大学英语四级听力专项训练-短文理解

大学英语四级听力专项训练-短文理解 第一讲 6大设提点 一、 首尾处常考 【真示例1】 (06-6-20) [A] It has helped relieve hunger in some developing countries. [B] It has improved animal breeding skills all over the world. [C] It has bridged the gap between the rich and the poor in America. [D] It has promoted international exchange of farming technology. …This concept helps communities become self-supporting. 20. What is the major achievement of Heifer International? 【真题示例2】 (05-12-17) [A] They wanted to follow his example. [B] They fully supported his undertaking. [C] They were puzzled by his decision. [D] They were afraid he wasn’t fully prepared. When my interest shifted from space to the sea, I never expected it would cause such confusion among my friends, yet I can understand their feelings…. 17. How did the speaker’s friends respond to his change of interest? 二、列举和举例处常考 【真题示例】 (05-12-18) [A] It is more exciting than space travel. [B] It is much cheaper than space travel. [C] It is much safer than space travel. [D] It is less time-consuming than space travel. …The first excuse I give is an economic one. Underwater exploration is so much cheaper than space flight…. 18. What is one of the reasons for the speaker to switch his interest to underwater exploration? 三、 并列、转折、因果、条件等逻辑关系常考 【真题示例】 (新06-6-31) [A] They can make friends with people from other countries. [B] They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles. [C] They can practice speaking foreign languages there. [D] They can meet with businessmen from all over the world. …Americans enjoy the foods in these restaurants as well as the opportunity to better understand the people and their way of life. 31. Why do Americans like to go to international restaurants apart from enjoying the foods there? 四、 强调的地方常考 【真题示例】 (06-6-16) [A] Provincial colleges were taken over by larger universities. [B] Its largest expansion took place during that period. [C] Small universities combined to from bigger ones. [D] Its role in society went through a dramatic change. …It was in the 1960s that the largest expansion of bigger education took place in Britain. This expansion took three basic forms…. 15. Why was the 1960s so significant for British Higher Education? 五、 比较处常考 【真题示例】 (06-6-16) [A] Private donations. [B] Fees paid by students. [C] Government funding. [D] Grants from corporations. …In Britain finance for universities comes from three sources: the first, and the largest source, is grants from the government, the second source is fees paid by students and the third one is private donations… 16. What is main financial source for Britain universities? 六、 含有年代、数量、价格等数字的地方常考 【真题示例】 (06-6-17) [A] He was interested in the study of wild animals. [B] He started the organization Heifer International. [C] He was wounded in the Spanish civil war. [D] He sold his cows to many countries in the world. …An American farmer Dan West developed the idea for Heifer International in the 1930s…. 17. What does the speaker tell us about Mr. West? Exercise 专项练习 Passage One 1. [A] The vocabulary of English is almost the largest in the world. [B] The vocabulary of English is a mixture of words from Latin and Greek. [C] Most of the English words come from Chinese and French. [D] English words from dead languages are no longer used. 2. [A] Because other languages were much more widely used than English in the past. [B] Because British people like to learn foreign languages. [C] Because people from many different countries have settled down in Britain. [D] Because the Romans forced the British to learn other languages. 3. [A] About nine hundred years ago. [B] About one thousand years ago. [C] About seven hundred years ago. [D] About two thousand years ago. Passage Two 4. [A] Seasonal variations in nature. [B] How intelligence changes with the change of seasons. [C] How we can improve our intelligence. [D] Why summer is the best season for vacation. 5. [A] Summer. [B] Winter. [C]Fall. [D] Spring. 6. [A] All people are less intelligent in summer than in the other seasons of the year. [B] Heat has no effect on people’s mental abilities. [C] People living near the equator are the most intelligent. [D] Both climate and temperature exert impact on people’s intelligence. Passage Three 7. [A] Around 1400. [B] Around 1900. [C] Around 400. [D] Around 900. 8. [A] China. [B] Sweden. [C] Egypt. [D] Japan. 9. [A] More and more paper is being consumed nowadays. [B] Paper enables people to receive education more easily. [C] The invention of paper is of great significance to man. [D] Paper contributes a lot to the keeping of historical records. 【答案与解析】 Passage One 【听力原文】 Many people think the English do not like to speak other languages. In fact, English is a mixture of words from many different languages. Because of this, [1] the vocabulary of the English language is very large. It is much larger than almost every other language in the world. Many English words come from Latin and Greek. Because these two languages are dead, the words have most often come through other languages such as French, or the old German languages. Many common English words come from other places, like “tea” from China, and “banana” from West Africa. [2] One reason why the English language has so many words from other languages is that people from many different countries have come to live in Britain. Two thousands years ago the Romans came from Italy, and stayed for over four hundred years. After they left, the Angles, Saxons and Jutes came from the northern part of modern Germany. In the ninth and tenth centuries Scandinavians came into the northern and eastern parts of the country. Finally, [3] in the eleventh century William of Normandy came from France, and became King of England. With him came French civilization and the French language. 【答案】 1(A 2.C 3.B Passage Two 【听力原文】 [4] If you are like most people, your intelligence varies from season to season. You are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any time of a year. [6] A noted scientist, Ellsworth Huntington, concluded from other men’s work and his own that different climates and temperatures have a definite effect on our mental abilities. He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than is summer heat. This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in summer than they are during the rest of the year. It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in summer. [5] Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking. One reason may be that in the spring man’s mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all nature. Fall is the next best season, then winter. As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking. 【答案】 4.B 5.D 6.D Passage Three 【听力原文】 [9] Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Widespread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to write on. The invention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed and distributed. Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to communicate knowledge. How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that question quickly. In 1900 the world’s use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year. Now some countries use as much as 50kilograms of paper for each person a year. [8] Countries like the United States, England and Sweden use more paper than other countries. Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China. [7] In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400. The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant. Europeans used parchment for many hundreds of years. Parchment was very strong; it was made from the skin of certain young animals. We have learnt of the most important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment. 【答案】 7.A 8.B 9.C 第二讲 3招掌握主旨题 一、 留意首尾处 1.主题句在开头 【真题示例】 (06-6-11) [A] It has done more harm than good in the southern USA. [B] It has brought to the northern USA by Asian farmers. [C] It was introduced into the USA to kill harmful weeds. [D] It can be used by farmers to protect large building. Unless you have visited the southern United States, you probably have never heard of Kudzu. Kudzu, as any farmer in the south will sadly tell you, is a super-powered weed. It is a strong climbing plant. Once it gets started, Kudzu is almost impossible to stop. It climbs to the tops of the tallest trees…. 11. What do we learn about “Kudzu” from the passage? 2(主题句在结尾 【真题示例】 (03-6-13) [A] One can benefit a lot from working with his father. [B] Manual laborers shouldn’t be looked down upon. [C] One should always do his job earnestly. [D] Teenagers tend to be careless. …The message was clear. Today I stress the importance of doing a job right the first time. In every job I have held, from cutting lawns to washing dishes to working a machine on a construction site, I have learned something that helped me in my next job. If you work hard enough, you can learn from any job you do. 13. What did the speaker want to tell us in this passage? 二、根据各题选项推测主题 【真题示例】 (05-6 Passage One) 14. [A] In a fast-food restaurant. [B] At a shopping center. [C] At a country fair. [D] In a bakery. 15. [A] Avoid eating any food. [B] Prepare the right type of pie to eat. [C] Wash his hands thoroughly. [D] Practice eating a pie quickly. 16. [A] On the table. [B] Behind his back. [C] Under his bottom. [D] On his lap. 17. [A] Looking sideways to see how fast your neighbor eats. [B] Eating from the outside toward the middle. [C] Swallowing the pie with water. [D] Holding the pie in the right. 三、留意重复频率较高的词或短语 【真题示例】 (04-1-11) [A] The art of saying thank you. [B] The secret of saying pretty. [C] The importance of good manners. [D] The difference between elegance and good manners. Do you remember a time when people were a little nicer and gentler with each other? …The fact is that no matter how nicely we dress or how beautifully we decorate our homes, we can’t be truly elegant without good manners because elegance and good manners always go hand in hand. In fact, I think of good manners as a sort of hidden beauty secret,…Getting into the habit of saying “think you” can make you feel better about yourself. Good manners add to your image while an angry. 11. What is the passage mainly about? Exercise 专项练习 Passage One 1. [A] Computers have become part of our daily lives. [B] Computers have advantages as well as disadvantages. [C] People have different attitudes to computers. [D] More and more families will own computers. 2. [A] Computers may change the life they have been accustomed to. [B] Spending too much time on computers may spoil people’s relationship. [C] Buying computers may cost a lot of money. [D] Computers may take over from human beings altogether. 3. [A] Affectionate. [B] Disapproving. [C] Approving. [D] Neutral. Passage Two 4. [A] Bicycles and cars. [B] Building codes. [C] Energy conservation. [D] New housing construction. 5. [A] To limit discussion on heating bills. [B] To prevent heat loss. [C] To determine the temperature in homes. [D] To convert homes to electric heating. 6. [A] To avoid direct sunlight. [B] To limit space used. [C] To keep out the cold. [D] To conform to other houses. Passage Three 7. [A] Students. [B] Officials. [C] Bankers. [D] Lawyers. 8. [A] They could not find the furniture they like at the market. [B] They don’t want to waste their money buying furniture. [C] They couldn’t afford to buy furniture they really want. [D] Renting furniture is fashionable among young couples. 9. [A] A New Trend,Renting of Home Furnishings. [B] Some Suggestions about Renting Home Furnishings. [C] How to Furnish Your House Attractively. [D] Advantages of Renting Home Furnishings. Passage One 【听音验证】 For good or bad, computers are now part of our daily lives. With the price of a small home computer now being lower, experts predict that before long all schools and businesses and most families in the rich parts of the world will own a computer of some kind. [1] Among the general public, computers arouse strong feelings, people either love them or hate them. The computer lovers talk about how useful computers can be in business, in education and in the home,apart from all the games, you can do your accounts on them, use them to control your central heating, and in some places even do your shopping with them. Computers, they say, will also bring some leisure, as more and more unpleasant jobs are taken over by computerized robots. The haters, on the other hand, argue that computers bring not leisure but unemployment. They worry, too, that people who spend all their time talking to computers will forget how to talk to each other. And anyway, they ask, what’s wrong with going shopping and learning languages in a classroom with real teachers? [2] But their biggest fear is that computers may eventually take over from human beings altogether. 【答案】 1(C 2.D 3.D Passage Two 【听音验证】 For the past few weeks we have been discussing national energy conservation alternatives for the future. [4] Today, I’m going to talk about what one community is presently doing to conserve energy. The people of Davis, California have succeeded in cutting their energy consumption by one-third since 1973. The first energy saving act on that was taken in the early 70’s with the legislation of strict building codes. [5] All new houses in Davis must have the proper insulation, so that heat will not escape unnecessarily during the winter. [6] New houses must also face north or south so that they will not be over-heated by the sun in summer. The laws have had a definite effect. Since 1976, there has been a 50% savings in the amount of electricity and natural gas used. There are 24 miles of bicycle paths, and today there are twice as many bicycles as cars in the city. By reducing the available parking space, the City Council has succeeded in reducing the number of cars in the city every day. Another benefit of the reduced parking is the greater number of small cars. People are saving gas because they are choosing not to drive or because an energy saving model for other cities. Time is up for today. Next week we’ll return to our regular topic of national energy alternatives. 【答案】 4. C 5.B 6.A Passage Three 【听音验证】 When John and Victoria Church arrived in New York from London for a one-year stay, they brought no furniture with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new way of furnishing an apartment or a house that more and more people are using. [9] The renting of home furnishings has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses. Why do people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? [7] Many kinds of people : international businessmen , government officials, airline workers, young married couples,the people whose job or business may force them to move frequently from one city or one country to another,find they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy. [8] Young people with little money do not want to buy7 cheap furniture that they will soon grow to dislike. They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like. Meanwhile, they rent. And people whose work takes them from place to place are saved the trouble of moving their furniture each time. They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new home. 【答案】 7.B 8.C 9.A 第三讲 4招攻克推断题 一、 听到的往往不是解 二、根据选项确定应关注的重点细节 三、注意关联词，把握短文发展的脉落 四、注意与主题关系密切的选项 【真题示例】 (新06-6月 Passage One) 26. [A] Rent a grave. [B] Burn the body. [C] Bury the dead near a church. [D] Buy a piece of land for a grave. 29. [A] Burning dead bodies to ashes. [B] Storing dead bodies in a remote place. [C] Placing dead bodies in a bone room. [D] Digging up dead bodies after three years. 【听音验证】 In Greece, [26(1)] only rich people will rest in place foe ever when they die….If the body has only partially decayed, it is reburied in a smaller cheaper grave, but not for long, the body will be dug up again some time later when it has fully decayed. [26(2)] Buying a piece od land for a grave is the only way to avoid this process,…The city is so overcrowded that sometimes dead bodies are kept in hospitals for over a week until a grave is found. Amphons city council wants to introduce [29(1)] cremation that is burning the dead bodies as a means of dealing with the problem. [29(2)] But the Greek Church resists this practice; they believe the only place where people burn is a hell, [29(3)] so burning dead bodies is against the Greek concept of life after death…. 【答案】 26(D 29.A Exercise 专项练习 Passage One 1. [A] They are very old. [B] They are very young. [C] They are quite experienced. [D] They have special assignments. 2. [A] Two. [B] Three. [C] Four. [D] Five. 3. [A] He is only good at cultural affairs. [B] He is quite competent in his work. [C] He is too ambitious. [D] He needs further guidance from others. Passage Two 4. [A] War of the Stars. [B] War of the Worlds. [C] War of the Mars. [D] War of the Worlds. 5. [A] Mars. [B] Venus. [C] Jupiter. [D] The Moon. 6. [A] They were killed by the navy. [B] They were killed by the army. [C] They were killed by the air force. [D] They were killed by a germ. Passage Three 7. [A] A laboratory experiment. [B] The layout of the laboratory. [C] A piece of equipment. [D] The workbook for the laboratory course. 8. [A] Few instructions are given for the activities. [B] Students are not required to do the activities. [C] The activities take less time. [D] The activities are to be done during class. 9. [A] When the students have done good work. [B] After the first laboratory session. [C] A t the beginning of the semester. [D] When the students need to be motivated. 【听音验证】 Sekou Coumbassa is a diplomat who represents one of the new African nations. At present he is working on special assignment to his country’s embassy in Washington. [1] Like many African diplomats, he is very young,only 28years old. Before coming to Washington, he had a year of diplomatic experience in another African country and then one more year in Paris. [2(1)] Sekou speaks two African languages. In addition, he speaks French fluently because it is the language used in the secondary schools in his country. [2(2)] He also studied English when he was in school. When he first came to Washington, his English was stiff and formal. It sounded like English that had been learned from a book. Sekou has an appetite for languages; however, it was one of the reasons he became a diplomat. After six months in Washington, he had become fluent in English. Sekou is in charge of cultural affairs for the embassy. [3] The Ambassador Sekou works for is quite impressed with his work and has recommended him highly to the government at home. Sekou is very happy, and he hopes to be an ambassador himself some day in the future. 【答案】 1. B 2.C 3.B Passage Two 【听音验证】 In 1938, [4] a play called The War of the Worlds was broadcast on the radio. [5] The play started with a newsflash about a mysterious explosion on the planet Mars. Then was a report about a burning object falling over a farm in New Jersey. At the same time the play began, America’s most popular radio show was ending on another station. Many listeners missed the beginning of The War of the Worlds. When they changed stations, they thought what they were hearing was really happening. As the play continued, a reporter described the strange object. He said it was shining brightly and was hard to look at. Suddenly a door opened. There was a scream, and the reporter was dead. Six thousand soldiers attacked the object, but only 120 lived to tell about it. Of the six million people who heard the play, more than two million thought it was a true news report. People anxiously telephoned the radio station for news. Thousands left their homes to escape the Martian invaders. It was many days before life was back to normal. How did the play end? Neither the army, nor the nor force, nor the navy could stop the Martians. Finally, [6] the invaders were ki8lled by a little germ. It was harmless to the people of the earth, but deadly to the Martians. 【答案】 4(B 5.A 6.D Passage Three [7] [9] Before we start our first lab, I’d like to tell you a little bit about the workbook we'll be using. The first thing I’d like to point out is that the workbook contains a very large amount of material,far more than you could ever handle in a single semester. What you’re supposed to do is to choose the experiments and activities that you want to do ,within a certain framework, of course. Part of my job is to help you make your choices. Next, I’d like to mention that in each chapter, there are usually two subsections. The first is called “Experiments” and the second is called “Activities”. In the “Experiments” section, [8(1)] the workbook gives full instructions for all the experiments, including alternate procedures. Choose the procedure you wish, there’s plenty of equipment available. In the “Activities” section, you will find suggestions for projects that you can do on your own time. [8(2)] You’ll see that there are usually no detailed instructions for the activities,you’re supposed to do them in your own way. If there are no questions, let’s turn to Chapter One now. 【答案】 7.D 8.A 9.C 第四讲 5招突破细节题 一、 捕捉列举和举例处 二、捕捉强调处 三、捕捉比较处 四、捕捉含有年代、数量、价格等数字的句子 五、捕捉转折、因果、条件等逻辑关系处 听力中常出现的关联词: 并列:and, also, besides, furthermore, in addition, what’s more, as well as, apart from 表转折:although, but, however, in spite of, otherwise, instead 表因果:because, therefore, since, for, why, as 表顺序:first, last, before, after, next, then 表举例或解释:such as, namely, that is, for example, for instance 表对比或比较:compared with, while, whereas 【真题示例1】 (06-6 Passage Two) 14. [A] The universe as a whole. [B] A society of legal professionals. [C] An association of teachers and scholars. [D] A business corporation. 15. [A] Provincial colleges were taken over by larger universities. [B] Its largest expansion took place during that period. [C] Small universities combined to from bigger ones. [D] Its role in society went through a dramatic change. 16. [A] Private donations. [B] Fees paid by students. [C] Government funding. [D] Grants from corporations. 【听音验证】 The word “university comes from the Latin word “universities’, meaning “the whole”. Later, in Latin legal language, “universities” meant a society or corporation. [14] In the Middle Ages, the word meant “ an association of teachers and scholars”. The origins of thth universities can be traced back to the 12 to 14 th centuries. In the early 12 century, long before universities were organized in the modern sense, students gathered together for higher studies at certain centers of learning. The earliest centers in Europe were at Bologna in Italy, founded in 1088. Other early centers were set up in France, the Czech Republic, Australia and Germany from 1150 to 1386. The first universities in Britain were Oxford and Cambridge. They were established in 1185 and 1209 respectively. The famous London University was founded in 1836. This was followed by the foundation of several universities such as Manchester and Birmingham, which developed from provincial colleges. [15] It was in the 1960s that the largest expansion of higher education took place in Britain. This expansion took three basic forms: existing universities were enlarged, new universities were developed from existing colleges and completely new universities were set up. In Britain finance for universities comes from three sources: [16] the first, and the largest source, is grants from the government, the second source is fees paid by students and the third one is private donations. All the British universities except one receive some government funding. The exception is Buckingham which is the Britain’s only independent university. 【答案】 14.C 15.B 16.C 【真题示例2】 (新06-6月Passage Two) 30. [A] Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year. [B] Americans enjoy eating out with their friends. [C] The United States is a country of immigrants. [D] Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food. 31. [A] They can make friends with people from other countries. [B] They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles. [C] They can practice speaking foreign languages there. [D] They can meet with businessmen from all over the world. 32. [A] The couple cook the dishes and the children help them. [B] The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the waitress. [C] The mother does the cooking while the father and children wait on the guests. [D] A hired cook prepares the dishes and the family members serve the guests. 