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高中英语单选题有解析[整理版]

2017-10-12 42页 doc 97KB 140阅读

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高中英语单选题有解析[整理版]高中英语单选题有解析[整理版] “” 50 1.Mary couldn’t make herself _______ attention to because her classmates made so much noise. A. paid B. to pay C. pay D. paying 答案解析:此题容易误选C, 其实此题应选A。 pay attention to 是动词短语,起及物动词的作 用,在句中作宾语补足语,与宾语herself构成 被动关系。 2.Was it through Mary , __...
高中英语单选题有解析[整理版]
高中英语单选题有解析[整理版] “” 50 1.Mary couldn’t make herself _______ attention to because her classmates made so much noise. A. paid B. to pay C. pay D. paying 解析:此题容易误选C, 其实此题应选A。 pay attention to 是动词短语,起及物动词的作 用,在句中作宾语补足语,与宾语herself构成 被动关系。 2.Was it through Mary , ____ was working at a high school , _____ you get to know Tom ? A. who, who ,,,B. that, which C. who, that D. who, which 答案解析: 此题应选C, 但是许多学生刚好首 先排除了C项,他们认为:(1)非限制性定语从 句不用关系代词that引导(;2) 强调句型It be + 被强调部分 + that (who)…中,who (that)前不 能有逗号。 上述两点是对的,在此句中Was it…that…也的确是强调句型,但句中的两个逗 号不在强调句型中,它的作用是把非限制性定语 从句who was working at a high school与句子其 它部分分隔开来。整句话的汉语意思是:玛丽在 一所中学工作,你是不是通过她认识汤姆的, 3.Every minute is made full use of _______ our lessons. A. studying B. to study C. study D. being studied 答案解析:此题容易误选A,认为动名词作介词 的宾语。其实此题应选B,此句是被动句,转换 成主动句就成为 we make full use of every minute to study our lessons.。是不定式作目的状 语。 4.I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with _____. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 答案解析: 此题容易误选B,生搬硬套不定 代词用法规则:something用于肯定句,anything 用于否定句或疑问句。其实此题应选A,注意前 文的I agree with most of what you said(我同意 你说的大部分内容),其后的not与everything 构成部分否定,意为“不是所有的都同意”,前后 两部分用转折连词but连接,语气通顺、连贯。 5. —Would you like _______ , sir? —No, thanks. I have had much. A(some more oranges B(any more oranges C(some more orange D(any more orange 答案解析:选C。当用委婉的语气希望得到对方 肯定回答的时候,疑问句中的some不能变成 any。从答语中的much可判断出前面的名词应 该是不可数的。此句话的汉语意思是:,先生, 还要点橙汁吗,,不了,谢谢,我已喝了很多了。 6.He suggested the person referred _______ put into prison. A. is B. be C. to be D. should be 答案解析:此题应选C. referred to 过去分词作 定语,be put into prison是宾语从句的谓语部 分。学生由于粗心,容易误选B或者D。 7.—Well. I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. —_____________. A(So it is B(So is it C(So does it D(So it does 答案解析:此题容易误选B, 平时同学们经常练习和so有关的倒装句:so放在句首,示前面的肯定内容也适用于另一个人或物。其结构为:so +助动词+主语 。因此在未完全理解题意时,就主观地选择了B。其实最佳答案为A。本题考查\"so+主语,助动词\"结构,用来表示赞成前一说话者所说的内容,可译为\"是的\"、\"对\"或\"确实如此\"。此句话的汉语意思是:, 哎, 我真地认为这兔子是一只漂亮温顺的动物,跑得很快。, 确实如此。 8.“Is there _____ here?” “No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.” A. anybody B. everybody C. somebody D. nobody 答案解析:此题容易误选A,认为这是一般疑问句,要用anybody。其实此题应选B,主要与上下文的语境有关。语境为:“大家都到齐了吗,”“没有,Bob和Tim两人请假了。” 9.“I think the teacher is wrong, _____?” “No, I don't think so.” A. don't you B. don't I C. doesn't he D. doesn't she 答案解析:此题容易误选C或D,因为按照语 法规则,I think后接宾语从句时,其反意疑问 句与从句保持一致,但是退一步,即使按此规则, 其反意疑问句也应是isn't he或isn't she之类的, 而不是像C或D那样用doesn't he和doesn't she。综合四个选项,最佳答案为A,don't you 为don't you think so之省略。 10.Don't you know _____, my dear friend, it is you that she loves? A. who B. which C. that D. what 答案解析:此题容易误选A或B,选A者认为 这是指人的,故用who;选B者认为这是非限 制性定语从句,两者都是误认为这是定语从句 (注意没有先行词),其实此题应选C,that引导 的是一个宾语从句(用做动词know的宾语), 它只是被句中的插入语my dear friend隔开罢 了。其实此句也可说成:My dear friend, don't you know that it is you that she loves? 11. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _____ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. that D. until 答案解析:此题容易误选C, 把the garden看成 是先行词,以为是where引导的表地点的定语 从句。其实此题应选B。这是when引导时间状 语从句。此句话的汉语意思是:他把小树在最合 适的时候移植到花园。 12.If the weather is fine, we'll go. If _____, _____. A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no, not ,,,答案解析:此题应选A。If not, not.为If the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go.之省略,全 句意为“如果天气好,我们就去;如果天气不好, 我们就不去”。该句的特点是:后句与前句的用 词和句式完全相同,只是前句为肯定,后句为否 定,为了简洁起见,于是将后句与前句相同部分 省略,只保留否定词not。 13.--- Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day ? --- ____ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get ,,,D. To be getting ,,,答案解析: 此处回答why, 因而答案选C. 作 目的状语。 14.She's too thin. She ____ gain some weight but she _____ too little. A. would, ate B. will, eats C. would, eats D. will, ate 答案解析:此题有些难度,许多同学不知如何分 析。我们先根据题目所提供的选项将句意大致概 括出来:她太瘦了。她会增加体重的,但她吃得 太少了。根据句首She's too thin这一所给信息 可知,“她瘦”应是客观事实。按照一般的常识, “吃得少”就会导致“瘦”,“吃得多”就会导致 “胖”,根据句首的信息,“她瘦”是客观事实,所 以她“吃得少”也应是事实,因此第二空应填 eats(即用一般现在时表示现在的事实)。根据上 面的:“她瘦”和“她吃得少”均为现在的事 实,那么“她体重会增加”就应是假设(注意句中 的转折连词but),所以第一空应填would,其实, 此句可理解为其后省略了一个条件状语if she ate more (如果她多吃一点的话)。此题最佳答案 选C。 15. — What should I do with this passage? —_____ the main idea of each paragraph. A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out 答案解析: 此题极易误选A。认为是动名词短 语作do的宾语。其实我们把该答案代入原文, 便发现不行。因为do finding out…是绝对不能 搭配的。其实此题应选C。考查祈使句。此句话 的汉语意思是:, 我应该怎么处理这段文章, , 归纳出每段的中心思想。 16.She can't help _____ the house because she's busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned 答案解析:此题容易误选B,简单地套用can't help doing sth这一结构。其实此题应选A,注 意以下两个结构均可用,但是含义不同:can't help doing sth =禁不住做某事,情不自禁地做某 事;can't help to do sth =不能帮助做某事。前者 为引申用法,一般辞书均将其作为固定搭配列出 来,许多老师对此也比较强调,从而就使同学们 形成了思维定势;而后者为help表示“帮助”时 的本义用法,因同学们平时对此不大注意,一看 到上面的试题马上就联想到can't help doing sth 这一结构,从而误选了B。 17. The prize of the game show is ,30,000 and an all expenses __________ vacation to China. A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid 答案解析:选B。此句话的汉语意思是:“联众 秀”的奖金是3万美元和一次一切费用全免的中 国之旅。paid和expenses之间存在着逻辑上的 动宾关系,过去分词作定语修饰expenses。整个 all expenses paid又作定语修饰vacation。 多数 考生没把all expenses paid看成一个整体,而认 为all expenses和pay 存在着逻辑上的主谓关 系;pay 和vacation存在着逻辑上的动宾关系; 而误选答案A。 18.I'm examining the composition he has just finished ____ the possible mistakes in it. A. correcting B. to correct ,,,C. corrected ,,,D. correct 答案解析:此题容易误选A,因为习惯思维 finish 后接doing. 但从句he has just finished 为定语从句。答案选B,动词不定式作目的状语。 19.He ________ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned 答案解析:此题容易误选C, 学生见到过去时间 点,就会依据平时的经验选择一般过去时。其实 此题应选D。掌握了5000多个单词并非在15 岁上大学时发生,而是早在之前就完成了,过去 的过去, 所以要用过去完成时。此句话的汉语 意思是:在他15岁上大学时,就已经掌握了5000 多个单词了。 20.The judge paid no attention to _____ he had just lost his wife. A. that B. which C. what D. the fact that 答案解析:此题容易误选A或B:选A,认为 to后应接一个that引导的宾语从句;选B,认 为其后是一个定语从句,介词后应用关系代词 which。其实此题应选D。注意不能选A的原因 是,在通常情况下,介词后不能直接跟that从 句(极个别介词如except, but等除外),遇此情 况,应在that从句前加上 the fact(此时the fact 用做介词宾语,其后that从句用做the fact的同 位语)。 21. ____ a broken chair , the room is empty A. Except ,,,B. Except for ,,,C. Except that D. Besides 答案解析:except所指项目,必须在主句内有所 交代,except for 用来表示从某一细节方面来修 正前面概括性说法,其后的宾语一般与句子所涉 及的东西不同类。因此a broken chair 与 the room 不是同类,答案为B。 22. — What should I do with this passage? —_____ the main idea of each paragraph. A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out 答案解析: 此题极易误选A。认为是动名词短 语作do的宾语。其实我们把该答案代入原文,便发现不行。因为do finding out…是绝对不能搭配的。其实此题应选C。考查祈使句。 此句话的汉语意思是:, 我应该怎么处理这段文章,, 归纳出每段的中心思想。 23.The wonderful time they had been looking forward ____ at last. A. to arrive B. to arrived C. to arriving D. should arrive 答案解析:此题迷惑选项为C,因受look forward to doing的影响,但此题主语为the wonderful time,后面they have been looking forward to 为定语从句,分析句子结构,找出句子的主干The wonderful time arrived at last. 不难发现正确答案应为B. 24. --- What do you think made Mary so upset ? --- ____ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing. 答案解析:此题迷惑项为D,这是犯了Chinglish之错,问句中的 what只能用动名词短语Losing her new bicycle来代替。答案B为 过去分词不作主语,答案A不构成主语从句。 若将答语补充完整,全句为Losing her new bicycle made Mary so upset.因此缺少主语,正 确答案为C. 25.He wrote a lot of novels, none of _____ translated into a foreign language. A. them B. which C . it D. what 答案解析:同学们容易误选B,理由是none 前没有并列连词 and 或 but,但B项是一个陷 阱。此题的最佳答案应是A,注意此句不是并列 句也不是含有非限制性定语从句的复合句。逗号 后面其实是一个独立结构。translated 不是谓 语,而是一个非谓语动词(过去分词),所以假 若在 translated 前加一个助动词 was,则此题 应选(which),构成一个非限制性定语从句。所 以做这类题要特别小心,千万不要想当然,更不 要受思维定势的影响。 26.Mr. Smith is a painter, _____ I should also like to be. A. that B. which C. who D. it 答案解析:此题很容易误选C,因为许多同学认 为指人时总是用who,不能用which,选项A(that)虽然也能指人,但这是非限制性定语从句,也不 能用。其实此题应选B(which),因为这里的 which其实指的不是具体的某个人,而是指一个 人的特征或属性,此时不能用who。 27. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when _______ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 答案解析:选A。此句话的汉语意思是:他一回 来,我就会告诉他你什么时候会来看他。when 引导的是一个宾语从句,不是状语从句。根据题 意要用一般将来时。 粗心考生会把when引导 的句子误认为是状语从句,从而得出错误的结 论:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将 来而误选C。 28..I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with ____. A. everything B. anything ,,,C. something ,,,D. nothing 答案解析:受否定句影响,迷惑选项为B.此 题语境性极强,第一句中"most of what you said"为关键点,"你说的大部分我都同意,但并 不是所有的我都同意"。因此,考查的是部分否 定,答案为A。 29.After ____ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. A. which B. it C. what D. that 答案解析: 此题应选C,其余三项都很容易 误选。误选A,认为介词后应接关系代词which (但是,若填关系代词,其前没有先行词);B 或D也不能选择,因为介词后可接what引导的 宾语从句,但通常不能跟that引导的宾语从句 或没有引导词的从句。另一方面,引导名词性从 句的that也不能充当句子成分(句中的seemed 缺主语)。选C,what引导的是宾语从句,用做 介词after的宾语,其中的what可理解为some time that。 30.He was so angry at all _____ she was doing _____ he walked out. A. what, that ,,,B. that, that C. that, which D. what, as 答案解析:此题关键短语be angry at sth.因此 all后的she was doing为定语从句,修饰all.第 二个空考查so...that...句型, 答案应为B 。 31. --- When shall we meet again ? --- Make it ____ day you like; it's all the same to me . A. one ,,,,,,B. any ,,,,,,C. another ,,, D. some 答案解析::...you like和...it's all the same to me 表明说话人不在意哪一天,因此some day是错 误的;another day需要前提:已谈论的时间不 合适,应另选时间,但对话无此意。One day并 不指"任意选择的一天",而any day则有此意, 故正确答案为B. 34. —Did Jack come back early last night? —Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock _______ he arrived home. A(before B(When C(that D(until 答案解析:此题容易误选, 学生误认为此题在考 查: (1) it…before…句型;(2) 强调句; (3) not…until…句型。其实此题应选B。eight o’clock是时间点,这是when引导的时间状语从句。此句话的汉语意思是:,杰克昨晚回来得很早吗,,是啊,他到家的时候还不到8点 35.--- Alice , you feed the bird today , ______? --- But I fed it yesterday . A. do you ,,,B. will you ,,,C. didn't ,,, D. don't you 答案解析:此题易受you feed the bird today 中的you的影响,认为不是祈使句。但祈使句并非都无主语,为了加强语气,指明向谁提出请求或命令,引起听话者的注意时,可说出主语。所以正确答案是B而不是D. 36.She is quite a different girl _____ she was five years ago. A. from B. to C. than D. with 答案解析: 按照英语的表达习惯,要表示甲与乙不同,通常用be different from,如:Mary is different from Jane.玛丽与简不同。其中的介词from在英国英语中也可换成to,在美国英语中也可换成than,但两者均不如用from普遍。 许多同学据此将上题的最佳答案确定为A,但错 了,最佳答案应是C。一般说来,若两个比较的 对象是名词、代词或状语短语等,则用different from,to, than,。但是若提出来供比较的对象是 一个没有引导词的句子,则通常只用different than。 37.Few pleasures can equal ______ of a cool drink on a hot day. A. some ,,,,,,B. any ,,,,,,C. that ,,,,,,D. those 答案解析::一看到few pleasures,容易错选D. 但后面所设条件为a cool drink,因而正确答案应 为C. 38.Use an umbrella to _____ you from the rain. A. stop B. prevent C. keep D. protect 答案解析:许多同学一看到题干中的from,再 联系到选项中的prevent,便马上想起了 prevent ... from ...这个常用搭配,于是选择了B 答案。这样分析的同学,没有完全弄清prevent ... from ...的用法特点。在prevent A from B这一句 式中,A和B通常具有主谓关系,如在The rain prevented us from going out (下雨使我们不能 出去)中,“我们”与“出去”就具有主谓关系。而 上面一题不具备此特点,此题正确答案应是D, protect ... from ...意为“保护……免受……”。 39..Who did the teacher have ___ an article for the wall newspaper just now? A. written ,,, B. writing ,,,C. write ,,, D. to write 答案解析:此题易误选A,受have的影响。其 实此处所用句型为have sb.do sth不妨把who换 为tom,利用还原句子结构的方法变为肯定句: The teacher had Tom write an article for the wall newspaper just now.因此,答案应选C。 40. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _____ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. that D. until 答案解析:此题容易把the garden看成是先行 词,以为是where引导的表地点的定语从句而 误选C。 其实此题应选B。这是when引导时 间状语从句。 此句话的汉语意思是:他把小树在最合适的时候移植到花园。 41.Shirley _____ a book about China last year, but I don't know whether she has finished it. A. has written ,,,B. wrote C. had written D. was writing 答案解析:受last year的干扰而误选B项,但句意为"Shirley去年(一段时间)在写一本有关中国的书,但我不知她现在是否写完",因此答 案为D. 42. --- Who should I send this message to ? --- The mayor is the one ___ ? A. to send it B. to be sent C. for sending D. to send it to 答案解析:第一句提供了语境"应把消息送给谁,""应送给市长"。故A是错误的,正确答案为D,即send the message to the mayor.被修饰的名词为不定式的间接宾语时,不定式后应加上适当的介词。 