浅析网络爱情歌曲

浅析网络爱情歌曲 一、研究背景与问题 互联网的迅猛发展，为人类社会文化的发展注入了无尽的活力。网络歌曲的快速发展便是互联网深入人们实际生活的一个典型。近年来，网络歌曲以其明快的旋律，通俗的歌词，直白的情感达，迅速“走红”，涌现出一批传唱度极高，深受人们喜爱的歌曲，许多文化公司和歌手也通过网络这个良好的平台来推广歌曲。网络歌曲一方面属于商业制造的一环，另一方面更是传递文化价值，体现意识形态的重要工具(萧萍 苏振升，2001)。网络歌曲大部分是流行歌曲，而许多关于流行音乐的研究都发现，爱情是流行歌曲的主要类型(柯永辉，1994;萧萍、苏振升，2001)。因此研究网络歌曲，它所呈现的爱情价值管就成为一个值得研究的重要主题。从网络歌曲出现后，逐渐有学者开始研究网络歌曲，但通过歌词进行内容分析，研究网络歌曲爱情观的研究还较少，本文着重分析网络歌曲所呈现的爱情价值观，探讨网络歌曲及其相关的文化现象的社会意义。 二、研究方法 本研究针对近年来网络流行歌曲的歌词内容进行分析。由于至今还没有出现较权威的连续的年度网络歌曲排行榜，本研究抽选从2000年——2010年间一百首网络歌曲，进行抽样调查，每位参与调查者筛选自己认为流行的网络歌曲，无数量限制，由此将排名前50位的歌曲作为研究样本。试图解读网络歌曲中的爱情观。 在类目建构方面，参考苏振升和王柏蓁将有爱情的质性概念建构成结构while the lawn is still in a great stage of life activities, compared with the previous two periods, lawn water requirements increase at this stage, if not timely irrigation, not only affect the growth of grass, also causes yellow. At this stage, according to 4-5 of irrigation. In short, grass types, water requirements are different, you mustAccording to the climate conditions and plant species to determine irrigation of the lawn. About a day, when irrigation is better depends on irrigation. In theory, the same period as long as the amount of irrigation water is less than the infiltration capacity of the soil, irrigation all the time in a day. Then depends on the irrigation way. If intermittent intermittent spray or spray irrigation (high degree of atomization), irrigation is best with the Sun. Not only can add moisture, but also significantly improve the microclimate and photosynthesis and transpiration and gas exchange, facilitated the coordination of water, air, fertilizer and soil thermal and vegetative organs of root and root expansion, and could lead the entire transit storage of the plant material, breathing, lawns and lush. If using water, irrigation, and so on, should be watching season, early spring, late autumn around the heel as well and the rest take twilight as much. (2) irrigation irrigation quantity should be based on the soil, growing, grass and other factors to determine. General lawn growing season drought period, takes about a week to pay 20-40mm; vigorously growing lawn in the heat and severe drought situations, need to pay 50-60mm per week or more. In General, regardless of the method, should be irrigated more than once, each time less water, maximum surface runoff that just occurred. 2, fertilizing to maintain lawn dark green leaves, grows, portions must be fertilized. Lawn plants for leaf growth and blossom-free requirements, so nitrogen is more important, response to nitrogen fertilizer is the most obvious. Should be basic application 化的编码表，结合网络爱情歌曲本身的特点稍作调整。本研究将内容分析的类目分为三部分:歌曲资料、歌词整体特性、歌词价值观。以下分别叙述这三部分所包含的内容: ,一,歌曲基本资料:包括歌曲的名称、主唱者姓名、歌曲年代、主唱者性别。 ,二,歌曲的整体特性:包括歌曲主题、歌曲中所叙述的爱情阶段。爱情阶段非为:交往前的爱情、交往中的爱情、分手—抛弃对方、分手—被对方抛弃、分手—无法判断谁抛弃谁、过去的爱情、无叙述等7个项目。 ,三,爱情有关的价值观:爱情的互动方式、对于分手的描述、这两类类又细分如下: 1、爱情的互动方式:包括「执意等待」、「痛苦却不放弃」、「单相思」、「恳求机会」、「对唱」、「互动的爱」「互助搀扶」、「无描述」及其他共8项。 2、对于分手的描述:包括「命运的安排」、「对爱情失去信心」、「失去生命的意义」、「分离是痛苦 寂寞」、「分手从不后悔」、「祝福对方」、「生命重新开始」及其他共8项。 三、信度检验 本研究的编码员由作者和一位新闻学专业同学担任，从研究样本的50首歌曲中随机抽出5首歌曲，作为前测实施的样本。进行编码员的相互信度检验，各类项目均在0.92-1.00之间，平均互信度约为0.9230。由于编码员互信度较高，之后开始进行正式编码。 歌曲主題 爱情阶段 互动方式 分手描述 总类目 while the lawn is still in a great stage of life activities, compared with the previous two periods, lawn water requirements in- 1 - crease at this stage, if not timely irrigation, not only affect the growth of grass, also causes yellow. At this stage, according to 4-5 of irrigation. In short, grass types, water requirements are different, you mustAccording to the climate conditions and plant species to determine irrigation of the lawn. About a day, when irrigation is better depends on irrigation. In theory, the same period as long as the amount of irrigation water is less than the infiltration capacity of the soil, irrigation all the time in a day. Then depends on the irrigation way. If intermittent intermittent spray or spray irrigation (high degree of atomization), irrigation is best with the Sun. Not only can add moisture, but also significantly improve the microclimate and photosynthesis and transpiration and gas exchange, facilitated the coordination of water, air, fertilizer and soil thermal and vegetative organs of root and root expansion, and could lead the entire transit storage of the plant material, breathing, lawns and lush. If using water, irrigation, and so on, should be watching season, early spring, late autumn around the heel as well and the rest take twilight as much. (2) irrigation irrigation quantity should be based on the soil, growing, grass and other factors to determine. General lawn growing season drought period, takes about a week to pay 20-40mm; vigorously growing lawn in the heat and severe drought situations, need to pay 50-60mm per week or more. In General, regardless of the method, should be irrigated more than once, each time less water, maximum surface runoff that just occurred. 2, fertilizing to maintain lawn dark green leaves, grows, portions must be fertilized. Lawn plants for leaf growth and blossom-free requirements, so nitrogen is more important, response to nitrogen fertilizer is the most obvious. Should be basic application 应有同意数 5 5 4 7 21 不同意数 0 0 0 1 1 完全同意数 5 5 4 6 20 相互同意度 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.8571 0.8571 信度 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.9230 0.9230 表一:分析项目之编码员相互信度检验结果 四、研究结果 ,一,爱情是网络歌曲中最常出现的主题 通过研究，以爱情为主的网络歌曲占样本的94%，在50首歌曲中，有47首歌唱爱情，可见爱情是网络歌曲中最重要和最普遍的主题。也从一个侧面反映出流行程度较为广泛，传唱度高的网络歌曲以爱情歌曲为主。 ,二,爱情缺乏互动,是单向的表达。 在爱情的互动方式方面，本文将类目分为单向、双向、无陈述三类。其中单向行为包括「执意等待」、「痛苦却不放弃」、「单相思」、「恳求机会」，双向行为包括「对唱」、「互动的爱」、「互助搀扶」。研究结果见表二。在47首歌曲中，以单向行为表达爱情的占多数，占55%，而双向的互动行为只占30%。由此可见，网络爱情歌曲的表达缺乏互动，而爱情作为一项双向的活动，无疑是需要互动的，这也体现出，网络爱情歌曲大多是一种苦恋和悲情的表达。从另一个侧面也可以反映出单向的、苦恋的网络爱情歌曲更受欢迎。 爱情互动方式 次数(次) 百分比(%) 单向行为 26 55 双向行为 14 30 无 陈 述 7 15 合 计 47 100 表二:网络爱情歌曲中爱情表达方式的分布 ,三,分手的描述 while the lawn is still in a great stage of life activities, compared with the previous two periods, lawn water requirements increase at this stage, if not timely irrigation, not only affect the growth of grass, also causes yellow. At this stage, according to 4-5 of irrigation. In short, grass types, water requirements are different, you mustAccording to the climate conditions and plant species to determine irrigation of the lawn. About a day, when irrigation is better depends on irrigation. In theory, the same period as long as the amount of irrigation water is less than the infiltration capacity of the soil, irrigation all the time in a day. Then depends on the irrigation way. If intermittent intermittent spray or spray irrigation (high degree of atomization), irrigation is best with the Sun. Not only can add moisture, but also significantly improve the microclimate and photosynthesis and transpiration and gas exchange, facilitated the coordination of water, air, fertilizer and soil thermal and vegetative organs of root and root expansion, and could lead the entire transit storage of the plant material, breathing, lawns and lush. If using water, irrigation, and so on, should be watching season, early spring, late autumn around the heel as well and the rest take twilight as much. (2) irrigation irrigation quantity should be based on the soil, growing, grass and other factors to determine. General lawn growing season drought period, takes about a week to pay 20-40mm; vigorously growing lawn in the heat and severe drought situations, need to pay 50-60mm per week or more. In General, regardless of the method, should be irrigated more than once, each time less water, maximum surface runoff that just occurred. 