【听音验证】 If you visit a big city anywhere in the world, you will probably find a restaurant would serve the food of your own native country. Most large cities in the United States offer international sample of foods. Many people enjoy eating the food of other nations. This is probably one reason why there are so many different kinds of restaurant in the United States. [30] A second reason is that many Americans come from other parts of the world. They enjoy tasting the foods of their native lands. In the city of Detroit, for example, there are many people from Western Europe, Greece, Latin America, and the Far East. There are many restaurants in Detroit which serve the foods of these areas. There are many other international restaurants too. Americans enjoy the foods in these restaurants [31] as well as the opportunity to better understand the people and their way of life. One of the most common international restaurants to be found in the United States is the Italian restaurant. The restaurant may be a small business run by a single family. [32] The mother of the family cooks all of the dishes, and the father and children serve the people who come to eat there. Or it may be a large restaurant owned by several different people who worked together in the business. Many Italian dishes that Americans enjoy are made with meats, tomatoes and cheese. They are very delicious and tasty. 【答案】 30.C 31.B 32.C Exercise 专项练习 Passage One 1. [A] From television. [B] From the cinema advertisement. [C] From the film column of a newspaper. [D] From the girl sitting in front of him. 2. [A] Before the film began. [B] When the film ended. [C] In the middle of the film. [D] During the five minutes’ interval. 3. [A] Frightened. [B] Excited. [C] Angry. [D] Surprised. Passage Two 4. [A] Guarding the coasts of the United States. [B] Being part of the United States Navy. [C] Guiding people along the coast. [D] Protecting people from army attacks. 5. [A] 700. [B] 1,700. [C] 70,000. [D] 7,000. 6. [A] Dangerous. [B] Hard. [C] Exciting. [D] Dull. Passage Three 7. [A] Gold was discovered. [B] The Transcontinental Railroad was completed. [C] The Golden Gate Bridge was constructed. [D] Telegraph communication were established with the East. 8. [A] Two million. [B] Five million. [C] Three million. [D] Six million. 9. [A] Nineteen million dollars. [B] Thirty-two million dollars. [C] Thirty-seven million dollars. [D] Forty- two million dollars. 【听音验证】 [1] Learning in the film column of a newspaper that “Gone with the Wind” was on again. I got very excited. My wife and I had long been looking forward to seeing the film. Now that the chance had come, how could we let it slip? So immediately we decided to go to the cinema that very evening. When we were all eyes at the screen in the theatre, a girl in front of me frequently turned and whispered to a long-haired strong young man beside her. Every time something was going to happen on the screen, she would tell her boyfriend in advance. Then, as her “prediction” did become true on the screen, she would say loudly to her boyfriend, “Look. am I right?” She enjoyed her behavior, a lot while I got more and more impatient. With her predictions, I couldn’t enjoy the film. At last, I couldn’t contain myself any longer. I bent forward to her, patted her on the shoulder, and said, “Dear Miss, we shall be much obliged if you watch the film with your eyes.” On hearing this, she seemed surprised and a little angry. But after whispering to her boyfriend, she stopped speaking. Seeing all this, [3(1)] my wife said to me nervously, “You are inviting trouble! Don’t you see her powerful boyfriend?” The film lasted very long. [2] During the five minutes’ interval, I went to a small shop to buy some drinks. Suddenly I saw her boyfriend following me closely. I sped up, but the man caught up with me in a second. He pulled me around with one hand and clutched my right hand warmly with his other hand. [3(2)] “Thank you, sir!” he said, “I really hadn’t the courage to tell her that!” 【答案】 1. C 2.D 3.D Passage Two 【听音验证】 [4] The Guest Guard does what its name says: it guards the coasts of the United States. During a war, the Coast Guard becomes part of the United States Navy, and helps to protect against enemy attacks. In times of peace, however, the Coast Guard is part of the United States Department of Transportation. It has responsibility for many different duties. The Coast Guard can be found at many large lakes in America, as well as in coastal waters. It enforces laws controlling navigation, shipping, immigration, and fishing. It enforces other laws that affect the thousands of privately-owned boats in the United States. Coast Guard planes, boats and helicopters search for missing boats and rescue people in dangerous situations. [5] Last year, Coast Guard men saved the lives of almost 7,000 people. The Coast Guard does scientific research on the ocean. It also uses ice-breaking boats to clear ice from rivers or lakes, so boats can travel safely. One of the Coast Guard’s most important duties now is helping to keep illegal drugs out of the United States. Coast Guard boats, armed with guns, use radios and radar to find boats that may be carrying drugs. They stop the boats suspected of carrying drugs and search them. They seize the drugs and arrest the people on the boats. Last year, Coast Guardsman seized more than 800,000 kilograms of marijuana and cocaine. And they arrested more than 700 persons trying to bring illegal drugs into the United States. [6] This kind of action is exciting. Most of the time, however, Coast Guardsman say they see nothing more exciting than the ocean. 【答案】 4(A 5.D 6.D Passage Three 【听音验证】 From this lookout we enjoy one of the most spectacular views of San Francisco. As you can see, the city rests on a series of hills varying in altitude from sea level to 938 feet. The first permanent settlement was made at this site in 1776. For 13years the village had fewer than 100 inhabitants. [7] But in 1848, with the discovery of gold, the population grew to 10,000. The same year the name was changed from Yerba Buena to San Francisco. By 1862, telegraph communications linked San Francisco with eastern cities, and by 1869, the first transcontinental railroad connected the Pacific coast with the Atlantic seaboard. [8] Today San Francisco has a population of almost 3million. It is the financial center of the west, and serves as the terminus for the trans-Pacific steamship lines and air traffic. The port of San Francisco which is almost 18 miles long with 42 piers, handles between 5 and 6 million tons of cargo annually. And now, if you will look to your right, you should just be able to see the east section of the Golden Gate Bridge. The bridge, which is more than one mile long, spans the harbor from San Francisco to Marin Country and the Red Wood Highway. [9] It was completed in 1937 ata coast of 32 million dollars and is still one of the largest suspension bridges in the world. 【答案】 7.A 8.B 9.B 第五讲 6大边写边记技巧 一、 重点关注首尾处 二、留意重读和强调的地方 三、留意重复频率较高的词或短语 四、留意数字、人名、地名、时间、年代等相关信息 五、留意逻辑关许处 六、注意使用缩略语 巅峰练习 Exercise One Passage One 26. [A] Their liveliness. [B] Their intelligence. [C] Their tricks. [D] Their order. 27. [A] The New World monkeys live in Central and North America. [B] The New World monkeys have smaller noses. [C] The New World monkeys have 32teeth. [D] The New World monkeys can hold things with their tails. 28. [A] Climbing and leaping. [B] Keeping balance. [C] Grasping food. [D] Using them as weapons. Passage Two 29. [A] Living on an American farm. [B] Asian farmers are different from American farmers. [C] The U.S. farmers are very rich. [D] Farm life in Asia. 30. [A] By train. [B] By bus. [C] By car. [D] By bicycle. 31. [A] To help each other. [B] To deal with their problems on their own.. [C] To depend on modern machines. [D] To follow older ways. Passage Three 32. [A] The sites where the Olympics were held. [B] The history of the Olympic Games. [C] The athletes of the Olympic Games. [D] The events of the Olympic Games. 33. [A] They are held each time in a different city. [B] They are held mostly in Europe. [C] They are held in different cities of Greece. [D] They are held in the capitals of different countries. 34. [A] A great variety of events. [B] A field event only. [C] A track event only. [D] Both track and field events. 35. [A] From 397. [B] From the 776B.C.. [C] From 1896. [D] 2,700 years ago. Exercise Two Passage One 26. [A] They want to sell as much as possible in Japan [B] Direct marketing enables them to avoid the multitier distribution channels [C] They prefer to keep the same price as it is in U.S. [D] They Japanese consumers have increased their leisure time in recent years. 27. [A] More and more people are buying imported goods. [B] They face the challenges from all imported goods. [C] Leisure time is very precious in Japanese society. [D ]The Japanese consumers have increased their leisure time in recent years. 28. [A] They want to keep up with the fashion. [B] Using imported goods brings then a sense of prestige. [C] Imported goods are better in quality than homemade ones. [D] They prefer the cachet of those imported goods. Passage Two 29. [A] Why and when the Oscars were presented. [B] The history and development of the Academy Awards. [C] The great effect of the Oscars throughout the world. [D] How the Academy presents the Academy Awards. 30. [A] It was introduced from the beginning of the Academy Awards. [B] It started from the Academy Awards in 1935. [C] It made the Oscars voting process completely secret. [D] Price water house Coopers became famous for the founding of it. 31. [A] The Oscars are irregularly presented as a whole. [B] The founder of AMPAS was an American film director. [C] The Awards ceremony has improved rating a lot. [D] The Academy Awards have all been controlled by Price water house Coopers. Passage Three 32. [A] Hollywood and Academy awards. [B] Hollywood and sexual separation. [C] Actors and actresses. [D] Racial discrimination and sexual difference. 33. [A] 16. [B] 146. [C] 162. [D] 130. 34. [A] Only one black actor has ever been nominated for the Academy Awards. [B] Only three black actors have ever won the best director titles. [C] The black actors are given a separate award. [D] The black actors experience more unfair treatment. 35. [A] Because for the Oscars the most important thing is about glamour. [B] Because audience only want to see this year’s dresses and hairstyles. [C] Because there is no offense to the male actors in their dresses. [D] Because studies want female super stars to help them make money. Exercise Three Passage One 26. [A] Nicotine. [B] Ashes. [C] Smoke. [D] Tar. 27. [A] To keep selling them to people by producing cigarettes with less tar. [B] To persuade people to give up smoking entirely. [C] To reduce the risk to people’s health. [D] To let people know the risk to people’s health. 28. [A] Smoking. [B] Smokers. [C] Why Do People Smoke? [D] The Tar. Passage Two isn’t the most popular tourist sight any longer. 29. [A] It [B] It attracts less than three million tourists a year. [C] It is visited by more than 3,000,000 visitors a year. [D] It is visited by fewer than 3,000,000 visitors a year. 30. [A] A palace. [B] A tourist sight. [C] A war field. [D] A prison and execution place. 31. [A] She didn’t get on well with Henry III. [B] She couldn’t give birth. [C] She couldn’t give Henry III a son. [D] She turned against her husband. 32. [A] The war was rapidly reflected in American literature. [B] The war was hardly reflected in American literature. [C] Hemingway was the only author to write about the war. [D] American literature was slow to reflect the war. 33. [A] John Steinbeck. [B] Hemingway. [C] The passage didn’t mention. [D] A certain poet. 34. [A] He was not affected at all. [B] He was greatly affected and wrote some first-class works dealing with it. [C] It had little and indirect influence on Hemingway’s writing. [D] He didn’t publish stories during the Great Depression. 