗救助、保护了大量文化界流亡难友、爱国侨领和当居民。1945年8月29日，被日本宪兵残酷杀害，终年四十九岁。1952年经中央人民政府批准，追认为革命烈士。 郁达夫的一生，胡愈之先生曾作这样的评价:在中国文学史上，将永远铭刻着郁达夫的名字，在中国人民法西斯战争的纪念碑上，也将永远铭刻着郁达夫烈士的名字。 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库