高考理科状元学习方法

高考理科状元学习方法 关于理科的，数学物理的学习办法，要特别突出的那种人做的，一般来讲除了多做，还需要看什么书终结什么还有什么比较好的习惯,,,, 需不需要预习等等。好的追加20分。 考前一个月，应该多看书 李彦铭说，她在考前两周里，每两天做一套各地模拟卷子。她强调要用最快的时间完成卷子，因为凭第一印象答题，才能检验出知识掌握得是否扎实。数学题的各种题型最好再熟悉一遍。 困惑之四:复习该不该跟着老师走, 何看情况 最后阶段不要大放松 黄小倩建议，最后几周复时，按各科考试时间来安排，比如上午考数学就复习数学，将做题兴奋点调整到这段时间。她强调，保持这种兴奋点是很重要的。 如何保持良好心态, :自信。她高考时只报了北京大学一个志愿。她对记者说，她从来没觉得高考有多可怕，她把高考当作展现自己能力的舞台，要尽力地发挥自己的水平，这样想，自然就不会紧张了。 考试时前几道题就被难住了=====一定要先跳过去 历史怎么背, 李多动动笔，记些关键词，。 考试当天要注意哪些细节, 郭凡认为，考试前要看准考试时间、地点;进考场前，一定要检查一下必带的东西，如准考证、笔、尺子、橡皮等，每考完一门课后准考证一定要收好，否则弄丢了会带来不必要的麻烦，影响考生情绪，进而影响考试成绩。拿到试卷后，不要急于做题，先把姓名、考号、学校等在答题纸和试卷上一一填好，然后把整个试卷大致浏览一遍，检查有没有空白或缺题试卷。做选择题时，一定要把所有选项都看完再来选择最佳答案。 考前怎样使用参考书 参考书一定充分利用 高考前别再“覆盖”任何参考书 参考书不妨借着看 功夫一定要有工夫做后盾 最好用老师推荐的参考书 晚上早点睡觉。 参考书应该有，但绝对不用多～ 考生如何复习 清华学生赵新华说，在高中的复习中，一项看似简单却非常重要的工作往往被很多人忽略，那就是集错。 清合理充分地掌握和分配时间。 北京大学心理系研究生田林在1997年高考作文中获得满分，对作文的学习提出自己的见解。在应试教育的环境下，对大多数同学而言，提高作文成绩最有效的方法就是依循一个规范、灵活的框架以便获得理想的行文结构，同时加入自己局部小段落的创造性发挥以达到文章出彩、升华的目的。他把这种组合称为“创造性小品和新八股文”，并在自己家教的高中同学里短期内收到了极大的成效。北京大学全英是高考文科佼佼者，她认为文科学习需要理解的地方一点也不比理科少。减少对答案和老师的依赖，自我归纳是非常重要的一方面。而在学习中排好一张密切适应自己学习状态的时间表也是成功的另一个重要原因。 安徽状元谈语文和历史的学习 沈成然 学习方法没有一个现成的模式，不能照搬别人的方法。 1(如何学习语文: 不仅仅要背诵那些文学常识、课文，这只是个步骤，应该从更大的角度上学“大语文”。 1)多读书:也不一定要看鲁迅、矛盾的小说，并不一定会有效果的。多读是建立在精读的基础上的。读文章时一定要注意它的内涵。整个高中期间，“我”都反复看课文上的文章，将精彩之处做上标记，写上自己的感受、思考。 2)多练习协作，可以通过写日记的方法:不管是杂文、散文，还是小说，都可以写，写完了要反复修改，这样才能真正提高自己的写作能力。要多思考，学而不思则惘。 3)多注意观察:会发现生活中有很多素材可以成为写作的素材。 4)语文的习题训练:并不是多多益善，做题是为了掌握思路、掌握方法。 2(如何学习历史 1)记忆是很重要的:主要方法有， 比较记忆法:比如说将各个时期的统一战线进行比较。浏览记忆法:平时没有事的时候多翻翻书，不去可以地记东西，只是随意翻翻。 联想记忆法:不看书，将某一章节的内容在大脑中过一遍，比如说它分为几大点，一个大点中又包含几小点…… 选择记忆法:如背历史年代，并不是要将每一个历史事件发生的年代都记下来的，要善于去选择，要去粗取精了。 2)理解是关键:要敢于提出问题，思考问题。 3)归纳总结，形成体系:任何一个历史问题都是由各个条件促成与组成的，可 以把他们一一写出来,最后将零散的知识结合起来，组成一个体系。 总之，学习是各个方面共同作用的结果，同学们应该成为学习主人，而非奴隶。 谈语文和历史的学习方法 沈成然,2000年安徽省文科状元,现就读于北京大学法学院 学习方法没有一个现成的模式，不能照搬别人的方法。 1(如何学习语文: 不仅仅要背诵那些文学常识、课文，这只是个步骤，应该从更大的角度上学“大语文”。 1)多读书:也不一定要看鲁迅、矛盾的小说，并不一定会有效果的。多读是建立在精读的基础上的。读文章时一定要注意它的内涵。整个高中期间，“我”都反复看课文上的文章，将精彩之处做上标记，写上自己的感受、思考。 2)多练习协作，可以通过写日记的方法:不管是杂文、散文，还是小说，都可以写，写完了要反复修改，这样才能真正提高自己的写作能力。要多思考，学而不思则惘。 3)多注意观察:会发现生活中有很多素材可以成为写作的素材。 4)语文的习题训练:并不是多多益善，做题是为了掌握思路、掌握方法。 2(如何学习历史 1) 记忆是很重要的:主要方法有， 比较记忆法:比如说将各个时期的统一战线进行比较。 浏览记忆法:平时没有事的时候多翻翻书，不去可以地记东西，只是随意翻翻。 联想记忆法:不看书，将某一章节的内容在大脑中过一遍，比如说它分为几大点，一个大点中又包含几小点…… 选择记忆法:如背历史年代，并不是要将每一个历史事件发生的年代都记下来的，要善于去选择，要去粗取精了。 2) 理解是关键: 要敢于提出问题，思考问题 3) 归纳总结，形成体系:任何一个历史问题都是由各个条件促成与组成的，可以把他们一一写出来,最后将零散的知识结合起来，组成一个体系。 总之，学习是各个方面共同作用的结果，同学们应该成为学习主人，而非奴隶。 2000年北京高考状元何润丰谈学习 今年高考我以683分成为北京市理科高考状元，回顾这12年学习经历，我有如下体会: 首先，要培养热爱学习的兴趣和一丝不苟的严谨学习习惯，在学习过程中注意发现自己的优势，在取得成绩后区分建立自信心，进而培养到对学习的兴趣，这样就有了学习动力。同时也要养成刻苦认真的学习习惯，这能保证学习的效率和成果。 其次，对基础知识要给予特别的重视。我们现在学习的知识都是由基础知识构成，学好与否对以后的学习工作都有很大影响，而且，无论离考试题如何变化，都是 由基础知识演变而来的，学好了基础知识，就不会产生解题困难，实际上能力也就提高了。 最后，要注意培养自学能力和与同学讨论共同提高的习惯。因为学习首先要经过自己的消化，因而自学能力非常重要，通常自学的知识轻易应用和识忆，自然就属于较牢固的知识，之后，消化过程中有难理解的部分，一定要请教同学或老师，或者与同学进行讨论进而解决问题，这样我得的知识也会记忆得较深刻。 总之，要在学习这项"苦差事"上取得成绩是不容易的，这不仅需要一定的智商，更重要的是个人主观的努力，两者能一不可，在现在情况中，大家的智商差不多，更需要刻苦努力，才能结业不负果。当然，旁逸结合也是不可缺少的。 北京状元吴畏谈学习 按照通常的说法，学习分为三个板块，即基本知识与基本技能，即"双基"，第三个则为创造性问题的解决，我国教育的重点放在"双基"，而对创新能力的培养则少有涉及，教学方式上也以模仿性练习为主，过就导致学生创造力薄弱，只会做"熟题"，对考试中出现的"新题"，往往不知所措，这时其今后的发展也是很不利的。我认为，教与学的重点应以"双基"转向科学思想与意识的培养，科学思想与意识，即其在相应学科中分析和研究问题的思维方式。 传统教育采用"布鲁姆教学目标分类法"，将学习内容分解为多个知识点，注重各个点涉及的"双基训练"，却忽视了将点统一的、完整的学科体系的科学思想与意识的培养，结果学生得到的是一堆"知识插片"，无法得到融会贯通，显然，一体的科学体系，对综合问题往往无从下手，对此，有的老师又提出:"基本方法"形成"三基"，强调总结各关涉及基本方法，如求函数值域的十二种方法，求轨迹方程的四种方法等等，希望先将综合问题分解重点，再按需取法。虽然有一定的进步性，但推敲来看还是"布鲁姆"方法的高级形式，以此指导学生大一些形式详见的综合题还行，但一是新题就不灵了，为学生不会将新题分解技点，即使分解了也不知应挑何新方法，将新法如何在新环境下应用。 以2000年全国教学高考(理)19题为例，其中一步涉及求 (X1+X2)/(SQRT(X12+1)+SQRT(X22+1))(X1>X2>=0) 范围，按分类法其应属求二元变量函数值域，但高中朱讲，若用不等式法将分子放大几分，不充分也难以直接想到，即使想到了也理化依据不充分而不敢下笔，事实上高中所讲的方法均无法对其严格，但若有"近似逼近"的数学思想则可以想到，当X1，X2=>?时,分子,分母近似相等,直接推出其极大值为1(不含)。 科学思想与意识可以指导学生在陌生的环境下,正确在选择和运用已掌握的方法,在必要时甚至可以指导学生在现有知识的基础上创造新方法,解决新问题.科学思想与意识在不同的学种中有着共具体的涵义。 在数学科中,张莫宙教授认为数学意识为数学建构、逻辑证明、层次结构、变量函数，最值优化，方程平衡，概率统计，数据处理，近似逼近，空间位置10种， 新近兴起的发散思维，培养对数学思想也有着具特有的诠释。 在物理科中，应注重理论与应用相结合，理论推导与数学工具相结合，时间与空间，宏观与微观相结合，同种注重要概念的透彻理解理方法的探索与总结。 在化学科中，应结合化学作为一门实验学科的特点，注重化学实验设计方法的分析与创造，熟练掌握实验结果的分析与数据处理，加强动手能力的培养。 1999年北京市文科状元王璞谈:备考三昧 回想起去年的此时，我也正为参加高考紧张地准备着。如今我已经步入了理想的大学。看着正忙碌的莘莘学子，不禁有一份特殊的心情，想把自己的告诉临考的学生。 首先，要“知己知彼，百战不殆”。通过了近一年的复习和大小考的磨炼，考生应对自己的水平有一个清醒的认识，明确自己的长处在哪里，缺陷在哪儿;同时，对今年的高考新动向、历年的知识考查点也要了如指掌。如果能把这两方面结合起来，就能够更加冷静地展开高考复习。这时的复习应集中在两个方面，一个是夯实基础，另一个是查漏补缺。 许多同学在临近高考时还在买习题集，啃一些难题，这不仅得不偿失、浪费时间，而且容易使情绪急躁，不利于考前信心的培养。因而，考生应该把基础练习放在首位，越接近高考，越要做基础题，而且每天都要做;但是数量也不要多，这样做是为了确保在高考中容易题和基础题做得又快又准，把基础分拿到手。除此之外，就是针对自己的弱项做一些练习，把以前错过的题再做一遍，并尽力举一反三。一言以蔽之，要始终保持对知识点的熟练与敏感，任何一科都不可荒废。 其次，我认为是更重要的一点，就是考前状态的调整。第一，要调整生物钟，休息时间要延长。因为考生在平时复习中常常休息得很晚，在调整时，上床时间要一点点提前，和高考时间相适应，不要在最后阶段的复习中搞“疲劳战术”。第二，考生还应该注意把自己的最有效率的时间段调整到与高考相吻合的早上9点到11点，下午3点到5点，刻意在这两个时间段做和高考科目、题型相类似的练习，使自己在此时注意力集中，思路清晰。第三，缓解压力。在高考中，一点压力都没有是不可能的，但我们要做的是把它控制在一定的范围内。考生可以多和父母、同学谈谈心，也可以和朋友一起玩一玩、笑一笑。 最后，考生还应该注意一些看似细枝末节的东西。例如知道了考试地点，一定要去“踩点”，以免在考试第一天陌生感过重;如果在高考前夜失眠，也不要太紧张，要知道全国几百万考生，失眠的不会只有你一个人。此外，高考考场沉重而森严的气氛多少会影响考生的情绪，这也难以避免，考试前对此要有心理准备，而一科失利的阴影尽量不要影响下一科，毕竟高考中更重要的是总分。 大功将成勿松懈 江苏省1999年文科第一名季晓莉，现就读于中国人民大学新闻学院 临考前的一个月里，我的生活与学习日程仍然和高三第一学期乃至高二时一样，按照原来的节奏运行着。该努力学习的日子已经过去了，该做的题也做得差不多了，这时最容易滋生松懈的情绪，我的经验是不要让自己的头脑中有一种大功将成的空白感与空虚感。 一方面，与时间争夺效率，争夺正在遗忘的记忆，不断地修补各科知识。定期将各种知识体系、解题思路与技巧在脑海里梳理、过滤一遍。在案的“陷阱”与思维误区也不放过。语文基础知识的考点、英语语法、历史书每日作适当温习。试卷、分类讲义有时间的时候，可随手翻翻。综合测试、英语阅读理解则每天要按时练习，以适应考试，培养语感。 另一方面，调整心态，化压力为动力，充满激情地迎战高考。看着划满红杠杠的日历，每一个考生都难免焦灼与忐忑不安，要善于将这种既想逃避又想早日接近的感觉化解。那段日子里，闭上眼睛的时候，我时常想，几个星期后的今天，我就会坐在某个考场里，面对那几张决定命运的试卷，会是什么情形呢,那密密麻麻的题目中，有哪个知识点正在我手中这本书的这一页稀?獾捞饫铮课一岵换嵋蛭?衷诖掖姨??サ募父鲎质?ヒ坏捞羁仗猓磕堑牢颐悦院??奶饣岵换峋颓?〕鱿衷谀羌柑资跃砝铮咳??敲炊嗟目忌???奔渫??靥畲鹜??氖跃恚?纺岳锘岢鱿滞??慕馓馑悸仿穑炕嵊型??慕馓夥绞铰穑炕岬贸鐾??拇鸢嘎穑空庋?幌耄?冶愫芮煨腋呖蓟姑挥欣矗?一褂惺奔浜腿ɡ??陌怖淼玫乜茨切?赡艹鱿衷凇澳羌柑资跃怼鄙系亩?鳌S谑牵?绦?腋M蚍值赝度氲浇粽诺母聪爸腥ァ? 高考到来的前几天，一目十行地翻翻讲义，实际上脑子里已经装不下什么实质性的东西了，但对我却很有必要:越是临近高考，越是要不停地寻找一种感觉，一种在战场上挥洒自如的感觉。 真上考场了，惟一要做的事，便是倾尽全力将那些空白填满，填正确，让那些内容真正代表我，一个有个性而非标准化了的生命。 复习时将自己置于考试场景之下 叶欣，2000年四川省高考理科第一名，总分687分。 毕业于四川省成都七中，现为清华大学生物科学专业本科生。 无论是科目复习还是心理调适，叶欣认为，考生都要切忌放纵自己，“如果长时间地处于轻松自然状态，考场上就很难发挥出正常水平”。 叶欣介绍说，她的一些同学在最后一个月采取了“休闲重于复习”的战略，一进考场，他们突然发现很难迅速地进入解题状态，思维也不如从前灵活敏捷。结果，高考成绩不如模拟考试。“模拟考试时是一个人复习得最辛苦最投入的时候，也是水平最佳时期。若在考前不能持续这种状态，高考成绩当然大打折扣”。 谈到自己的复习良方，叶欣只用了4个字来概括———多做试题。 据叶欣介绍，在高考前的10天里，她几乎每天都做10套试卷。“因为知识点都 已经熟悉明确了，关键是利用做题纠正自己审题不清、粗心等缺点”。这使得她没有空余时间去思索一些令人徒生烦恼的事，只允许自己全心全意奔向高考。 叶欣说，在考前做足够多的习题有益无害。正像学游泳离不开水一样，“多做”也是理科考生通向优异成绩的惟一路径。她建议考生们在不多的时间里成套地做试题，“既然知识点早已烂熟于心，就要靠„多做‟找着应试感觉，并把速度练上去”。 不过，在“做”的过程中，她提醒考生注意以下两点:首先是不要追求数量，只求彻底弄懂吃透。做题时不能抱着猜题碰题的侥幸心理，高考试题是灵活多样的。在做题时，要牢记自己暴露的缺点和不足，并在下一次练习时有意识地注意并改正;其次是要以考试的形式训练解题。在平时练习时，考生不要懒散或三心二意，而应将自己置于考试的场景之下，“限时限量”完成。叶欣说，考生所规定的做题时间应比实战时间短，这样才能强迫自己加快解题速度，提高准确度。“熟能生巧，一旦把速度提上去，高考成绩就不会太差”。 她还补充说，以上所言的一切都必须建立在不打击自身信心的基础之上。“假如因为几次练习的不尽如人意就灰心丧气”，应当减少练习数量，并适当降低试题难度。 另外，叶欣介绍了几点心得。她说，相对于文科类考生而言，理科生所要面对的题量更大，题型也更为复杂。因此，在临近高考的前10天，考生应将以前的试卷、习题再温习一遍，尤其要特别关注错题。但千万不可只看不动笔。“如果只是走马观花或想个大概而懒得动笔，那么一些看似简单实则易暴露缺点的环节就错过了”。 考前的生物钟也一定要调节好，“不要因为第二天有考试就刻意地早睡”，只要遵循了惯有的生活规律，考生就能够精力充沛地迎接挑战。 如果在进考场之前感到紧张或束手无策，叶欣建议不妨随便阅读相关书籍，既可以缓解气氛和心情，又能够提前进入考试思路，有助于考场发挥。 最后，她提醒家长在一门考试结束之后，应“避免问涉及考试内容、结果的问题。帮助考生检查证件、文具，督促考生午休等才是家长们更应该考虑的”。 高考状元谈高考如何复习 1999年广东理科第一名的许顺在接受记者采访时谈到高考这段时间 究竟该如何复习。 其一，扬长避短。就多数同学而言，各科知识的掌握程度是有差 别的，甚至可以说有点悬殊。因此，在这个阶段，最好是采取扬长避短的战略，如果有一两门薄弱科目，就要瞄准靶子，对症下药，不让 弱科拖后腿。如果有一两门强项学科，可以把它作为高考的“杀手锏”拿出来，这样可使分数明显提高。 其二，勿下“题海”。这个阶段最为重要的并非演算那些浩如烟 海的习题，而应该是努力培养心理上的自我承受意识及学习上举一反 三、触类旁通的能力。升学考试约80%考的是基础知识和基本能力， 而且做出那20%难题的功夫，也不 是短时间所能练就的;花大量时间 做难题，如果做不出，则会影响情绪，自寻烦恼。 其三，强化记忆。同学们也许都有这样的体会:历史、政治、英语复习以后，长则几个月，短则几天就会忘记。所以，要尽量加快复 习速度，缩短复习周期，将中学所学的知识迅速地在脑中“过”几遍，反复刺激大脑皮质，强化记忆，以收到最佳效果。 下面说说高考时的“六要六忌”。 (1)要谨小慎微，忌粗心审题、解题、组织答案需细心，关键字眼、中心思想要抓准，运算过程、书写过程要谨慎，尽量避免因非智 力因素而带来的不必要的失分。 (2)要充满斗志，忌怯场信心是成功的法宝，哀兵必败，历来如是。同学们踏入考场要精神抖擞，斗志昂扬，忌无精打采，甚至畏惧三分。 (3)要先易后难，忌盲目在每科考试题目中，难题均占有一定的比例，考生做题要先易后难，一方面可以赢得时间，抓住基础分，另一方面也可以避免因难题而造成对信心的动摇，所以解题时忌“从一 而终”。 (4)要知难而上，忌畏缩前面所说的先易后难，是从方法上的要求，而这里的知难而上则侧重于毅力方面，要求同学们遇到难题要有一股拼劲。 (5)要处乱不惊，忌烦躁考试过程中往往会遇到很多意想不到的问题，比如，教室周围环境的影响，难题的困扰，题型的新颖，设问的刁钻等。这就要求同学们要处乱不惊。要知道，若有以上问题的出 现是很正常的事情，同学们只要保持良好的心理素质，以不变应万变，一切均可迎刃而解。 (6)要坚守最后一分钟，忌好胜心理 时间就是胜利，珍惜一分钟，有可能减少你一分甚至几分的失误。 答完卷后，要认真检查，反复核对，切忌为出风头而草率交卷。要恪守“不到最后一分钟绝不停笔”的良训。 各科应平衡发展 访1999年吉林省文科状元孙海萍 记 者:你对这次考试成绩满意吗?? 孙海萍:其实每次考试都会有遗憾。我说不满意，老师说你都是状元了，还想怎么样呢?我想如果再考一次，可能还可以得到更高的分数。 记 者:不足的地方是什么?? 孙海萍:历史和语文考得特别差。语文是第一科考的，有一点紧张。复习时老是注意难点，简单的反而错了不少。历史的教训就是不要复习得太难，毕竟还是基础重要。学习不能脱离书本，多看书，多听老师讲，基础一定要打好。另外，像语文这样的课，我高考前有三周没上语文课，因为那时我觉得语文考得特别好，每次摸底都是130多分，后来我认为不用看了。最后高考语文118分，是最低 的，惟一没上120分的科目。所以说每科都不能放下，应该平均用力。各个状元都不是哪一科很突出，而是没有一科特别瘸腿的。