宝宝打预防针时间表

宝宝打预防针时间表 宝宝打预防针时间表-宝宝打预防针 时间表 时间:2010-12-31 11:54:46 来源:网友提供 标签:疫苗,宝宝,月龄,麻疹,皮疹,禁忌,乙脑,反应,脊髓灰质炎,基础,急性病,体质,甲肝, 群流脑,严重,禁忌证,乙肝疫苗,免疫,水痘,第四次 简介:宝宝打预防针时间表一类疫苗出生时:卡介苗、乙肝疫苗(基础)一个月:乙肝疫苗(基 础)两个月:脊灰疫苗(基础)三个月:脊灰疫苗、百白破疫苗(基础)四个月:脊灰疫苗、百 白破疫苗(基础)五个月:百白破疫苗(基础)六个月:乙肝疫苗、A 正文: 宝宝打预防针时间表一类疫苗出生时: 卡介苗、乙肝疫苗(基础)一个月: 乙肝疫苗(基础)两个月: 脊灰疫苗(基础)三个月: 脊灰疫苗、百白破疫苗(基础)四个月: 脊灰疫苗、百白破疫苗(基础)五个月: 百白破疫苗(基础)六个月: 乙肝疫苗、A群流脑苗(基础)八个月: 麻疹疫苗、乙脑疫苗(基础)九个月: A群流脑苗(基础)1.5-2岁: 百白破疫苗、麻疹疫苗、乙脑疫苗(加强)3岁: A群流脑苗(加强)4岁: 脊灰疫苗(加强)6岁: 百白破疫苗(加强)、乙脑疫苗、A群流脑苗(加强)二类疫苗(1)A+C群流脑疫苗: 3周岁注射1针次，6、9周岁各加强一针。 (2)无细胞百白破疫苗: 可替换全细胞百白破疫苗，接种程序同全细胞百白破疫苗。 (3)麻腮风疫苗: 1.5-2周岁注射一针，基础免疫后4年加强1针。 (4)甲肝减毒活疫苗或甲肝灭活疫苗: 甲肝减毒活疫苗接种时间是2岁时注射1针，4年后加强1针。 灭活疫苗1-16岁接种2针，间隔6个月，16岁以上接种1针。 (5)水痘疫苗: 1-12岁接种1针次。 (6)B型流感嗜血杆菌苗: 2、4、6月龄各注射一次，12月龄以上接种一针即可。 (7)流行性感冒疫苗: 1-3周岁每年注射2针，间隔1个月。 singing songs progress, and breaks down barriers to air, widely welcomed by the Japanese youth. Soon, the political team was held in town "25 rent" forum to promote rent, attended by KMT County Government, county offices, Yan Tomb District Government and representatives from all walks of the local youth. The meeting, the objections raised by the representatives of the County Committee, the two sides hotly debated. The local gentry and County Committee of the Kuomintang have attacked political team for unusual activity, Zhuang Shaozhen became a major goal. Renewed from the flag publications, organized anti-Japanese campaign, then to convene "25 rent" Forum, sparking a burst of publicity heat to promote youth war played a role. But the second wave of anti-communist, Kuomintang is mulling, wujiangludong, Lu XI two local forces took the opportunity to launch the "Shen" (the KMT County Chief Shen Liqun) activity, they shouted "County Government with the Communist party activities," created unprecedented tensions. Shen Liqun feel nervous, he was accused of "accommodate the alien parties" and deal with danger, prophesy and found no Communist Party in his County, and caused the storm to Zhuang Shaozhen to open the new identity. Between October, rumors in southwest area of Wujiang in tianmu mountain, "Black said. South Bureau and ordered the withdrawal of Sunan County owned lands, to youth task 3周岁以上每年接种1次即疫苗接种禁忌预防接种的原理，就是通过接种抗原刺激机体，使宝宝体内产生特异性抗体来对付细菌、病毒。 但是，有些时候，宝宝身体出现了某些特殊情况，就不适合接种，我们称这种情况为禁忌证。 每种疫苗所含抗原不同，禁忌证也会不同。 禁忌证一般分两大类，一类是暂时禁忌证;另一类是尽对禁忌证。 早产儿、难产儿，正在发热或患一般疾病的急性期儿童就属于暂时禁忌证。 这些宝宝可以在疾病康复后补种。 但是，假如你的宝宝具有免疫功能缺陷、或是严重过敏体质，就属于尽对禁忌证，接种疫苗可能发生异常反应，甚至危及生命，所以尽对不可接种疫苗。 接种疫苗的禁忌 (1)卡介苗禁忌: 早产的宝宝、低出生体重的宝宝(出生体重小于2500克)、难产的宝宝应该慎种。 正在发热、腹泻、严重皮肤病的宝宝应缓种。 结核病，急性传染病，心、肾疾患，免疫功能不全的宝宝禁种。 (2)脊髓灰质炎三价混合疫苗禁忌: 服苗前一周有腹泻的宝宝，或一天腹泻超过4次者，发热、急性病的宝宝，应该暂缓接种。 有免疫缺陷症的宝宝，正在使用免疫抑制剂(如激素)的宝宝禁用。 对牛奶过敏的宝宝可服液体疫苗。 (3)百白破疫苗禁忌: 发热、急性病或慢性病急性发作期的宝宝应缓种。 如癫痫)，有抽风史的宝宝，严重过敏体质的宝宝禁用。 中枢神经系统疾病( (4)麻疹疫苗禁忌: 患过麻疹的宝宝不必接种。 正在发热或有活动性结核的宝宝，有过敏史(特别是对鸡蛋过敏)的宝宝禁用。 注射丙种球蛋白的宝宝，间隔一个月后才可接种。 (5)乙型脑炎疫苗禁忌: 发热、急性病或慢性病急性发作期的宝宝应缓种。 有脑或神经系统疾患，过敏体质的宝宝禁种。 (6)流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫苗禁忌: 脑及神经系统疾患(癫痫、癔症、脑炎后遗症、抽搐等)，过敏体质，严重心、肾疾病，活动性结核病的宝宝禁用。 发热、急性疾病的宝宝可缓种。 (7)乙肝疫苗禁忌: 肝炎，发热，急性感染，慢性严重疾病，过敏体质的宝宝禁用。 (8)甲肝疫苗禁忌: 发热、急性病或慢性病发作期的宝宝应缓种。 免疫缺陷，正在接受免疫抑制剂治疗的宝宝，过敏体质的宝宝禁用。 有些家长明知宝宝有接种禁忌证，但仍心存侥幸，接种前不向医务职员说明情况，这样接种singing songs progress, and breaks down barriers to air, widely welcomed by the Japanese youth. Soon, the political team was held in town "25 rent" forum to promote rent, attended by KMT County Government, county offices, Yan Tomb District Government and representatives from all walks of the local youth. The meeting, the objections raised by the representatives of the County Committee, the two sides hotly debated. The local gentry and County Committee of the Kuomintang have attacked political team for unusual activity, Zhuang Shaozhen became a major goal. Renewed from the flag publications, organized anti-Japanese campaign, then to convene "25 rent" Forum, sparking a burst of publicity heat to promote youth war played a role. But the second wave of anti-communist, Kuomintang is mulling, wujiangludong, Lu XI two local forces took the opportunity to launch the "Shen" (the KMT County Chief Shen Liqun) activity, they shouted "County Government with the Communist party activities," created unprecedented tensions. Shen Liqun feel nervous, he was accused of "accommodate the alien parties" and deal with danger, prophesy and found no Communist Party in his County, and caused the storm to Zhuang Shaozhen to open the new identity. Between October, rumors in southwest area of Wujiang in tianmu mountain, "Black said. South Bureau and ordered the withdrawal of Sunan County owned lands, to youth task 疫苗是十分危险的。 比如一个宝宝就由于在发热的时候，给宝宝接种了乙型肝炎疫苗，最后导致宝宝出现了严重的器官畸形，所以希看家长们在宝宝疫苗接种的题目上要慎之又慎，万一出了题目对的宝宝可就是百分之百的损失，到时候就追悔莫及了。 疫苗反应疫苗虽经灭活或减毒处理，但究竟是一种蛋白或具抗原性的其他物质，对人体仍有一定的刺激作用而引起的。 实在这也是人体的一种自我保护就象感冒发热一样是机体在抵御细菌或病毒。 正常反应局部反应如轻度肿胀和疼痛。 百白破疫苗接种后，宝宝屁股上出现硬结就是吸附制剂接种后常见的现象。 接种疫苗后的全身反应有发热和周身不适，一般发热在38.5?以下，持续1~2天均属正常反应。 无论局部还是全身的正常反应一般不需要特殊处理，多喂水、并留意让宝宝多休息即可。 假如宝宝高热，可服用退烧药，可以做物理降温、吃些富有营养又好消化的食品、多喂水并要留意观察孩子的病情变化。 异常反应局部感染、无菌性脓肿;晕针、癔病;皮疹、血管神经性水肿、过敏性休克等。 碰到晕针、过敏性休克应立即让宝宝平卧、头部放低、口服温开水或糖水;与此同时立即请医生作紧急对症处理。 出现皮疹，可在医生的指导下给宝宝应用脱敏药。 出现过敏性休克一般表现为接种后很短时间内宝宝面色发白、四肢发凉、出冷汗、呼吸困难、甚至神志不清、抽风等。 此时一般医生会立即给宝宝进行皮下注射肾上腺素，同时给激素和脱敏药观察治疗。 不良反应及处理措施通常接种疫苗后，宝宝轻易出现的不良反应包括腹泻、皮疹、发热等。 对稍微腹泻一般不需特殊处理，只要留意给宝宝多补充水分，及时更换尿布，保证充足的休息，两三天就能复原。 假如宝宝腹泻严重，并持续3天以上都不见好转，应及时带宝宝往医院就诊。 有的宝宝在接种灭活疫苗后6~24小时会出现体温升高的现象，其中大多数在37.5?以下，仅有少数疫苗如百白破疫苗可引起38.5?左右的发热，一般持续1~2天，很少有3天以上者。 接种减毒活疫苗，如麻疹疫苗、麻风腮疫苗、水痘疫苗等接种后的发热反应是由疫苗病毒轻度感染所引起的，出现发热反应较晚，一般在5~7天开始有短暂的发热。 这种发热消失也快，1~2天可退烧。 疫苗不同，接种疫苗后的发热反应发生率也不同，稍微发热一般不需处理，只要加强观察，适当休息，多喝开水，留意保热，防止继发感染。 体温较高者，应该往医院作对症处理，必要时要补液。 在接种疫苗后无其他原因而出现的皮疹当中，以荨麻疹最为多见，一般在接种疫苗后数小时以至数日发生。 特殊皮疹，如麻疹疫苗、腮腺炎疫苗、风疹疫苗于接种后5~7天出现稀疏皮疹，一般7~10天消退。 singing songs progress, and breaks down barriers to air, widely welcomed by the Japanese youth. Soon, the political team was held in town "25 rent" forum to promote rent, attended by KMT County Government, county offices, Yan Tomb District Government and representatives from all walks of the local youth. The meeting, the objections raised by the representatives of the County Committee, the two sides hotly debated. The local gentry and County Committee of the Kuomintang have attacked political team for unusual activity, Zhuang Shaozhen became a major goal. Renewed from the flag publications, organized anti-Japanese campaign, then to convene "25 rent" Forum, sparking a burst of publicity heat to promote youth war played a role. But the second wave of anti-communist, Kuomintang is mulling, wujiangludong, Lu XI two local forces took the opportunity to launch the "Shen" (the KMT County Chief Shen Liqun) activity, they shouted "County Government with the Communist party activities," created unprecedented tensions. Shen Liqun feel nervous, he was accused of "accommodate the alien parties" and deal with danger, prophesy and found no Communist Party in his County, and caused the storm to Zhuang Shaozhen to open the new identity. Between October, rumors in southwest area of Wujiang in tianmu mountain, "Black said. South Bureau and ordered the withdrawal of Sunan County owned lands, to youth task 麻疹疫苗引起的皮疹非常稍微。 