高中宾语从句精讲及练习(含答案)

宾语从句 学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1.宾语从句的定义     宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以做介词的宾语。    作动词的宾语:   I heard that he would come here later on.   作介词的宾语:   He　said　nothing about who broke the window last night.   2.宾语从句中引导词（连接词）的用法 在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有： 连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whose, what ,which，whatever,whichever等。 副词：when ,where, how, why 。 1 连词：　 He told me that he would go to the college the next year     他告诉我他明年上大学. I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.     我不知道是否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.     没有人知道他是否会通过考试. that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略） The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. 在以下情况中that不能省略 1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。 I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better． 2、 当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。 Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap. 3、 当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。 I can’t tell him that his mother died. 4、当it作形式宾语时 例句：She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him ． 许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。 （6123结构） 6    make,believe,consider,find,feel,think. 2    名词或者形容词 1    it 3    to do , doing , that从句 5、当宾语从句前置时 That our team will win，I believe． 由whether,if 引导的宾语从句 在下列情况下只能用whether，不能用if： ①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether如：Let me know whether or not  he will come 让我知道他是否能来。 I don't know whether  he does any washing or not． 我不知道他洗不洗衣服。 ②在介词之后用whether。 如：I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。 We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time． 我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。 ③在不定式前用whether。如： He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。 He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train． 他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。 ④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如： Whether this is true or not，I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。 ⑤引导置于句首的主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如： Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问。 ⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如： Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为： b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我 连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 ②连接代词：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。 ③连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。 He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面. Could you please tell me how you use the new panel? 你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗? None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到. 练习题 (1) I don’t know ___________or not. A. whether he is at home B. if he is at home C. that he is at home D. whether is he at home (2) This depends on _________ the weather is fine. A. which B. whether C. if D. that (3) The teacher asked the new student ________ class he was in. A. which B. where C. if D. that (4) I don’t know ________ Mr. Green will come to see us. He’ll help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where (5) --- Be careful! Don’t break the bottles. Do you hear ______ I said? David? --- Yes, Mum A. what B. that C. why D. if (6) --- Do you know _______ Mr Black’s address is? --- He may live at NO.18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. I’m not sure of ______. A. where, which B. where, what C. what, which D. what, where (7) There is not much difference between the two. I really don’t know _____. A. what should I choose B. which I should choose C. which should I choose D. what I should choose 三.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。 I don’t know what they are looking for.  Could you tell me when the train will leave? 练习题 (1) Did you find out ______?  A. she was looking for whose child B. whose child was she looking for C. whose child she is looking for D. whose child she was looking for (2) Are you interested in _____? A. how did he do it B. he did it how C. how he did it D. he how did it (3) I don’t know _____. Can you tell me? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are (4) --- What did the scientist say? --- He said he wondered if _____ into space by spaceship one day. A. he had to fly B. he could fly C. can he fly D. could he fly (5) Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ____? A. Where the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bank C. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where （6）She asked Tom ________ with his car? A. what the matter was B. what the matter is C. what was the matter D. what is the matter 四.宾语从句的时态 时态： 1、 主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。 例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well. 2、 主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。 例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time. 3、 当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound. 练习题 (1) It’s 7:30. I can’t believe you___ cooking dinner yet, Sally. A. haven’t started B. didn’t C. don’t start D. hadn’t started (2) The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ____ Christmas Day. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be  (3) The teacher said that the earth _______round the sun. A. goes B. go C. went D. will go (4) We ’d like to tell you that you ______the exam. A. have passed B. had passed C. pass D. will pass (5) “Could you tell me______?” “Yes. They ____ to the library.” A. where are the twins, have been B. where were the twins, have been C. where the twins are, have gone D, where the twins were, have gone (6) Our father said that he ______ a new computer next week. A. will buy B. have bought C. would buy D. buys (7) I hear that he ______ to Beijing yesterday. A. goes B. will go C. went D. have gone 高中宾语从句练习题及详解 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what 26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it 27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when 28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B. whose C. what D./ 29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly. A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill. A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam. A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it. A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago. A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it 37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph. A. that B. which C. from that D. from which 38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done. A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose 40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened? --- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew. A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing. A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns. A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house. A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected. A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up. A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。 2．C. "和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。 3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 4. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 5．A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。 6．C. 解析同第5题。 7. A. 解析见第3题。 8. A. 本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。 9. A. “谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。 10. A. with which是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen. 11. C. in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse. In front of which在从句中作状语. 12. D. with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer. 13. D. whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语. 14. A. that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导. 15. D. the same……..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语. 16. D. such……… as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语. 17. B. as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语. 18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming. 19. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。 as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a……..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词. 20. B. things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that. 21. D. who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语. 22. C. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers. 23. D. 先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略. 24. A. whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which 25. A. for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for "以……..而闻名". 26. C. 当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as. As在本从句中作主语. 27. A. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句. 28. D. 在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in (或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。 29. D. for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代. 30. B. which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句. 31. A. The reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。 32. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义. 33. A. 解释见28题. 34. D. 主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B. both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句. 35. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语. 36. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义. 37. D. 38. D. 解析见35题. 39. A. he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that. 40. B. which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句. 41. A. what happened是宾语从句. all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that. 42. D. years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句. 43. C. 本句话的定语从句是who own cars. 其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。 44. D. that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。 45. A. 先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。 46. B. through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。 47. B. 为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week. 不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。 48. A. 解释见35题。 49. C. 因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。 50. B. 本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。 1-5 CADAC 6-10 ABCBA 11-15 DDCAB 16-20 DABAD 21-25 CABBA 26-30 BCCBD 31-35 BACDD 36-40 ADCDD 41-45 CCBAD 46-50 DBCBD 51-53 CDD