35. [A] The great works of Hemingway and John Steinbeck. [B] World War I and literature. [C] A history of American literature. [D] The effects of World War I and the Great Depression on American literature. Exercise 1 Passage One 【听力原文】 Monkeys are small lively mammals than rank high among the most intelligent animals. Scientists classify monkeys in the highest order of mammals. Because monkeys are so intelligent, they can learn many tricks. [26] Their loneliness makes them favorites among zoo visitors. They New World monkeys, one of two major groups of monkeys, live in Central American and Africa. The nostrils of New World monkeys are spaced more widely than those of the Old World monkeys. Most kinds of Old World monkeys have 36 teeth. [27] All New World monkeys have 32 teeth. Some New World monkeys can hold things with their tails but no Old World monkeys can. Monkeys use their long arms and legs to help them climb and leap. They grasp the branches of trees with their hands and feet. [28] Most types of monkeys have a long tail that helps them keep their balance. While moving through trees, some monkeys use their tails to grasp branches. Almost from the moment of birth, a baby monkey hangs on to its mother by grasping her fur. The infant clings to its mother’s underside at first. Later it rides on her back. Until the baby can travel safely on its own, its mother carries it. A baby monkey feeds on its mother’s milk. Depending on the species, a baby monkey receives its mother’s milk for a few weeks up to two years. 【答案】 26.A 27.C 28.B Passage Two 【听力原文】 All big cities are quite similar. Living in a modern Asian city is not very different from living an American city. The same cannot be said about living on farms, however. In many parts of the world, farmers and their families live in villages or towns. [29(1)] In the United States, however, each farm family lives on its own fields, often beyond the sight of any neighbors. Instead of traveling from a village to the fields every morning, [29(2)] American farmers stay on their land throughout the week. They travel to the nearest town on Saturdays for shopping or on Sundays for church. [30] The children ride on buses to large schools which serve all of the farm families living in the aea. In some areas, there are small schools serving a few farm families, and the children walk to school. Of course life keeps changing for everyone including farmers. Today there are cars, good roads, radios, and television sets. And of course, there are modern machines for farming. All of these have changed farm life. For many years, however, [29(3)] farming in America was often a lonely way of living. [31] Farmers had to deal with their own problems, instead of getting help from others. They learned to try new methods and to trust their own ideas instead of following older ways. 【答案】 29.A 30.B 31.B Passage Three 【听力原文】 [32(1)] [33] The Olympic Games are held every four years in a different city in the world. Athletes from many countries compete in a variety of sports which are divided into winter and summer games. [32(2)] The Olympic Games began in Greece more than 2,700 years ago. The games were originally part of a religious festival in honor of the Greek Gods. Eventually, the games became the most important festival in all of Greece. [32(3)] The first recorded Olympic competition was held in 776 B.C.. It was held in an outdoor stadium which was about 200 meters long and 30 meters wide. The stadium was a valley and about forty thousand people watched the event. [34] The first thirteen Olympics consisted of only one race-running. Since 776 B.C., the games had been held regularly for about 1,200 years. In the year 397 the Olympics were prohibited by the Roman Emperor. [32(4)] [35] It was not until 1896 that the first Olympics of modern times were held in Athens. From then on, the games are held every four years regularly. The Olympics have become the world’s most important athletic event and a symbol of the sporting friendship of all the people of the world. 【答案】 32.B 33.A 34.B 35.C Exercise 2 Passage One 【听力原文】 U.S. direct marketers are taking advantage of the trends of the market and natural advantages which provide good opportunities in Japan. And the future looks promising, too. In particular, the appreciation of the ten, or what the Japanese refer to as endaka, has made many U.S. products much affordable and desirable to the Japanese consumers. Also, [26] through direct marketing U.S. companies can bypass the multitier distribution channels and provide the Japanese consumers with a product that is priced very competitively to the retail product. Another advantage is that the Japanese market consists of a very affluent society with a high per capita income. Direct marketing allows the Japanese consumers to increase their leisure time by staying at home and shopping. This is very important since [27(1)] leisure time is a very precious commodity in a society which typically has a long work week. [27(2)] Japanese direct marketers have also taken mote of this factor, as evidenced by the trend of stagnant traditional retail sales in Japan while direct marketing sales have continued to expand. [28] Japanese consumers also prefer the cachet of such imported goods. This is similar to many consumers around the world who prefer the distinction of French perfume and Italian leather. 【答案】 26.B 27.C 28.D Passage Two 【听力原文】 [29] The Academy Awards, especially known as the Oscars, are the oldest, best known, and most famous of film awards. They were presented for the first time in May of 1929. Since then, they have been presented every year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) based in Beverly Hills, California, and founded in 1927. Price Waterhouse, now called Price Waterhouse Coopers, has managed the Academy Awards voting process since 1935,all but the first six years of the Oscars. [30] Ever since 1941, when their now-famous secret envelope system was introduced, marking the first year of complete secrecy, “the Envelope” has become a familiar phrase that evokes the thought of the Academy Awards ceremony. Except for the early years of the institution, the awards honored films made during the past year. Until 1954, [31(1)] the Oscars were presented mostly on a Thursday evening. From 1955 to 1958, [31(2)] they were presented on a Wednesday. From 1959 until 1998 the Oscars were, with a few exceptions, [31(3)] presented on a Monday night. Only since 1999 has the Awards ceremony [31(4)] taken place on a Sunday. In 2004, the ceremony was moved even earlier to improve ratings and to be more connected with the awards “season”. The founding of the Academy and its awards system has had a major effect upon the film industry, due to a nomination or award for a film or actor to give to a studio or a performer. 【答案】 29.B 30.C 31.A Passage Three 【听力原文】 In the 74-year history of the Academy Awards, women have been nominated for best director exactly twice. [32(1)] Yet the motion picture academy would never consider creating a category for “best directress”. Even in fields where more women are, they tend to fare poorly against men. [33] Of the 146 writers nominated for an Academy Award in the last decade, for example, only 16 have been women. No one favors separate awards for male and female screenwriters. [32(2)] And if the idea is to recognize professionals who tend to be ignored in Hollywood, then there ought to be a separate award for black actors. [34] You think women have it hard in Hollywood? Only three black actors have ever won the top awards and only 15 have ever been nominated, compared with over 300 white actors. [35] The Academy Awards indulge in sexual difference because the Oscars are, first and foremost, about glamour. Actresses are women in the public eye than almost anyone else in Hollywood. No offense to the male actors in their black or white evening dresses, but on Oscar bight, it’s the women who bring the attraction. Audiences want to see this year’s dresses and hairstyles. Studios want female stars to help them sell tickets. 【答案】 32.D 33.D 34.D 35.A Exercise 3 Passage One 【听力原文】 Smoking can be harmful to your health. [28(1)] But why do people smoke? [28(2)] One reason is that people become addicted to cigarettes. To be addicted means that your body comes to need them. The addictive substance in cigarettes is nicotine. When people smoke, the nicotine goes right into the blood stream and makes people feel relaxed. A smoker’s body gets accustomed to the nicotine and if he stops smoking, he feels nervous. Many smokers try to stop smoking, but because of the addiction to nicotine, they feel so uncomfortable that they often find it too difficult to stop. [28(3)] Another reason is that people simply enjoy smoking and what it symbolizes. Having a cigarette for many people means taking a break. For some people smoking becomes part of certain social rituals, for example, the cigarette after dinner. Many people enjoy smoking because it gives them something to do with their hands. Reaching for a cigarette, lighting it and flicking the ashes are especially comforting in situations where a person feels tense. [28(4)] Many people also like the taste of tar in cigarettes. [26] However, it is the tar that causes cancer. While governments and [27] health experts have tried to get people to give up smoking entirely, cigarette manufacturers have tried to keep selling them by producing cigarettes with less tar. Many people in Western countries have welcomed these cigarettes since they find it hard to stop smoking but want to reduce the risk to their health. 【答案】 26.D 27.B 28.C Passage Two 【听力原文】 The White Tower was started in 1706 and Completed in 1079. It was the oldest of the 20 towers which used to stand here. The Tower of London was first built by William, the Conqueror to protect and control the city. [29] Today it is the most popular tourist sight and attracts over three million visitors a year. It was sometimes used as a palace for the Kings and Queens of England until the time of James I, [30] but was best known as a prison and execution place. Within the walls of the Tower, princes have been murdered, spies shot and Queens killed. One of the most famous executions was that of Ann Boleyn in 1536. [31] She was killed because she couldn’t give Herny III a son. The Tower was also the scene of one of London’s most famous mysteries, known as the mystery of the princes in the Tower. Edward IV died in 1483 with his two son left. His brother Richard brought Edward IV’s two sons to the Tower. Their uncle announced he himself was the new king and asked the people to call him Richard III. After that the two boys disappeared. It was said that the two sons were murdered by the order of their uncle. 【答案】 29.C 30.D 31.C Passage Three 【听力原文】 [32] Although important events often reflect themselves quickly in literature of a country, [35(1)] the effect of World War I on American writing was delayed. The war promptly produced some mediocre prose and poetry, but distinguished work,mainly in the form of novels,appeared only some years later. [33] The best came from Ernest Hemingway. He had already written some very good short stories and one first-class novel, The Sun Also Rises. But he did not publish a novel fully involved with the war until 1929. It proved worth waiting for. [35(2)] The onset of the Great Depression, on the other hand, was rapidly mirrored in American literature, especially in novels, and during the ten years after the Depression started, much writing dealt with it. One of the best these novels was John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath. [34(1)] But the arrival of the Depression little affected Hemingway’s attitudes. During the 1930s, he continued to publish novels and short stories. They dealt with a variety of subjects but customarily revealed his high view of courage. The brave did not always survive in his fiction but they lived their lives to the fullest. It was not until the late 1930s that [34(2)] reference to the Depression crept into Hemingway’s writing and, even then, its influence was indirect. 【答案】 32.D 33.B 34.C 35.D