形容词比较级的用法

形容词比较级的用法 (专题 )形容词比较级最高级的用法 形容词比较级通常可分为原级、比较级、最高级三种基本形式，具体而言，它们分别以下列形式出现在句中: 它们分别以下列形式出现在句中: (1)as+原级+as Tom is as tall as Kate.汤姆和凯特一样高. (2)比较级+than Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高. (3)the+最高级+of (in)((( Tom is the tallest boy in our class. 汤姆是我们班个子最高的男孩。 Tom is the tallest boy of all the boys. 汤姆是所有男孩中个子最高的。 the+序数词，最高级+of (in)((( The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 1 黄河是中国的第二长河。 ???需注意的原级的用法: (1)否定结构有 A((。not as+形容词原级+as B Tom is not as tall as Kate.汤姆和凯特不一样高. A(((not so +形容词原级+as B两种结构。 Tom is not so tall as Kate.汤姆和凯特不一样高. (2)示倍数有(((times as+形容词原级+as的句型。如: This garden is ten times as large as that one(这个花园是那个花园的10倍。 This garden is ten times larger than that one(这个花园比那个花园大10倍。 This room is twice as large as that one(这 2 个房间是那个房间的2倍。 This room is twice larger than that one(这个房间比那个房间大2倍。 (3)half as+形容词原级+as表示“„„的一半”。 如:This book is half as thick as that one(这本书是那本书的一半厚。 ???需注意的比较级的用法: (1)than后面接代词时，一般要用主格，但在口语中工也可换成me。 Tom is taller than I.汤姆比我高。 Tom is taller than me.(口语) (2)比较级前还可以用much，even，still，a little来修饰。 Be united as one, and you’ll win still greater victory.团结起来,争取更大的胜利。 Canada is much larger than Mexico. 加拿大的面积比墨西哥大得多。 (3)表示倍数时，试比较 Our room is twice as large as theirs( 我 3 们的房间是他们的两倍那样大。 Our room is twice larger than theirs( 我们的房间比他们的大两倍。 (4) I’ m two years older than you( 我比你大两岁。 (5)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越„„”。 He becomes fatter and fatter(他越来越胖。 It is getting warmer and warmer.天气变的越来越暖和了。 (6)"The+比较级„，the+比较级”表示“越„„，越„„”。 The busier he is，the happier he feels(他越忙就越高兴。 ??? 需注意的最高级的用法: (1) 常见结构有: “of+复数意义的词”表示“在„之中的”，“在„中”; He is the tallest of all the boys(他是所有男孩中个子最高的。 4 “in+范围、场所”表示“在„„之中”。 China is the greatest country in the world(中国是世界上最伟大的国家。 比较级容易出现的问题 一. 比较对象不明 使用比较级时,前后两个比较项要保持一致. 若前一个比较项是不可数名词,则后一个比较项可为替代词 that The books on this shelf are more interesting than the ones on that shelf. 这个书架上的书比那个书架上的书有趣。 若前一个比较项是可数名词,则后一个比较项可为替代词 one, ones 或 those.此 时,这些替代词是绝不可少的. These soldiers on top of the mountain can see further than those in the wood. 山顶上这些士兵能比树林中的那些士兵看得远? 另外还要注意,前后比较对象不能处于同一范 围内 Li Ming is cleverer than any other student in his class. 李明在他班里比任何学生都聪明 解析:句中的 other 不可少,因为 any student 也包括李明在内?依照常理,在同一时期或同一 个方面,人或物自身不能与自身相比较?在 any 之后加上 other,就是要从 any student 中排除 李明本人?如果二者不是在同一范围内,后一个 5 比较对象就可为“any + 单数名词”?例如: Shanghai is larger than any city in Africa. 上海比非洲任何一个城市都大? 二(误用修饰语 如果句意上需要,比较级前面可以有 much, no, rather, far, a little, a lot, even, still等修饰语。例如: Be united as one, and you’ll win still greater victory. 团结起来,争取更大的胜利。 Canada is much larger than Mexico. 加拿大的面积比墨西哥大得多。 三(词序有误 在安排比较结构中的词序时,有些学生只考虑中文意思,却忽略了英语的习惯表 达方式?例如: 1. 他比我高一头? 误:He is taller a head than I. 正:He is a head taller than I. 2. 这个房间是那个房间的两倍大? 误:his room is as twice large as that one. 正:his room is twice as large as that one. 3. 汤姆似乎不像吉姆那样是个好孩子? 误Tom doesn’t seem to be as a good boy as Jim. 正Tom doesn’t seem to be as good a boy as Jim. 4. 她工作越努力,取得的进步就越大? 6 误he harder she worked, the more she made progress. 正:The harder she worked, the more progress she made. 四(随意省略 the。 形容词最高级前面要加定冠词 the,而形容词的比较级前边通常不加定冠词 the。如果两者进行比较,形容词比较级后面没有 than,而用 of 短语来明确说出 两个比较的对象时,形容词比较级前面必须加定冠词 the?例如: 莉莉是双胞胎中较高的那个? 误: Lily is taller of the twins. 正: Lily is the taller of the twins. 1. 表示两者之中“较...”，用the+比较级+of the two。 I'll give you the bigger of the two steaks; I'm not very hungry. 我要把这块比较大的牛排给你，我不怎么饿。 2. 定冠词或指示形容词+比较级+名词表示比较。 The taller man is the boss of the restaurant and the shorter one is his brother. 那个身材较高的男人是餐馆老板。较矮的那位是他弟弟。 3. 有少数以-ior结尾的属于拉丁语的形容词，如inferior(次于), junior(年幼的; 下级的), posterior(之后), prior(之前), senior(年长的,上级的), superior(优于)等 本身就有比较的意思，后面不接 than，常与介系词to连用，后面用宾格。 I am two years junior to you. 我比你小两岁。 该句相当于。 I am two years your junior. I am your junior by two years. I am two years younger than you (are). 7 类似结构还有。 be senior to(年长于)+宾格be older than+主格 be superior to(优于)+宾格be better than+主格 be inferior to(劣于)+宾格 ?be worse than+主格 4. 比较形容词可以被修饰语如a little(一点), much(得多), even(更加), still(更 加), far(...得多), very much, any, no, rather, a lot (a great deal), a little (a bit)等 修饰，但不可用very修饰，表示某种程度。 The sun is a lot bigger and brighter than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多、亮得多。 一、选择正确的答案 1. Bob never does his homework_____ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as 2.Now air in our town is ____ than it used to be. Something must be done to it. A. very good B. much better C. rather than D. even worse 3. I feel __ better than yesterday. A. more B. very C. the D. far 4. China has a large population than __ in the world. A. all other countries B. every country 8 C. any country D. any other country 5.This book is __ on the subject . A. the much best B. much the best C. very much best D. very the best 6.The sick boy is getting __ day by day. A.worse B. bad C. badly C. worst 7.This necklace looks __ and__ sells__. A. well, well B. good, nice C. nice, good D. nice, well 8. Doctor Wang ___ heart operation A. is interested on B. like doing C. does well in D. is good at 9.the population of Shangdong is__ than that Sichuan. A. smaller B. larger C. less D. large 10.I didn’t go shopping yesterday.He didn’t __. A. so B. either C. too C. neither 11.___ delicious the food is! A.How B . how a C. What D. What a 12. What animal do like ___? I like all kinds of animals. A. better B. best C. very D. well 13.Hainan is a very large island. It’t the second__ island in China. A.large B. larger C. largest D. most large 14.If you want to book a round –trip ticket,you’ll have to pay __ $30. A.more B. other C. the other D. another 15.A horse is __ than a dog. A.much heavy B.more heavier C.much heavier D.more heavy 9 16.Which is __ season in Beijing? I think it’s spring. A.good B.well C. best D.the best 17.Usually Xiao Li spends __ time doing homework than XiaoChen does. A.little B less C. few D. fewer 18.I liked to play football when I was young. _______. A.So he was B.So was he C.So did he D. So he did .用所给词的恰当形式填空。 二 1.Which is _______ (big) ,the sun,the moon or the earth? 2.Which is ______ (beautiful),the black coart or the blue one? 3.this mooncake is ____ (cheap) of all. 4.He is _______ (strong) in the class. 5.English is ____ (widely)spoken in the world. 10