合理设置MTU提升下载速度

合理设置MTU提升下载速度 合理设置MTU，提升下载速度 2010年09月06日 24,675 次浏览 . 发布者:强伊文 可能很少有雷友注意过“本机、网络”的“MTU”值对自己网络性能产生的影响。对于追求更快的下载速度来说，MTU值设置不当，就仿佛穿着高跟鞋跑步一般。 MTU是什么, “MTU=最大传输单元 单位:字节” 我们在使用互联网时进行的各种网络操作，都是通过一个又一个“数据包”传输来实现的。而MTU指定了网络中可传输数据包的最大尺寸，在我们常用的以太网中，MTU是1500字节。超过此大小的数据包就会将多余的部分拆分再单独传输。 为什么MTU影响网络性能, 让我们看看这个情况，在Windows系统中，默认MTU值也是1500字节，但是“不同的接入方式、不同地区的网络运营商、不同的路由器”有着不同的MTU设置。 例如:ADSL接入时MTU为1492字节，假设A需要给B传输3000字节数据，如果整个传输过程中各个环节的MTU都是1500，那么2个数据包就可以传输完成。可是偏偏这时ADSL接入方式的MTU是1492字节，数据包就因为这个MTU差异额外拆分为3个(为了便于理解，暂时不将“数据包报头”纳入考虑范围) 显然这额外增加了需要传输的数据包数量，而且拆包组包的过程也浪费了时间。如果从本地到网络采用一致的MTU就可以避免额外拆包。 对下载速度的影响会有多大, 就拿伊文家里的线路质量不太好的电信4M带宽为例，将操作系统的MTU值改为1492，再将路由器的MTU值从1460改为1492后，下载速度从原本的435KB/s提升到了450KB/s，提升了15KB/s。电信的带宽检测工具的检测结果也从4.09M提升到了4.19M。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 我该如何合理设置MTU呢, 更快的下载速度，对于迅雷的用户来说，显然很有意义。可是MTU设置不能一个值天下通用，所以我们讲究合理设置MTU。 那么什么情况下的MTU值才是合理的呢, 我们先看看什么是不合理的: 1、本地MTU值大于网络MTU值时，本地传输的数据包过大导致网络会拆包后传输，不但产生额外的数据包，而且消耗了“拆包、组包”的时间。 2、本地MTU值小于网络MTU值时，本地传输的数据包可以直接传输，但是未能完全利用网络给予的数据包传输尺寸的上限值，传输能力未完全发挥。 这样我们就知道，所谓合理的设置MTU值，就是让本地的MTU值与网络的MTU值一致，既能完整发挥传输性能，又不让数据包拆分。 接下来最重要的就是要找出对于你的网络环境来说MTU多少才是合理的。 方法如下: 1、按Win+R组合键，调出“运行”菜单，输入“cmd”然后回车 2、在出现的“命令提示符”窗口中输入“ping -l 1472 -f www.baidu.com”然后回车 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 含义: ping:发起一个探测请求; -l(L的小写):限制探测包大小; 1472:包大小为1472字节; -f:禁止路由器拆分数据包 www.baidu.com:设百度为探测目标 (你问我为什么不用Google做目标,考虑到Google时不时被墙，还是算了吧。。) 3、这时有2种情况: (1)、如果收到了回复，那么说明你的网络允许最大MTU值就是1500字节，与系统默认值相同，只需要将路由器的MTU值也设置为1500即可; (2)、如果出现需要拆分数据包但是设置 DF。或是Packer needs to be fragmented but DF set.的提示，那就说明数据包大小超过了网络限定的MTU大小。需要减小探测包大小再次尝试。(为了截效果图，我将探测包改为1473了) accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 4、按“上箭头”恢复刚才输入的命令，然后以5为跨度减小包大小为1467字节，再次回车探测。 5、这时同样也有两种可能: (1)、如果有返回，说明数据包小于MTU限制，就将包大小+3再次探测，如果+3之后没有返回，那就以1为跨度降低数据包大小进行探测。 (2)、如果还是没有返回，就继续以5为跨度减小包大小，直至有返回后进行5(1)中的操作。 6、直至你发现数据包-1后，有了返回，就说明你探测到了MTU允许的准确数据包大小。(例如从1465降低到1464就有了返回，那么允许的数据包大小就是1464) 7、不过上面得到的值还不能设置为操作系统或路由器的MTU，你找到的数据包大小需要加上28字节的“数据包报头”，才是完整的数据包尺寸。 (例如:探测到的数据包大小是1464，那么加上28字节，最终MTU=1492字节) 8、最后，只需要将路由器和操作系统中的MTU值设置为你得出的结果即可。 路由器设置方法见路由器#说明#～建议使用“Windows优化大师、超级兔子魔法设置、鲁大师”等软件修改操作系统的MTU。 以下是较复杂的方法: (1)、XP操作系统设置方法: 1、 按Win+R组合键，调出“运行”菜单，输入regedit，然后回车; accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 2、 选择 “HKEY_Local_Machine>SYSTEM>CurrentControlSet>Services>Tcpip>Parameters>interface”; 3、在 interface 中下可能有很多项，需要逐个观察键值，会有一个项与你的网卡IP一致，选中该项; 4、然后在该项上点击右键，选择“编辑>新建>DWORD值”，然后在右侧将其命名为“MTU”; 5、右键点击MTU，选择“修改”，在弹出的窗口中选择“十进制”，填入你得出的合理MTU值即可。 (2)、Vista、Win7操作系统设置方法: 1、进入系统盘:\Windows\System32\找到cmd.exe，右键“以管理员身份运行”; 2、在出现的“命令提示符”窗口中输入“netsh interface ipv4 show subinterfaces”并回车来查看当前的MTU值 3、接下来输入“netsh interface ipv4 set subinterface "需修改的连接名" mtu=你得出的合理值 store=persistent”并回车即可 例如:“netsh interface ipv4 set subinterface "本地连接" mtu=1492 store=persistent” accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation