护士都知道,医生都明白 !!!

护士都知道,医生都明白 !!! 护士都知道，医生都明白 ～～～ 1、全身骨与关节结核中发病率最高的是(脊柱结核)。 2、诊断感染性心内膜炎的最重要方法是(血培养)。 3、抢救由心室颤动引起的心脏骤停时，最有效的方法是(非同步电击复律)。 4、发现早期直肠Ca最有意义的方法是(直肠镜)。 5、最常见的子宫肌瘤变性是(玻璃样变). 6、肾病综合征最基本的表现是(尿蛋白大于3.5g/24h)。 7、确诊肿瘤最可靠的方法是(病理学检查)。 8、法鲁四联征最早且主要的表现是(青紫)。 9、对原发性慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症的诊断最有意义的血检结果是(皮质醇下降)。 10、复苏后治疗，保证一切复苏奏效最重要的是(脑复苏)。 1、引起牙周脓肿最常见的病原菌是(甲型溶血性链球菌)。 2、体内CO2分压最高的部位是(组织液)。 3、易位型21,三体综合征最常见的核型是〔46，XY，-14，，t(14q21q)〕。 4、洋地黄中毒最常见的心电图表现是(室性期前收缩)。 5、鉴别水肿型和出血坏死型胰腺炎最有价值的是(Cullen征)。 6、预防手术后肺不张最主要的措施是(多翻身多做深呼吸，鼓励咳嗽)。 7、最常见的卵巢肿瘤并发症是(蒂扭转)。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 8、急性白血病引起贫血最重要的原因是(红系增殖受白血病细胞的干扰)。 9、急性心肌梗死早期最重要的治疗措施是(心肌灌注)。 10、结肠癌最早出现的临床症状是(排便习惯和粪便性状的改变)。 1、导致阑尾穿孔最主要的因素是(阑尾腔阻塞)。 2、最先提出“不伤害”的西方医学家是(希波克拉底)。 3、最常见的女性生殖器结核是(输卵管结核)。 4、偏盲型视野缺损最常见于(垂体腺瘤鞍上发展)。 5、胃溃疡最常见的位置是(胃窦小弯侧)。 6、对霍奇金淋巴瘤最具诊断意义的细胞是(R-S细胞)。 7、右心衰竭患者最有诊断意义的体征是(胸骨左缘3,4肋间闻及舒张期奔马律)。 8、伤寒最严重的并发症是(肠穿孔)。 9、血浆蛋白质中含量最多的是(清蛋白)。 10、后纵隔肿瘤最常见的是(神经源性肿瘤)。 1、深静脉血栓形成最常见于(下肢深静脉)。 2、正态分布的数值变量资料，描述离散趋势的指标最好选用(差)。 3、对慢性疾病进行现况调查，最适宜计算的指标是(患病率)。 4、大肠癌诊断和术后监测最有意义的肿瘤标志物是(CEA)。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 5、右侧结肠癌最多见的大体形态是(肿块型)。 6、胃窦部溃疡的最佳手术方式是(胃大部切除胃十二指肠吻合术)。 7、烧伤最常见的死亡原因是(休克)。 8、急性感染性心内膜炎最常见的致病菌是(金黄色葡萄球菌)。 9、在感染过程中的5种表现中所占比例最低但最易识别的是(显性感染)。 10、了解子宫内膜周期性变化最可靠的诊断依据是(诊断性刮宫)。 1、难以鉴别的肾癌和肾囊肿最可靠的鉴别方法是(肾动脉造影)。 2、肌肉中最主要的脱氨基方式是(嘌呤核苷酸循环)。 3、医学伦理学中最古老、最有生命力的医德范畴是(医疗保密)。 4、最有助于诊Crohn病的病理改变是(非干酪性肉芽肿)。 5、诱发DIC最常见的病因为(革兰氏阴性细菌感染)。 6、卵巢上皮癌患者血清CA125检测值最具有特异性意义的是(浆液性腺癌)。 7、老年心力衰竭患者症状加重的最常见的诱因是(呼吸道感染)。 8、心肌梗死24小时内并发急性左心衰时，最不宜用(洋地黄)。 9、腺垂体功能减退症最常见的原因是(各种垂体肿瘤)。 10、中枢性尿崩症患者控制多尿最适宜的药物是〔去氨加压素(弥凝)〕。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 1、造成先天性甲状腺功能低下的最主要的原因是(甲状腺不发育或发育不全)。 2、弥漫性毛细血管内增生性肾小球肾炎最主要的病变是(毛细血管内皮细胞及系膜细胞增生)。 3、慢性粒细胞白血病与类白血病反应最主要的区别是(Ph染色体阳性)。 4、硫酸镁中毒时最早出现的是(膝反射消失)(此题2008年助理重复再现)。 5、最常见的子宫肌瘤类型是(肌壁间肌瘤)(此题2008年助理重复再现)。 6、推行临床科学合理用血的最主要目的是(保护血液资源)。 7、引起脑萎缩最常见的原因是(脑动脉粥样硬化)。 8、下列组织中最易完全再生修复的是(上皮组织)(此题2007年助理重复再现)。 9、早期动脉粥样硬化病变，最早进入动脉内膜的细胞是(巨噬细胞)。 10、AIDS患者肺部机会性感染最常见的病原体是(肺孢子虫)。 1、社区获得性肺炎最常见的致病菌是(肺炎链球菌)。 2、确诊高功能性甲状腺结节，最有意义的检查是(放射性核素扫描)。 3、结核结节中最具有诊断意义的细胞成分是(郎格汉斯细胞和上皮样细胞)。 4、核酸对紫外线的最大吸收峰值是(260nm)。 5、保存期内的全血最主要的有效成分是(红细胞)。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 6、诊断缺铁性贫血最肯定的依据是(骨髓小粒可染铁消失)。 7、治疗消化性溃疡患者上腹部疼痛效果最好的是(质子泵抑制剂)。 8、流行性乙型脑炎病变最轻微的部位是(脊髓)。 9、左向右分流型先心病最常见的并发症是(肺炎)。 10、细胞膜在静息情况下，对下列哪种离子通透性最大(K，)。 1、引起抗利尿激素分泌最敏感的因素是(血浆晶体渗透压增高)。 2、在心动周期中，心室内压力上升最快的阶段是(等容收缩期)。 3、胆汁中含量最多的有机成分是(胆汁酸)。 4、外科病人最易发生水和钠代谢紊乱是(等渗性缺水)。 5、甲型流感病毒最易发生变异的成分是(神经氨酸酶和血凝素)。(上题很重要，结合了时事) 6、急性心肌梗死时，血清酶特异性最高的是(CPK-MB)。 7、细菌性痢疾肠道病变最显著的部位是在(乙状结肠和直肠)。 8、早期诊断急性血源性骨髓炎最有价值的方法是(局部分层穿刺)。 9、恶性肿瘤种值性转移到盆腔，最多见的是(胃癌)。 10、脱敏治疗的最佳适应征为(恐怖症)。 1、胫骨中下1/3骨折最常见的并发症是(骨折延迟愈合)。 2、腰椎间盘突出症最常见的部位是(L5)。 3、慢性支气管炎发展成阻塞性肺气肿的过程中，最先发生的病理改变是(细支气管不完全阻塞)。 4、消除支气管哮喘气炎症最有效的药物是(糖皮质激素)。 5、争性颅内压增高，有脑疝征象时，应立即使用下列哪种药物最佳accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation (20,甘露醇)。 6、颅内肿瘤中最多见的是(神经上皮性肿瘤)。 7、改善急性左心衰竭症状最有效的药物是(利尿剂)。 8、诊断急性胰腺炎最广泛应用的化验指标是(血清淀粉酶)。 9、风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄最具有诊断价值的检查是(心脏听诊)。 10、对绿脓杆菌(铜绿假单胞菌)作用最强的氨基苷类抗生素是(妥布霉素)。 1、正常人脑脊液中糖的最低含量为(2.5mmol/L)。 2、某医师欲采用横断面调查研究的方法，调查高血压病在人群中的分布情况，选择最合适的指标为(发病率)。 3、鉴别肾盂肾炎和下尿路感染最有意义的是(尿中白细胞管型)。 4、诊断甲状腺高功能性腺瘤最佳的检查是(甲状腺核素扫描)。 5、治疗重度一氧化碳中毒首选的氧疗是(高压氧舱)。 6、变异性心绞痛患者首选的药物是(硝苯地平)。 7、劳累时有心绞痛及晕厥发作的主动脉狭窄患者首选治疗为(主动脉瓣膜置换术)。 8、陈旧性心肌梗死患者，心电图示频发室性期前收缩，首选药物是(B受体阻滞剂)。 9、根据症状和体征提示有胸腔积液时，需确定是否有胸腔积液应首选的检查是(胸片)。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 10、室性心动过速伴严重血流动力学障碍时，终止发作的首选方法是(同步电复律)。 1、使慢性粒细胞白血病达到血液学缓解的首选药物是(羟基脲)。 2、SLE，狼疮肾炎(病理为IV型)首选的免疫抑制剂为(环磷酰胺)。 3、下列治疗军团菌感染的首选药物是(红霉素)。 4、全身强直,阵挛性发作和失神发作合并发生时，药物治疗首选(丙戊酸钠)。 5、肺炎球菌肺炎治疗的首选抗生素是(苄星青霉素)。 6、婴儿化脓性脑膜炎环疑合并硬膜下积液，首选的简便诊断方法是(颅透光检查)。 7、治疗慢性粒细胞性白血病，首选(羟基脲)。 8、变异性心绞痛首选(地尔硫卓)。 9、治疗脑膜白血病首选药物是(甲氨蝶呤)。 10、代谢性酸中毒在没有发展到循环衰竭程度时，首选治疗应该是(实施病因治疗)。 1、为感染性休克病人迅速纠正血容量不足时，下列各组液体中首选的是(以平衡盐溶液为主，配合适量血浆和全血)。 2、疑为垂体腺瘤时，定位诊断首选(MRI)。 3、新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病时发生惊厥，首选的药物是(苯巴比妥钠)。 4、慢性再障的治疗首选(丙酸睾酮肌内注射)。 5、高泌乳素血症的药物治疗是(溴隐亭)。 6、诊断尿道结石首选的X线检查是(腹部平片，静脉尿路造影)。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 7、三叉神经痛首选(卡巴西平) 8、合并双侧肾动脉狭窄的高血压患者降压不宜首选(血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂) 9、合并冠状动脉痉挛心绞能的高血压宜首选(B受体阻滞剂)。 10、准备进行骨髓移杆的患者需要输血改善贫血症状，首选的血液制品为(少白细胞的红细胞)。 1、成人股骨干骨折，并有足背及胫动脉搏动细弱，其首选的治疗方法是(切开复位内固定)。 2、诊断胆囊结石首选的检查方法是(B超)。 3、I期子宫内膜癌患者的治疗首选(手术治疗)。 4、下列治疗军团菌的首选药物是(红霉素)。 5、青春期甲状腺肿，肿大明显时首选治疗方法是(口服甲状腺素片)。 6、为确定肝脓肿穿刺点或手术引流进路，首选的辅助检查方法是(B超)。 7、上消化道出血时，为寻找出血的病因，首选的检查方法是(胃镜检查)(而不是大便隐血试验或上消化道钡餐)。 8、正常足月儿的皮肤外观特点是(肤色红润，皮下脂肪丰满)。 9、内脏病的主要特点是(定位不精确)(而不是对牵拉不敏感或是必有牵涉痛)。 10、老年急性阑尾炎的临床特点是(阑尾容易缺血、坏死)。 1。牙痛:乙酰螺旋霉素片+甲硝唑 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 乙酰螺旋霉素片+人工牛黄【消炎】 乙酰螺旋霉素片+糖甾醇片 2。干咳:百合固定口服液 养阴清肺 3。白痰:固本止咳膏 4。黄痰:急支糖浆 肺力咳合剂 等等。。。。。。 白痰和黄痰都可以使用:镇咳宁含片 5。眼药:复方硫酸软骨(润洁)【保健】 萘敏维(润洁)【消炎】 氯霉素滴眼液【沙眼】 6。近视眼:珍珠明目滴眼液 四味珍层冰硼滴眼液(珍视明滴眼液) 眼药水开封后，一个月内使用完，不然会氧化 7。慢性鼻炎:鼻炎片(中联) 千柏鼻炎片(奇星) 鼻炎康片(德众) 丙酸倍氯米松鼻气雾剂(伯克纳) 丙酸氟替卡松鼻喷雾剂(辅舒良) 8。肠胃炎:胃肠安丸 9。鸡眼:水杨酸苯酚贴膏 10。感冒药要凡是含有〈扑尔敏〉的成分都会犯困 11。扁桃体炎:一清胶囊 众生丸 银黄颗粒 喉炎 12。调理睡眠:夜宁颗粒 复方枣仁胶囊(希尔安宁) 灵芝胶囊 13。小儿《12岁以下》发烧:美林 14。小儿《12岁以下》拉肚子:蒙脱石散(思密达)+地衣芽孢杆菌accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 活菌颗粒(整肠丸) 15。补脑:核桃 16。减肥:决明子+荷叶 17。廯:盐酸特比萘芬乳膏(康王) 复方酮康唑软膏(皮康王) 联苯卞唑乳膏(孚琪 克霉唑乳膏 硝酸咪康唑乳膏(达克宁) 盐酸柰替芬乳膏(欣欣) 18。湿疹:复方醋酸地塞米松乳膏(999皮炎皮) 糖酸莫米松乳膏(艾洛松) 丁酸氢化可的送乳膏(尤卓尔) 曲安奈德益康唑乳膏(派瑞松) 硫软膏 19。烫伤:京万红 湿润烧伤膏(美寳) 复方愈创蓝油烃乳膏 葡萄糖酸氯己定乳膏(顺峰宝宝) 红霉素乳膏 20。疱疹:阿昔洛韦乳膏 复方片仔癀乳膏 21。荨麻疹:氯雷他定片(开瑞坦) 氯雷他定片分散片(雷宁) 氯雷他定片(息斯敏牌) 22。哮喘:布地奈德雾剂(普米克) 硫酸沙丁胺醇吸入气雾剂(万托林) 沙丁胺醇气雾剂(信宜) 23。晕车药:盐酸苯环壬酯片(飞赛乐) 茶苯海明片(华亭) 晕车清凉贴(百脉)【贴在耳朵】 24。怀孕头『三个月』用药参考 应避免使用的药物(肯定产生损害):accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 沙立度胺 性激素(雄激素,雌激素) 己烯雌酚 口服避孕药 孕酮 促进蛋白质合成药 四环素类 烟碱(烟草) 男性激素样药(用于增加食欲和体重) 秋水仙碱 环磷酰胺 25。仅在必需时使用的药物(有潜在的损害):苯丙胺类 抗癌药物 口服抗凝药 卡马西 巴比妥酸盐类 氯霉素 氯喹 多粘菌素E 可的松类 氟哌啶醇 卡那霉素 甲硝唑 萘啶酸 去甲阿米替林 苯妥类 扑痫酮 丙基硫氧嘧啶 奎尼丁 利血平 链霉素 赛禽类利尿药 氨砜噻吨 万古霉素 紫霉素 26。尽可能避免或减少使用的药物(可能产生损害):制酸药 阿斯匹林 苯氧苯丙酸 呋噻咪 庆大霉素 吲哚美辛 铁 甲氧卞啶 钾 烟酰胺 口服降血糖药 磺胺甲基异恶唑 弱安定药类 维生素C(大剂量) 维生素D(大剂量) 27。怀孕『4,9个月』用药参考 完全避免使用的药物:促进蛋白质合成药物(男性激素样药物可增加食欲与体重) 口服抗凝剂 阿斯匹林(长期或大剂量) 氯霉素 己烯雌酚 碘化物类 烟碱(烟草) 呋喃妥因 磺胺类 四环素类 性激素类 口服降血糖药(服用33周以后) 28。遵医嘱使用的药物:苯丙胺类 强镇痛药 麻醉药品 制酸药(含钠离子) 抗甲状腺药 巴比妥酸盐类 溴化物 氯喹 可的松样药物 麦accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 角胺 轻泻药 萘定酸 吩噻嗪类 扑米酮 奎宁 丙硫氧嘧啶 链霉素 噻嗪类利尿药 弱安定类 万古霉素 紫霉素 维生素C(大剂量) 维生素K(合成品) 钾 卡马西平 多粘菌素E 环磷酰胺 卡那霉素 去甲阿米替林 苯妥英 普萘洛尔 奎宁丁 利血平 1.颈动脉搏动检查时为什么不能双侧同时检查, 答:会晕厥。 2.脉压变小见于什么病, 答:影响搏出量的都会使脉压减小:主动脉狭窄、心衰、低血压、心包积液、缩窄性心包炎等～ 3.腹部血管杂音的特点，如何听诊，见于什么疾病, 动脉性杂音常在腹中部或腹部一侧:腹中部的收缩期杂音(喷射性)常提示腹主动脉瘤或腹主动卖狭窄;若收缩期杂音在左右上腹，常提示肾动脉狭窄，可见于年轻的高血压患者。若该杂音在下腹两侧，应考虑髂动脉狭窄;当左叶肝癌压迫肝动脉或腹主动脉时，可在包块部位听到吹风样杂音或在肿瘤部位(较表浅时)听到轻微的连续性杂音。静脉性杂音为连续的翁鸣声，无收缩与舒张期的性质。常出现于脐周或上腹部，尤其是腹壁静脉曲张严重时，此音提示门脉高压(常为肝硬化引起)时的侧枝循环形成 4.小腿骨折的急救处理，急救包里需要什么,夹板的固定部位,夹板的夹紧时间和放松时间,血管的结扎部位, 急救箱准备物品:消毒钳、持针器、镊子、缝合线、三角针、剪刀、 外用生理盐水、 75 % 酒精、双氧 水、 消毒沙布、棉垫、绷带、三accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 角巾、胶布 石膏甲板 等。夹板固定超过膝关节，下面到后跟在大腿中下三分之一捆绑止血 止血带放松时间1小时放松一次，一次3分钟。 5.脓肿伤口换药:戴手套，打开包扎伤口的纱布，检查伤口，估计伤情。用无菌纱布盖住伤口，用肥皂水清洗伤口周围皮肤，备皮。脱去手套，洗手后换无菌手套。用稀释活力碘和无菌生理盐水交替冲洗伤口，清除伤口中坏死组织和异物，务必清除干净，必要时可适当扩大伤口。结扎小血管、对大血管和大神经行吻合术。根据伤口情况缝合皮肤。对污染严重的伤口可延期缝合。器械打结法:用血管钳或持针器打结，简单易学，适用于深部、狭小手术野的结扎或缝线过短用手打结有困难时。优点是可节省缝线，节约穿线时间及不妨碍视线。其缺点是，当有张力缝合时，第一结易松滑，需助手辅助才能扎紧。防止松滑的办法是改变结的方向或者助手给予辅助 6.下运动神经元的概念及损伤的表现, 下运动神经元:指脊髓前角细胞，脑神经运动核及其发出的神经轴突，是接受锥体束，锥体外系统和小脑系统各方面来的冲动的最后共同通路。损伤后特点:瘫痪肌肉张力降低(弛缓性瘫痪)，腱反射减弱或消失，肌肉有萎缩，无病理反射，肌电图示神经传导速度异常和失神经支配电位。 7. 胸穿抽气的位置, 患者仰卧位或半卧位，手臂抱头，根据X线胸片选择最佳进针位置，通常在第2前肋间锁骨中线偏外处，或在腋前线第4-5肋间。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 8.张力性气胸排气方法: ?人工抽气法:可用气胸箱接一粗针头或100ml的注射器,从患侧锁骨中线第二肋间或叩诊鼓音处刺入直接抽气，根据胸腔积气量，隔日或数日反复抽气,每次抽气量不得大于800ml，若不能使胸腔达到负压，则改用闭式引流。 ?闭式引流:选患侧锁骨中线第二肋间或叩诊鼓音处切口，或用套管针刺入胸腔，放入引流管，外接水封瓶或负压吸引水封瓶，可见气体不断排出，待气体不再排出，胸透证实肺已复张，可用止血钳夹住引流管,观察2,3天,证实破口已愈合可拔管。应注意过早、过大的负压吸引,可使裂口重新张开。抽气过快,可发生复张性肺水肿。拔管后24小时内，应注意观察病人的呼吸情况，局部有无渗液、出血、皮下气肿等，如有异常，及时处理 ?单向活瓣法:放引流管方法同闭式引流。将引流管的外端接长30cm的乳胶橡皮管，再与单向活瓣装置相接，此时可见气体随呼气或咳嗽动作由单向活瓣自动排出。此法简便,且排气通畅,使病程缩短。 9.锁骨上淋巴结溃烂考虑是什么? 答:原发淋巴结结核 也可见于恶性肿瘤，或者性病 10.滑车上、腹股沟淋巴结肿大见于什么? 答:下肢、前臂炎症或肿瘤 淋巴结炎，盆腔肿瘤。 11.如何判断氧气瓶中有氧气? 