短期内提高英语四级作文

短期内提高英语四级作文 短期内有效提高大学英语四级作文水平 自2006 年6 月份起，按照《大学英语课程教学要求》修订版考 试大纲，大学英语四级(简称四级)考试由原来的100 分制改为710 分 制，考主要由听力理解、阅读理解、完型填空、写作和5 个部分 组成。其中听力理解部分分值比例为35%，阅读理解为35%，完型填空 为10%，写作部分为15%，翻译部分为5%。从各项所占分值比例来看， 阅读理解和听力理解的分值几乎占到了整个试卷分值的一大半，因此想 要在这2 项中取得较好的成绩，需要学生平时进行大量的积累与练习， 练好扎实的基本功。写作部分所占分值仅次于听力理解和阅读理解部 分，且近年来的写作考试模式基本保持稳定。和阅读理解与听力理解部 分相比，写作部分可以在短期内有较大的提升空间。那么，在考试即将 到来之际，怎样才能在较短的时间内，有效地提高写作考试成绩呢, 1 关于四级考试作文的错误观点 首先，笔者想纠正少部分考生的错误观点。这部分考生将语文作文 与英语应试作文的概念相混淆。语文作文讲究文章的布局，语言的优美 和情感的真挚。而四级考试作文则主要看内容、结构和语言3 个方面。 内容做到不跑题即可，考生不要试图以情动人，也不要试图在构思上出 奇制胜。四级考试作文有其固有的“八股文结构”:一般是采用总-分-总 的格式，即先写主题句(topic sentence)，再写分论点(supporting ideas)， 最后写总结句(conclusion)。 2 基础级作文 2.1 学生例文 大部分学生还是能够基本做到以上几点的。但是由于句型简单，句 式单一，词汇匮乏以及语法错误等，使得四级考试作文成绩普遍处于及 格线以下或者刚好达到及格线。那么，怎样“临时抱佛脚”才能有效地提 高作文分数呢,先看下面一篇作文。 Recently, with the development of city, more and more trees disappeared. We have tried our best to prevent people cut trees. But, it is important to make our cities green. There are many advantages of trees. First, it makes our air clean. Sientific research proved that trees can reduce poisonous in the air. Second, it makes our city more beautiful. There are trees and flowers everywhere. There is a pleasant feeling that we live in a beautiful garden and we are closer to nature. Finally, it will bring us a lot of wood and this is a efficient way to solve the problem of lack of nature resources. We all need to work hard to make cities greener. People should realize that it is important to make cities greener because its contribution to environment, and they should also realize that plant trees protect us from being used in business. 2.2 问题 这篇文章大致看来符合我们所倡导的三段式的写作模式。 但是如果仔细阅读，就会发现有不少问题。下面进行分析。 (1)词组的搭配。“prevent somebody from doing something”意为“阻 止某人干某事”, 所以“We have tried our best to preventpeople cut trees.”一 句改成“We have tried our best to preventpeople from cutting trees.”更为妥 当。 (2)单词拼写及准确性。“sientific”应为“scientific”;“efficient”意思 是“效率高的”，文中的意思应该是“有效的”，应使用“effective”。 (3) 动词时态。全文时态应保持一致，使用现在完成时，所以“more and more trees disappeared”应改为“more and moretrees have disappeared”。 (4)名词单复数。可数名词一般不会单独出现，前面加the 示 特指，或者改为复数形式。学生例文中的“with the developmentof city” 应改为“with the development of cities”。 (5)连词的使用。“but”前后并没有明显的转折关系，这句话可以 改为“We have tried our best to prevent people from cuttingtrees, but, it is also important to make people realize the importanceof making our cities green.” 3 初步修改后的作文 根据以上几点，我们可以把这篇文章进行如下修改。 Recently, with the development of cities, more and more trees have disappeared in big cities. We have tried our best to prevent people from cutting trees, but, it is also important to make people realize the importance of making our cities green. There are many advantages in making cities greener. First, itmakes our air clean. Scientific research has proved that trees can reduce a great amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through absorption. Second, it adds to the beauty of our cities.With trees and flowers everywhere, there is a pleasant feeling that we live in a beautiful garden and are closer to nature. Finally, it will bring us a lot of timber and this is an effective way to solve the problem of lack of natural resources. Making cities greener requires people's efforts all over the country and people should not only realize that it is important to make cities greener for its contribution to urban environment, but also realize that planting trees protect them from being used in business. 4 如何在此基础上提高 这篇文章内容切题，语句通顺，无明显语法错误，段式正确，获得 一个基本分是可以的。但是怎样在确保基础分的基础上再加以提高呢, 下面介绍几种使文章富有表现力的方法。 (1)使用中高难度词汇。在使用时不可因为刻意追求高难度词汇 而牺牲用词的准确性及语法的正确性。比如“重要的”，大多数学生首先 会想到“important”这个单词，那么提升一下的话，就可以联想到它的如 下同义词:significant, vital, main, crucial,momentous etc，或者还可以改 成文章中的“Sth is of greatimportance”这种形式。 (2)使用修饰语。可用形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词或整个句 子，而且相对来说，修饰语在句中的位置比较灵活。 (3)使用被动语态。使用被动语态可以有效地使句子变得简洁， 并且省略可能在文中多次出现的主语。例如:Some measuresshould be taken to deal with the problem. He is said to haveaccomplished a lot of great deeds. Many people believe that…(Itis believed that…) (4)使用倒装句。常用的倒装形式有以下几种。Only + 时间状语: Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminatingcheating at all levels can we expect to have a cleanersociety and a more beautiful future. Only + 介词词组:Only by planning his time carefully can heimprove efficiency and make achievements. Only in this way canwe master the writing skills step by step. 否定词位于句首(hardly when; never; not only...but also...;seldom): Seldom in my life have I met such a kind-hearted man. (5)使用从句。主语从句:It is common knowledge that honestyis the best policy.相关句型还有:It is well-known that...;It isself-evident/ conceivable / obvious / apparent that...;It goes withoutsaying that...;It is universally acknowledged that…宾(表)语从句:We cannot understand why he was so cruel tohis roommates. The problem is not who will go, but who will stay.定语从句(限定性和非限定性) 的主要句型如下:As isshown/ demonstrated/ illustrated/ depicted/ described...in the cartoon/picture/ graph/ table... 例如:There are many reasons why Iwant to study in your university. It is estimated that tens of billionsof pounds spent on cigarettes every year in our country,which is a huge waste. 状语从句(时间，原因，地点，条件，让步，转折等):When theman is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster (怪物)which will devour him. Whatever the reason, there are stillsome problems with student use of computers. (6)使用插入语。插入语的作用主要有2 个，第一个作用是补充 说明，比如说:He, who would like to play basketball, is agood student. 第 二个作用是强调，比如说:People, especially students,should work hard. (7)分词短语做定语或状语。如:Prof. Kang came to our university,giving us a lecture on how to acquire English better. (8) 设问句。如:Do you still remember the boy who cried wolffor several times so that one would trust him? (9)修辞。如:The bicycle is like the air, water, and sunshine and cannot be parted with a moment in our life. 5 修改后的高分作文 利用上述9 种方法，我们可以将这篇获得基本分的作文润色成一篇 高分作文。 In contemporary society, while our industries and businesses have experienced a rapid development, the number of trees in many large cities has declined dramatically. Although remarkable efforts have been exerted to prevent more trees from being cut, the realization of making cities greener is still of great importance. What benefits can the program of making cities greener bring to us? First, the air will be cleaner. Scientific experiments have already proved that trees can reduce air pollution by producing alot of oxygen, which will improve the quality of the urban environment. Besides, our cities will look more beautiful with trees and flowers. What's more, by making cities greener, we can provide our industry with timber which is a precious natural resource. Making cities greener requires the whole nation's efforts. Not only should people gain the awareness of making cities greener, but also the commitment to the environmental protection. 总之，英语作文是一个将所学英语知识表达输出的过程，需要 学生平时加以积累，包括课后进行大量的写作翻译练习和范文背诵 等，只有多练多用，才能真正实现学以致用，提高英语写作水平。