中医基础理论试题

中医基础理论试题 一、 判断题(答题说明:判断每题的正确性，在题干后的括号内画 “?”或“×”) 1、人体是一个有机整体只体现于五脏一体观。(× ) 2、证候是病机的外在反映;病机是证候的内在本质。(? ) 3、中医在认识疾病的过程中，首先着眼于整体。( ? ) 4、四季阴阳属性中春天属阴中之阳，秋天属阳中之阴。( ? ) 5、脏腑的阴阳属性中五脏为阳，六腑为阴。( × ) 6、一般来说五脏在病理上“脏病多虚”故治疗上“五脏宜补”。( ? ) 7、肺为华盖，肺为娇脏，肺气宣降。( ? ) 8、脾与肾的关系主要表现在水液代谢和先天后天相互资生。( ? ) 9、人身之“三宝”是精、气、神。( ? ) 10、《灵枢?营卫生会》将上焦的功能概括为“上焦如渎”。( × ) 11、《素问?上古天真论》说:“二七而天癸至，任脉通，大冲脉盛， 月事以时下，故有子。„„”( ? ) 12、泌别清浊是小肠的生理功能。( ? ) 13、痰的生成与贮存与肺脏和脾脏有关。( ? ) 14、由父母遗传的生命物质，称之为后天之精。(× ) 15、称为“一源三岐”的奇经是冲脉、任脉、督脉。( ? ) 二、单项选择题(答题说明:请从每题的5个备选答案中选出1个最佳答案,填在题干后的括号内) 1. 奠定中医学理论基础的经典著作是( )A A.《黄帝内经》 B.《难经》 C.《伤寒杂病论》 D.《神农本草经》 attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability 2.下列属于阴的属性是( )D A.向上的 B.温暖的 C.无形的 D.下降的 3.以昼夜分阴阳,前半夜为( )D A.阴中之阳 B.阳中之阴 C.阳中之阳 D.阴中之阴 4.脏腑之中,被称为“孤府”的是( )C A.胆 B.胃 C.三焦 D.脾 5.五脏与五窍的关系密切,其中肾开窍于( )B A.鼻 B.耳 C.口 D.舌 6.下列属于母子关系的是( )D A.木与土 B.火与金 C.水与土 D.水与金 7.“益火之源,以消阴翳”，是根据阴阳之间何种关系提出的治法( )B A.阴阳交感 B.对立制约 C.互根互用 D.相互转化 8.“木火刑金”在五行学说中属于( )B A.相乘 B.相侮 C.相生 D.子病及母 9.以下治法中,哪一项以五行相克规律为依据( )C A.益火补土法 B.培土生金法 C.泻南补北法 D.金水相生法 10.“水火既济”是指( )A A.心肾关系 B.心脾关系 C.肝肾关系 D.脾肾关系 11.十二经脉之中,循行于腹面的经脉,自内(腹中线)向外的顺序是下列中的哪一项( )A A.足少阴、足阳明、足太阴、足厥阴 et full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stabilityse, land boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impul ther with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravelyoff society toge-m does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a welltors ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reforindicaof more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many ould be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth ort shhe Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effal attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is toff society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay speci-X development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a wellg social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal Xivelihood, more focus on maintaininattention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's l2 B.足阳明、足太阴、足厥阴、足少阴 C.足太阴、足阳明、足少阴、足厥阴 D.足少阴、足阳明、足厥阴、足太阴 12.临床出现自汗、多尿、出血、遗精等症,是气的哪一种功能减 退的表现( )C A.推动作用 B.温煦作用 C.固摄作用 D.防御作用 13.下列不属于络脉的是哪一项( )D A.十五别络 B.孙络 C.浮络 D.皮部 14.与防止出血密切相关的两脏是( )B A.心与肝 B.肝与脾 D.心与脾 D.肝与肾 15.治疗血瘀时配用补气药,其理论依据是( )B A.气能生血 B.气能行血 C.气能摄血 D.血能载气 16.下列具有表里关系的经脉是( )B A.手太阴与手太阳经 B.足厥阴与足少阳经 C.督脉与任脉 D.阴跷脉与阳跷脉 17.致病有明显季节性的病邪是( )A A.暑邪 B.燥邪 C.风邪 D.寒邪 18.以下属于阴中之阳的是( )C A.心 B.脾 C.肝 D.肾 19.“罢极之本”是指( )A A.肝 B.肾 C.脾 D.胆 20.五脏中与全身气机升降调节关系密切的是( )A ple across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly ioff society together with peo-apt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a welln the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adnked i15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators rato this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than made have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, weoff society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention -and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well ony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX developmentivelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmattention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's lto all sources of wealth creation. Should always stabilityplay nto, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full3 A.肝与肺 B.心与肺 C.心与肾 D.肾与肺 21.具有“贯心脉行血气”功能的是( )C A.元气 B.心气 C.宗气 D.卫气 22.“吐下之余,定无完气”的理论基础是( )D A.气能生津 B.气能行津 C.气能摄津 D.津能载气 23.内脏下垂的主要病机是( )C A.肺气虚 B.胃气虚 C.脾气虚 D.肾气虚 24.经络系统中,具有加强十二经脉在体表联系的是( )D A.正经 B.经别 C.经筋 D.别络 25.手少阴心经与手太阳小肠经的交接部位是( )D A.拇指端 B.食指端 C.中指端 D.小指端 26.平素畏热喜凉、好动易躁,易感暑热邪气的体质类型属于( )B A.偏阴质 B.偏阳质 C.气虚质 D.阴阳平和质 27.下列哪些不是六淫的共同致病特点是( )C A.外感性 B.季节性 C.个体性 D.相兼性 28.以下哪一项是错误的( )B A.怒则气上 B.思则气缓 C.悲则气消 D.惊则气乱 29.疾病发生的内在依据是( )A A.正气不足 B.邪气侵袭 C.正邪相争 D.气候异常 30.真寒假热证的病机是( )C A.阴损及阳 B.阳损及阴 C.阴盛格阳 D.阳盛格阴 31.胆属于( )D et full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stabilityse, land boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impul ther with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravelyoff society toge-m does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a welltors ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reforindicaof more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many ould be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth ort shhe Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effal attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is toff society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay speci-X development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a wellg social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal Xivelihood, more focus on maintaininattention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's l4 A. 既是腑,又是奇恒之腑 B. 既是脏,又是奇恒之腑 C.奇恒之腑 D. 腑 32.十二经脉中,同名的手阳经和足阳经交接于( )D A.手指末端 B.胸中 C.足趾 D.头面部 33.风邪多挟寒挟热,反映了六淫的哪一种致病特点( )B A.外感性 B.相兼性 C.地区性 D.季节性 34.下列哪一种病邪致病,可表现为周身困重,四肢倦怠( )C A.寒邪 B.暑邪 C.湿邪 D.瘀血 35.人体各种病变的最基本病机是( )C A.邪正盛衰 B.气血失常 C.阴阳失调 D.津液代谢失常 36.容易导致疼痛的邪气是( )B A.风邪 B.寒邪 C.湿邪 D.燥邪 37.导致气机郁结的情志剌激因素是( )C A.喜 B.怒 C.思 D.恐 38.内湿的产生与下列何脏关系最密切( )B A.肝 B.脾 C.肺 D.肾 39.阴阳偏衰以下列哪脏为根本( )B A.脾 B.肾 C.肝 D.心 40.中医治病主要着眼于辨析( )B A.疾病 B.证候 C.体征 D.症状 E.体质 41.气的上升不及或下降太过,可出现( )C A.气滞 B.气逆 C.气陷 D.气闭 to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stabilityplay nto, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let fullple across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly ioff society together with peo-apt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a welln the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adnked i15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators rato this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than made have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, weoff society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention -and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well ony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX developmentivelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmattention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's l5 42.下列属损坏血所致病证之特征的是( )C A.胁肋胀痛 B.肿块时聚时散 C.疼痛如针刺 D. 舌淡苔滑 43.加味补气药用于治疗血虚证的理论依据是( )A A.气能生血 B. 血能载气 C.气能行血 E.气能摄血 44.《素问?宣明五气篇》谓“久立”则伤( )B A.筋 B.骨 C.肉 D.血 45.“怪病多痰”说明了痰饮的哪种致病特点( )B A.阻滞气机,阻碍气血 B.致病广泛,变化多端 C.病势缠绵,病程较长 D.易扰乱神明 46.疾病的发展与转归,取决于( )D A.体质的强弱 B.疾病的虚实 C.邪气的性质 D.邪正的盛衰 47.“决渎之官”是( )A A.三焦 B.膀胱 C.腠理 D.小肠 48.导致病证寒化或热化的原因主要是( )C A.精神状态 B.体质因素 C.感邪性质 D地理环境 49.“同病异治,异病同治”的实质是( )B A.病因的异同 B.病机的异同 C.疾病的异同 D.患者素质的异同 50.正虚邪实不耐攻伐时,应采取的治疗措施是( )C A.扶正为主 B.祛邪为主 C.先扶正后祛邪 D.先祛邪后扶正 三、填空 se, land boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impul ther with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravelyoff society toge-m does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a welltors ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reforindicaof more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many ould be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth ort shhe Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effal attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is toff society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay speci-X development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a wellg social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal Xivelihood, more focus on maintaininattention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability6 1.