雌激素和孕激素生理

雌激素和孕激素生理 雌二醇的合成主要在颗粒中合成，孕酮主要由黄体产生。 雌激素的生理作用 促进雌性生殖器官的发育和维持女性第二特征，对代谢也有影响。 1(促进和保持第二性征 维持性器官的正常功能 促进子宫内膜和肌层的代谢，使内膜增生加厚，阴道上皮增生，表层细胞发生角化， 增强子宫活动，提高子宫平滑肌对催产素的敏感性。 2(小剂量雌激素，有促进性腺激素释放，促进乳腺导管和腺泡生长发育的作用; 大剂量雌激素则有抑制促性腺激素作用、抑制催乳素作用、抑制排卵以及对抗雄激素的作用。 3(代谢 促进水钠潴留、骨钙沉积、弱的同化代谢、提高血清TG和HDL和降低LDL水平、降低糖耐量等作用。 4(增加血凝度 在应用较高含量的雌激素避孕药丸时有增加血栓发生的可能性，低含量雌激素避孕丸则不会发生。 雌激素用途 1(补充女性激素分泌不足 卵巢发育不全或功能低下,人工月经周期。 功能性子宫出血(雌激素分泌不足者) 2(绝经期综合征 面颊红热、出汗、恶心、失眠、肥胖和情绪不安等。 适量补充雌激素，可反馈抑制GnRH、FSH和LH分泌，减轻症状。 (避孕 大剂量雌激素可抑制FSH分泌。 3 4(乳腺癌 大剂量雌激素能抑制促性腺激素分泌，使内源性雌酮减少，用于绝经后5年以上晚期乳腺癌患者。 5(前列腺癌 大剂量雌激素抑制促性腺激素分泌，拮抗雄激素的作用。 6(预防心血管疾病 通过对脂蛋白代谢的影响和直接对血管的作用。绝经期后应用雌激素心血管疾病的发生可减少35,,50,。也有报告认为可增加血栓发生率。 7(其他 老年性骨质疏松、痤疮(粉刺):增加骨骼钙沉积 可与雄激素合用 白细胞降低症(放射线)升高白细胞 延缓阿尔茨海默病 对老年人有学习记忆增强作用 孕激素的生理作用 主要做用于子宫内膜和子宫平滑肌，以适应受精卵的着床和妊娠，孕酮能抑制新颗粒的发育。 1(生殖系统 主要为助孕、安胎作用。 月经周期的后期，在雌激素使子宫内膜增生的基础上，孕激素则进一步使子宫内膜腺体生长与分支，内膜充血、增厚，由增殖期转变为分泌期，为受精卵着床和胚胎发育做好准备，有利于着床后胚泡继续发育。 经期，可使子宫内膜全部脱落，避免因脱落不全造成的出血。 妊娠期，能降低子宫肌对垂体后叶缩宫素的敏感性，抑制子宫活动，使胎儿安全生长。 2(乳腺 促进腺泡生长，为哺乳做准备。 3(神经内分泌 field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 生理量降低GnRH分泌神经元的脉冲活动频率，增加LH每次释放量。 大剂量使LH分泌减少，抑制排卵。 4(升温作用 影响下丘脑体温调节中枢，月经周期中期排卵时体温较平时约高0.56?，持续到月经来临，此作用与孕激素密切相关。 5(对代谢的影响 为肝药酶诱导剂，可促进药物代谢;对抗醛固酮，促进钠氯排泄;促进蛋白分解代谢，增加尿素氮的排泄。 6(呼吸 增加分钟通气量，降低肺泡CO2分压。 【应用】 主要用于避孕、绝经期后替代治疗。 1(先兆性及习惯性流产 安胎 2(功能性子宫出血 治疗因孕激素不足，子宫内膜发育不良而致的不剥脱，或者因雌激素持续刺激子宫内膜，增生过甚所引起的子宫出血。 3(闭经的诊断与治疗 孕激素被用于诊断雌激素分泌和了解子宫内膜对激素的反应性。给闭经妇女应用孕激素5,7天后，如果子宫内膜对内源性雌激素有反应，则发生撤退性出血。雌激素和孕激素合用也用于诊断和治疗闭经。 4(原发性痛经 痛经是因为黄体酮促使子宫内膜合成PGF2α，后者刺激子宫肌发生痉挛性收缩所致。19-去甲基睾丸酮类孕激素可抑制黄体相黄体酮分泌，从而减轻痛经。 5(子宫内膜异位症 大剂量可使子宫内膜腺体萎缩，以治疗子宫内膜异位及子宫内膜腺癌。 6(良性前列腺肥大和前列腺癌 反馈性抑制垂体前叶分泌促性腺激素，从而减少睾丸素分泌 此类药物属体育竞赛禁用品。配合加强训练，短时间应用睾酮(每周600mg，6倍于常规治疗量)可增加无脂肪肌肉重量和体积。 由于实际应用时往往高出治疗量20倍以上，会发生一系列不良反应:男性睾丸萎缩、不育、男子女性型乳房;女性排卵抑制、多毛、声音变粗、脱发、痤疮。还有好斗行为和精神的改变。两性都增加冠心病发生的危险，可能会发生猝死。 催乳素(催乳素)对雌性生殖机能的作用:参与哺乳、生殖和生长等多重生理功能的调节。在怀孕和哺乳期间，催乳素能够提高乳腺对雌激素和对吸刺激的反应。 (三)催产素对雌性生殖机能的作用:在雌性动物中，催产素能增加临产时子宫平滑肌的收缩，并参与哺乳期射乳反射。 生殖周期 (1)卵泡期，(2)排卵期，(3)黄体期。 field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between short feedbackshort feedback GnRHGnRHGnRHhypothalamushypothalamus pituitarypituitary gonadptropingonadptropin secretionsecretion LHLH FSHFSHlong feedbacklong feedback follicular developmentfollicular development gonadalhormones secretiongonadalhormones secretion estrdiolestrdiol progesteroneprogesterone endometriumendometrium 00dyesdyes21282128714714 FSH(又名精子生成素), LH(又名间质细胞刺激素) field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 一、卵巢的生卵作用 原始卵泡?初级卵泡?次级卵泡?成熟卵泡?排卵?卵细胞、透明带等冲出卵泡。 排卵，颗粒C和内膜C? 黄体?月经黄体(退缩);妊娠黄体(继续长大) *卵巢周期----卵泡的生长发育、排卵与黄体形成 每月一次的周期性变化。 *月经----在卵巢类固醇激素的作用下，子宫内膜发生的周期性剥落产生的流血现象。 卵巢的内分泌功能 卵巢H:雌H(雌二醇,E2).孕H(孕酮,P).雄H(少量) ?雌H与孕H的合成与代谢 排卵前:由卵泡分泌雌H; 排卵后:由黄体分泌孕H和雌H. 1.雌H的生理作用 ?促进女性生殖器官的发育并维持在正常状态: ?卵泡:促进发育,诱导LH峰出现,促进排卵; ?输卵管:促上皮增生,增强分泌与运动; ?子宫:促发育,内膜增生,子宫颈分泌; ?阴道:上皮增生,细胞角化,分泌物酸化。 ?促乳腺发育和女性副性征的出现并维持正常; ?对代谢:?促蛋白质合成，促进生长发育; ?加速骨的生长(促成骨、抑破骨); ?抗动脉硬化:降血胆固醇等; ?(高浓度时)导致水、钠潴留。 (对未成年女性，雌激素能促进女性性征的发育和性器官的最后成熟。 1 2(对成年妇女，继续保持女性性征。在黄体酮协同作用下，使子宫内膜产生周期性变化，形成月经周期，并增强子宫平滑肌对缩宫素的敏感性。还可使阴道上皮增生，浅表层细胞角化。 3(较大剂量的雌激素可抑制排卵。也可抑制乳汁分泌。此外，还有对抗雄激素的作用。 4(影响水盐代谢。增加骨骼的钙盐沉积，加速骨骺闭合。对青春期生长发育有促进作用。可降低糖耐量，影响血脂，降低低密度脂蛋白和胆固醇，增加高密度脂蛋白。 孕H(孕酮)的作用 ——适应孕卵着床和维持妊娠。 *孕酮的作用基本上是在雌激素作用的基础上发挥的 ?子宫(安宫保胎): ?子宫内膜进一步增厚并分泌; ?抑制子宫的收缩; ?抑制母体对胎儿的排斥反应。 ?乳腺:促进乳腺腺泡发育。 ?产热作用:作用于下丘脑体温调节中枢。 1(促进子宫内膜增生 2(抑制子宫收缩 3(促进乳腺腺泡发育 4(抑制排卵 field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 5(利尿 6(升高体温 雌二醇的生物效应最强，雌酮的生物效应次之，雌三醇最弱。 卵巢产生的雌激素进入血液中与性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)及白蛋白结合，与蛋白结合的激素没有生理功能。 只有1%是不结合的，呈游离状态的雌激素有生理功能。 目前的雌激素测定是测定总的雌二醇量，用pg/mL或pmol/L表示。临床上不测定游离雌二醇。 雌二醇单位换算1pg/ml=3.67pmol/L 1pmol/L=0.272pg/ml (分子量272) 雌激素在细胞内必须与雌激素受体结合才能有生理功能。细胞内有两种雌激素受体。 α受体及β受体 。 不同的雌激素与受体的结合能力不同，生物活性也因此各异。例如雌二醇与α及β 受体的结合率都是100%。雌酮分别为60%及37%，雌三醇为14%及21%。结合率越高生物效应越强。 不同的雌激素与受体的结合能力不同，生物活性也因此各异。例如雌二醇与α及β 受体的结合率都是100%。雌酮分别为60%及37%，雌三醇为14%及21%。结合率越高生物效应越强。 雌激素不仅只作用于生殖系统，对全身的组织都有作用。 不同组织的细胞中α及β受体的量与比例不同，因此雌激素在不同组织中的表现的功能不同。对生殖系统、心血管系统、神经系统、消化系统及骨骼都有不同的作用。 卵巢每天产生的雌二醇为100-300μg。雌酮为110-260μg。高峰期雌二醇可达450-950μg。 雌酮为350-650μg。 在月经周期中不同时期卵巢产生的雌激素的量不同，进入血液中其浓度也随之变化。 月经周期的第一周，E2为25-75pg/mL，第2周出现高峰200-600pg//mL，然后水平下降，在第四周又出现升高100-300pg/mL。 卵泡期25-75pg/mL，排卵期200-600pg//mL，黄体期100-300pg/mL。 孕早期1000-5000pg/L，孕中期5-15 pg/L;孕晚期100-400 pg/L;绝经期5-25 pg/L。 孕激素主要由卵巢的黄体产生 卵巢产生孕酮。 在甾体激素生成过程中卵巢也产生17羟孕酮。 每天产生的孕酮为2-30mg 孕激素 排卵前孕酮水平很低，排卵后逐渐升高，黄体期中期孕酮水平最高。应在 15ng/ml 以上。月经前回到最低水平。 血液中孕酮水平 排卵前 1ng/ml 黄体期 5-20ng/ml 早孕期 20-30ng/ml 中孕期 50-100ng/ml field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 晚孕期 100-400ng/ml 孕激素的单位换算 1ng/ml=3.18nmol/L 1nmol/L=0.315ng/ml 雌激素衍生药物 主要用于避孕，是大多数复合避孕药中的雌激素成分。 由于不是生理性激素。一般不用于HRT，更不能用于助孕技术。 天然雌激素，倍美力是传统的口服雌激素，是多种雌激素的结合雌激素，主要成分是雌酮。由于不完全是生理性激素。多用于周期疗法，HRT，但不用于助孕技术。 孕激素类制剂 孕酮(progesterone)是卵巢产生的甾体激素,口服后迅速被肝脏代谢,不能直接作为口服药物,只能注射. 17羟孕酮衍生的药物 甲羟孕酮，甲地孕酮 甲羟孕酮:每片2mg。多用为激素替代治疗中的补充孕激素。也用以治疗功能性子功出血。对脂质代谢影响较小。醋酸甲羟孕酮是最常用的口服孕激素，每天用量一般为4-10mg。 醋酸甲羟孕酮进一步衍生为环丙孕酮 环丙孕酮具有很强的孕激素作用。 环丙孕酮还具有很强的抗雄激素作用。 由睾酮衍生的孕激素 有的孕激素是从睾酮衍生的，化学结构不是孕酮，但有类似孕激素的生理功能。 炔诺酮 就是睾酮衍生药物 炔诺酮有很轻微的雄激素样作用，对脂质代谢有些不良影响。因此又进一步合成左炔诺酮。 左炔诺酮 ，药效比炔诺酮大一倍。是目前常用于避孕药的孕激素。雄激素的作用很轻微，对脂质代谢影响也更小。 注射用孕激素 口服避孕药 复方炔诺酮片 (一号口服避孕药) 炔诺酮0.6mg +炔雌醇0.03mg;月经第五天开始服药，每天一片，共服药,,天。 正常的月经期子宫出血是雌激素及孕激素同时低落到最低水平。 不排卵型由于子宫内膜的生长不受到孕激素的限制，内膜过度增厚，腺体增多，间质减少。由于缺乏间质的支持，组织脆弱，导致不规则型子宫出血。 由于子宫内膜不是全面同时出血，一个部位愈复后另一部位又发生出血，导致长时期出血。 field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 由于缺乏正常月经周期中的螺旋动脉的松弛,痉挛及栓塞形成，出血量可能很多，只能靠愈复止血。 正常月经期子宫内膜的脱落刺激再生，腺体即开始由基底部生长，内膜上皮从角部及峡部再生。 刮宫使基底层暴露，促进内膜再生，出血停止。 药物名称】 甲地孕酮 【英文名称】 Megestrol 【别 名】 梅格施，美可治，宜利治。MEGACE。 【医 保】 乙 口服:乳腺癌，160mg/日，子宫内膜癌，40~320mg/日，均1次或【用法用量】 分次服。 片剂(醋酸盐): 160mgx30片/盒，(梅格施)。分散片:160mgx30【规 格】 片/盒，(宜利治)，。 【功能主治】 用于乳癌和子宫内膜癌。 体重增加、恶心、呕吐、水肿、子宫突破性出血。罕见血栓栓塞、【副 作 用】 呼吸困难、心衰、高血压、潮红、情绪改变、肿瘤复发、高血糖、 皮疹等。 妊娠及哺乳期妇女、肝肾功能不全、血栓静脉炎、血栓栓塞者禁【注意事项】 用。 别名】 妇宁;去氢甲孕酮 ,醋酸甲地孕酮【外文名】Megestrol Acetate 【药理作用】 属17-羟孕酮类衍生物，为高效合成孕激素，作用为黄体酮的75倍。 作为孕激素治疗功能性出血、子宫内膜异位、闭经等。与炔雌醇合用作为短效避孕药2号，大剂量可用作为探亲避孕药。 【适应症】 1.主要用作短效口服避孕药，也可作肌注长效避孕药。 2.用于治疗痛经、闭经、功能性子宫出血、子宫内膜异位症及子宫内膜腺癌等。 【用量用法】 1.用作短效口服避孕药:从月经周期第5日起，每日口服1片复方甲地孕酮片、膜或纸片，连服22日为1周期，停药后2,4日来月经;然后于第5日继续服下1个月的药。 2.用作探亲避孕药:在探亲当日中午口服1片甲地孕酮探亲避孕片1号，当天晚上加服1片，以后每日晚上服1片，直至探亲结束，次日再服1片。 3.治疗功能性子宫出血:口服甲地孕酮片、膜或纸片，每8小时1次2mg(严重情况下，每3小时1次，待流血明显减少后再改8小时1次)，然后将剂量每3日递减1次，直至维持量每日4mg，连服20日，流血停止后，每日加服炔雌醇0(05mg或己烯雌酚1mg，共20日。 4.闭经:口服每次1片甲地孕酮片和炔雌醇0(05mg，共20日，连服3个月。 5.痛经和子宫内膜增生过度:于月经第5,7日开始，每日口服1片甲地孕酮片，共20日。 6.子宫内膜异位症:甲地孕酮片，每次1片:每日2次，共7日，然后每日3次，每次1片，共7日;再后每日2次，每次2片，共7日。最后每日20mg，共6周。 7.子宫内膜腺癌:口服每日4mg，逐渐增至每日30mg，共6周，或每日服2次，每次4mg，共20日。 【注意事项】 field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 少数有头晕、恶心、呕吐等不良反应，偶有不规则出血。肝、肾病、乳房肿块病人忌用。子 宫肌瘤及高血压病人慎用。 【规格】 片剂(妇宁片):每片1mg;4mg。膜剂(妇宁膜):每片1mg;4mg。 对于中枢性性早熟女童，在给予GnRHa的同时，辅以8mg甲地孕酮。每晚服用。 对于年龄较小的女童，初期可以先给予甲地孕酮。 观察对生长发育的控制情况。 field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between