各科应该平衡发展。? 记 者:成功的原因主要是什么?? 孙海萍:可能是心理素质比较好。不要因为一科考得不好而影响另一科。? 记 者:你通过日本语能力是一级，什么时间通过的?? 孙海萍:1998年12月，我是学日语的。? 记 者:你感觉高考和你们班主任的指导有什么关系?? 孙海萍:有的科目和教师有很大关系。如数学，高一、高二时不是很好，高三时他给我们强化训练，每周都考试，就是考出来了。语文、历史是平时积累的，高三基本上定型了。因为我们上高中保送的特别多，班主任就在思想上指导我们，他劝我不要因为眼前的安定而失去了拼搏精神，他在这方面给我的指导特别多。? 记 者:你觉得你的用功程度怎么样?? 孙海萍:和贪玩的比我是属于比较努力的，但和没日没夜学习的比，我还不是特别努力的。 我觉得学习要有兴趣，另外还要有效率。我每天晚上10点半睡觉，早晨5点起床。男生这方面好，打一场篮球后，精力充沛，学习效率特别高。坐在那里学习，一分钟有一分钟的效率，一分钟有一分钟的成果就行，不要打时间战，自己找窍门，提高效率。 记 者:一般女孩数学差一点，你学得不错，你是怎么看待的?? 孙海萍:我不觉得男孩子语言就一定笨，女孩学数学就没有男生灵，我觉得性别上多少有一点差异，但主要在教育。我爸喜欢数学，在这方面也培养我，所以我数学还可以。我们班也有很多男生文科学得特别好的。男女平等，说女孩子学数学差那是社会偏见。? 记 者:你获得吉林省文科第一名，为女同学争光了。 孙海萍:其实是为学校争光。? 记 者:你感觉父母在性格成长和高考上对你有什么帮助?? 孙海萍:小时候帮助很大，长大后就少一点。因为我12岁就去长春上学了。小时候父母教育我说，女孩子最重要的是要稳重，不要爱漂亮，如果爱美学习成绩肯定要下降。还有，就是不要交男朋友，不要儿女情长。我爸爸教我数学，妈妈告诉我生活上的一些事情。? 记 者:你考试前一天觉睡得怎么样?? 孙海萍:我躺下十几分钟就睡着了，不太把这个当成一回事。 记 者:凭你的经验，有什么好的方法让2000年的考生考好?? 孙海萍:我觉得文科重要的是理解，不要死记硬背。学习时注意融会贯通、知识的迁移。文科本来就是和你的生活和整个社会联系比较密切的，不能光看书本，但也不能脱离书本。还有，心理素质是非常重要的。不要怯场，应该把自己的心态调到最好。放手一搏，人生能有几回搏。 《高考成功的十大秘诀》 巩固基础是秘诀 整理掌握知识点 综合考题目的实用性很强，和实际生活联系紧密，要考生通过所学知识解释或解决生活中遇到的问题。所以对付综合考，学会灵活运用知识点十分重要。我高考加试的是物理，但综合考前，我曾把高一高二的化学课本也找出来，把上面涉及的理论点又整理了一遍，因为对于理科综合考来说，理化是不分家的。实际操作也好，灵活运用也罢，都建立在掌握基本知识点的基础上。 转换思维看新闻 许多人把拓宽知识面等同于多做习题，我觉得这种想法是错误的，对于综合考来说，题海战术是没有效果的，因为题目的可变性很大，你不可能去猜题。去年的题目中有两道涉及世贸组织和APEC会议的时事选择题，还有一道关于轨道交通的物理题。要回答这些题目，光靠书本知识是不行的。高三时间比较紧，我的窍门是，每天利用晚饭时间看电视新闻，从中获得大量信息。同时有意识地把这些时事或生活现象，用所学知识去解释，这是一个思维转换的过程。 不做偏题和难题 去年是第一届综合能力考，许多同学如临大敌，找来很多参考书、习题册。那些参考书上的习题，有的很偏很难，有点像智力测试题目。可等考试后才发现，其实综合考并不会很难。 去年考试的时候，我只是把老师布置的题目按质按量完成，并且每做完一套题，都做，理清思路，将其中的知识点总结归纳出来。长期积累，当我看到这类题目时，就会知道可能涉及到哪些知识点。 ,英文版 , Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.