英语4.6级

英语4.6级 汉译英专项练习 一、倍数增减的表示法 5 1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍). is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 (考点:倍数 + 形容词/副词比较级 + than) 2) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍). reacts three times as fast as the other one (考点:倍数 + as + 形容词/副词 + as) 3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍). is 49 times the size of the moon (考点:倍数 + 名词) 4) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). wants to raise the rent by a third (考点:动词 + by + 数词/百分比/倍数) 5) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍). plan to double their investment (考点:double + 名词) 二、时态 6 1) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church (考点:将来完成时) 2) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). the children had fallen asleep (考点:过去完成时) 3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假). my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside (考点:将来进行时) 4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历). have been revising my resume all the morning (考点:现在完成进行时) 5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了). No. It has been five years since I went on holiday (考点:It has been … since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了) 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了). He has been in the army for 5 years (考点:1. 现在完成时;2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间) 三、被动语态 5 1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代). is being replaced by the computer and the projector (考点:被动语态的现在进行时) 2) The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版). will have been published by the end of this year (考点:被动语态的将来完成时), 3) Computer models _______________(可以用来演示细胞工作的方式). can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work (考点:1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态) 4) When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我惊呆了，价格大大超出了我的预料). I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated (考点:同“3”的考点2) 5) _______________(必须立即采取有效)to eliminate sandy storms. Effective measures must be taken immediately (考点:汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态) 四、情态动词 5 1) The phone is ringing, _______________(但是没人接听。她一定不在家). but there is no answer. She can’t be at home (考点:情态动词可以表示可能性，can’t 表示“一定不”) 2) I can’t find my sunglasses. _______________(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了). I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday (考点:“情态动词can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示对过去发生的动作的主观判断) 3) You screamed in your sleep last night. _______________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了). You must have dreamed of something terrible (考点:同上) 4) It’s a pity. _______________(你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的). You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony (考点:“情态动词should/ought to + have done” 用于评论过去应该做而实际并未做的动作，含有批评的意思) 5) _______________(其实我没必要穿上我最好的套装去参加那次聚会的); most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters. I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party (考点:“情态动词needn’t + have + done”表示对过去发生的动作进行评论，认为“无须发生”，“不必做”) 五、虚拟语气 22 1) I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会). I had had your opportunities when I was young (考点:I wish后的that从句中用过去完成式表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望) 2) If only _______________(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself. he had known this disease is curable (考点:If only 引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是……就好了”，用法与 I wish…基本相同) 3) —— Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars? —— I’d rather he _______________(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰). painted it blue, and without any decorations (考点:would rather 后的that从句中用过去式表示不是事实) 4) It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题). measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams, (考点:It’s (about/high) time 后的that从句中用过去式，表示“该是……的时候了”) 5) Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的). as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly, (考点:as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑), 6) We insist that _______________(让杰克立刻进医院). Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now, (考点:表示“建议、命令、、想法”的动词所接的宾语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式) 7) It was advised that _______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店). more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area (考点:表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的主语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式) 8) His proposal was that _______________(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题). they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem (考点:表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的表语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式) 9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试). the mid-term exams (should) be canceled, (考点:表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的同位语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式) 10) It is ridiculous that _______________(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水). we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always, raining (考点:在It is/was +形容词后的that从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议惊 奇等。