中医学的基本特点是(整体观念 )、( 辨证论治 )。 2.按五行的母子相及包括 (母病及子 )与(子病及母 )。 3.肝的主要生理功能包括( 主疏泄 )与(主藏血)两个方面。(注:无“主”也可) 4.六腑的共同的生理特点是(传化物而不藏 )和( 实而不能满 )。 5.血运失常包括( 血瘀 )与( 出血 )两个方面。 6、五脏是( 心)( 肝 )(脾 )(肺)(肾 )。 7.气随津脱的生理基础是( 津能载气 ),大失血急用补气药的理论依据是( 气能生血)。 8.宗气积聚于(胸中),故称此处为(气海或膻中注:答出一个即可)。 9.脾在窍为(口),与之通应的季节是(长夏注:只答“夏”是错误的。)。 10.称为血海的经脉是(冲脉 )。 称为阳脉之海的经脉是(督脉)。 11. ( 发)为血之余; ( 爪 )为筋之余。 12.燥邪的性质和致病特征包括(燥性干涩)与(燥易伤肺 )。注:答出“性干涩，易伤肺”也得分。 13.饮食失宜包括饮食不节、(饮食不洁 )与(饮食偏嗜)三个方面。 14.治未病包括(未病先防)与(既病防变 )两个方面。 15.三因制宜的内容包括(因时制宜 )、(因地制宜)、(因人制宜)。 16.(胃)为水谷之海;(胆 )为“中正之官”。 17、脾与胃的关系表现在(纳运相成)(升降相因)和(燥湿相济)。 19、奇恒之府是(脑)(髓)(骨)(脉)(胆)(女子胞 )。 20、六淫是(风 )( 寒)(暑 )( 湿)( 燥)( 火或热)。 四、 名词术语解释 to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stabilityplay nto, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let fullple across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly ioff society together with peo-apt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a welln the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adnked i15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators rato this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than made have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, weoff society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention -and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well ony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX developmentivelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmattention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's l7 1五行相生与相克 五行相生,是指五行之间存在的有序的递相滋生、助长、促进的关系(1分);相生的规律为:木生火,火生土,土生金,金生水,水生木,依次相生(1分)。五行相克,是指五行之间存在的有序的递相克制、制约的关系(1分);相克的规律为:木克土,土克水,水克火,火克金,金克木,依次相克(1分)。 2奇经八脉 奇经八脉，是督、任、冲、带、阴跷、阳跷、阴维、阳维脉的统称。它们的分布没有十二经脉那样规则，与脏腑没有直接的属络关系，彼此之间也没有表里关系，与十二经脉不同，故称奇经。 3 体质 体质,是指人类个体在生命过程中,由遗传性与获得性因素所决定的表现在形态结构、生理功能与心理特征等方面综合的相对稳定的特性。 4 内生“五邪" 内生“五邪”指在疾病过程中，机体自身由于脏腑功能异常而导致化风、化火、化寒、化燥、化湿的病理变化。因病起于内，又与风、寒、湿、燥、火外邪所致病证的临床征象类似，故分别称为“内风”“内寒”“内湿”“内燥”“内火”，统称为内生“五邪”。 5七情 七情是指喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊七种正常的情志活动，是人体脏腑生理和精神活动对内外环境变化产生的情志反应，一般 et full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stabilityse, land boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impul ther with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravelyoff society toge-m does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a welltors ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reforindicaof more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many ould be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth ort shhe Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effal attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is toff society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay speci-X development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a wellg social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal Xivelihood, more focus on maintaininattention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's l8 不会导致或诱发疾病。 6佐金平木 佐金平木,是滋肺阴、清肝火以治疗肝火犯肺病证的一种治疗,又称滋肺清肝法。适用于肝火犯肺证。 7心肾相交 心肾相交,又称"水火既济"。心在五行属火,肾在五行属水。心位居于上,肾位居于下。理论上认为心火必须下降于肾,肾水必须上济于心,这样,心肾之间的生理功能才能协调。心肾之间这种关系,称为"心肾相交"。 8 天癸 天癸是肾精肾气充盈到一定程度在体内出现的一种精微物质，有促进生殖器官发育成熟、女子月经来潮及排卵、男子精气溢泻，因而具备生殖能力的作用。 9三因学说 是宋代陈言的病因分类学说，即将病因分为三类:外因，即外感六淫;内因，即情志内伤;饮食不节，劳逸失度等，为不内外因。 10 气脱 气脱指气虚至极，不能内守而大量脱失，以致生命功能突然衰竭的一种病理状态。 五、简答题 1 试述阴阳偏衰的病机特点及其相应的治法 ?阳偏衰,是指机体阳气虚损、机能减退或衰弱、代谢减缓、产热不 to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stabilityplay nto, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let fullple across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly ioff society together with peo-apt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a welln the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adnked i15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators rato this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than made have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, weoff society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention -and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well ony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX developmentivelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmattention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's l9 足的病理状态。其病机特点多表现为机体阳气不足,阳不制阴,阴气相对偏盛的虚寒证。既有面色恍白、畏寒肢冷、脘腹冷痛、舌淡、脉迟等寒象,又见喜静蜷卧、小便清长、下利清谷、脉微细等虚象(2分)。治当补其偏衰,补阳消阴,即所谓“阴病治阳”(1分)。 ?阴偏衰,是指机体阴气不足,阴不制阳,导致阳气相对偏盛、机能虚性亢奋、产热相对增多的病理状态。其病机特点多表现为阴气不足,阳气相对偏盛的虚热证。临床常见五心烦热、骨蒸潮热、面红升火、消瘦、盗汗、咽干口燥、舌红少苔、脉细数等症(2分)。治当补其偏衰,补阴制阳,即所谓“阳病治阴”(1分)。 2 简述五行的特性 “木曰曲直”“火曰炎上”“土爰稼穑”“金曰从革”“水曰润下”。也可解释说明。 3 简述湿邪的性质和致病特征。 湿邪的性质与致病特征是:?湿为阴邪,易阻遏气机,损伤阳气。湿性类水,故为阴邪;湿邪袭人易阻滞气机,损伤脾阳(1分)。?湿性重浊。湿邪致病的症状有沉重、秽浊不清等特征(1分)。?湿性粘滞。湿邪致病具有症状上粘腻不爽,病程上缠绵难愈的特征(1分)。?湿性趋下,易袭阴位。湿邪致病多引起下股及下焦部位病变(1分) 4 何谓同病异治与异病同治，结合临床举例。 同病异治，指同一种病，由于发病的时间、地域不同，或所处的疾病的阶段或类型不同，或病人的体质有异，故反映出的证候不同，因而治疗也就有异。 et full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stabilityse, land boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impul ther with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravelyoff society toge-m does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a welltors ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reforindicaof more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many ould be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth ort shhe Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effal attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is toff society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay speci-X development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a wellg social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal Xivelihood, more focus on maintaininattention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's l10 异病同治，指几种不同的疾病，在其发展变化的过程中出现了大致相同的病机，大致相同的证，故可用大致相同的治法和方药来治疗。 5 简述正气与邪气的概念及其在发病中的作用。 正气,是一身之气相对邪气时的称谓,是指人体内具有抗病、法邪、调节、修复等作用的一类细微物质(1分)。邪气,泛指各种致病因素(1分)。正气和邪气是疾病发生的重要因素,其中,正气不足是疾病发生的内在因素,邪气是发病的重要条件(1分)。正气在发病中的作用体现在:正虚感邪而发病;正虚生邪而发病;正气的强弱可决定发病的证候性质(1分)。邪气在发病中的作用体现在:邪气是导致发病的原因;影响发病的性质、类型和特点;影响病情和病位;某些情况下在发病中起主导作用(1分)。 nto, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let fullple across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly ioff society together with peo-apt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a welln the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adnked i15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators rato this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than made have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, weoff society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention -and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well ony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX developmentivelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmattention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's lto all sources of wealth creation. Should always stabilityplay 11