2, fertilizing to maintain lawn dark green leaves, grows, portions must be fertilized. Lawn plants for leaf growth and blossom-free requirements, so nitrogen is more important, response to nitrogen fertilizer is the most obvious. Should be basic application 在研究时，将爱情的阶段分为交往前的爱情。交往中的爱情、分手、和过去的爱情四个阶段。观察表五发现，描写分手的爱情占34%，过去的爱情占21%，由此可见网络爱情歌曲以描写分手和怀念逝去的爱情为主，描写交往前和交往中的爱情平分秋色，各占19%。 爱情阶段 次数(次) 百分比(%) 交 往 前 9 19 交 往 中 9 19 分 手 16 34 过去的爱情 10 21 无 陈 述 4 7 合 计 47 100 表三:网络爱情歌曲陈述爱情阶段的分布情况 在此，将样本歌曲中最分手的描述分为三个部分:负面消极、正面积极和无陈述。负面消极的项目包括:「命运的安排」、「对爱情失去信心」、「失去生命意义」、「分离是痛苦寂寞」。正面积极包括:「分手从不后悔」、「祝福对方」、「生命重新开始」。详细分布情况见表四。从表四研究发现，网络爱情歌曲在描述分手时绝大多数呈现消极的姿态，占36%，高于正面积极描述27%。可见网络爱情歌曲多传递悲观，消极的爱情价值。 分手描述 次数(次) 百分比(%) 负面消极 17 36 正面积极 4 9 无 陈 述 26 55 合 计 47 100 表四:网络爱情歌曲中分手描述的分布 while the lawn is still in a great stage of life activities, compared with the previous two periods, lawn water requirements in- 3 - crease at this stage, if not timely irrigation, not only affect the growth of grass, also causes yellow. At this stage, according to 4-5 of irrigation. In short, grass types, water requirements are different, you mustAccording to the climate conditions and plant species to determine irrigation of the lawn. About a day, when irrigation is better depends on irrigation. In theory, the same period as long as the amount of irrigation water is less than the infiltration capacity of the soil, irrigation all the time in a day. Then depends on the irrigation way. If intermittent intermittent spray or spray irrigation (high degree of atomization), irrigation is best with the Sun. Not only can add moisture, but also significantly improve the microclimate and photosynthesis and transpiration and gas exchange, facilitated the coordination of water, air, fertilizer and soil thermal and vegetative organs of root and root expansion, and could lead the entire transit storage of the plant material, breathing, lawns and lush. If using water, irrigation, and so on, should be watching season, early spring, late autumn around the heel as well and the rest take twilight as much. (2) irrigation irrigation quantity should be based on the soil, growing, grass and other factors to determine. General lawn growing season drought period, takes about a week to pay 20-40mm; vigorously growing lawn in the heat and severe drought situations, need to pay 50-60mm per week or more. In General, regardless of the method, should be irrigated more than once, each time less water, maximum surface runoff that just occurred. 2, fertilizing to maintain lawn dark green leaves, grows, portions must be fertilized. Lawn plants for leaf growth and blossom-free requirements, so nitrogen is more important, response to nitrogen fertilizer is the most obvious. Should be basic application 五、浅析网络爱情歌曲的流行原因 (一)网络进一步普及，网民增加 根据2010年7月15日中国互联网络信息中心(CNNIC)发布的统计显示，截至2010年6月底，中国网民规模达到了4.2亿，突破了4亿大关，互联网普及率攀升至 31.8%，手机网民规模达2.77亿，网民的增加，一方面使网络歌曲有了更广大的听众，另一方面为网络歌曲快速传播提供了可能。 ,二,传播渠道广泛 随着媒介技术的发展，KTV、卡拉OK等娱乐设施的普及，网络歌曲的传播渠道在很大程度上被丰富。经过研究主要有以下几种方式:网络下载，电视、杂志广告(多以手机歌曲下载和彩铃下载的方式)，公共场所播放，娱乐场所点唱，市场发行等。网络歌曲与传统流行音乐传播方式的不同之处就在于，传统流行音乐是先进行市场发行再投放网络或者市场发行与网络下载同步，而网络歌曲是通过网络这个平台进行推广，如果传唱广泛，下载量大，赢得了利润，则会考虑发行唱片;另外，网络歌曲在公共场所的播放频率远高于传统流行音乐。传播渠道的广泛带来了丰厚的经济收益，进而又促进了歌曲的传播，这是一个循环过程。传播渠道的丰富必然推动歌曲的流行度。 ,三,网络歌曲的商业制作程序 虽然在这里我将网络歌曲和传统意义上的流行音乐进行了比较，但这只是从它们的文本内容和旋律进行的一种比较，就样本歌曲的性质来说它依旧属于流行音乐。在抽样的网络爱情歌曲中，大多数歌曲旋律简单，朗朗上口。有些歌曲全首总共只有四到五个旋律，且副歌部分占歌曲的比重大，一些歌曲的副歌甚至占到整首歌曲的一半以上，另外，如上文提到，大部分样本歌曲的歌词传达的是消极和追思的情绪。这是样本歌曲呈现出的一个普遍性特while the lawn is still in a great stage of life activities, compared with the previous two periods, lawn water requirements increase at this stage, if not timely irrigation, not only affect the growth of grass, also causes yellow. At this stage, according to 4-5 of irrigation. In short, grass types, water requirements are different, you mustAccording to the climate conditions and plant species to determine irrigation of the lawn. About a day, when irrigation is better depends on irrigation. In theory, the same period as long as the amount of irrigation water is less than the infiltration capacity of the soil, irrigation all the time in a day. Then depends on the irrigation way. If intermittent intermittent spray or spray irrigation (high degree of atomization), irrigation is best with the Sun. Not only can add moisture, but also significantly improve the microclimate and photosynthesis and transpiration and gas exchange, facilitated the coordination of water, air, fertilizer and soil thermal and vegetative organs of root and root expansion, and could lead the entire transit storage of the plant material, breathing, lawns and lush. If using water, irrigation, and so on, should be watching season, early spring, late autumn around the heel as well and the rest take twilight as much. (2) irrigation irrigation quantity should be based on the soil, growing, grass and other factors to determine. General lawn growing season drought period, takes about a week to pay 20-40mm; vigorously growing lawn in the heat and severe drought situations, need to pay 50-60mm per week or more. In General, regardless of the method, should be irrigated more than once, each time less water, maximum surface runoff that just occurred. 2, fertilizing to maintain lawn dark green leaves, grows, portions must be fertilized. Lawn plants for leaf growth and blossom-free requirements, so nitrogen is more important, response to nitrogen fertilizer is the most obvious. Should be basic application 点。德国音乐理论家阿多诺认为，流行音乐纯然是文化工业的商业制作，它有两个特点:一个是化，二是伪个性化。即流行歌曲外表上五花八门，实质上却千篇一律，其唯一的追求就是挖空心思玩弄所谓的技术效应。他们愈变得就像某个核心结构的彼此间可以互相替换、相互代替的不同部分。标准化是指流行歌曲如出一辙的相似程序，伪个性化是指它们之间偶尔出现的一些差异。阿多诺认为流行音乐的这两个特点很大程度上是归咎于文化工业的商品拜物教性质。网络歌曲经过文化工业的商业制造，具有了一些共性(即标准化)，又稍有不同(即伪个性化)，迎合听众口味，提高传播效果，获得利润。 ,四,歌词通俗直白,容易被接受。 网络爱情歌曲歌词通俗直白，不隐晦，在表达感情时毫不掩饰。许多歌曲中都有动动作哭泣、流泪的出现，将哭泣，流泪、泪水等词语合并，在抽样的47首歌曲中，共出现19次，占40,。网络爱情歌曲的歌词大多数是对具体场景的叙述，爱即是爱，不爱即是不爱，很少使用传统流行音乐惯有的含蓄的借景抒情和指代的手法表达感情。从样本中抽取排序为2、12、22、32的歌曲4首，《错措错》、《狼爱上羊》、《老公老公我爱你》、《等一分钟》，在随机抽取周杰伦的4首歌曲，《菊花台》、《黑色毛衣》、《她的睫毛》、《星晴》，从歌曲名称就能体现出网络歌曲与传统流行音乐在情感表达上的不同。再如，将流行音乐历史上占据重要地位的歌曲《甜蜜蜜》，与同是表达美好爱情的网络歌曲《两只蝴蝶》进行歌词对比，“甜蜜蜜，你笑得甜蜜蜜 ，好像花儿开在春风里， 开在春风里 。在哪里，在哪里见过你，你的笑容这样熟悉， 我一时想不起。 啊～在梦里，梦里梦里见过你，甜蜜笑得多甜蜜。 是你～是 while the lawn is still in a great stage of life activities, compared with the previous two periods, lawn water requirements in- 5 - crease at this stage, if not timely irrigation, not only affect the growth of grass, also causes yellow. At this stage, according to 4-5 of irrigation. In short, grass types, water requirements are different, you mustAccording to the climate conditions and plant species to determine irrigation of the lawn. About a day, when irrigation is better depends on irrigation. In theory, the same period as long as the amount of irrigation water is less than the infiltration capacity of the soil, irrigation all the time in a day. Then depends on the irrigation way. If intermittent intermittent spray or spray irrigation (high degree of atomization), irrigation is best with the Sun. Not only can add moisture, but also significantly improve the microclimate and photosynthesis and transpiration and gas exchange, facilitated the coordination of water, air, fertilizer and soil thermal and vegetative organs of root and root expansion, and could lead the entire transit storage of the plant material, breathing, lawns and lush. If using water, irrigation, and so on, should be watching season, early spring, late autumn around the heel as well and the rest take twilight as much. (2) irrigation irrigation quantity should be based on the soil, growing, grass and other factors to determine. General lawn growing season drought period, takes about a week to pay 20-40mm; vigorously growing lawn in the heat and severe drought situations, need to pay 50-60mm per week or more. In General, regardless of the method, should be irrigated more than once, each time less water, maximum surface runoff that just occurred. 2, fertilizing to maintain lawn dark green leaves, grows, portions must be fertilized. Lawn plants for leaf growth and blossom-free requirements, so nitrogen is more important, response to nitrogen fertilizer is the most obvious. Should be basic application 你～梦见的就是你 。”(《甜蜜蜜》歌词)“亲爱的你慢慢飞，小心前面带刺的玫瑰，亲爱的你张张嘴， 风中花香会让你沉醉，亲爱的你跟我飞，穿过丛林去看小溪水，亲爱的来跳个舞，爱的春天不会有天黑。”(《两只蝴蝶》歌词)不难发现，网络爱情歌曲与产同流行音乐相比，感情的表达具体真实，迎合一部分受众的审美要求，简单直白。 ,五,作为娱乐产品的网络歌曲 在网络歌曲传播的过程中，出现了这样一种奇特的现象，网络爱情歌曲不被大多数追求品位和格调的年轻人接受，在对50个在校大学生进行的随机调查中发现，相对于传统意义上的流行音乐，有45个人不喜欢网络歌曲，并且其中的32人认为歌唱网络歌曲或将其设置为手机铃声或被认为没品位。但同时，在KTV和卡拉OK等娱乐场所，网络歌曲有时成为一种活跃气氛，标榜个性的产品，一些听众以纯娱乐而非审美的态度点唱网络歌曲，网络歌曲以其直白的情感表达，不同寻常的曲调，博得了部分点唱率。这也是网络爱情歌曲流行的另一个重要原因。 while the lawn is still in a great stage of life activities, compared with the previous two periods, lawn water requirements increase at this stage, if not timely irrigation, not only affect the growth of grass, also causes yellow. At this stage, according to 4-5 of irrigation. In short, grass types, water requirements are different, you mustAccording to the climate conditions and plant species to determine irrigation of the lawn. About a day, when irrigation is better depends on irrigation. In theory, the same period as long as the amount of irrigation water is less than the infiltration capacity of the soil, irrigation all the time in a day. Then depends on the irrigation way. If intermittent intermittent spray or spray irrigation (high degree of atomization), irrigation is best with the Sun. Not only can add moisture, but also significantly improve the microclimate and photosynthesis and transpiration and gas exchange, facilitated the coordination of water, air, fertilizer and soil thermal and vegetative organs of root and root expansion, and could lead the entire transit storage of the plant material, breathing, lawns and lush. If using water, irrigation, and so on, should be watching season, early spring, late autumn around the heel as well and the rest take twilight as much. (2) irrigation irrigation quantity should be based on the soil, growing, grass and other factors to determine. General lawn growing season drought period, takes about a week to pay 20-40mm; vigorously growing lawn in the heat and severe drought situations, need to pay 50-60mm per week or more. In General, regardless of the method, should be irrigated more than once, each time less water, maximum surface runoff that just occurred. 2, fertilizing to maintain lawn dark green leaves, grows, portions must be fertilized. Lawn plants for leaf growth and blossom-free requirements, so nitrogen is more important, response to nitrogen fertilizer is the most obvious. Should be basic application