, 这类形容词常见的有:advisable, anxious, desirable, essential, important,, impossible, improper, necessary, proper, urgent, vital, ) 11) It is essential that _______________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备). everyone (should) be prepared for emergency (考点:同上), 12) _______________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey. If he had booked tickets in the way I told him, (考点:在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反) 13) I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的话打断了). if I had not been interrupted (考点:同上) 14) It didn’t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就会湿的). If it had rained, the ground would be, wet(考点:在非真实条件句中，当主句与从 句表示的动作不是同时发生时，就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式) 15) _______________(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now. If I had been living in New York(考点:同上), 16) If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他现在就不在人间了). he would be dead now(考点:同上), 17) But for his help, _______________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了). (考点:but, we could not have rent a house at such a low price, for经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语) 18) I used my calculator; _______________(否则，我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题). otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question (考点:otherwise也经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语) 19) Were I in your place, _______________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会). I would seize the opportunity without hesitation (考点:在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用主谓语倒装的形式来表示条件) 20) Had it not been for their opposition, _______________(这项法案早就通过了). this act would have been passed much earlier(考点:同上) 21) Should there be another world war, _______________(人类的继续存在就会有危险). the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy(考点:同上) 22) He walked lightly _______________(以免惊醒婴儿). lest he should awaken the baby (考点:lest (以免)引导的从句通常用sb. should do的形式表示虚拟) 六、不定式 10 1) It was a great achievement _______________(10个月建成一栋24层的楼). to complete a 24-story building in 10 months (考点:不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语放在句首代替不定式，而将不定式移到谓语后面) 2) It is necessary _______________(我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉). for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test (考点:有时用“介词for + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是事情， 这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有:necessary, important, possible, impossible, all ri ght,, essential等) 3) It is generous _______________(你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民). of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area, (考点:有时用“介词of + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是人， 常用的形容词有:bold, brave, careful, careless, cruel, foolish, generous,, honest, kind, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong) 4) The teacher decided _______________(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生). not to punish those students who had been late for class (考点:1. 用不定式结构作decide的宾语;2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not) 能带不定式作宾语的动词常见的有:afford, attempt, beg, decide, forget, intend, ma nage,, mean, offer, prefer, promise, ) 5) Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法国的儿子). (考点:“疑问词+不定式”作动词wonder的宾语。, whether to visit their son in Fran ce, 6) The gardener _______________(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水). warned me just now not to water flowers at noon(考点:不定式作宾语补语) 7) We _______________(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座). (考点:同上),invited him to give us a lecture on modern art 8) He feels it challenging _______________(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席). to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university (考点:动词 + it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式。it是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语) 9) We hope to have more opportunities ____________(把我们在课堂上学到的东西应用于实践). to apply what we have learned in class to practice(考点:不定式作定语), 10) The bad weather _______________(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划). ruined our plan to show the film in the open air (考点:同上) 七、分词 9 1) This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”). “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian(考点:分词作宾语补语) 2) The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed. parked in the fire lane(考点:分词作定语) 3) The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命). killing thousands upon thousands of people(考点:分词作结果状语) 4) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(将平均产量提高了15%). raising the average yield by 15 percent (考点:同上) 5) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推导出它的运转原理). trying to deduce its operating principle(考点:分词作伴随状语) 6) _______________(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began t o study. Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book(考点:分词作原因状语) 7) _______________(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his educ ation. Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds(考点:同上) 8) _______________(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man. Seen from the eyes of a young friend(考点:分词作方式状语), 9) _______________(好久没有收到父母的来信了), he was worried about them. Not having heard from his parents for a long time (考点:1. 分词作原因状语;2.分词的否定形式;3.现在分词的完成式), 八、动名词 6 1) _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good. Taking a cold bath every day(考点:动名词作主语) 2) They tried to avoid _______________(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情). making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do (考点:动名词作动词的宾语) 3) Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我们的产品进入国际市场). getting our goods into the international market(考点:动名词作介词的宾语) 4) It is no use _______________(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣). crying over spilled milk 考点:动名词用于固定结构。 5) He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的试卷). having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper(考点:动名词的完成式) 6) We congratulated her on _______________(被提升为经理). being promoted to manager(考点:动名词的被动式) 九、非谓语动词用法区别 10 1) Success means _______________(非常努力地工作). working very hard. (考点:mean表示“意味着”) 2) John meant _______________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障). to drive there, but his car broke down (考点:mean表示“打算”) 3) I heard him _______________(在跟他的母亲谈话). talking to his mother (考点:强调正在进行) 4) I heard him _______________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时). talk to his mother for an hour (考点:强调整个过程) 5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(结果却摔断了自己的腿). only to break his own leg (考点:意料之外的结果) 6) He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔断了双腿). breaking his legs(考点:意料之中的结果), 7) He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康). to see his parents in good health (考点:不定式作原因状语位于句末) 8) _______________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief. Seeing his parents safe and sound(考点:分词作原因状语位于句首), 9) _______________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda. Following its footprints(考点:现在分词强调主动) 10) The pop, _______________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans. followed by two body guards(考点:过去分词强调被动) 十、名词从句 11 1) _______________(他们为什么离开家乡去云南) is still a secret. Why they left their hometown for Yunnan(考点:主语从句) 2) _______________(最让我不解的) was that he spoke English so well. What confused me most(考点:同上) 3) _______________(这么做是故意的) became obvious. That this was done on purpose, (考点:同上) 4) It is not clear yet _______________(谁应该为这件事负责)., who should be responsible for this matter, (考点:较长的主语从句可以后置，用it作形式主语) 5) It is none of your business _______________(玛丽与谁订婚)., whom Mary is engaged to(考点:同上) 6) Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事)., what can be done today, (考点:宾语从句) 7) This novel is just _______________(我一直在寻找的)., what I have been looking for (考点:表语从句) 8) It is not yet known _______________(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力). whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision (考点:whether/if引导后置的主语从句) 9) _______________(她是否喜欢那个礼物) is not clear to me., Whether she likes the present (考点:whether引导前置的主语从句) 10) Finally, the workers got an answer, _______________(政府做不了什么事来提高他们工资). that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages (考点:同位语从句) 11) Obviously, there was little certainty, _______________(主席会同意他的提议). that the chairman would agree to this proposal (考点:同上) 十一、定语从句 4 1) Everyday many tourists come to visit _______________(鲁迅出生的那栋房子). the house where Lu Xun was born (考点:先行词为地点，定语从句通常由where引导) 2) The old lady died _______________(在她儿子到达的那天)., on the day when his son arrived (考点:先行词为时间，定语从句通常由when引导) 3) This is _______________(我赞成这一改革的理由)., the reason why I am in favor of this reform (考点:先行词为reason，定语从句通常由why引导) 4) Some of the roads were flooded, _______________(这使我们的旅程更为艰难)., which made our journey more difficult (考点:非限制性定语从句) 十二、状语从句 4 1) _______________(不管我们谈论什么), Jim brings polities into the, discussion. Whatever we talk about (考点:让步状语从句) 2) _______________(不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他), the comedian always had a quick,, sharp reply. However hard some people in the audience tried to upset him, 3) We climbed high _______________(这样我们就可以看到更好的风景)., so that we might get a better view (考点:目的状语从句) 4) You can go out _______________(只要你答应晚上11点以前回来)., as long as you promise to be back before 11 at night (考点:条件状语从句) 十三、比较级最高级 4 1) Does she dance _______________(跟她姐姐一样地优美)?, as gracefully as her sister (考点:同级比较) 2) The buildings look _______________(在伦敦比在这儿难看得多)., far uglier in London than here (考点:用副词或词组来修饰比较级) 3) This is _______________(他画的最好的画之一)., one of the best pictures that he has ever painted (考点:最高级) 4) The higher you climb, _______________(空气就越稀薄)., the thinner the air becomes(考点:“越…越……”结构) 十四、倒装句 5 1) Scarcely had she fallen asleep _______________(一阵敲门声就把她吵醒)., when a knock at the door awakened her (考点:Hardly/ Scarcely …when…结构) 2) No sooner had Anne arrived _______________(就生病了)., than she fell ill (考点:No sooner…than…结构 3) The husband was not hospitable to the visitor., _______________(他妻子也没 说一句欢迎的话). Nor did the wife say a word of welcome. (考点:nor表示“后者与前者一样地 不……”) 4) Only then _______________(那个医生才意识到他的病人需要手术)., did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery, (考点:only引导的状语位于句首，句子倒装) 5) Only when you adjust down your price _______________(我们才能做成这笔买 卖). can we conclude the business (考点:同上) 十五、强调句 5 1) _______________(正是Jefferson写下了) the Declaration of Independence. It was Jefferson who wrote(考点:强调主语), 2) _______________(作者是带着真挚的情感)praises all that is progressive. It is with genuine feeling that the author(考点:强调状语), 3) _______________(正是因为水涨了)we could not cross the river. It was because the water had risen that(考点:强调状语从句) 4) _______________(人们听见正是Jim 这个无情的家伙) shouting at his mother in the dead of night. It was Jim, the heartless fellow, who was heard(考点:强调主语), 5) _______________(直到我告诉她) Mrs. Williams knew anything about it. (考点:强调状语从句) , It was not until I told her that