孕妇B超报告单详细解说

孕妇B超单详细解说 妊娠是一个复杂的过程，卵子受精后，进入宫腔，胚胎及附属物迅速生长发育直至成熟的过程中，每个孕周都会有不同的变化。在孕早期的各个周里你的小宝宝会是什么样呢，下面的文章会详细告诉你。 4周:胎儿只有0(2厘米。受精卵刚完成着床，羊膜腔才形成，体积很小。超声还看不清妊娠迹象。 5周:胎儿长到0(4厘米，进入了胚胎期，羊膜腔扩大，原始心血管出现，可有搏动。b超可看见小胎囊，胎囊约占宫腔不到1/4，或可见胎芽。 6周:胎儿长到0(85厘米，胎儿头部、脑泡、额面器官、呼吸、消化、神经等器官分化，b超胎囊清晰可见，并见胎芽及胎心跳。 7周:胎儿长到1(33厘米，胚胎已具有人雏形，体节已全部分化，四肢分出，各系统进一步发育。b超清楚看到胎芽及胎心跳，胎囊约占宫腔的l,3。 8周:胎儿长到1(66厘米，胎形已定，可分出胎头、体及四肢，胎头大于躯干。b超可见胎囊约占官腔1,2，胎儿形态及胎动清楚可见，并可看见卵黄囊。 9周:胎儿长到2(15厘米，胎儿头大于胎体，各部现更清晰，头颅开始钙化、胎盘开始发育。b超可见胎囊几乎占满宫腔，胎儿轮廓更清晰，胎盘开始出现。 10周:胎儿长到2(83厘米，胎儿各器官均已形成，胎盘雏形形成。b超可见胎囊开始消失，月芽形胎盘可见，胎儿活跃在羊水中 。 11周:胎儿长到3(62厘米，胎儿各器官进一步发育，胎盘发育。b超可见胎囊完全消失，胎盘清晰可见。 12周:胎儿长到4.58厘米，外生殖器初步发育，如有畸形可以表现，头颅钙化更趋完善。颅骨光环清楚，可测双顶径，明显的畸形可以诊断，此后各脏器趋向完善。 孕期通过b超判断胎儿的发育的大小是较有参考价值的一种，孕妇在做b超的时候会看到检查报告上有一些数值，这些数值就是告诉你宝宝的发育大小。要想读懂这些数字，你需要仔细阅读下面的文章。 孕13周:双顶径的平均值为2.52士 0.25'腹围的平均值为6.90士l.65'股骨长为1.17士0.31. 孕14周:双顶径的平均值为2.83士0.57'腹围的平均值为7.77士1.82'股骨长为1.38士0.48. application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 孕15周:双顶径的平均值为3.23士0.51'腹围的平均值为9.13士1.56'股骨长为1.74士0.58. 孕16周:双顶径的平均值为3.62士0.58'腹围的平均值为 10.32士1.92'股骨长为 2.10士0.51. 孕17周:双顶径的平均值为3.97士0.44'腹围的平均值为11.49士1.62'股骨长为 2.52士0.44. 孕18周:双顶径的平均值为4.25士0.53'腹围的平均值为12.41士l.89'股骨长为2.71士0.46. 孕19周:双顶径的平均值为4.52士0.53'腹围的平均值为13.59士2.30'股骨长为3.03士0.50. 孕20周:双顶径的平均值为4.88士0.58'腹围的平均值为14.80士l.89'股骨长为3.35士o.47. 孕21周:双顶径的平均值为5.22士0.42'腹围的平均值为15.62士1.84'股骨长为3.64士0.40. 孕22周:双顶径的平均值为5.45士0.57'腹围的平均值为16.70士2.23'股骨长为3.82士0.47. 孕23周:双顶径的平均值为5.80士0.44'腹围的平均值为17.90士1.85'股骨长为4.21士0.41. 孕24周:双顶径的平均值为6.05士0.50'腹围的平均值为18.74士2.23'股骨长为4.36士0.51. 孕25周:双顶径的平均值为6.39士0.70'腹围的平均值为19.64士2.20'股骨长为4.65士0.42. 孕26周:双顶径的平均值为6.68士0.61'腹围的平均值为21.62士2.30'股骨长为4.87士o.41. 孕27周:双顶径的平均值为6.98士0.57'腹围的平均值为21.81士2.12'股骨长为5.10士0.41. 孕28周:双顶径的平均值为7.24士o.65'腹围的平均值为22.86士2.41'股骨长为5.35士0.55. 孕29周:双顶径的平均值为7.50士0.65，腹围的平均值为:23.71士1.50'股骨长的平均值为5.61士0.44. application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 孕30周:双顶径的平均值为7.83士0.62'腹围的平均值为:24.88士2.03'股骨长的平均值为5.77士0.47. 孕31周:双顶径的平均值为8.06士0.60'腹围的平均值为:25.78士2.32'股骨长的平均值为6.03士0.38. 孕32周:双顶径的平均值为8.17士0.65'腹围的平均值为:26.20士2.33'股骨长的平均值为6.43士0.49. 孕33周:双顶径的平均值为8.50士0.47'腹围的平均值为27.78:士2.30'股骨长的平均值为6.52士0.46. 孕34周:双顶径的平均值为8.61士0.63'腹围的平均值为:27.99士2.55'股骨长的平均值为6.62士0.43. 孕35周:双顶径的平均值为8.70士0.55'腹围的平均值为:28.74士2.88'股骨长的平均值为6.71士0.45. 孕36周:双顶径的平均值为8.81士0.57'腹围的平均值为:29.44士2.83'股骨长的平均值为6.95士0.47. 孕37周:双顶径的平均值为9.00士0.63'腹围的平均值为:30.14士2017'股骨长的平均值为7.10士0.52. 孕38周:双顶径的平均值为9.08士0.59'腹围的平均值为:30.63士2.83'股骨长的平均值为7.20士0.43. 孕39周:双顶径的平均值为9.21士0.59'腹围的平均值为:31.34士3.12'股骨长的平均值为7.34士0.53. 孕40周:双顶径的平均值为9.28士0.50'腹围的平均值为:31.49士2.79'股骨长的平均值为7.4士0.53. ========================================= 双顶径:,,,代表胎头双顶径，是指胎儿头两边直径测量的数据，也是推算胎儿大小的指标之一。按一般规律，怀孕3个月时小于3 厘米;在怀孕5个月以后，基本与怀孕月份相符，也就是说，妊娠28周(7个月)时,,,约为7厘米，32周(8个月)时约为8厘米，以此类推。怀孕8个月以后，平均每周增长约为0.2厘米为正常。 胎盘位置:位置是说明胎盘在子宫壁的位置;胎盘的正常厚度应在2.5~5厘米之间;有的报告单上将胎盘位置分为iii级，i级为胎盘成熟的早期阶段，回声均application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 匀，在怀30~32周可见到此种变化;ii级表示胎盘接近成熟;iii级提示胎盘已经成熟。越接近足月，胎盘越成熟，回声的不均匀。如果胎盘位置检测过低，就有可能堵住宫颈口，影响正常的分娩。 羊水范围:羊水范围的数值可以间接的判断胎儿有无异常，一般来讲，羊水深度在3~7厘米之间为正常，超过7厘米为羊水增多，少于3厘米为羊水减少。如果羊水范围过多表明胎儿的神经管或消化道有可能异常;如果羊水范围过少则可能是胎儿泌尿系统出现了问题。 胎 动:胎动能表明胎儿在宫内的正常状况，是用来预测胎儿在宫内安危的重要信号。从怀孕的第18,20周以后，大多数准妈妈可以感觉到胎动了，开始较轻微，次数也较少。怀孕的28,32周，胎动最强烈，怀孕36,38周以后，胎动幅度、次数逐渐减少。胎动在上午8,12时比较均匀，午后2,3时最少，晚上6,10时最频繁。如果报告单写明“有”、“强”为正常，“无”、“弱”可能胎儿在睡眠中，也可能为异常情况，要结合其他项目综合。 ,、胎囊:胎囊只在怀孕早期见到。在孕1.5个月时直径约2厘米，2.5个月时约5厘米为正常。胎囊位置在子宫的宫底、前壁、后壁、上部、中部都属正常;形态圆形、椭圆形、清晰为正常;如胎囊为不规则形、模糊，且位置在下部，孕妇同时有腹痛或阴道流血时，可能要流产。 ,、胎头:轮廓完整为正常，缺损、变形为异常，脑中线无移位和无脑积水为正常。bpd代表胎头双顶径，怀孕到足月时应达到9.3厘米或以上。按一般规律，在孕5个月以后，基本与怀孕月份相符，也就是说，妊娠28周(7个月)时bpd约为7.0厘米，孕32周(8个月)时约为8.0厘米，以此类推。孕8个月以后，平均每周增长约为0.2厘米为正常。 ,、胎心:有、强为正常，无、弱为异常。胎心频率正常为每分钟120-160次之间。 ,、股骨长度:是胎儿大腿骨的长度，它的正常值与相应的怀孕月份的bpd值差2-3厘米左右，比如说bpd为9.3厘米，股骨长度应为7.3厘米;bpd为8.9厘米，股骨长度应为6.9厘米等。 ,、脊椎:胎儿脊柱连续为正常，缺损为异常，可能脊柱有畸形。 ,、脐带:正常情况下，脐带应漂浮在羊水中，如在胎儿颈部见到脐带影像，可能为脐带绕颈。 ======================================== ac —— 腹围 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check aptd —— 腹部前后间的厚度，又称为“腹部前后径”。在检查胎儿腹部的发育状况以及推定胎儿体重时，需要测量该数据。 bdp —— 双顶径 头部左右两侧之间最长部位的长度，又称为“头部大横径”。当初期无法通过crl来确定预产日时，往往通过bpd来预测;中期以后，在推定胎儿体重时，往往也需要测量该数据。 crl —— 头臀长 为头臀距，表示胎体纵轴平行测量最大的长轴，主要用于判定孕7~12周的胎龄。 hc —— 头围 fl —— 股骨长 胎儿的大腿骨的长度，又称为“大腿骨长”。大腿骨是指大腿根部到膝部的长度。一般在妊娠20周左右，通过测量fl来检查胎儿的发育状况。 gs —— 胎囊 月经规则的妇女，停经35天，b超就可在宫腔内看到孕囊。在怀孕1.5个月时孕囊直径约2厘米，2.5个月时约5厘米。胎囊位置在子宫的宫底、前壁、后壁、上部、中部都属正常;形态圆形、椭圆形、清晰为正常;如胎囊为不规则形、模糊，且位置在下部，孕妇同时有腹痛或阴道流血时，可能要流产。 hl —— 肱骨长 ttd —— 腹部的宽度，又称为“腹部横径”。在妊娠20周之后，与aptd一起来对胎儿的发育情况进行检查。有时也会测量腹部的面积 gp —— 胎盘分级，一般胎盘分为0，i ，ii，iii级，有时还有iii+级 afi —— 羊水指数，做b超时，以孕妇的脐部为中心，分上，下，左，右4区域，将4个区域的羊水深度相加，就得到羊水指数，孕晚期羊水指数的正常值是8~18(24)厘米。 s/d —— 胎儿脐动脉收缩压与舒张压的比值，与胎儿供血相关，当胎盘功能不良或脐带异常时此比值会出现异常，在正常妊娠情况下，随孕周增加胎儿需要增加s下降，d升高，使比值下降，近足月妊娠时s/d小于3。 胎儿体重预测: 公式1: y,,4973.72，260.69hc 公式2: y,,2686.60，171.48ac 公式3: y,,2232.56，747.42fl 公式4: y,,2513.51，1049.90fth application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 公式5: y,,5168.32，100.97hc，110.86ac，143.09fl，331.43fth 说明: 1. 可以使用其中任一个公式计算，公式5的精度最高。 2. 参数的含义如下，参数可以从b超单中查到: y: 胎儿体重的估算值(g) hc: 头围 ac: 腹围 fl: 股骨长 fth: 胎儿腿部皮下脂肪厚度 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check