水痘疫苗接种后12~21天中常见有丘疹、水泡或疱疹出现，一般未几，约在10颗以下，不会结痂。 经治疗均可痊愈，预后良好。 有时会遇上接种疫苗恰好和其他病偶合的情况，只有仔细地观察和分析才可鉴别。 万万不可以看到接种后发热就只想到接种反应，遗漏了原发病造成误诊 1月龄: 乙肝疫苗(第二次)2月龄: 脊髓灰质炎疫苗(第一次)3月龄: 脊髓灰质炎疫苗(第二次)、百白破(第一次)4月龄: 脊髓灰质炎疫苗(第三次)、百白破(第二次)5月龄: 百白破(第三次)6月龄: 乙肝疫苗(第三次)、A群流脑疫苗(第一次)8月龄: 麻疹疫苗(第一次)、乙脑疫苗(非活第一、二次)、(减活第一次)9月龄: A群流脑疫苗(第二次)18月龄: 百白破(第四次)、麻疹疫苗(第二次)2岁: 乙脑疫苗(非活第三次)、(减活第二次)3岁: A群流脑疫苗(第三次)4岁: 脊髓灰质炎疫苗(第四次)6岁: 乙脑疫苗(非活第四次)、(减活第三次)、A群流脑疫苗(第四次)、精白破(第一次)16岁: 精白破(第二次) 关键字: 宝宝打预防针时间表,宝宝预防针时间表,小孩打预防针时间表,打预防针时间表,宝宝打预防针,预防针时间表,宝宝打预防针后发烧,宝宝打预防针发烧,上海预防针时间表,儿童预防针时间表 相关资讯: [转]宝宝打预防针时间表_妇科常见病治疗 这种发热消散也快，1~2天可退烧宝宝打预防针时间表一类疫苗出生时:卡介苗、乙肝疫苗(根蒂根基)一个月:乙肝疫苗(根蒂根基)两个月:脊灰疫苗(根蒂根基)3个月:脊... singing songs progress, and breaks down barriers to air, widely welcomed by the Japanese youth. Soon, the political team was held in town "25 rent" forum to promote rent, attended by KMT County Government, county offices, Yan Tomb District Government and representatives from all walks of the local youth. The meeting, the objections raised by the representatives of the County Committee, the two sides hotly debated. The local gentry and County Committee of the Kuomintang have attacked political team for unusual activity, Zhuang Shaozhen became a major goal. Renewed from the flag publications, organized anti-Japanese campaign, then to convene "25 rent" Forum, sparking a burst of publicity heat to promote youth war played a role. But the second wave of anti-communist, Kuomintang is mulling, wujiangludong, Lu XI two local forces took the opportunity to launch the "Shen" (the KMT County Chief Shen Liqun) activity, they shouted "County Government with the Communist party activities," created unprecedented tensions. Shen Liqun feel nervous, he was accused of "accommodate the alien parties" and deal with danger, prophesy and found no Communist Party in his County, and caused the storm to Zhuang Shaozhen to open the new identity. Between October, rumors in southwest area of Wujiang in tianmu mountain, "Black said. South Bureau and ordered the withdrawal of Sunan County owned lands, to youth task 随着人们对健康的逐渐重视，疾病预防接种意识也在不断增强。据了解，我国预防接种有两种形式，一种是政府免费向公民提供，公民应当依照政府的规定受种，即通常所说的国家免疫规划;另一种是指由公民自费并且自愿受种的形式。 