看氧气瓶标志压力大于10mmHg/cm2是10kg/cm2，氧气瓶有气还有就是看氧气筒要标志，注明“满”或“空”字简内氧气切勿用尽，至少accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 保留493.3kPa(5kg,cm2)压力，以防外界空气及杂质进入简内，于再充气时引起爆炸。 12.典型甲状腺功能亢进，在检查肿大的甲状腺时(触诊、听诊)有什么发现, 答:触诊:在甲状腺左右叶上下极可有震颤; 听诊:肿大甲状腺处常可听到收缩期吹风样或连续性收缩期增强的血管杂音。 13.气管向右偏移，可能是胸部有了什么病变, 答:左侧大量胸腔积痰、积气、纵隔肿瘤以及甲状腺左叶肿大，或者右侧肺不张、肺硬化、胸膜粘连等。 14.胸部视诊。问:呼吸节律不正常包括那些,什么是鸡胸, 答:1.呼吸频率的变化(1)呼吸减慢(2)呼吸加快 2.呼吸节律的变化(1)潮式呼吸(2)间停呼吸(3)断续性呼吸(4)叹气样呼吸。鸡胸:胸骨前后径略长于横径，胸廓前部明显向前突出，状似鸡胸。 15、腹部触诊，腹部紧张度,压痛，反跳痛, 问:腹部紧张的临床意义,板状腹的临床意义,(既常见那些疾病) 答:腹部紧张见于当腹腔容量增大(腹水胀气)，触诊的手过凉或怕痒者，腹腔内炎症刺激腹膜，腹肌因反射性痉挛而使腹壁紧张板状腹见于各种原因引起的急性弥漫性腹膜炎 16、导尿管:男性成年人14号，注气4-5ml男性进入长度15-20cm，女性6-8cm。 17、导尿术适应症有哪些, accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 答:1.尿潴留2.留尿作细菌培养3.留置保留导尿或观察每小时尿量变化4.盆腔器官手术前准备，或膀胱测压、注入造影剂或探测尿道有无狭窄。 18、心脏触诊，问:做心包摩擦音的体位，什么时候明显,(收缩期，呼吸末，前倾位) 答:通常在胸骨左缘第3.4肋间处易触及(因心脏在此处不被遮盖，且接近胸壁)，前倾坐位或深呼气末更易触到。在收缩期与舒张期均可触及，以收缩期较明显，不因屏气而消失。 19、12岁溺水少年呼吸停止，心跳仍在的人工呼吸。 答:注意一点清除呼吸道污物后，加一步倒水:应采取腹部垫高，胸和头部下垂，或抱其双脚，腹部放在急救者肩上走动或跳动以“倒水”。也可将患者腹部俯卧于抢救者的大腿上，头部放低倒水。 20、右下肺听诊清音区呼吸音消失见于, 答:右侧胸腔积液大叶性肺炎实变期的体征:语颤增强，叩诊浊音，听诊有支气管呼吸音和湿罗音。病变延及胸膜，可引起局部胸壁压痛，听诊有胸膜摩擦音。并发胸腔积液时，可有气管移位，语颤减弱，叩诊实音，呼吸音减弱或消失。 21、肋缘下触及到肝脏一定是病理性的吗, 答:不一定是病理性的:正常人的肝脏，一般在肋缘下触不到，但是，腹壁松软的瘦人于深吸气时，课于肋弓下触及肝下缘，但在1cm以内;在剑突下可触及肝下缘，多在3cm以内在腹上角较锐的瘦高者，剑突根部下可达5cm,但肝下缘不能超过剑突根部至脐距离的上1/3。如超accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 出上述标准，但肝脏质地柔软，表面光滑，无压痛，首先考虑肝下移，此时可用扣诊法扣出肝上界，如其也相应降低，肝上下径正常，则为肝下移;否则提示肝肿大。 22、如何辨别收缩期震颤和舒张期震颤, 答:紧随心尖搏动出现或与颈动脉搏动同时出现的为收缩期震颤，听诊也有助于确定震颤的时相，在第一心音后出现的为收缩期震颤，第二心音后第一心音前出现的为舒张期震颤。 23、如果心尖部听到舒张期杂音，还要注意什么, 杂音的最响部位、时期、性质、强度、是递增或递减有无传导、与呼吸运动及体位有无关系是否伴第一心音亢进、舒张期震颤，叩诊心界有无变化。 24、腹部触诊包块的手法有哪几种, 答:深部滑行触诊法、双手或浮沉触诊法 25、试述腹壁反射所对应的脊髓节段, 答:上、中、下反射分别为:胸髓7-8、胸髓9-10、胸髓11-12。 26、腹股沟淋巴结肿大考虑什么,滑车上淋巴结肿大常见于什么病,下肢、前臂炎症或肿瘤淋巴结炎，盆腔肿瘤右下胸部清音区叩诊明显变浊，考虑什么疾病,还要做什么体检鉴别, 考虑右侧胸腔积液，应做语音振颤及听诊呼吸音有无改变肺部叩诊有几种方法,讲一下正确做法。直接叩诊法和间接叩诊法，做法见操作光盘。 27、胸穿时为什么从下一肋骨的上缘麻醉,否则有哪些血管和神经会accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 损伤, 答:肋间神经和血管沿肋骨下缘走行,为了避免损伤,所以从下位肋骨的上缘麻醉、穿刺. 28、眼的几个反射和腹壁反射对应什么神经，有什么意义, 答:眼的调节和辐揍反射由动眼神经支配，如果动眼神经功能损害则调节反射和辐揍反射均消失;角膜反射的传人神经是三叉神经，传出神经是面神经。直接和间接反射都消失，见于深昏迷或同侧动眼神经受损;直接对光反射消失，间接对光反射存在，见于同侧视神经受损。上腹壁反射:胸7，8;中腹壁反射:胸9，10;下腹壁反射:胸11，12。 29、怎么区分新鲜肉芽和失活肉芽, 答:新鲜肉芽颜色鲜红，不易出血。 30、甲状腺触诊什么是冷结节,见于什么疾病, 答:应用碘131或锝99核素扫描，密度较高为热结节;与正常相等为温结节;小于正常为凉结节;完全缺如为冷结节。单个冷结节恶性可能性大。 31、一侧锥体束征阳性考虑什么,二侧锥体束征阳性考虑什么,一 侧锥体束征阳性考虑锥体束受损或更高位中枢病变，二侧锥体束征阳性位下运动神经传导通路病变致双测都失去高位中枢的抑制而出现，注意1岁内小儿可以锥体束征阳性。 32、当一侧肢体锥体束征(+)时，还需做什么体征检查,检查对侧锥体束征，还有其它体征检查如运动和感觉等检查，定性定位评估病accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 变位置。 33、如何鉴别腹部包块为炎症性还是肿瘤, 答:如肿块与邻近组织粘连，压痛明显，不易推动，以炎性最为可能;如肿块边界清楚，表面光滑，质地不坚，压痛不著，移动度较大，可能是良性肿瘤;如包块巨大，边界模糊，表面不平，质地坚硬，移动度差，则极可能为恶性肿瘤。 34、如果听诊血压时声音减弱与消失的数字较大，该如何记录(), 答:应记录为140-150/80-90mmHg。 35、肱动脉(测量血压时)的正确位置是什么,(坐、卧位) 答:坐位时平第4肋软骨，卧位时平腋中线。 36、为什么听诊器头不能塞入袖下, 答:听诊器塞在袖带里，使袖带更紧迫，压力加大导致误差，会真正给予肱动脉的压力减小导致测得血压较真实的更高。 37、两侧瞳孔不等大(一侧缩小)有什么临床意义, 答:中枢神经和虹膜的神经支配障碍。 38、两侧瞳孔缩小(针尖瞳)什么问题, 答:见于虹膜炎、有机磷中毒、毛果芸香碱药物反应。 39、两眼辐辏功能不良(不能会聚)考虑什么, 答:动眼神经损害。 40、发现淋巴结肿大应如何描述, 答:部位、大小、质地、数量、活动度、有无粘连、压痛、局部皮肤accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 变化。 41、肺癌、乳癌各易转移至何处浅表淋巴结, 答:肺癌:右侧锁骨上窝或腋窝淋巴结群;乳癌:腋窝、锁骨下，胸骨旁淋巴结。 42、颈下部淋巴结肿大破溃常见于什么疾病, 答:淋巴结核、肿瘤转移、淋巴瘤。 43、腹股沟淋巴结肿大考虑什么, 答:淋病、梅毒、盆腔肿瘤。 44、滑车上淋巴结肿大常见于什么病, 答:非霍杰金淋巴瘤。 45、甲状腺两侧对称性肿大考虑什么问题,如果一侧肿大有结节又考虑什么问题, 答:双侧肿大考虑单纯性甲状腺肿，如有结节考虑结节性甲状腺肿。 46、甲状腺肿大时，任何从体征上区别甲亢与单纯性甲状腺肿, 答:因单纯性甲状腺肿多不伴甲亢体征，所以可从有无眼突、手颤相鉴别 47、气管向右偏移，可能是胸部有了什么病变, 答:左侧甲状腺肿大、左侧胸腔积液、气胸 48、为什么不能同时触诊两侧颈动脉, 答:晕厥。 49、主动脉瓣关闭不全时，周围血管检查有何异常, 答:枪击音。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 50、有水冲脉者应考虑什么问题, 答:脉压差增大，见于主动脉关闭不全、甲亢、严重贫血 51、扁平胸、桶状胸、鸡胸各见于什么病变, 答:扁平胸见于消耗性疾病如结核、肿瘤;桶状胸见于肺气肿、慢阻肺。 52、正常呼吸频率是多少,呼吸频率增快考虑什么问题, 答:正常成人静息状态为16-18次/分(低于12次/分为呼吸过缓，大于20次/分为呼吸过速);呼吸频率增快见于运动时、缺氧、心衰。 53、什么是陈-施(Cheyne-Stokes)呼吸,见于什么情况, 答:又称潮氏呼吸，见于呼吸中枢兴奋性降低，如脑出血、脑炎、脑肿瘤。 54、一侧胸部呼吸运动较对侧减弱，考虑什么, 答:胸膜炎、胸腔积液、胸膜粘连、肺不张、肺炎、肺纤维化等 55、一侧胸部语颤增强常见于什么病, 答:大叶性肺炎实变期、空洞型肺结核、压迫性肺不张。 56、一侧胸部语颤减弱常见于什么病, 答:肺气肿、支气管阻塞如支气管肺癌、气管结核;大量胸腔积液、积气等。 57、肺部叩诊有几种方法,讲一下正确做法。 答:直接和间接叩诊。 58、右胸部清音区叩诊明显变浊，考虑什么疾病,还要做什么体检鉴别, accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 答:肺炎、肺结核、肺肿瘤、胸腔积液、胸膜肿瘤、胸膜增厚。可行胸膜摩擦感检查鉴别胸膜病变。 59、肺下界移动度范围正常值是多少,减少说明什么问题, 答:6,8cm，减少见于肺气肿、肺不张、肺纤维化、气胸、胸水等。 60、正常人肺部听诊有何正常变异, 答:正常人肺部呼吸音的强弱与性别、年龄、呼吸的深浅、肺组织弹性的大小及胸壁的厚薄等有关，儿童肺泡呼吸音较老年人强，乳房下部及肩胛下部肺泡呼吸音最强，腋窝下部次之，而肺尖及肺下缘区域则较弱。 61、胸腔积液时患侧胸部听诊有何改变(体征), 答:呼吸音减弱。 62、大片状肺炎时该部听诊有何异常, 答:肺泡呼吸音增强。 63、心前区膨隆常见于什么疾病, 答:提示心脏增大，多见于先天性心脏病、风湿性心脏病、心肌炎后心脏病。 64、右心室增大时，心尖搏动有何变化,左心室增大时，心尖搏动有何变化, 答:右室增大心尖搏动向左侧移位，但不向下移位。左室大心尖搏动向左下移位，可达腋中线。 65、主动脉瓣区膨隆常提示什么问题, 答:高血压心脏病。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 66、心尖搏动最强点在第4肋间锁骨中线外，考虑什么情况, 答:右心室增大。 67、心尖搏动触不到，有什么可能, 答:胸壁过厚。 68、如何辨别收缩期震颤和舒张期震颤, 答:可通过心尖搏动触及胸壁的时间确认为收缩期的开始。 69、心前区触到舒张期震颤即肯定有器质性心脏病，对不对, 答:对。 70、心脏叩诊的正确顺序是什么, 答:先叩左界，后右界，由下而上，由外向内。左侧在心尖搏动外2,3cm处开始叩诊，逐个肋间向上，直至第2肋间。 右界叩诊，先叩出肝上界，然后于其上一肋间由外向内，逐一肋间向上叩诊，直至第2肋间。 71、什么叫梨形心,提示什么病变, 答:二尖瓣型心，提示二尖瓣狭窄 72、什么叫靴形心,提示什么病变, 答:主动脉型心，提示主动脉关闭不全、高血压心脏病。 73、如果心尖部听到舒张期杂音，还要注意什么, 答:应区分杂音的时项，早、中、晚，杂音的性质。 74、什么是三音律,包括哪些,如何区别, 答:指在原有心音之外，额外出现的病理性附加心音。大部分出现在S2之后，S1之前，即舒张期;也可出现于S1之后，S2之前，即收accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 缩期;大多数是一个附加音，构成三音律;少数为两个附加音，构成四音律。由病理性S3和(或)S4与原有的S1、S2构成的三音律或四音律，通称为奔马律。如奔马律、开瓣音、心包叩击音、肿瘤扑落音、收缩早期喷射音、人工瓣膜音等。 75、什么是奔马律,说明什么问题, 答:出现在第二心音之后，与第一二心音共同组成的韵律犹如马奔驰的蹄声。见于心肌病、心衰。 76、腹部膨隆可见于什么情况, 答:腹腔肿瘤、腹水、腹腔积气。 77、腹部凹陷可见于什么情况, 答:消耗性疾病、肿瘤。 78、门脉高压、上腔静脉阻塞、下腔静脉阻塞在腹壁静脉曲张有何不同, 答:自脐部向四周放射-海蛇头;上腹壁或胸壁的浅静脉曲张血流均转向下;大都位于腹壁两侧，脐以下的腹壁浅静脉流向上。 79、炎性包块和肿瘤性包块各有什么特点, 答:活动度，与周围组织的关系，有无压痛，质地、光滑程度，边界情况等。 80、液波震颤检查什么,腹腔内有多少液体可查出液波震颤, 答:检查有无腹水，超过3000-4000ml可查出。 81、肝上下径正常值是多少, 答:9,11cm。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 82、右肋缘下触及肝缘时要注意哪些内容, 答:肝缘与肋缘的距离，肝脏表面质地、光滑度、有无结节、压痛。 83、脾脏肿大应如何分度,各提示什么病变, 答:脾缘不超过肋下2cm为轻度，肋下2cm至脐水平线间为中度，超过脐水平线或前正中线为高度即巨脾。轻度见于急慢性肝炎、伤寒、粟粒性肺结核、感染性心内膜炎、败血症等;中度见于肝硬化、疟疾后遗症、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性溶血性黄疸、淋巴瘤、SLE等;高度见于慢性粒细胞性白血病、骨髓纤维化症、淋巴肉瘤、恶性组织细胞病。 84、Murphy征阳性，提示什么, 答:胆囊炎。 85、胃泡鼓音区(Traube区)消失说明什么问题, 答:胃泡鼓音区上界为隔肌及肺下缘，下界为肋弓，左界为脾脏，右界为肝左缘，长径为5,13cm，横径为2.7-10cm，若鼓音区明显缩小提示重度脾脏增大，胸腔积液，肝左叶增大等。 86、什么叫移动性浊音,代表什么, 答:因体位不同而出现的浊音区变动现象称移动性浊音。有腹水。 87、一侧肋脊角叩击痛考虑什么,双侧肋脊角叩击痛考虑什么, 答:有肾炎、肾结石、肾结核等 88、怎样才算肠鸣音消失, 答:3-5分钟听不到肠鸣音。 89、如何区别动脉性和静脉性血管杂音, accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 答:动脉杂音常在腹中线或腹部一侧，分收缩期及舒张期;静脉常在脐周或上腹部，为连续性嗡鸣音。 90、腹中线部位听到动脉性血管杂音要考虑什么,如何进一步检查, 答:腹中动脉瘤或腹主动脉狭窄。 91、肱二头肌反射中枢和膝腱反射反射中枢的部位, 答:肱二头肌反射中枢为颈髓5-6节。膝腱反射反射中枢为腰髓2-4节。 92、什么叫上运动神经元,什么叫下运动神经元, 答:?、上运动神经元的胞体主要位于大脑皮质体运动区的锥体细胞。上运动神经元损伤引起的随意运动麻痹，伴有肌张力增高，呈痉挛性瘫痪;深反射亢进;浅反射(如腹壁反射、提睾反射等)减弱或消失;可出现病理反射。 ?、下运动神经元:指脊髓前角细胞，脑神经运动核及其发出的神经轴突，是接受锥体束，锥体外系统和小脑系统各方面来的冲动的最后共同通路。脑神经运动核和脊髓前角运动细胞，它们的突分别组成脑神经和脊神经，支配全身骨骼肌的随意运动。下运动神经元受损时，由于肌失去神经支配，肌张力降低，呈弛缓性瘫痪;肌因营养障碍而萎缩;因为所有反射弧都中断，浅、深反射均消失;无病理反射。损伤后特点:瘫痪肌肉张力降低(弛缓性瘫痪)，腱反射减弱或消失，肌肉有萎缩，无病理反射，肌电图示神经传导速度异常和失神经支配电位。 93、一侧大脑中动脉出血时，对侧肢体会怎样,为什么, accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 答:大脑中动脉主干主要供应额、顶、颞叶外侧、豆状核和内囊，病损时可在病变对侧有严重偏瘫、感觉障碍、偏盲，有时可有失语，但其浅支病损时无感觉障碍。 94、检查神经反射时应注意事项, 答:检查者叩击力量要均等，两侧要对比。 95、腹壁反射意义, 答:上、中或下腹壁反射消失，分别见于同平面胸髓病损。双侧上中下部腹壁反射消失，见于昏迷和急性腹膜炎患者。一侧上中下部腹壁反射消失，见于同侧锥体束病损。此外肥胖者、年老人、经产妇由于腹壁过于松驰，也会出现腹壁反射的减弱或消失。 96、角膜反射临床意义, 答:直接或间接反射消失，提示三叉神经病变。直接反射消失、间接反射存在，提示面神经瘫痪。两侧角膜反射同时消失，提示深昏迷。 97、提睾反射意义, 答:双侧反射减弱或消失见于腰髓1-2节病损，一侧反射减弱或消失见于锥体束损害。此外可见于老年人或局部病变，如腹股沟疝、阴囊水肿、精索靜脉曲张、睾丸炎、附睾炎。 98、浅反射除腹壁、角膜、提睾反射外，还有哪两种, 答:跖反射、肛门反射。 99、试述腹壁反射的传导径路。 答:传入神经为第7,12肋间神经，通过中枢胸髓第7,12节段后角细胞柱及同节段前角细胞，同时后角细胞的纤维上行到达大脑顶叶皮accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 质，通过大脑联合系到大脑运动区，发出纤维伴锥体束下行，止于第7,12胸髓前角。传出神经为第7,12肋间神经。 100、Kernig征与Lasegue征(直腿高举试验)体检操作时有什么不同, 答:Kernig征:髋关节屈曲成直角，再用手抬高小腿，正常膝关节伸展角应大于135?，阳性表现为伸膝受限;Lasegue征:伸直双下肢，医生抬高其一侧下肢，阳性反应为伸直的下肢小于70?，伴发下肢屈肌痉挛或沿坐骨神经走向的疼痛。 101、举出两种能引起克氏征和布氏征阳性的疾病。 答:脑出血、蛛网膜下腔出血。 102、一侧锥体束征阳性考虑什么,二侧锥体束征阳性考虑什么, 答:一侧阳性考虑锥体束受损或更高位中枢病变。双侧阳性为下运动神经传导通路病变致双侧都失去高位中枢的抑制而出现,注意1岁内小儿可以锥体束征阳性。 103、正常人能否出现Babinski征(+), 答:1岁半前儿童可出现，余为异常。 104、当一侧肢体锥体束征(+)时，还需做什么体征检查, 答:检查对侧锥体束征,还有其它体征检查如运动和感觉等检查,定性定位评估病变位置。 accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welding specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation