患者病情评估与术前讨论制度

患者病情评估与术前讨论制度 患者病情评估管理制度 为了保证医疗质量，保障患者生命安全，使患者从进院开始就能够得到客观科学的评估，医生能够做出详细科学的治疗，当病情变化的时候能够及时调整修改治疗方法，使患者得到科学有效的治疗，根据卫生部、卫生厅有关文件精神要求，结合我院实际情况，我院医务科制定患者病情评估管理制度: 1、明确规定对患者进行评估工作由注册的职业医师和护士，或者经医院授权的其他岗位的卫生技术人员实施。 2、医院制定患者评估的项目、重点范围、评估标准与内容、时限要求、文件格式、评估操作规范与程序。 3、患者评估的结果需要记录在住院病历中，用于指导对患者的诊疗活动。 4、医院职能部门定期实施检查、考核、和监管患者评估工作，对考核结果定期分析，及时反馈，落实整改，保证医疗质量。 5、医师对接诊的每位患者都应进行病情评估。重点加强手术前、麻醉前、急危重患者的病情评估、危重病人营养评估、住院病人再评估、手术后评估、出院前评估。 6、医师对门诊病人进行评估时要严格掌握住院标准，严格按照患者的病情作为制定下一步治疗的依据，严禁将需住院治疗的病人进行门诊观察治疗。假如门诊医生决定需要住院的患者拒绝入院治疗，医生必须做好必要的知情告知，详细告知患者可能面临的风险，并签署患者的名字或其授权人的名字。 7、病人入院后，主管医师应对病人全面情况进行评估，包括病情轻重、急缓、营养状况等做出正确的评估，做出正确的诊断，参照疾病诊治标准，制定出经济、合理、有效的治疗并告知患者或者其委托人。 8、对病人在入院后发生的特殊情况的，应及时向上级医生请示，再请科主任共同再次评估。必要时可申请会诊，再集体评估。 9、病人在入院经评估后，本院不能治疗或治疗效果不能肯定的，应及时与家属沟通，协商在本院或者转院治疗，并做好必要的知情告知。 10、麻醉科手术室实行患者病情评估制度，对手术科室的病人进行风险判断，要求手术科室在术前小结、术前讨论中予以评估，及时调整诊疗方案。 11、手术前实行患者病情评估，术前主管医师应对病人按照手术风险评估表内容逐项评估。 12、对于急危重症患者实行患者病情评估，根据患者病情变化采取定期评估、随机评估两种形式。及时调整治疗方案。 13、临床医生除了对患者的病情进行正确科学的评估，还应该对患者的心理状况作出正确客观的评估，全面衡量患者的心理状况，对有可能需要作心理辅导的患者进行必要的登记并作记录，随时请心理学科医生给予必要for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 的心理支援。 14、所有的评估结果应告知患者或其病情委托人，病人不能知晓或无法知 晓的，必须告知病人委托的家属或其直系亲属。 15、患者评估的结果需要记录在住院病历中，用于指导对患者的诊疗活动。 for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 麻醉前病情评估制度 根卫生部的患者评估管理制度结合我院实际情况特制定麻醉前病情评估制度: 一、对择期手术病人，麻醉医师在麻醉前必须访视病人，评估病情。访视一般在术前一日进行。对一些病情复杂或新开展的手术则宜在术前数日进行会诊，以便完善麻醉前必要的准备。对急症手术也尽可能在麻醉前进行访视病人。手术当天患方在麻醉科签署各种麻醉相关的签字单。 二、麻醉医师访视病人时应注意仪表端正、衣着整洁、态度和蔼、言行得体。 三、应明确麻醉前访视的目的性。1、根据病人病史、体格检查、实验室检查、特殊检查、病人精神状态、拟施手术等各种资料和情况进行分析和判断以完善术前准备并制定合适的麻醉方案包括术后镇痛方案。2、指导病人配合麻醉回答有关问题解除病人的焦虑和恐惧取得病人的同意和信任。3、根据病人的具体情况就麻醉和手术的风险以及如何配合与手术医师取得共识。 四、访视时进行下列工作:1、仔细全面阅读病历获得对病情、诊断和手术麻醉风险的整体了解。2、了解手术方案和对麻醉的特殊要求必要时应与手 、对麻醉前准备不足者应作必要的调整与补充对准备不当者术医师沟通。3 应予纠正。4、探视病人时应注意:(1)自我介绍:说明来意，鼓励病人提问、提出要求、并热情予以解释。(2)追询某些认为重要而病历上无记载的病史，特别注意手术麻醉史、用药史及过敏史。注意对合并症的用药情况。(3)重复一些重要的体格检查:如心血管系统、呼吸系统、脊柱及肢体活动等。(4)注意观察病人的全身情况和精神状态、判断病情的轻重。(5)考虑需否作进一步的检诊。(6)根据所获资料进行麻醉前评估、分析制定切合实际的麻醉方案。在评估中除注意其ASA分级、重要脏器功能、有无合并症及其严重程度和药物治疗情况、水电解质和酸碱平衡状态等外应评估有无困难气道和椎管内麻醉及神经阻滞的可行性。(7)认真和完整地填写麻醉前访视相关内容见术前访视记录单。5、麻醉前谈话时应注意:(1)除与病人谈话外必要时与病人家属或其委托人谈话。(2)告知麻醉方法和注意事项说明有可能根据情况的变化改变麻醉方法。并交待麻醉前注意事项。(3)说明麻醉可能出现的并发症及危险性对ASA分级在? IV级以上者更应提醒家属重视。(4)病人或病人家属或委托人必须在麻醉知情同意书上签字。(5)询问需否作术后镇痛自费并回答有关问题如同意作术后镇痛病人或家属或委托人需在同意书上签字见麻醉知情同意书。6、对危重、疑难病例应在科内进行术前讨论制定麻醉预案和应急预案。 for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 五、关于手术病人术前必须进行的实验室和特殊检查，最低标准一般应根据病史及体格检查结果来选取必须的项目，需节省时间和费用，减少不必要的浪费。结合我院实际情况作如下的要求:1、必须的检查项目:血常规、心电图、X线胸片、肝功能、肾功能、血糖、电解质、凝血机制、输血前九项。2、其他应特别注意的事项重点。(1)硬膜外麻醉必须是凝血指标正常。脊柱外伤、畸形不宜做硬膜外麻醉。(2)未治疗的高血压、心绞痛、心功能不全等病人或本身有房颤者应作超声心动图的检查，必要时须经心内科的评估和治疗。(3)骨科大于65岁的卧床老年人应作深静脉超声明确有无血栓。(4)大于65岁的老年人作胸腹腔的手术应作肺功能或血气检查肺功能或血气异常须经呼吸内科的评估和治疗。肺大泡或肺脓肿要考虑气胸或使用双腔支气管。(5)小儿有上感时不宜实施择期麻醉或基础麻醉。(6)多发性创伤或在兄弟科室做深静脉穿刺的病人应常规检查有无气胸、血胸、静脉导管是否通畅、有无出血与血栓有特殊情况应请求会诊、保留原管术中需深静脉导管的病人须另选部位穿刺。(7)颈部巨大包块的病人须有气道是否被压的CT片。小颌畸形、颈短粗、喉结高、头后仰受限、张口受限、气道肿瘤或受伤或狭窄等术前因做好困难气道的准备。(8)低蛋白血症、严重贫血、水电解质紊乱术前应适当纠正。(9)既往服用抗凝药的病人要注意凝血指标并按有关要求处理对既往不规则服用抗凝药的病人换瓣、冠脉支架应作超声心动图和凝血指标检查。(10)放置冠脉支架的患者要了解放置时间与类型。11)安装心脏起博器的病人要了解起博器功能与类型。(12)长骨骨折或关节置换病人要告之脂肪栓塞风险。(13)合并多脏器馕性变的病人要警惕脑血管畸形或颅内动脉瘤。(14)有争议的手术。 for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 手术患者术前讨论制度 1、根据手术分级制度规定，二级以上手术均应开展手术术前讨论并书写术前讨论记录。 2、每周2、5为全科术前讨论时间。术前讨论由科主任或主(副主)任医师主持，对将要进行的二级以上手术、有严重并发症的手术、疑难手术进行讨论。 3、除提交全科讨论的手术外，其他手术应在各病区或小组进行，由小组主治医师主持。 4、术前讨论前填写术前讨论单，由术者签字。 5、术前讨论时经治医师应做到对术前讨论患者准备必要、充足的材料，包括化验、造影、影像资料等。有重点的介绍病情，并提出自己或专业小组的诊断及治疗方案。必要时检索有关资料。 6、术前讨论的内容包括:诊断、患者术前评估、手术风险评估、手术适应症、拟实行的手术方式、术中术后并发症、意外以及防范处理预案、术前准备、麻醉方式及明确是否需要分次完成手术等。 7、各级医师充分发言，提出自己的和见解。 8、科主任最后指导、完善制定出的治疗方案。首次讨论难以确定合适的治疗方案者应进行多次讨论。 9、各级医师必须遵守、落实科主任制定的诊疗方案。并将讨论结果记录于记录本及病历中。 10、术前谈话和签署《手术同意书》依照《病历书写基本规范》要求进行。 11、择期手术应在术前?1天由各病区经治医师填写手术通知单并送交手术室统一安排手术。手术通知单由专业组主治医师或科主任签署。 for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet