(考研英语系列)考研英语单词-乱序

(考研英语系列)考研英语单词-乱序 (考研英语系列)考研英语单词-乱序.txt appraise 估量，估计 appraise the infant's weight apprehend 对...担心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty? approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的 The approximate time is 10 o'clock. consent 同意，赞同，准许 The people will never consent to another war. conserve 保护，保藏，保存 conserve natural resources tilt 使倾斜，使倾倒 Tilt your head back so that I can look down your throat token 示，标志，象征He did that as a , of good faith torture 拷打，拷问 , a confession from a prisoner tough 坚韧的，牢固的 Some plastic are as , as metal conspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的 He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage. contempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sb exhaust 汲空,抽完:exhaust a well expire 满期,届期,(期限)终止:His term of office expires this year strip 剥去，除去 The wind stripped the tree of all its leaves strive 努力，奋力，力求, towards a goal stroke 敲，打，鸣 drive in a nail with one , of the hammer exploit英勇的或冒险的行为或事迹:The daring of exploit of the parachutists were much admired exterior 外部的,外面的,外表的:exterior decorations external 外面的,外部的:external signs of a disease extinct (火等)熄灭了的:an extinct cigarette(fire) forge锻炼:forge a horse-shoe out of an iron bar formulate规划(制度等),构想出(方法等)formulate a policy shear 剪，修剪 , a lawn shed 流 , one’s blood for one’s country sheer 完全的，十足的 , nonsense shelter 掩蔽处，躲避处 a bus , notorious 臭名昭著的a , thief notwithstanding 虽然，尽管 They traveled on,, the storm nourish养育Milk is all we need to ,our small baby orthodox 正统的，正宗的 an , economic theory overflow 泛滥 Every spring the river ,s overhaul 大修，全面检查，彻底革新, a faulty machine presume 推测，假定，假设 From the way they talked, I ,d them to be married prey 被捕食的动物，捕获物 The lion seized its , and ate it prick 一刺，一扎 The boy burst the balloon with a , of the needle numb 麻木的，失去感觉的 fingers , with cold shield 盾，保护物，防御物 They piled more sand on top as a , shrewd 机灵的，敏锐的，精明的 a , guess signify 表示，表明，预示 , consent with a nod simulate 假装，冒充 use tricks to , illness obstinate 顽固的，固执的，倔强的The girl would go her own way, in spite of all warnings odd的奇数的，单的，奇怪的One ,three five are ,numbers offence 犯法行为，过错 They were arrested for drug ,s. omit 省略，删去 Minor points may be omitted. renovate 修复，整修 , a two storey building repent 后悔，懊悔 ,of a thoughtless act incorporate 包含，吸收:His book incorporates his earlier essays indignant 愤怒的，愤慨的:The actress was at the columnist’s personal questions opaque 不透明的A brick wall is ,. optimistic 乐观的，乐观主义的 ornament 装饰品，点缀品 We bought ,s for the Christmas tree primitive 原始的，上古的，早期的 a , forest prior 在先的，在前的 Stop making public statements without their , approval here overlap 重叠，部分相同 The Renaissance overlapped the later Middle Ages overtake 赶上，超过 He ran out of the door to , her fracture 裂缝,裂痕: a fracture in the pipe furnish供应，提供:furnish blankets for the refugees fury狂怒，暴怒:fly into a fury manipulate (熟练地)操作 Mr. Smith manipulated the ivory chopsticks with great dexterity merit 长处，优点，价值，功绩 merits and demerits . moan 呻吟声，呜咽声 Each time she moved her leg she let out a , explicit 详尽的,明确的:give explicit directions straightforward 一直向前的，直接的 a , business transaction stride阔步前进，大踏步走He strode to the platform string 细绳，线，带 She took the parcel and started to undo the string mobilize 动员 Our country’s in great danger, we must , the army. modify 修改，更改 ,a law momentary 片刻的，瞬息的 a , feeling of fear fuss大惊小怪，乱忙，小题大做:make much fuss over losing a penny grace 优美:She ran well, grace in every movement preside 主持，主管(at, over) The vice chairman of the board will , at today’s meeting privilege 特权，优惠，特免 In countries where there are still not many schools, education is a , probe 探索，探查，调查 , the roots of war proclaim 宣告，宣布，声明 , war grant 同意，准予:grant a request grease 油脂，动物脂:the grease spot on the envelope grieve 使悲伤，使伤心:The little girl grieved over her kitten’s death grind (ground)磨，磨碎，碾碎:grind wheat into flour incline倾斜:The shaft inclines almost thirty degree rectify纠正，改正，矫正 , the mistakes in a bill refine 提炼, crude oil into various petroleum products sketch 素描，速写 make a , of a face in pencil slack 不紧的，不严的 a , soft rope slit 切开，撕开 , the envelope open sly 狡猾的，偷偷的 a ,answer smash 打碎，打破，摧毁 The ball ,ed the window refute驳斥，驳倒 The argument cannot be d at the moments strain 拉紧，绷紧 If you , the elastic any more, it will break strap 带，皮带 silks ,s over the victory rejoice 使感到高兴，使充满喜悦 The whole nation , relate 讲述，叙述 She ,d the experience of a Chinese girl in the United States render 使得，使成为 The blow ,ed him unconscious indispensable 必不可少的，必需的(to. for): Oxygen is indispensable to life induce 引诱，劝使:Nothing will induce me to do that ingenious (人,头脑等)灵巧的，足智多谋的:an ingenious designer narrate 叙述，讲述 , the story of sb’s life economical节约的,节俭的,经济的: an economical stove edible可以吃的,可食用的:edible oil taboo 禁忌，忌讳Movies producers attempted to break down all the ,s tackle 用具，装备 shaving , tame 驯化的，驯服的，温顺的 ,animails elaborate精心计划(或制作)的,详尽的:an elaborate plot elevate举起,提高,抬起:elevate the living standards of the people 消除:eliminate the exploitation of man by man eliminate排除, negligent 疏忽的，大意的 be , about traffic regulations nominal 名义的，有名无实的 a , leader nominate 提名 a , leader wreck 失事，遇难 a train , wrench 扳手 He is a , . wrinkle 皱，皱纹 He will wore the ,s of anxiety on his forehead. Xerox 静电复印(法)，静电复印件，静电复印机 Make me a , of this report. noteworthy值得注意的，显著的a , day peculiar 奇怪的，古怪的 He has always been a little , penetrate 穿透，渗入 The nail ,d the wood at least two inches sack 麻袋，纸袋，塑料袋 a ,of cement scatter 撒，撒播, corn for the chickens scorn 轻蔑，鄙视 He ,s lying scrap 碎片，零屑 ,s of bread scrape 刮，擦 ,one’s chin tow 拖，拉，牵引 tow a damaged ship into port trail 痕迹，足迹 a , of destruction left by the violence tramp 步行，跋涉 He loves ,ing over the hills transient 短暂的，转瞬即逝的 , happiness transmit 播送，发射 , a match live transparent 透明的 Glass is , scratch 抓，刮，擦 The cat ,ed me with its claws sensible 明知的，合情理的 a , choice sham假装，虚伪 Her illness was a , to gain sympathy shame 羞耻，羞愧 flush with , perceive 感知，感觉，觉察 He was only able to , light and color ;he could not see properly perfume 香水，香料，香气She loves French ,(s) fabricate 建造,制造:The finest craftsmen fabricated this clock 更)容易,使便利:Such a port would facilitate the passage of oil from facilitate使变得( the Middle East to Japan faint不清楚的,模糊的,微弱的:a faint idea feasible 可行的:a feasible plan(idea) feeble 虚弱的,无力的:His pulse was very feeble regenerate 使恢复，使复兴，再生The human body can , hair, nails, etc regulate管理，控制，为„„制订规章 The policeman ,d traffic at the intersection reign 为王，统治In England ,the sovereign ,s but does not rule reinforce 增援，加强 They hope to , their domination in these countries slender 苗条的，修长的，细长的She is , and has long dark hair slide 滑行，滑动，滑落 The drawers of my desk , in and out easily feed 喂养,饲养:feed a baby at the breast finite 有限的,有限制的:a finite number of facts flare (火焰)闪耀,(摇曳不定地)燃烧:candle flaring in the wind glimpse 一瞥，一看:have a glimpse of (into)sth boast 自吹自擂，自夸的话 He is full of boasts. boom 低沉有回响的声音 The great bell tolled with a deep boom. flavor味,味道,风味:drama with a European flavor flexible柔韧易,弯曲的:flexible cord periodical 期刊，杂志 a , room pledge 保证，誓言，誓约 fulfill one’s , plot 小块土地 a vegetable , undesirable 不合意的，不受欢迎的 The drug has , side effects uneasy 心神不宁的，不安宁的 be ,uneasy about the future specify 具体指定，详细说明 They have specified the amount as 700,000 dollars plug 塞子，栓 He wears rubber ,s in his ears when he swims plunge 猛地投入或插入 He ran to the edge of the swimming pool and ,d in eloquent雄辩的,口才流利的,有说服力的:an eloquent spokesman emit发出,散发(光,热,电度,声音,液体,气味等),发射电子:The chimney emitted a cloud of smoke enclose (从四面八方)围住,包围:enclose a porch with glass nasty 龌龊的，肮脏的 a, room necessitate 使成为必须，需要 The emergency ,d a change in plans. poll 民意测验 A recent , shows a change in public opinion preach 讲道，布道 , to a packed church macroscopic肉眼可见的 malfunction 发生功能障碍，发生障碍 If the computer malfunctions it fails to work properly inquire 询问，打听:He inquired what the weather was likely to be instant 紧急的，急迫的，立即的，即刻的:be in instant need of help institute 学会，协会，学院，研究院:an institute for the blind reproach 责备，指责，斥责 mute , resolve 决定，打定注意要 Have you ,d where to go next? resort 求助，凭借，诉诸 , to sb for help brittle glass brittle 易碎的，一碰就破的 cease 停止，终止，结束 The music ceased suddenly. object 物体，事物 cultural , insulate 隔音，使隔绝(以免受到影响):We are not insulated from the real world the way we were rally 集合，团结 , public opinion in favor of price controls random胡乱的，任意的，随意的，a ,talk reap 收割，收获 , the rice in the field rear 后部，后边，背部a garden at the , of the house gallop (马等的)飞跑，疾驰:The horse did a fine gallop during the race gamble赌博:gamble at cards glitter 闪闪发亮(或发光)，光彩夺目，闪耀:His language glitters with marvelous words glow 发热，发光，发红:the fire glowing in the darkness ultimate 最后的，最终的 The war ended for us in , victory blunt 钝的 The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive. blush (因害羞、激动、窘困)脸红 blush with(或for) joy gasp 喘气，喘息:speak between gasps ’t think you can generalize about what voters will do generalize 归纳，概括:I don genuine 真的，非人造的，名副其实的:genuine leather maltreat 粗暴地对待，虐待 We’ll not intervene unless the children are being physically maltreated manifest 显然的，明了的manifest superiority initiate 开始，发起:initiate a conversation innovate 革新，改革，创新(in,on/upon):innovate on another’s creation glance 一瞥，扫视:take a glance at the newspaper headlines brace 托架，支架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight. bribe 贿赂 accept(或take)a bribe from sb. brisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pace resent 怨恨 , those unfair comments reserve 保留，储备 We’ll the ticket for you till tomorrow noon resign 辞职，引退 He ,ed from his post objective 目的，宗旨 political ,s oblige 强迫，迫使 In certain countries the law ,s parents to send their children to school obscure 晦涩的，费解的 an , text squeeze 榨，挤 , juice from oranges stab 刺，戳，猛的一击，突发的一阵 a , of anxiety stain 玷污，污染 His shirt was ,ed with blood weld 焊接，煅接 It takes speed to , steel at this heat whirl 旋转，急转 The couples ,ed round the dance floor whitewash 粉饰 quench 消除，平息，压制，扑灭 , hatred quiver 颤抖，抖动 , with cold wholesome 有益于健康的 , surroundings Wooden warships are ,. obsolete 废弃的，淘汰的 character (事物的)性质，特质 The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without check 使突然停止，制止 check one’s steps rack 架子，支架，搁架 a clothes , radiate(光，热等)辐射，发射 The sun ,s light and heat radical 根本的，基本的a , error rake (长柄)耙，耙机，耙状物 an oyster , substitute 代替者，代替物 He is the doctor’s , during holidays times succession 连续，一系列 a , of debates sue 控告，起诉 , sb for slander unanimous 全体一致的，一致同意的 They are , in asking for a rise in pay undermine 在„„下挖 , a wall spectacle 景象，奇观，壮观，场面 The burning house was a terrible , I cannot , on their motives for doing this speculate 推测，推断 overthrow 推翻，打倒 a plot to , the government overwhelm 征服，压倒，毁坏 He took 45% of the ballots and ,ed his two main rivals spin 纺制 , cotton into yarn fling(用力)扔,掷,抛,丢:fling sb into prison flourish 茂盛,繁荣,兴旺:Painting flourished in Italy in the fifteenth century fluctuate波动,起伏:You can’t march in a straight line to the victory, you fluctuate it flush 脸红:Her cheeks flushed red splash 溅泼A passing car ,ed my dress split 劈开，切开，裂开 , the firewood with an axe sponsor 发起者，主办者，保证人，赞助者the , of the annual Christmas parade sprout 抽条，发芽，长出 The seeds we planted finally ,ed wicked 坏的，邪恶的，淘气的，恶作剧的 , habits wind 绕，缠The snake wound around a branch withdraw 抽回，收回，提取 She withdrew her eyes from the terrible sight withhold 使停止，阻挡 be obliged to , one’s pen reclaim 使改过，改造 , former criminals recollect 回忆，想起 I am trying to , a forgotten address reconcile 使和解，使和好After each fight they ate soon ,d submerge 浸没，淹没，湮没 The stream overflowed and ,d the farmland submit 屈服，服从，投降 , to foreign pressure subordinate 下级的 In the army ,captains are , to majors withstand 经受，承受 ,hardships worship 崇拜，崇敬 the , of the dollars wrap 包，裹 , oneself in a blanket stale 食品等不新鲜的，走味的 These old peanuts taste , stall 牛舍 startle 惊吓，使吃惊 The horse ,s easily collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解 The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow. collide 碰撞，互撞 The car collided with the truck. implement 工具，器具，用具:new types of farm implements impose 征(税)，加(负担，惩罚等)于(on, upon):impose additional tax on business expansion impulse 推动，驱动:give an impulse to the development of the friendly relations between the two countries conceive 构想出，设想 conceive an idea condense (使)压缩，(使)凝结，使简洁 condense a speech to half stationary 固定的，静止的，非流动的 , troops stern 严厉的，苛刻的 a , punishment endeavor (为达到某一目的而)努力,尝试:How much he endeavored, goal stayed unattained extinguish熄灭,扑灭:extinguish a cigarette(candle) blaze 火焰 The fire sprang into a blaze. stir 使微动，移动 A breeze ,red my hair Make your ,es closer together stitch 一针，针脚 extract取出,提取:extract a confession extravagant奢侈的,浪费的:be extravagant in one’s way of living stimulate 刺激，促使 , economic growth sting刺，螫，叮 A bee stung him on the neck assurance 保证，把握，信心 He gave me his assurance that he would help. auxiliary 辅助的 an auxiliary rocket avert 挡开，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy. beforehand 预先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand. blast 一阵(风)，一股(气流) a blast of wind stock 原料，备料，库存，现货 Rags are used as a , for making paper stoop 俯身，弯腰She ,ed to pick up her fan reciprocal 相互的，交互的 , respect gossip 流言蜚语:give rise to gossip monitor (学校的)班长 a , in class 5. confer 商谈，商议 confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth. conform 遵照，适应 confirm to(或with) the rules(the law) confront (使)面临，(使)遭遇 The war confronted him with hardships. mortgage 抵押(借款)He will have to , his land for a loan. mutual 相互的， 彼此的 , aid reckon 计算，数 , the days till Christmas transplant 移植，移种，移居 , a human heart into a patient trifle 琐事，小事 One should not get angry about such a , grip 抓紧，紧握:Fear gripped his heart hail 欢呼，喝彩:The crowd hailed the actress with joy halt (行进中的)暂停前进，中止，终止:The car came to a sudden halt handicap 障碍，不利条件:Poor eyesight is a handicap to a student haste 急速，急忙，仓促，草率: Why all this haste? hatch 孵，孵出:hatch (out) chickens justify 证明。。。正当或有理,正确:Such behavior is justified on these grounds knit 编织，编结:She’s knitting her husband a sweater inaccessible 达不到的:The two rocks at the top of the steep hill is at first sight inaccessible compact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggage compatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的 You should choose a roommate more compatible to your tastes. compress 压缩 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences comprise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three docks. hazard 危险，危害物，危险之源:a life full of hazards hedge (矮树)树篱:a quickset hedge hinder妨碍，阻止:Bad weather hindered travel hoist 举起，升起，吊起:The war hoisted prices homogeneous 同种类的，同性质的，有相同特征的:homogeneous parts humble 地位(或身份)低下的，卑贱的:a humble job superb 极好的，一流的，杰出的 , science and engineering superficial 表面的 a ,resemblance superfluous过多的，剩余的，多余的a ,remark supervise 监督，管理，指导 , sb’s every move supplement增补，补充 a , to wages suppress压制，镇压 ,human rights supreme最高的，至上的 a , ruler surpass超过，优于，强于，胜过 , advanced world surplus过剩，剩余 a teacher , swarm 蜂群 sway摇摆 a tree ,ing gently in the breeze swear宣誓，发誓 , on a Bible to observe secrecy swell 膨胀，鼓起 A tire ,s as it is filled with air swing 摇摆，摇荡 , a baby in the cradle synchronize使同步，使结合，使协调 Their steps ,d vacant 未被占用的 a , seat in a bus vague 含糊的，不明确的，模糊的 a , answer valid 有根据的 a , excuse vanish 突然消失，逐渐消散 With a wave of his hand, the magician made the rabbit hysterical 情绪异常激动的，歇斯底里的 an hysterical outburst of fury trim 整齐的，整洁的 , lawns triumph 胜利 a , over the enemy virtual 实际上的，事实上的 the , manager of the business virtue 美德，德行 Among her many ,s are loyalty ,courage, and truthfulness vital 有生命力的 The heart is a , organ yield 生产，产生，带来 This orchard ,s apples and pears. void 空的 a , space trivial 琐碎的，不重要的，无价值的 , matters tuck 夹入，藏入 He ,ed the letter in a book so he wouldn’t lose it t open tug (用力)拖或拉He tugged the door but it wouldn’ snatch 夺得，一把抓住 The thief ,ed her handbag and ran off snob 势力的人，谄上欺下的人 a , of the first water soak 湿透，浸湿，浸泡 You shouldn’t have gone out in the rain,your clothes are , ing sober 未醉的 A driver must stay , sophisticated 老于世故的 a young man quite , for his age sound 健康的，健全的，完好的 a ,body in a , mind ward 病房 a 4-bed , warrant 授权，批准，正当理由，根据 He had no , for his action waterproof 不透水的，防水的 , material weary 疲倦的，疲劳的 a , look wedge 楔子，三角木 Please put a , in the door so that it will stay open weep 哭泣，流泪 , for one’s failure buy some shoes in tan tan棕黄色，黄褐色 cluster (果实，花等的)串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of tourists clutch 紧抓，紧握 clutch at an opportunity collaborate (尤指在文艺、科学等方面)合作，协作 He and I collaborated in writing plays. uniform 不变的，相同的，均匀，统一的 a , temperature upright 挺直的，垂直的 an , seat uproar 骚乱，骚动The public , over unclear-radiation hazards continues to mount upset 弄翻，打翻 I’ve , a tin of paint on the carpet utter 发出(声音等)，说，吐露 , the truth tease 戏弄，取笑 The boy is teasing the cat tempt 引诱，诱惑 Nothing could , me to do such a thing tender 嫩的 a , piece of meat tentative 试验性的，试探性的，暂时的，推测的 a ,plan diminish 减少，降低:His illness diminished his strength. diplomat 外交家，外交官，圆滑的人:a career diplomat discern 看出，觉察出:We could discern from his appearance that he was upset. discharge 释放:The judge found him not guilty and discharged him. discriminate 区别，辨别:It’s difficult to discriminate between the twin brothers. disgrace 丢脸，耻辱:bring disgrace on oneself dispose 布置，整理:The stores disposed the jewellery in an attractive display distort 扭歪，扭曲:a face distorted by (或with)pain distract 使转向:be distracted from one’s original purpose apt (习性)易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes. arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的 an arbitrary choice arise 起立，起身 arise from one's seat arouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry. ascertain 查明，弄清，确定 I ascertained that he was dead. assert 肯定地说(出)，坚定地断言 He asserted his innocence. assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证 distribute 分配，分发:distribute the prizes among the winners dominate 分配，统治:a white dominated society doom 命运，厄运，劫数:His doom was to be poverty. doze 打瞌睡，打盹儿:The old lady dozed in her armchair. drain 慢慢排去:drain water from a pool thermal 热的，由热造成的 ,burns thread 线，线状物 cotton , identical 同一的:the same (very)identical menu idle 闲散的，闲置的:idle money illuminate 照明，照亮，解释，启发，启迪:The room was poorly illuminated by one candle immerse 使浸没:He immersed himself in the pool enlighten 启发,使摆脱偏见(或迷信)Would you enlighten me on your plans for the future? enroll 吸收(成员),招生:The school enrolled about 300 pupils last year 给。。。资格(to):Robert was entitled to see the documents entitle 给。。。权利, equivalent 相等的,相同的:The misery of such a position is equivalent to its happiness erect 竖直的,垂直的,竖起的:an erect tree erupt (火山,喷泉等)喷发:The volcano is due to erupt any day eternal 永恒的,永存的,永久的:eternal truths dread 怕，畏惧:I dread to think of what may happen. drift 漂流，漂泊:The sounds of music drifted up to us. dubious 引起怀疑的，不确定的:a dubious reply due 欠款的，应支付的:A great deal of money is due to you. dump 倾倒，倾卸:He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk. duplicate 完全一样的，复制的:a duplicate key durable 耐用的:a durable fabric exaggerate 夸张,夸大,对„言过其实:keep to the facts and don’t exaggerate execute 实行,实施,执行,履行:execute a plan exemplify 例示,举例证明,是„的例证(或榜样等):The teacher exemplified the use of the word exert 用力,尽力:exert all one’s strength immune免除的，豁免的:Nobody is immune from criticism impact 冲击，撞击:the impact of light on the eye impair 削弱，减少:The output of produce was impaired by the bad weather impartial 公正的，无偏见的:A judge should be impartial thrive 兴旺发达，繁荣 His business is thriving thrust 推，刺，戳，插，挤He was , into power tick (钟声等发出的)滴答声veil 面纱，面罩 Jewish women wore ,s in token of reverence and submission ventilate 使通风，使空气流通 , a room verge 边，边缘，边沿 the , of a stream versatile 多才多艺的 a , man vicious 邪恶的，恶毒的，凶残的 lead a , life Tourist class passengers are ,ed from using the first class lounge prohibit 禁止 restrain 抑制，遏止 , one’s anger resume 重新开始，继续 When I quit golf, I ,d writing retain 保留，保持 ,the right to reply reveal 揭示，揭露 I promise never to , his secret reverse 相反的，颠倒的，倒退的a , dictionary revise 修订，校订 , a dictionary rigid 刚性的，坚硬的 a , piece of plastic tumble 跌到，滚下The baby is just learning to walk and he’s always tumbling over turbulent 骚乱的，动荡的，混乱的，狂暴的a , crowd tutor 家庭教师，指导教师 When the students are making their choices, their , may well guide them twinkle 闪烁，闪耀，闪亮 The diamond on her finger ,d in the firelight twist 捻，搓，绞，拧 , a rope out of threads if it is not refrigerated rot 腐烂，腐坏，腐朽，腐败，腐化Meat may , roundabout 绕道的，绕圈子的，不直接的 The car has to take a , course to avoid the flood rouse 惊起 The boat ,d wild ducks to flight row 吵闹，争吵 What’s all this , about? rub 擦，摩擦 He rubbed his eyes ruthless 无情的，残忍的，冷酷的 a, enemy prominent 突起的，凸出的 a , forehead prompt 敏捷的，迅速的 He is , on the job pronounce 发音 , distinctly propose提议， When she was very ill ,her lawyer has ,d to her that she might like to make a will provoke 挑动，激起，导致 He tried to , them into fighting vigor 体力，精力，活力 in the , of manhood insure 保险，给。。。保险:Every father should insure his life for the sake of his wife and children intact 完整无缺的，未经触动的，未受损伤的:an intact family interfere 妨碍，冲突(with):Misty weather interfered with the contact intermittent 间歇的，断断续续的，周期性的:suffer from intermittent headaches defy 公然违抗，反抗:He was going ahead defying all difficulties. degenerate 衰退，堕落，变坏(into): Her eyesight degenerated with the years. deliberate 慎重的，深思熟虑的:The government is taking deliberate action to lower prices. denote 表示，是。。。的标志，意思是:A frown often denotes displeasure. deposit 存放: She deposited her bag in the cloakroom. derive 取得，得到:He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. descend 下来，下降:Darkness descended too soon. designate 指明，表明:designate boundaries lag 走得慢，落后，滞留:Some of the runners began to lag latent 潜在的，隐伏的，不易觉察的:a latent infection leak 漏洞，裂缝:The pipe has got a leak desolate 荒芜的，不毛的:desolate land despise 蔑视，鄙视:He despises flattery. detach 拆卸:They detached their trailer and set up camp. detain 留住，担搁:be detained by business. deteriorate (使)恶化,(使)变坏,(使)退化: Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate. deviate 背离，偏离:deviate from the rule diffuse 扩散(气体，液体等):The colors of the sunset were diffused across the sky. liable 会„„的，有„„倾向的 We are all liable to make mistakes liberal 慷慨的，大方的 a liberal donation limp 软的，松沓的 a young man in a limp gray sweater contradict反驳,同„.相矛盾,同„.相抵触:The facts contradict his theory contrive,想出:contrive a new method 辨证:a point of controversy controversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论), convention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a convention cordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation) correspondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondent corrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and seller corrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt life pad 垫，衬垫 a seat , pant 气喘，气喘吁吁地说话 He ,ed along beside the bicycle paralyze 使瘫痪，使麻痹 A stroke ,d half his face partial 偏向一方的，偏袒的，偏爱的 A parent should not be , to any one of his children patch 补钉，补片 patches at elbows of a jacket patent 专利，专利权，专利品 take out a , for an invention pattern 模范，榜样 set the , for pave 铺路，铺砌，铺筑 , a road with concrete courtesy 谦恭有礼。有礼的举止(或)言辞:come in without courtesy crucial 决定性的，关键性的:a crucial decision dazzle (强光等)使目眩，耀眼:He was dazzled by his sudden success. deceive 欺骗，蒙蔽:deceive oneself perish 卒，丧生, from disease perpetual 永久的，永恒的，长期的 a , arms race perplex 使困惑，使茫然 The question ,ed him persecute 虐待，残害，迫害 , animals perspective 透视画法，透视图 a lesson in drawing class on , pessimistic 悲观的 I am , about my chances of getting the job petition 请愿，请愿书 get up a , pierce 刺入，刺穿，穿透 The thorn ,d his heel pile 一堆，一叠 a , of sand pinch 捏，拧，夹 I ,ed myself to make sure I wasn’t dreaming , excuse plausible 论点等貌似有理的 a plead 恳求，请求 His parents ,ed that he should be given one more chance decline 拒绝，谢绝:We sent him an invitation but he declined. decompose 分解，腐烂，腐败:decompose a compound into its elements. dedicate 奉献，把。。。用在(to): The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure. deduce 演绎，推论:From her conversation, I deduced that she had a large family. abrupt 突然的，意外的 an abrupt departure aesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美 an aesthetic theory alarm 惊恐，忧虑 The bandits scattered in alarm. alert 警惕的，留神的 In our reading we should always be alert for new usages. alien 外国的 adjust to an alien culture allege 断言，宣称 The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt. allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给 allocate funds for new projects allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowance apart 成零碎 Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings. deform(使)变形:Heat deforms plastic. linger逗留，徘徊 The children lingered at the zoo until closing time lubricate 使润滑 lubricate the skin with cold cream lump块，小方块 a lump of coal intervene 插入，介入:A week intervenes between Christmas and New Year’s Day intricate 错综复杂的，复杂精细的:A detective story usually has an intricate plot invert 使反向，使倒转，使颠倒:The magician inverted the bag to show it was empty irrespective 不考虑的，不顾的(of) :irrespective of consequences irritate 激怒，使恼怒，使烦躁:be irritated by sb’s insolence violate 违反，违背 , the traffic regulations zeal 热心，热忱，热情 a man of , zigzag之字形的，弯曲的 a , road文 - 汉语汉字 编辑词条 文，wen，从玄从爻。天地万物的信息产生出来的现象、纹路、轨迹，描绘出了阴阳二气在事 物中的运行轨迹和原理。 故文即为符。上古之时，符文一体。 古者伏羲氏之王天下也，始画八卦，造书契，以代结绳(爻)之政，由是文籍生焉。--《尚书 序》 依类象形，故谓之文。其后形声相益，即谓之字。--《说文》序》 仓颉造书，形立谓之文，声具谓之字。--《古今通论》 (1) 象形。甲骨文此字象纹理纵横交错形。"文"是汉字的一个部首。本义:花纹;纹理。 (2) 同本义 [figure;veins] 文，英语念为:text、article等，从字面意思上就可以理解为文章、文字，与古今中外的各个文学著作中出现的各种文字字形密不可分。古有甲骨文、金文、小篆等，今有宋体、楷体等，都在这一方面突出了"文"的重要性。古今中外，人们对于"文"都有自己不同的认知，从大的方面来讲，它可以用于表示一个民族的文化历史，从小的方面来说它可用于用于表示单独的一个"文"字，可用于表示一段话，也可用于人物的姓氏。 折叠编辑本段基本字义 1(事物错综所造成的纹理或形象:灿若,锦。 2.刺画花纹:,身。 3(记录语言的符号:,字。,盲。以,害辞。 4(用文字记下来以及与之有关的:,凭。,艺。,体。,典。,苑。,献(指有历史价值和参考价值的图书资料)。,采(a(文辞、文艺方面的才华;b(错杂艳丽的色彩)。 5(人类劳动成果的总结:,化。,物。 6(自然界的某些现象:天,。水,。 7(旧时指礼节仪式:虚,。繁,缛节(过多的礼节仪式)。 8(文华辞采，与“质”、“情”相对:,质彬彬。 9(温和:,火。,静。,雅。 10(指非军事的:,职。,治武功(指礼乐教化和军事功绩)。 11(指以古汉语为基础的书面语:552,言。,白间杂。 12(专指社会科学:,科。 13(掩饰:,过饰非。 14(量词，指旧时小铜钱:一,不名。 15(姓。 16( 皇帝谥号，经纬天地曰文;道德博闻曰文;慈惠爱民曰文;愍民惠礼曰文;赐民爵位曰 文;勤学好问曰文;博闻多见曰文;忠信接礼曰文;能定典礼曰文;经邦定誉曰文;敏而好学曰文;施而中礼曰文;修德来远曰文;刚柔相济曰文;修治班制曰文;德美才秀曰文;万邦为宪、帝德运广曰文;坚强不暴曰文;徽柔懿恭曰文;圣谟丕显曰文;化成天下曰文;纯穆不已曰文;克嗣徽音曰文;敬直慈惠曰文;与贤同升曰文;绍修圣绪曰文;声教四讫曰文。如汉文帝。 折叠编辑本段字源字形 字源演变与字形比较 折叠编辑本段详细字义 〈名〉 1(右图是 “文”字的甲骨文图片，资料来源:徐无闻主编:《甲金篆隶大字典》，四川辞书出版社。1991年7月第一版。 “文”字的甲骨文字绘画的像一个正面的“大人”，寓意“大象有形”、“象形”;特别放大了胸部，并在胸部画了“心”，含义是“外界客体在心里面的整体影像、整体写真、整体素描、整体速写”。 许慎《说文解字》把“文”解释为“错画也”，意思是“对事物形象进行整体素描，笔画交错，相联相络，不可解构”，这与他说的独体为文、合体为字的话的意思是一致的。“说文解字”这个书名就表示了“文”只能“说”，而“字”则可“解”的意思。“文”是客观事物外在形象的速写，是人类进一步了解事物内在性质的基础，所以它是“字”的父母，“字”是“文”的孩子。“文”生“字”举例(以“哲”为例):先对人手摩画，其文为“手”;又对斧子摩画，其文为“斤”。以手、斤为父母，结合、生子，其子就是“折”(手和斤各代表父母的基因)。这个“折”就是许慎所谓的“字”。“字”从宀从子，“宀”表示“独立的房子”，子在其中，有“自立门户”的意思。故“字”还能与“文”或其他“字”结合，生出新“字”来。在本例，作为字的“折”与作为文的“口”结合，就生出了新的字“哲”。 2( 同本义 [figure;veins] 文，错画也。象交文。今字作纹。——东汉?许慎《说文》 五章以奉五色。——春秋?左丘明《左传?昭公二十五年》。注:“青与赤谓之文，赤与白谓之章，白与黑谓之黼，黑与青谓之黻。” 美于黼黼文章。——《荀子?非相》 茵席雕文。——《韩非子?十过》 织文鸟章，白旆央央。——《诗?小雅?六月》 斑文小鱼。——明? 刘基《诚意伯刘文成公文集》 3(又如:文驾(彩车);文斑(杂色的斑纹);文旆(有文彩的旗帜);文绣(绣有彩色花纹的丝织品;刺花图案);文织(有彩色花纹的丝织品);文鳞(鱼鳞形花纹)。 4(字，文字(“文”，在先秦时期就有文字的意思，“字”，到了秦朝才有此意。分别讲，“文”指独体字;“字”指合体字。笼统地说，都泛指文字。) [character] 饰以篆文。——南朝宋?范晔《后汉书?张衡传》 分文析字。——东汉?班固《汉书?刘歆传》 夫文，止戈为武。——《左传?宣公十二年》 距洞数百步，有碑仆道，其文漫灭。——王安石《游褒禅山记》 文曰“天启壬戌秋日”。——明? 魏学洢《核舟记》 文曰“初平山尺”。 5(又如:甲骨文;金文;汉文;英文;文迹(文字所记载的事迹);文书爻(有关文字、文凭之类的卦象);文异(文字相异);文轨(文字和车轨);文狱(文字狱);文钱(钱。因钱有文字，故称);文状(字据，军令状);文引(通行证;路凭);文定(定婚)。 6(文章(遣造的词句叫做“文”，结构段落叫做 “章”。) [literary composition] 故说诗者不以文害辞。——《孟子?万章上》 好古文。——唐? 韩愈《师说》 属予作文以记之。——宋? 范仲淹《岳阳楼记》 能述以文。——宋? 欧阳修《醉翁亭记》 摘其诗文。——清? 纪昀《阅微草堂笔记》 7(又如:文价(文章的声誉);文魔(书呆子);文会(旧时读书人为了准备应试，在一起写文章、互相观摩的集会);文移(旧时官府文书的代称);文雄(擅长写文章的大作家);文意 (文章的旨趣);文义(文章的义理);文情(文章的词句和情思);本文(所指的这篇文章);作文(写文章;学习练习所写的文章);文魁(文章魁首);文价(文章的声价);文什(文章与诗篇)。 8(美德;文德 [virtue] 圣云继之神，神乃用文治。——杜牧《感怀诗一首》 9(又如:文丈(对才高德韶的老者的敬称);文母(文德之母);文武(文德与武功);文命(文德教命);文惠(文德恩惠);文德(写文章的道德);文薄(谓文德浅薄);文昭(文德昭著)。 10.文才;才华。亦谓有文才，有才华 [literary talent] 而文采不表于后世也。——汉? 司马迁《报任安书》 11(又如:文业(才学);文英(文才出众的人);文采风流(横溢的才华与潇洒的风度);文郎(有才华的青少年);文彦(有文才德行的人);文通残锦(比喻剩下不多的才华)。 12(文献，经典;韵文 [document;classics;verse] 儒以文乱法。——《韩非子?五蠹》 言必遵修旧文而不穿凿。——《说文解字?叙》 13(辞词句。亦指文字记载 [writings;record]。如:文几(旧时书信中开头常用的套语。意为将书信呈献于几前);文倒(文句颠倒);文过其实(文辞浮夸，不切实际);文义(文辞);文辞(言词动听的辞令);文绣(辞藻华丽)。 14(自然界的某些现象 [natural phenomenon] 经纬天地曰文。——《左传?昭公二十八年》 15(又如:天文;地文;水文;文象(日月星辰变化的迹象);文曜(指日月星辰;文星);文昌(星座名)。 16(文治;文事;文职。与“武”相对。 [achievements in culture and education;civilian post] 文能取胜。——《史记?平原君虞卿列传》 文不能取胜。 文武并用。——唐? 魏征《谏太宗十思疏》 精神折冲于千里，文武为宪于万邦。――明《袁可立晋秩兵部右侍郎诰》 17(又如:文臣，文吏(文职官吏);文席(教书先生的几席);文品(文官的品阶);文帅(文职官员出任或兼领统帅);文烈(文治显赫);文员(文职吏员);文阶(文职官阶);文道(文治之道);文业(文事);文僚(文职官吏)。 18(法令条文 [articles of decree] 而刀笔吏专深文巧诋，陷人于罪。——《史记?汲黯列传》 19(又如:文劾(根据律令弹劾);文法吏(通晓法令、执法严峻的官吏);文丈(规矩;制度);文移(官府文书);文牓(布告;文告);文宪(礼法;法制)。 20(文言。古代散文文体之一;别于白话的古汉语书面语 [literary language]。如:半文半白;文语;文白(文言文和白话文)。 21(文教;礼节仪式 [rites] 则修文德。——《论语?季氏》 22(又如:文丈(崇尚礼文仪节);文俗(拘守礼法而安于习俗);文致(指礼乐);文貌(礼文仪节);文绪(文教礼乐之事);文仪(礼节仪式) 23(指表现形式;外表 [form;appearance]。如:文服(表面服从);文榜(告示、布告之类);文诰(诰令) 24(指鼓乐，泛指曲调 [music;tune]。如:文曲(指乐曲);文始(舞乐名) 25(谥号，谥法:勤学好问叫文 [study deligently] 何以谓之文。——《论语》 是以谓之文。 26(姓 〈动〉 1(在肌肤上刺画花纹或图案 [tatto (the skin)] 被发文身。——《礼记?王制》。注:“谓其肌，以丹青涅之。” 文绣有恒。——《礼记?月令》 2(又如:文笔匠(在人身上刺花的艺人);文身断发(古代荆楚、南越一带的习俗。身刺花纹，截短头发，以为可避水中蛟龙的伤害。后常以指落后地区的民俗);文木(刻镂以文采之木) 3(修饰;文饰 [cover up] 身将隐，焉用文之?——《左传?僖公二十三年》 饰邪说，文奸言，以枭乱天下。——《荀子?非十二子》 4(又如:文过饰非;文致(粉饰;掩饰);文冢(埋葬文稿之处) 5(装饰 [decorate] 舍其文轩。——《墨子?公输》 此犹文奸。 文车二驷。——明? 归有光《项脊轩志》 文马四百匹。——《史记?宋世家》 若将比予文木邪。——《庄子?人间世》 6(又如:文巧(文饰巧辩);文竿(以翠羽为饰之竿);文舫(装饰华丽的游艇);文饰(彩饰);文榭(饰以彩画的台榭);文舟，文艘(装饰华丽的船);文剑(装饰华丽的剑);文舆(饰以彩绘的车) 7(撰写文章 [write]。如:文匠(写文章的大家);文祸(因写文章而招来的灾祸);文雄，文杰(指文豪) 〈形〉 1(有文采，华丽。与“质”或“野”相对 [magnificent;gorgeous] 其旨远，其辞文。——《易?系辞下》 晋公子广而俭，文而有礼。——《左传?僖公二十三年》 2(又如:文巧(华丽奇巧);文朴(文华与质朴);文服(华美的衣服);文砌(华美的石阶);文背(不文雅，粗俗);文轩(华美的车子);文质(文华与质朴) 3.柔和，不猛烈 [mild;gentle]。如:文烈(指火候温猛) 4(美，善 [fine;good]。如:文徽(华美);文鸳(即鸳鸯。以其羽毛华美，故称);文衣(华 美的服装) 5(通“紊”。紊乱的 [disordered] 惇宗将礼，称秩元祀，咸秩无文。——《书?洛诰》 天子祭天下名山大川，怀柔百神，咸秩无文。——《汉书?郊祀志上》 王者报功，以次秩之，无有文也。——庆劭《风俗通义?山泽》 〈量〉 1(用于旧时的铜钱。如:一文钱 2(用于计算纺织物 五扶为一首，五首成一文。——《后汉书》