43.It is so difficult a problem that _____ student in this class _____ work it out. A. any, can't B. no, can C. every, can D. no, can't 答案解析:此题很容易误选A,因为从句意上看, 选A可将此句理解为“这个问题是如此之难,这 个班上任何一个学生都不可能做出来”。但按英 语习惯,any(任何一个)作为非肯定词,它只能 出现在否定词not之后,而不能在其前,即可说 not any,但不说any not。所以正确答案应选B。 44.The young man spent as much time as he _____ over his lessons. A. went ,,, B. can go ,,,C. could going D. could to go 答案解析:此题除考查理解句子结构的能力外, 还考查了动词短语spend some time(in)doing sth的用法,所以答案为C。 45_____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 答案解析: 此题很容易误选A,认为此处应 填一个形式主语,况且It is (well) known to ...也是一个常用句型,读起来也很上口,但是选A 错了。同学们仔细想想看,假若选A,横线处填 一个形式主语(it),那么其后就应有一个真正的 主语,但事实上没有。但是若将句中的逗号改成 that,则只能选A,因为这样一来,that便成为 一个引导主语从句的引导词。此题的最佳答案是 B,as引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,可置于 主句前(常译为“正如”)或主句后(常译为“这一 点”),句意为“正如大家所知,月球每月绕地球 转一周”。 46. —Must I turn off the gas after cooking ? —Of course . You can never be _______ careful with that. A(enough B(too C(so D(very 答案解析:选B。can / could not...too是一个固 定搭配,表示“无论怎样也不过分;此句话的汉 语意思是:, 做完饭后一定要把煤气关掉吗, , 当然,你越小心越好。 有些学生误认为can never be too…是一个孤立的结构,而逐字翻译, 从而误选D。 47.Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again. A. it ,,, B. it repaired,,,C. repaired D. to be repaired 答案解析:此题句型为have sth done, she had had repaired为定语从句,修饰the washing machine, C为正确答案。迷惑选项为B项。 48. --- Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. ---______ . A.I don't ,,, B.I won't ,,, C.I can't ,,, D.I haven't 答案解析::完整回答为I won't forget to come to your birthday party tomorrow.答案为B. 选 A是受上一句中Don't 影响。 49.I'll come to see you if _____. A. you're convenient B. it is convenient for you C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you 答案解析:此题最佳答案为B,但很容易误选A 或C,因为按汉语意思,我们常说“如果你方便 的话”,所以许多同学就将此直译为if you are convenient或if you feel convenient。但事实上, 英语中convenient的意思不是“感到方便的”, 而是“使人感到方便的”,所以be convenient的 主语不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”,英 语通常说if it is convenient for,to,you,其中 的介词可用for或to,但一般不用with。 50.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 答案解析:此题不能选A,假若选A,应在其后 加上who,即用 anyone who;也不能选B,一 是因为横线处应填一个作主语的词(因为其后有 谓语动词 shares),二是因为在现代英语中 whomever这个词已基本废除 也就是说,在现 代英语中whoever 既用做主语,也用做宾语, 如:Give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room. 你在会议室里看见谁就把它给 谁);也不能选D,因为 no matter who只用于 引导让步状语从句,不用于引导名词性从句。此 题正确答案为C,whoever 在此相当于 anyone who 1. I hope _____ the job she's applied for (申请) . A. she's going to get B. she'll get C. she is to get D. she decides to get 答案是B项。will或shall用来表示希望或期望。 因此在表示与希望有关的动词或动词短语的宾 语从句中的将来时态时,要用will或shall。这 些动词或短语是:hope , expect , be sure , believe , think , suppose , doubt 和be afraid 等。 2. There must be _____ book which could help . A. some B. any C. one D. one useful 答案是A项。some除了用作数量词外,还可用 来泛指未知的人或事物。又如:There must be some reason for what he has done . (他所做的事 肯定基于某种原因。) 3. If you _____ stop smoking , you can only expect to have a bad cough . A. won't B. would not C. do not D. can not 答案是A项。will除了用作表示将来时的助动词 外,还可用来强调愿意或不愿意。又如: If you will would wait a moment , I will fetch the money . (如果你肯/愿意稍等片刻,我就把钱取来。)但是 在表示不肯或不愿意时,则只能使用won't,不 能使用would not。 4. Take a taxi , _____ you'll miss your train . A. and B. if C. otherwise D. or 答案是C项。祈使句可用来取代if从句来表示 评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句 比用if从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和 要求时,其连词用and,表示忠告时用连词 otherwise,表示威胁时,用连词or。例如:Fail to pay and they will cut off the electricity . (不交 钱,他们就会中断供电。)这是客观的评论;Tell us what to do and we will get on with it . (如果 你告诉我们该做些什么,我们就会把它做好。) 这明显是请求;Put on you overcoat when you go out , otherwise you will catch cold . (外出时 你应该穿上大衣,不然的话你会感冒的。)显然 这是忠告;Drop that gun , or I will shoot you . (把枪放下,否则我就开枪打死你。)很明显,这 是威胁。 5. I posted the letter some time _____ the week . A. in B. during C. throughout D. within 答案是B项。如同感观动词一样,下面这些动 词后只能跟代词的宾格或名词的通格(如him , Mary),其后是"动词-ing":start , keep , stop , catch , find , leave , 如:When are you going to start him working for us ? (你打算什么时候让 他开始为我们工作,)。应该指出感观动词后的 宾语既可跟着"动词-ing"形式,又可跟着不带to 动词不定式,但以上这些动词后总跟着宾语,动 词-ing的形式。 6. I'd better not catch ______ that again ! A. your doing B. you doing C. you to do D. you being doing 答案是B项。如同感观动词一样,下面这些动 词后只能跟代词的宾格或名词的通格(如him , Mary),其后是"动词-ing":start , keep , stop , catch , find , leave , 如:When are you going to start him working for us ? (你打算什么时候让 他开始为我们工作,)。应该指出感观动词后的 宾语既可跟着"动词-ing"形式,又可跟着不带to 动词不定式,但以上这些动词后总跟着宾语,动 词-ing的形式。 7. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time - _______ an earlier train . A. if I had not caught B. unless I had caught C. if I did not catch D. unless I caught 答案是B项。if…not和unless有时可以互相替 换,但也有不能互相替换的时候。unless用于这 样的句子,即"如果A不受阻于B,A将发生", 例如:He will accept the job if the salary is not too low / unless the salary is too low . (如果薪水 不太低,他就会接受这一工作/除非薪水太低, 否则他会接受这一项工作的。)但是unless不能 用于"由于未发生B而发生A"的句子里,如:I will be quite glad if she does not come this evening (她今天晚上要是不来,我才高兴呢。) 又如:I will be surprised if he does not win the game next week . (如果他赢不了下星期那场比 赛,我倒会感到惊奇的。)在以上的两个句子中 不能使用unless,但是unless常用来引导一个谈 及过去的事后的想法,unless从句跟着主句,通 常用破折号而不是逗号将它与主句分开。第7 题的句意是:我不可能准时到会了-除非我当时 赶上更早一列火车。这个句子的实际是说:我没 有准时到会。我只有赶上更早的一趟火车,才能 准时到会。如果用if … not代替上面句中的 unless,那么这个句子就变成:I couldn't have got to the meeting on time if I hadn't caught an earlier train . (要不是我赶上了更早的一班火 车,我就不可能准时到会。)这句话表达的意思 与上句完全相反:我确实准时到会了,因为我赶 上了更早的一趟火车。 8. I'll have you ______ English in six months . A. speaking B. speak C. spoken D. be able to speak 答案是A项。"have ,宾语,doing"这一结构 有以下五种用法。(1)用来表示我们一心要取得 的效果,如:He promised to have me swimming across the river in two weeks' time . (他答应在 两周之内使我能游过那条河。);(2)用来表示 使宾语持续做某事,如:In cold winter we always have the fire burning day and night . (在冬天, 我们总是让火日以继夜地燃烧着。);(3)用来 表示不想发生的后果,如:Don't shout ! You will have the neighbors complaining ! (别大声嚷嚷~ 你会使邻居有的~);(4)用来表示说话人 控制不了的情况,如:We have salesmen or saleswomen calling every day . (我们每天都得 任凭推销员们的造访。);(5)这一结构前如用 can not 或won't,则表示"不能/愿容忍"宾语做 某事,如:I won't / can not have you speaking like that about your father . (我不允许/不能容 忍你那样无礼貌地谈论你自己的父亲。) 9. Our decision _____ was wise . A. of waiting B. to wait C. for waiting D. to be waiting 答案是B项。英语中一些名词总与不定式连用, 如:decision , wish 与 refusal等,使用这些名 词与使用它们的动词形式表达的内容是一致的, 请看下面三组例句:我们决定等待是明智的。 His wish to succeed is probable. 他希望成功,有可能。 Her refusal to help surprised us greatly. 她拒绝帮忙,使我们感到意外。 10. He's unlucky , and he's always suffering _____ luck one after another . A. a sick B. an ill C. sick D. ill 答案是D项。英语中的名词有可数与不可数之 分,luck是不可数名词,用来修饰贬意的luck 形容词有bad,poor或ill,这时ill的词义是: 不好的。 11. The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouraged ______ these for a sight-seeing . A. us from going B. us to go C. our going D. our to go 答案是A项。discourage与encourage互为反义 词。英语中说"鼓励某人做某事"时使用 encourage sb to do sth , 但如果要表示"使某人 没勇气做某事"时,不能想当然的以此类推: discourage sb to do sth , 这是不符合英语习惯 的错误表达方式,其正确形式是:discourage sb from doing sth 。 12. My dictionary ________ . I have looked for it everywhere but still ______ it . A. has lost ; do not find B. is missing ; do not find C. has lost ; have not found D. is missing ; have not found 答案是D项。lose是个及物动词,如果要表示 某物丢失了,只能用被动语态。A项与C项使 用的都是其主动形式。missing是形容词,其词 义是:lost ; not to be found (丢失了的),据此, 第一空缺处应填入is missing。根据语境,第二 个空缺处应填使用现在完成时的否定形式,因为 它可以表示目前还未发生的动作。 13. Shortly after the accident , two ______ police were sent to the spot to keep order . A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen 答案是D项。英语中一些表示数字的名词的前 面如果用了数词,这些名词必须是单数形式,如 dozen(一打),score(二十)和head (头) 等,例如: 另外两打鸡蛋another two dozen eggs ; 八十七 年前four score and seven years ago ; 五十五头 牲口fifty-five head of cattle 。但是如果这些名 词用来虚指某些可数名词时,这些名词呈复数形 式,其后更加上介词of例如:dozens of pencils (几十支铅笔)和scores of tame birds (几十只家 禽)。 14. Besides Tom , ______ Crosettes have two other sons , ______ of whom are all interested in making model planes . A.不填;two B. 不填;the two C. the ; three D. the ; the three 答案是D项。在英语的姓氏前使用定冠词,表 示的是这个姓氏的一家人或这个姓氏的夫妇; "the + 数词 + of + 代词"这一结构表示该代词 的总数是前面的数词表示的数量,而"数词,of ,代词"结构中的代词表示的量肯定大于前面 数词表示的数量,试比较:the five of us (我们这 五个人,us表示的就是五个人)而five of us (我 们中的五个人,us表示的数量肯定要多于五个 人)。 15. Mr. Zhang gave all the textbooks to all the pupils , except _____ who had already taken them . A. these B. ones C.the ones D. the others 答案是C项。one本来是数词,但也可用作不定 代词,代替前面刚提到的一个东西或人,避免重 复前面刚提到的名词,有时one可以有自己的定 语或冠词,甚至可以有复数形式,如:I don't like these pink shirts . Will you please show me the white ones ? (我不喜欢这些粉色的衬衣,请您把 那些白色的衬衣拿给我看看好吗,) 16. ______ professional violinist practises for several hours a day , but ______ violinist has his own way of playing the Beethoven concert . A. Each , every B. Every ; each C. All ; every D. Either ; every 答案是B项。虽然every与each在汉语中的词 意是:"每一个",但这两个代词的内涵不完全 一样。every与all含义很接近,如:He has read every book / all books on the subject . (有关这个 科目的书籍他全都读过了。)英文中常用every 进行概括,强调事物或人的总体性,而each则 表示个别概念,当我们说each violinist时,我 们想到的是每个不同的人做着不同的事。又如: We want every child to succeed , however each child will find his or her own personal road to success . (我们希望每个孩子都能成功,然而每 个孩子将会找到他或她个人的成功之路。) 17. The black horse is _____ of the pair . A. the strongest B. the stronger C. the strong D. quite strong 答案是B项。英语表示"两里择一的那一个更…" 的名词前的比较级前面应该使用定冠词the。 pair的词义是"一对"或"一双",此处的the pair 的词义是two horses fastened side by side to a cart (两匹套在车辕的马)。因此,此处应该使用 the stronger 。 18. The duties of a policeman are _____ than ____ . A. dangerouser ; a teacher B. more dangerous ; a teacher C. greater danger ; those of a teacher D. more dangerous ; those of a teacher 答案是D项。英语中由构词法派生出的形容词 或副词比较级与最高级一律前面加more各the most构成。dangerous是由danger派生出的形 容词,因此其比较级是more dangerous ; 在比 较句中,一定要使比较的东西是一致的。为了避 免重复,需比较的对象如果是单数,应该使用 that of…代替,如果需比较的对象是复数,则用 those of …,请看以下两个例句,并理解上述说 法:The climate in Florida is as mild as in California . (佛罗里达州的气候与加州的气候一 样暖和。) Classes in universities are more difficult than those in colleges . (大学本科的课 程比大学专科的课程更难。) 19. It is a rule in his family that ______ comes home earlier should cook the dinner for the family . A. Anybody B. who C. who that D. whoever 答案是D项。whoever有两个词义,(1)no matter who,在这种用法时引导一个让步状语从句,如: Whoever ( = No matter who ) it is , I do not want to see them . (无论他是谁,我都不想见。), 又如:The business would be a success , whoever ( no matter who ) owned it . (这个企业准能兴旺 发达,甭管谁是它的主人。);(2)anybody / that, 在这种用法时,它连接一个名词性从句,在本题 中它连的是主语从句,又如:I will take whoever ( anybody that ) wants to go to that beautiful park . (我要带任何想去那个美丽公园的人去那 里。)在这一例句中whoever连接的是一个宾语 从句。 20. I really wonder ______ he has posted me many parcels _____ we worked together . A. how ; after B. why ; when C. when ; before D. why ; since 答案是D项。英语中的连词since有这样的特性: 终止其后从句中的延续性的谓语动词的动作。第 二个空白处填入since之后,这个从句的意思是: 自从我们不在一起工作起。此外,since还可使 其后从句里的非延续性的谓语动词延续。例如: It is 15 years since he joined the Army . (他参军 已经十五年了。) 21 . -How long _______ each other before they ________ married ? -For about a year . A. have they known ; get B. did they know ; were going to get C. do they know ; are going to get D. had they known ; got 答案是D项。根据句意分析,他们结婚已是过 去的事,那末,他们互相了解大约一年的时间肯 定发生在结婚前,发生在过去某一动作之前的动 作,应该使用过去完成时。 22. Michael ______ here to see you and he ______ a note on your desk . A. has come ; has left B. has been ; has left C. has come ; left D. has been ; left 答案是D项。此处的has been here表示"刚才 到这儿来过",从字面上看这个表达方式是现在 完成时,但实际上这个表达方式的内涵是该人已 不在此处了。因此这个动作是发生在过去的事, 那末该在你的书桌上留便条的动作也该用一般 过去时 23. -When ______ and visit our exhibition next month ? -When _______ , I will let you know . A. will he come ; he will come B. will he come ; he comes C. does he come ; he will come D. does he come ; he comes 答案是B项。第一句中的时间状语next month 确定了这句的一般将来时的时态,然而第二句是 由when引导的时间状语从句,在时间状语从句 中只能用一般现在时表示的是一般将来时。 24. Mrs. Green wants to buy that kind of cloth because she ______ that the cloth _____ very well . A. has been told ; washes B. is told ; is washed C. has been told ; is washed D. is told ; is washed 答案是A项。根据语境第一个空白处应该使用 现在完成时的被动语态,第二个空白处应该选用 washes,因为wash这个动词也可作不及物动词 使用,它的词意是"耐洗"。英语中This cloth washes well表达的是:这布很耐洗。 25. It's nearly seven o'clock . Jack _____ be here at any moment . A. must B. need C. should D. can 答案是C项。根据语境空白处应填表示具有"随 时可能"意义的情态动词。虽然can可以表示可 能性,但它往往表示的是对这种可能性的怀疑。 例如:Can he still be alive after all these years ? (这么多年之后,他还可能活在人世吗,) should 除具有"应该"词义之外,还有一个含义是:will probably (将来很可能发生)又如:His uncle is working among the enemy officials now . Dangerous things should happen to him at any time . (他的叔叔现在在敌人的军营中工作,危险 的事随时都可能发生在他身上。) 26. I _____ you somewhere before , but your name has escaped me _____ moment . A. must see ; for a moment B. must have seen ; for a moment C. must see ; for the moment D. must have seen ; for the moment 答案是D项。must与不定式的完成体连用表示 对过去发生的事持肯定态度的推断,在疑问句中 用can,在持否定态度的推断时用can not 。例 如:He must have rid himself of his preumonia last week , for you see , he doesn't cough at all now . (他在上星期肯定治愈了他的肺炎,你看, 他现在一点都不咳嗽了。) for a moment表示一 个动作延续了一会儿,而for the moment 则表 示"目前;暂时" 27. We're leaving at six o'clock , and hope _____ most of the journey by lunch time . A. to do B. to have done C. to make D. to have made 答案是B项。要答对这道题需要两方面的知识。 一是不定式的完成体用来表示这个动作发生在 谓语动作之前,或是表示该动作的完成。本题中 的不定式的完成体表示的正是该动作的完成,因 此这句话可改写为:We're leaving at six o'clock , and hope that we will have done most the journey by lunch time . (我们将在六点时动身, 希望在午饭前走完大半路程。)第二,知识是与 journey连用的不同的动词所具有的不同的内 涵。词组to make a journey或to go on a journey 都表示"做一次旅行",在这两个词组里a journey是一个整体,但是如果要表示旅程中的 一部分,正确的英语则使用do这个动词,例如: do some / much / most of the journey (走完这个 旅程的一部分/大部分/绝大部分) 28. She was afraid _____ the dog in case it became dangerous . A. of exciting B. to excite C. that she excited D. to be exciting 答案是B项。be afraid后面既可以跟不定式be afraid to sth又可以跟动名词be afraid of doing sth , 但前者的意思是:害怕/不敢做某事;后者 的意思为:对可能出现的结果的发愁或忧虑,试 比较以下两个句子: She was afraid to wake up her husband . ( perhaps because she feared that he would be annoyed or angry ) 她不敢唤醒她的丈夫。(可 能因为她害怕他会不高兴或生气) She was afraid of waking up her husband . ( perhaps because he was ill , or in need of extra sleep )她担心吵醒了她的丈夫。(可能因为他生 病了或需要一些额外的睡眠) 29. The bad weather meant ______ the rocket launch (发射) for 48 hours . A. delaying B. having delayed C. to delay D. to have delayed 答案是A项。mean后既可以跟不定式(mean to do sth),又可以跟名词mean doing sth,便两 者内涵是有很大区别的,前者表示"故意去做; 诚心去做"而后者表示"意味着要做"。据此两个 不定式的选项应予以排除。虽然句中有表示延续 一段时间的时间状语,但句意是:恶劣的天气意 味着火箭的发射要耽搁四十八小时,"耽搁"这 一动作没有也不能发生在谓语动词meant之前, 所以C项也必须排除掉。 30. Do you consider it any good _____ the truck again ? A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. being repairing 答案是B项。在这个句子中it是形式宾语,如 果这样的句子中出现了any good , no good , any use 或 no use,就该使用动名词来作句中真正 的宾语。 31. ______ to somebody , a British person after shakes hands with the stranger . A. Introducing B. To introduce C. To be introduced D. On being introduced 答案是D项。很明显,句中的空白处应 选用非 谓语动词的被动形式。如果将C项填入空白处, 虽然这个不定式是被动形式,但不定式短语处于 句首或是充当目的的状语,或是充当含有虚拟意 义的动名词时,其意为:"一…就…",但如介 词on后带被动态的动名词,除上述意义外,还 可表示:"在…的时候"。D项答案的这个意义 正符合上面句子的句意。 32. _____ in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him . A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To 答案是C项。过去分词有三个用途:(1)表示 被动,如:the oppressed people ( = the people who are oppressed ) 被压迫的人们,又如:the exploited class ( = the class that is exploited ) 被 剥削阶级;(2)表示完成,如:the fallen leaves ( = the leaves which have fallen ) 落叶,又如: an escaped prisoner ( = a prisoner who has run out of prison ) 一个逃犯;(3)表示状态,如:a broken window ( = a window that is broken ) 一扇破窗子,又如:lost in thought陷入沉思。 33. Let us not waste ______ time we have left . A. the little B. little C. a little D. a little more 答案是A项,一般地说,不定代词many , little 或few前是不许使用定冠词的,但是如果它们修 饰的名词有特指或限定意义时,它们前面就应使 用定冠词了。如:I soon finished the few books she had lent me . (她借给我的那几本书,我很快 就看完了。)又如:We must make full use of the contradictions among the enemies , winning over the many and opposing the few . (我们必须 充分利用敌人的内部矛盾,争取多数,反对少数。) 34. I think the doctor is able to care of _____ is the matter with your son . A. all B. what C. whatever D. anything 答案是C项。与前面第19题的考查点whoever 一样,whatever也具备两个意思,其一是no matter what , 引导让步状语从句;其二是 anything that , 引导名词性从句,在本题中, Whatever 引导的是一个宾语从句,whatever在 这个宾语从句被用作主语。 35. We will take _____ wants to go there for a sight-seeing . A. whoever B. who C. anybody D. all that 答案是A项。whoever有两个词义,(1)no matter who,在这种用法时引导一个让步状语从句,如: Whoever ( = No matter who ) it is , I do not want to see them . (无论他是谁,我都不想见。), 又如:The business would be a success , whoever ( no matter who ) owned it . (这个企业准能兴旺 发达,甭管谁是它的主人。);(2)anybody / that, 在这种用法时,它连接一个名词性从句,在本题 中它连的是主语从句,又如:I will take whoever ( anybody that ) wants to go to that beautiful park . (我要带任何想去那个美丽公园的人去那 里。)在这一例句中whoever连接的是一个宾语 从句 36. I caught the last bus from town , but Harry came home ______ that night . A. very late B. even later C. the same late D. the last one 答案是B项。形容词或副词的比较级在一般情 况下使用在明示比较句中,但有时也使用在暗示 比较句中。暗示比较现象往往出现在带有but 的并列句里,或带有让步状语从句的主句里。第 一分句交代的是暗示某种程度的被比对象,在第 二分句里以比较级的形式出现。又如:Great as are his achievements , his ideal and spirit are still greater . (他的成就非常了不起,但他的理想 和精神更伟大。) 37. -What was the party like ? -Wonderful . It is years _____ I enjoyed myself so much . A. after B. when C. before D. since 答案是D项。英语中"It is + 时间"后三种不同 的用法。其一是:"It is + 时间+ that …",这是 强调结构的句型,如:It is always on Wednesday morning that the famous professor comes to give us a lecture about Chinese literature . (那位 著名的教授来给我上中国文学课总是在星期三 上午);其二是:"It is +一段时间before …", 这一句型的意思是:完成这个从句所发生的事所 需的时间量,如:It is about a week before a Londoner can get a letter you post in Beijing today . (一个伦敦人要收到你今天在北京寄出的 一封信需要一个星期的时间。);其三是:"It is + 一段时间,since …"这一句型表示的是从从句 中动词的动作起所延续的时间。关于since这个 词的内涵,详见前面的第20小题。 38. A man does not know the difficulty of anything _____ he does it personally . A. although B. if C. because D. unless 答案是D项。连词unless本身具有否定意义: if … not,引导的是否定的条件句,这种否定的 条件句从反面来表达强烈的语气,一些语法学家 称它为"反面的唯一条件句"又如:One cannot master a foreign language well unless he studies it hard . (不下苦功夫,是学不好的一门外国语 的。) 39. Mary ______ to see you . She _____ for you downstairs at the moment . A. has come ; is waiting B. came ; is waiting C. has come ; waited D. came ; was waiting 答案是A项。思考这道题时应该使用逆向思维, 即先考虑第二个空白处的选项,再考虑第一空白 处的答案。因为第二句中交代了一个重要的时间 状语:at the moment (现在),因此应毫不犹豫 地选择is waiting这一现在进行时的时态。据此 第一句的句意也就随之清晰起来?quot;玛丽已 经到这儿来看望你"很明显对表示对现在造成 影响的动作要使用现在完成时态。 40. -Have you ever seen Peter recently ? -Yes . He _____ me to ask you how you _____ along with your new job these days . A. has asked ; have been getting B. asked ; were getting C. often asks ; are getting D. asked ; are getting 答案是D项。问方的所问被完整地给出:"近来你见到彼德了吗,"答方给予的第一个答复是肯定的,那末后面解释他一彼德见面时所做事肯定是过去的事,因此第一个空应该使用asked。第二空是否受asked的制约,要由离第二个空白处最近的动词决定,离它近的是动词不定式to ask,据此根据句意,第二个空白处应该使用现在进行时。 41.--Is that the small town you often refer to,(2005福建卷) --Right,just the one____ you know I used to work for years. A. that B. which C. where D. what 分析:答案是C。由语境和句子结构可知,you know为插入语,将其去掉更易看出the one是指the small town,因此该空应该填where引导定语从句。 42.Mom is coming. What present _________for your birthday, (2005福建卷) ,,,A. you expect you have got ,,,B. you expect has she got ,,,C.do you expect she has got ,,,D. do you expect has she got ,,,分析:答案是C。由语境和句子结构得知,后一句为带插入语do you expect的特殊疑问句,插入语后面内容应视为宾语从句且采用陈述语序。 43.It is what you do rather than what you say______matters. (2005天津卷) A. that B. what C. which D. this 分析:答案是A。由语境和句子结构可知,该句为强调句型,被强调部分是由rather than连接的并列主语从句担当。 44.An awful accident, however, _____occur the other day. ,,,A. does B. did C. has to D had to 此题正确答案应选B,句末的the other day意 为“前几天”,所以句子应用过去时态,而选项 D填进去不合题意,故选B。此句有两个难点: 一是句中插有however一词,分散了同学们的 注意力;二是所填选项B为强调用法。 45.The boss praised the young man for his hard work, though he ____ experience. ,,,A. is lack of B. is lacking in C. lacks of D. is lacking of 此题答案选b,be lacking in是习语,意为“缺 乏”,其后通常接experience, frankness, courage等抽象名词。选a是错误的,因为lack 可用做名词和动词,但不用做形容词;选c是 错误的,因为lack用做动词时,它是及物动 词,其后不用介词(注:用做名词的 lack后可 接介词of);选d是错误的,因为没有be lacking of这个搭配。
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