据省卫生厅疾控处处长郝庆玉介绍，目前我国纳入国家免疫规划的疫苗包括卡介苗、乙肝疫苗、脊灰疫苗、百白破疫苗及吸附白破联合疫苗、麻疹疫苗，分别预防结核病、乙型病毒性肝炎、脊髓灰质炎(俗称小儿麻痹)、百日咳、白喉、破伤风、麻疹的发生和流行。我省将预防流行性乙型脑炎、流行性脑脊髓膜炎的乙脑疫苗和流脑疫苗纳入免费接种项目,共计7种疫苗，预防9种疾病，今后还将有数种疫苗纳入免费项目。市民可根据计划及时接种，当然有经济条件者可选择自费疫苗进行注射。 国家强制免疫的疫苗都不收费其中包括:乙肝、麻疹、白百破、卡介、脊灰糖丸、流脑、乙脑，这些是不收费的。孩子定期可以去打，顶多收取注射费和注射器费，一般最多两元。其他疫苗是收费的，家长可以选择性给孩子免疫，有风疹、轮状病毒疫苗、甲肝、水痘、流感、腮腺炎疫苗等都是要花钱买的。 《预防接种证》上的一类疫苗,即国家规定强免(强制免疫)的疫苗是必须打的，即强制免疫的，也是免费的(至少上海是一分钱不收的，连针筒1块钱都免了)。 以下是规定强免的疫苗(2006年3月1日执行): 出生时:乙肝疫苗(第一次)、卡介苗 1月龄:乙肝疫苗(第二次) 2月龄:脊髓灰质炎疫苗(第一次) 3月龄:脊髓灰质炎疫苗(第二次)、百白破(第一次) 4月龄:脊髓灰质炎疫苗(第三次)、百白破(第二次) 5月龄:百白破(第三次) 6月龄:乙肝疫苗(第三次)、A群流脑疫苗(第一次) 8月龄:麻疹疫苗(第一次)、乙脑疫苗(非活第一、二次)、(减活第一次) 9月龄:A群流脑疫苗(第二次) 18月龄:百白破(第四次)、麻疹疫苗(第二次) 2岁:乙脑疫苗(非活第三次)、(减活第二次) 3岁:A群流脑疫苗(第三次) 4岁:脊髓灰质炎疫苗(第四次) 6岁:乙脑疫苗(非活第四次)、(减活第三次)、A群流脑疫苗(第四次)、精白破(第一次) 16岁:精白破(第二次) singing songs progress, and breaks down barriers to air, widely welcomed by the Japanese youth. Soon, the political team was held in town "25 rent" forum to promote rent, attended by KMT County Government, county offices, Yan Tomb District Government and representatives from all walks of the local youth. The meeting, the objections raised by the representatives of the County Committee, the two sides hotly debated. The local gentry and County Committee of the Kuomintang have attacked political team for unusual activity, Zhuang Shaozhen became a major goal. Renewed from the flag publications, organized anti-Japanese campaign, then to convene "25 rent" Forum, sparking a burst of publicity heat to promote youth war played a role. But the second wave of anti-communist, Kuomintang is mulling, wujiangludong, Lu XI two local forces took the opportunity to launch the "Shen" (the KMT County Chief Shen Liqun) activity, they shouted "County Government with the Communist party activities," created unprecedented tensions. Shen Liqun feel nervous, he was accused of "accommodate the alien parties" and deal with danger, prophesy and found no Communist Party in his County, and caused the storm to Zhuang Shaozhen to open the new identity. Between October, rumors in southwest area of Wujiang in tianmu mountain, "Black said. South Bureau and ordered the withdrawal of Sunan County owned lands, to youth task 还有一些疫苗不属于强免范围，即二类疫苗,如甲肝、麻腮风、风疹、腮腺炎、肺炎、水痘等，都要收费的，可自愿选择打或不打。记住一点,凡是收费的疫苗都需要家长签名认可,方可接种。 2-6个月婴儿需接种多次疫苗，如口服小儿麻痹糖丸、注射百白破三联疫苗、乙型肝炎疫苗和乙脑疫苗。每次接种都有一定的时间和要求。 在婴儿满4个月时，应口服第三颗小儿麻痹糖丸，至此即完成了全程的基础免役，在婴儿体内产生了足够的抗小儿麻痹症的抗体，可维持2-3年。因此，在4岁左右还应再服一次以强化对该疾病的抵抗力。 百白破三联疫苗从婴儿生后满3个月开始接种第一针，要完成该疫苗的基础免疫，还需在出生后满4个月和满5个月时再各接种一次。即在婴儿体内产生了抗百日咳、白喉和破伤风三种传染病的抗体。注射百白破三联疫苗的第二针后，因注射剂量增加了，往往会发生一定的反应，如在接种后的当天晚上婴儿会哭闹不安，难以入睡，有时还会发烧。注射的局部会红肿、疼痛，也可使婴儿烦躁不安。这种反应一般可持续1-2天，而自行恢复，不需处理。如果婴儿体温升至39.5?以上，有抽搐、惊厥、持续性惊叫等严重反应，应及时到医院进行诊治。在进行第三针注射时，应将上述情况反馈给医生，由医生决定是减少剂量注射呢,还是改用白破疫苗注射，或是不再进行第三针注射，以免再次发生严重反应或过敏反应。 乙型肝炎疫苗的第三针应在婴儿满6个月时接种。因为与第二针相隔时间较长，有的家长往往会忘记。如第三针不接种，抗体水平低且持续时间短。 7-9个月的婴儿的预防接种 7-9个月的婴儿需要接种麻疹减毒活疫苗，接种麻疹疫苗后可预防婴儿患麻疹。目前规定在婴儿8个月时都应接种麻疹疫苗。这是因为在婴儿8个月时，由母亲传递给婴儿的麻疹抗体逐渐消失，而使婴儿对麻疹的抵抗力下降。这时必须采取人工的方法，即注射麻疹疫苗，在婴儿体内经过一次轻微的麻疹病毒感染，从而在体内产生相应抗体，对麻疹有了抵抗力，这种抵抗力一般可持续3-4年。接种时，在婴儿的臂外侧进行皮下注射。接种麻疹疫苗后，反应很轻，仅少数婴儿在接种后6-10天可有发热，但体温不会超过38.5?，持续2天即消退。婴儿的精神、食欲均不受影响。也有的婴在接种后，发热的同时可出现皮疹，多见于胸、腹及背部的皮肤，皮疹数目不多，并且1-2天内即消失，皮疹消失后也不象患麻疹那样皮肤上留有褐色斑。因此，不需要做任何处理。在注射的局部一般无不良反应。在婴儿患有发热、其他疾病的急性期、恢复期时，均应暂缓接种。对鸡蛋过敏的婴儿应当慎重使用麻疹疫苗。在注射丙种球蛋白、胎盘球蛋白后，需间隔一个月才可接种麻疹疫苗。而接种麻疹疫苗后二周，才可注射胎盘球蛋白或丙种球蛋白等，以免影响麻疹疫苗的免疫效果。 婴儿1岁时的防接预种 婴儿1岁时应接种流脑多糖疫苗和乙脑。按规定在婴儿10个月-12个月期间进行流脑疫苗的初次接种，需要接种2次完成基础免疫，2次之间应间隔3个月。乙脑疫苗有两种，一种是灭活的，一种是减毒的，一般国内singing songs progress, and breaks down barriers to air, widely welcomed by the Japanese youth. Soon, the political team was held in town "25 rent" forum to promote rent, attended by KMT County Government, county offices, Yan Tomb District Government and representatives from all walks of the local youth. The meeting, the objections raised by the representatives of the County Committee, the two sides hotly debated. The local gentry and County Committee of the Kuomintang have attacked political team for unusual activity, Zhuang Shaozhen became a major goal. Renewed from the flag publications, organized anti-Japanese campaign, then to convene "25 rent" Forum, sparking a burst of publicity heat to promote youth war played a role. But the second wave of anti-communist, Kuomintang is mulling, wujiangludong, Lu XI two local forces took the opportunity to launch the "Shen" (the KMT County Chief Shen Liqun) activity, they shouted "County Government with the Communist party activities," created unprecedented tensions. Shen Liqun feel nervous, he was accused of "accommodate the alien parties" and deal with danger, prophesy and found no Communist Party in his County, and caused the storm to Zhuang Shaozhen to open the new identity. Between October, rumors in southwest area of Wujiang in tianmu mountain, "Black said. South Bureau and ordered the withdrawal of Sunan County owned lands, to youth task 的计划免疫规定的免费的是灭活的，这一种初免是2针，间隔7-10天，减毒的初免的一针。两种比较，灭活的宝宝要多扎一次，但宝宝反应相对较小，减毒的宝宝可以少扎一针，但反应相对较大。 这两种疫苗一般接种在婴儿的上臂外侧三角肌附着处，进行皮下注射。接种后反应轻微，仅少数小儿可出现接种部位有红晕、硬结等反应，全身仅有发热，偶尔可出现过敏反应，这些反应经过1-2天后也会自行消失，不需要做任何处理。 为什么要给孩子进行预防接种? 婴儿出生后，可从母亲体内获得一定的抵抗传染病的能力，但随着月龄的增长，抵抗力会逐渐减弱和消失，孩子就容易受一些传染病的传染。为了提高儿童抵抗传染病的能力，预防传染病的发生，就需要有计划地按时给儿童进行预防接种，以保护儿童健康地成长。 什么叫计划免疫? 计划免疫是根据疫情监测和人群免疫状况的分析，按照规定的免疫程序，有计划地利用生物制品对人群进行的预防接种，以提高人群的免疫水平，达到控制以至最终消灭相应传染病的目的。 需加强接种的疫苗 1岁内完成了几种疫苗的基础免疫后，在小儿体内产生了足够的抵抗疾病的能力，但是，随着时间的推移，体内的抗体会逐渐下降，因疫苗的不同下降的程度也不相同，因此，有些疫苗需要在小儿1.5-2岁期间需要进行加强接种，有些疫苗要等到小儿4岁以后才需要加强接种。1.5-2岁期间需要加强接种的疫苗有百白破混合疫苗和麻疹，接种的方法与基础免疫相同，4岁加强一剂脊灰糖丸，以后到6岁时在接种一次白破类毒素混合疫苗。另一种需要加强接种的疫苗是流行性乙型脑炎疫苗，初次接种是在小儿8个月时接种的，间隔一年的时间，则需进行加强接种一次，最好是在每年的4-5月份接种，因乙型脑炎的发病流行季节是在每年的夏秋季节，该疫苗在小儿6岁时还应在加强接种第二次。 哪些情况下应暂缓预防接种 在进行预防接种时，每种预防制剂均有一定的接种对象，不是任何人任何时候都可进行预防接种的。在有以下情况时均不易进行预防接种: 1、患传染病后正处于恢复期或有急性传染病接触史而又未过检疫期的儿童不宜打预防针。若此时打预防针容易发生不良反应，或使原有病情加重。 2、正在患感冒或因各种疾病引起发热的小儿，若打预防针，会使体温升高，诱发或加重疾病。 3、有哮喘、湿疹、荨麻疹及过敏性体质的小儿，打预防针后易发生过敏反应，特别是打麻疹活疫苗，或白、百、破混合制剂等致敏原较强的预防针，更易产生过敏反应;对有癫痫和惊厥史的患儿打预防针，尤其是打乙脑或百白破混合制剂的，易使儿童发生晕厥、抽风和休克等;有严重佝偻病的孩子不宜用小儿麻痹糖丸疫苗。 singing songs progress, and breaks down barriers to air, widely welcomed by the Japanese youth. Soon, the political team was held in town "25 rent" forum to promote rent, attended by KMT County Government, county offices, Yan Tomb District Government and representatives from all walks of the local youth. The meeting, the objections raised by the representatives of the County Committee, the two sides hotly debated. The local gentry and County Committee of the Kuomintang have attacked political team for unusual activity, Zhuang Shaozhen became a major goal. Renewed from the flag publications, organized anti-Japanese campaign, then to convene "25 rent" Forum, sparking a burst of publicity heat to promote youth war played a role. But the second wave of anti-communist, Kuomintang is mulling, wujiangludong, Lu XI two local forces took the opportunity to launch the "Shen" (the KMT County Chief Shen Liqun) activity, they shouted "County Government with the Communist party activities," created unprecedented tensions. Shen Liqun feel nervous, he was accused of "accommodate the alien parties" and deal with danger, prophesy and found no Communist Party in his County, and caused the storm to Zhuang Shaozhen to open the new identity. Between October, rumors in southwest area of Wujiang in tianmu mountain, "Black said. South Bureau and ordered the withdrawal of Sunan County owned lands, to youth task 4、患急慢性肾脏病、活动性肺结核、严重心脏病、化脓性皮肤病、化脓性中耳炎的小儿，打预防针后可出现各种不良反应，使原有的病情加重而影响病儿的康复。但需要指出的是，小儿如果患有先天性心脏病，只要心脏功能好，照样可以打预防针。 5、预防接种期间，若小儿正处于不舒服，有呕吐、腹泻和咳嗽等症状时，在征得医生的同意后，可暂时不打预防针，待症状好转后再补打。 6、近一个月内注射丙种球蛋白者也不易接种。待以上疾病恢复正常后，即可进行常规接种。如发现自己的孩子有免疫缺陷时，不能进行任何预防接种。 怎样减少预防接种后的反应? 大多数疫苗接种后是不会引起严重反应的，但是由于每个孩子的体质不同，在进行预防接种后，可能会出现一些轻重不同的反应。主要的有局部反应和全身反应，发生过敏反应也是很少的。 为了保证安全，减少反应，各种预防接种必须在孩子身体健康的时候进行。如果孩子有病，就暂时不要接种。例如，发热时不要打白喉、百日咳、破伤风三联疫苗;腹泻时不要口服小儿麻痹症糖丸;空腹饥饿时不宜打预防针，以免发生低血糖等严重反应。打针前做好孩子的工作，让勇敢的孩子先打，以消除胆小孩子的紧张害怕心理。打针后二至三天内应避免剧烈活动，注意注射部位的清洁卫生。暂时不要洗澡，以防局部感染 singing songs progress, and breaks down barriers to air, widely welcomed by the Japanese youth. Soon, the political team was held in town "25 rent" forum to promote rent, attended by KMT County Government, county offices, Yan Tomb District Government and representatives from all walks of the local youth. The meeting, the objections raised by the representatives of the County Committee, the two sides hotly debated. The local gentry and County Committee of the Kuomintang have attacked political team for unusual activity, Zhuang Shaozhen became a major goal. Renewed from the flag publications, organized anti-Japanese campaign, then to convene "25 rent" Forum, sparking a burst of publicity heat to promote youth war played a role. But the second wave of anti-communist, Kuomintang is mulling, wujiangludong, Lu XI two local forces took the opportunity to launch the "Shen" (the KMT County Chief Shen Liqun) activity, they shouted "County Government with the Communist party activities," created unprecedented tensions. Shen Liqun feel nervous, he was accused of "accommodate the alien parties" and deal with danger, prophesy and found no Communist Party in his County, and caused the storm to Zhuang Shaozhen to open the new identity. Between October, rumors in southwest area of Wujiang in tianmu mountain, "Black said. South Bureau and ordered the withdrawal of Sunan County owned lands, to youth task