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计算机行业分析

2017-09-30 50页 doc 165KB 52阅读

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计算机行业分析计算机行业分析 行业发展特征: ?2002年上半年中国计算机市场处于相对平缓的增长期 ?全球IT市场在2002年四季度会有较大的反弹 ?强大的社会内需将拉动中国IT市场的快速稳定增长 ?中国软件和信息服务市场将继续保持30%左右的增长率 公司前景分析: ?计算机类上市公司的行业代表性不够 ?硬件类的上市公司利润率还将保持在较低的水平,但还有发展空间 ?软件和信息服务类公司前景较好 行业投资策略: ?随着国际IT制造业中心向中国转移,和中国加入世贸后对国际市场的开拓,目前在行业中排名靠前的、有良好品牌形象的...
计算机行业分析
计算机行业分析 行业发展特征: ?2002年上半年中国计算机市场处于相对平缓的增长期 ?全球IT市场在2002年四季度会有较大的反弹 ?强大的社会内需将拉动中国IT市场的快速稳定增长 ?中国软件和信息服务市场将继续保持30%左右的增长率 公司前景分析: ?计算机类上市公司的行业代表性不够 ?硬件类的上市公司利润率还将保持在较低的水平,但还有发展空间 ?软件和信息服务类公司前景较好 行业投资策略: ?随着国际IT制造业中心向中国转移,和中国加入世贸后对国际市场的开拓,目前在行业中排名靠前的、有良好品牌形象的公司,在将来有稳定成长的潜力,如清华同方(相关,行情)、方正科技(相关,行情)、实达电脑(相关,行情)、长城电脑(相关,行情)、清华紫光(相关,行情)等公司值得重点关注。 ?考虑到未来软件市场的高速成长性,建议关注上市后未进行过大比例送配的公司,如中软股份(相关,行情)、用友软件(相关,行情)、亿阳信通(相关,行情)和宏智科技(相关,行情)。同时,从公司经营的稳健性和发展方向角度考虑,建议关注东软股份(相关,行情)和浙大网新(相关,行情)。 ?IT行业上市公司同样面临着重组和整合的可能,既有来自国内行业内外的公司,也包括国外的大型,,公司,可关注新太科技(相关,行情)的发展动向。 1行业发展回顾与展望 1.1 2001年及2002年上半年行业发展回顾 1.1.1 2001年国内计算机市场延续了平稳增长态势,但总体增长幅度开始回落 20世纪90年代后,我国计算机市场在国家经济高速发展的背景下,随着信息化建设的启动和发展,进入了前所未有的高速发展阶段,在1991年至1997年间的平均增长速度高达56.9,。1998年,由于受到亚洲金融危机和我国经济出现通货紧缩等国内外宏观经济环境的影响,增长速度有所下降。 2001年,随着全球网络经济泡沫的破灭,美国的新经济神话走下神坛,美国经济增速减缓并陷入衰退,欧洲经济增长放缓,日本经济持续低迷,全球经济蒙上了厚重的阴影。全 球经济环境恶化导致IT产业与市场遭遇寒流―全球PC销售量首次出现负增长;股票下跌、紧缩开支以及裁员风潮席卷世界各大IT企业。 虽然全球经济不景气,但是国家“以信息化带动工业化”战略已开始进入实施阶段,金融、电信、教育、政府、社保等行业的信息化建设继续深入。电子政务、电子商务继续实施,这对计算机市场的持续增长起到了重要作用,而与西部大开发相关的通信基础设施建设和交通设施建设也对IT市场的增长起到了积极的作用。 2001年,良好的国内经济环境使中国计算机市场继续保持平稳的增长。中国计算机工业全年实现工业总产值约3400亿元,比上年增长21.4%;计算机市场实现销售额2502亿元,比上年增长16.4%。2001年中国计算机市场延续了几年来的平稳增长态势,但总体增长幅度开始回落。整个硬件产品的增长幅度远远低于软件和信息服务的增长幅度:台式PC增长缓慢,服务器增长相对稳定,笔记本电脑市场销量呈现了快速增长势头,网络及部分外设产品也保持了较快的增长速度。 2001年,在中国计算机市场总销售额中,硬件市场取得了13.5%的增长,软件和信息服务市场继续保持较快的发展速度,分别比上年增长23.9%和25.5%;同时,软件与信息服务在计算机市场中的份额继续增加,由2000年的25.6%提高至2001年的27.4%。这进一步说明,在中国政府有关政策的鼓励和大力扶持下,软件产业规模迅速扩大,已成为拉动中国计算机市场持续增长的巨大动力。 1.1.2 2002年上半年中国计算机市场处于相对平缓的增长期 进入2002年,美国经济第一季在美国政府为了反恐战争的巨额财政和军事开支的刺激下,同时利率降至历史低位,出现了5.6%的高成长,正当人们认为美国经济已见底并将带动世界经济走向复苏时,接连出现的美国公司财务丑闻导致美国股市大幅下挫和美元的下跌,投资人信心大受伤害,而美国经济的第二季数据之差表明美国经济的全面复苏远未来临,并很有可能陷入二次衰退之中。 美林公司对全球计算机市场的前景预测认为,2002年企业在技术方面的投资将仅增长4.6%,比2001年的增长率略高一点点。美林的研究小组认为,技术投资在近期不会有大幅度的增加。他们还指出,尽管大多数用户认为技术投资不会进一步地减少,但40%的接受调查的人士表示可能减少在技术方面的投资。 而中国整个国民经济在出口高速增长和国债项目带动的强劲内需增长下,GDP的增长在上半年达到了7.8%,另外,2002年是中国加入世贸的第一年,大量的外资开始涌向中国,特别是电子信息产品制造业向中国大量地转移,导致利用外资和电子信息产品出口方面增长相当迅速。 2002年上半年,中国计算机市场实现销售额1312.5亿元,比2001年同期增长15.8,,低于2001年17.9,的增长率。其中,硬件市场实现销售额955.6亿元,同比增长12.8%;而软件和信息服务市场分别实现23.5%和25.6%的增长,使得软件与信息服务市场的份额持续扩大,已分别由2001年的10.2%和15.0,上升到10.9,和16.3,,软件和信息服务市场的快速成长,成为IT产业关注的焦点,推动国内计算机市场结构的日趋软化以及IT企业的业务转型,也推动着国内IT产业结构的优化。由于上半年电信、金融等主要行业信息化建 设采购力度增幅减缓,其它传统行业如教育、建筑、医疗等采购力度虽有较大增长,但其市场规模不大,对整体市场影响较小,因此,中国计算机市场处于相对平缓的增长期。 2001,2002年上半年中国计算机市场规模与增长(单位:亿元人民币) 产品2001年上半年2002年上半年增长率 硬件847.4 955.6 12.8% 软件116 143.3 23.5% 信息服务170 213.6 25.6% 总计1133.4 1312.5 15.8% 1.1.3 2002年上半年中国计算机市场运行的特点 1)上半年在计算机硬件市场方面,PC产品总计销售410.8万台,实现销售额334.51亿元,分别比去年同期增长17.2,和11.3,。其中,笔记本电脑增长最快,销量增长达44.3,,在PC市场中的份额也由2001年上半年的7.2,迅速上升到8.9,,成为PC市场中一道亮丽的风景线。各主要外设产品销量均比2001年同期有一定增长,其中磁盘存储系统增长率达33.3,;但各产品销售额的增长远远低于销量的增长,其中显示器的销售额甚至出现了下降。这表明,在目前国内计算机市场供大于求的状况下,硬件产品销量的增长一方面是市场需求增长的必然结果,另一方面,价格的持续下滑在某种程度上已成为推动硬件产品销售的必要条件。 2)2002年上半年,各种软件产品也保持了快速的增长,其中中间软件和应用软件的增长速度均高于平台软件的增长,这使得中间软件和应用软件在软件市场中的份额持续增加。这从另一个角度反映出,在计算机产品应用市场规模不断扩大的同时,市场应用需求的重心正在逐步由新系统的建设为主转向现有系统应用水平提高为主的变化过程。 3)在计算机服务领域,服务已经成为用户新的需求热点,也成为厂商业务拓展的重要方向。联想以,,,,万现金以及联想原有的,,咨询业务注入汉普国际咨询有限公司,“科技联想”迈开了向“服务联想”转变的步伐。用友、金蝶等软件公司,纷纷提出服务标准化和产业化策略等等;金融、保险、电信、制造、服务等领域的各类企业纷纷签约IT服务,许多,,企业纷纷转向,,服务行业,中关村(相关,行情)数据、世纪互联等熟悉或陌生的,,公司,也纷纷逐鹿,,服务市场,表明信息服务正在逐步取代传统的PC制造业,成为新世纪中国计算机厂商可持续发展的重要途径。 4)价格竞争仍然是厂商之间竞争的重要手段。尽管渠道和服务竞争日益引起厂商的重视,但随着计算机产品更新换代速度的加快,同时由于国内计算机制造处于整个行业产业链的低端,各厂商在产品的特性上的缺失,国内计算机市场基本上陷入了价格竞争的泥潭。这与上游厂商处理器芯片和内存的大幅降价有关,同时也反映出厂商和渠道为了谋求生存和发展,在激烈的市场竞争中不得不采用微薄利润的无奈。 5)行业与企业用户成为计算机市场的主要消费者。国家“十五”中“以信息化带动工业化”战略的实施以及金融、电信等行业信息化建设的逐步深化,不但带动了服务器、存储设备以及网络设备等产品市场需求的增长,同时也加大了管理软件、行业应用软件和解决应用的市场需求,在保持国内计算机市场持续稳定增长方面起到了重要作用。 6)家庭数字消费概念备受关注,随着台式PC、笔记本电脑、打印机、扫描仪等计算机产品不断进入家庭用户,家庭消费市场也日益成为计算机企业关注的焦点,宽带技术的普及和网络服务内容的丰富更加快了家庭信息化的进程。包括数码相机、PDA在内的家庭数码产品逐步成为家庭信息消费的又一个热点。 1.2 2002年下半年展望 1.2.1全球IT市场在今年四季度会有较大的反弹 从国际市场看,尽管全球经济复苏的形势依然不是很明朗,但是普遍认为全球IT市场在今年四季度会有较大的反弹,今年企业对计算机软件、硬件、服务的投资将略高于去年。 Forrester分析公司发表的一份报告中指出,今年北美的企业在信息技术上的投资将比去年高出2.3%。这也将是该地区的信息技术投资在经历一年多的负增长后首次出现增长。 预计投资增长的领域包括基础性的硬件产品,例如存储系统和服务器,以及与数据仓库和数据挖掘相关的项目,与能够将信息由数据仓库中传递给决策者的系统相关的领域都会出现增长。 IDC发布的一份全球市场调查报告结果显示,由于今年第四季度用于IT领域的消费将出现激增,预计全球2002年信息技术领域的消费支出将超出2001年的水平。今年IT领域的消费增长将集中的体现在第四季度——传统的消费购物季节,对于大多数公司而言,它们都将一年的购物计划定在了此间。去年第四季度的黄金购物季节遭受了“911恐怖袭击”事件影响,众多公司的购买热情一落千丈。IDC称,与2001年IT领域的消费低迷相比,2002年的IT消费将显得格外强劲。尽管2002年的IT领域消费将得到全面反弹,但并非计算机全部领域都将受益,IDC称,电脑硬件消费预计将比去年下降4%。 1.2.2国内市场计算机及相关设备制造业保持20%增长,软件及信息服务约增长25.3% 在国内市场上,由于出口形势依然是谨慎乐观,全年GDP增长将继续保持稳定的增长水平,完成年初制定的7%的增长目标应该没有问题。下半年我国经济继续稳定的增长,扩大内需的工作方针以及扩张性的宏观经济政策将继续保持,国民经济和社会的信息化、高技术产业化、传统产业的信息化改造、重大装备国产化,以及西部大开发过程中通信、交通、电网等基础设施的建设和广播电视、教育等行业的现代化发展步伐的加快,这些都将为我国信息产业稳定增长奠定良好基础。 目前,我国已形成了以微型机生产为主体,在主机、外设、应用产品、网络产品、零配件与耗材等5大类硬件产品方面,具有大规模生产配套能力的工业体系,在某些计算机产品领域如显示器等已成为世界上最主要的生产基地,同时由于中国在劳动力成本方面的比较优势,加入WTO后由于政府市场准入承诺的履行而导致外国直接投资的急剧增加,全球IT业 持续不景气和大规模裁员导致大量技术和管理人才成为“海归派”,为国内电子信息业走向国际化提供了很好的发展机遇,但由于缺乏像‘千年虫’或是网络泡沫那样的强大的市场推动力,而短时期内国内厂商开拓国际市场的能力不足,依然以内需为主,所以计算机和相关设备制造行业在下半年不会出现2000年那样的高速成长,有可能保持20%左右的增长率,高于去年的成长率。 下半年软件产业将继续高速增长,应用软件仍将扮演主力军角色。企业信息化、社会生产信息化加快、政府政策支持、互联网下的以多媒体为载体的教育、影像、游戏等软件市场需求扩大,以上多种因素都为中国软件业快速发展提供了良好的外部环境。据估计,2002年中国软件市场销售额预计达到357亿元,增速为25.3%。 我国的,,服务市场将面对着巨大的市场需求,一是大量涌入的外企急需组建在中国的信息化管理中心,而更大的市场则来自国内企业的信息化建设。这表明中国的服务市场增长潜力巨大。同时,我国的,,服务市场日益成熟。激烈的行业竞争和专业化分工的趋势使传统企业无暇、无力也不愿意再为,,建设耗费更多的精力,将企业的,,需求整体外包成为了一种趋势。他们不再关心具体的产品和技术,而更注重,,应用的具体效果。他们希望专业的,,服务商能满足他们从前瞻性业务咨询、,,战略规划、,,架构实施到系统管理维护与技术支持的立体化需求,再加上用户服务消费观念的进步,增值服务意识的从无到有,中国,,服务市场的前景非常诱人,预计今年增长幅度会高于2001年,约为26.8%,且在行业中的比重将继续提高。 总的来看,2002年,我国计算机总体市场规模预计可达3300亿元,比2001年同期增长22.2,。 2002年我国IT产品市场预测 市场构成销售额(亿元)增长率(,) 硬件2380 19.6 软件400 33.3 信息服务520 26.8 合计3300 22.2 1.3未来几年行业的发展 1.3.1强大的社会内需将拉动中国IT市场的快速稳定增长 预计在未来几年中,国际经济将逐步走向回升,国际电子信息产业呈现缓慢复苏的势态,在加入世贸的推动下,中国IT市场与国际市场全面接轨,以信息化带动工业化的国家发展战略的贯彻执行,电子政府、企业信息化、城市信息化等一系列重大信息化工程的实施,有力地推动着中国国民经济和社会信息化的加速发展,同时进一步加快西部大开发的步伐。在未来5年内,中国将以发展高新技术、特别是信息技术带动经济增长,以实现国内生产总值年均增长7%的预期目标,强大的社会内需将拉动着中国IT市场的快速稳定增长。 1.3.2中国IT市场的巨大的发展潜力 我国的各行业信息化水平较低,中国北京、上海等大城市个人电脑普及率不到30%,全国则不足10%,Internet的普及和国民经济信息化的加速都对计算机产品产生持续的市场需求,中国计算机市场仍是世界上潜力最大的市场。今后若干年内,面对世界跨国企业进入中国的挑战,国内金融、保险、电信以及一些传统行业将会加快行业的信息化建设步伐,加大在IT设备上的投入,以尽快提高自己的信息化水平,增强竞争力;西部大开发计划已逐步进入实施阶段,国家也继续在政策上向其倾斜,西部地区通信、交通、电网等基础设施的建设和广播电视、教育等行业的现代化发展都将为IT产业带来巨大的商机。同时2001年中国北京申奥成功,今后5-6年内,北京市将会投入巨资改善基础设施,加快现代化建设步伐,这也会在一定程度上拉动IT业的增长。 1.3.3我国IT制造方面的优势明显 经过20年的发展,PC正从一个技术主导型产业走向一个消费主导型产业,其中一个基本的特点是生产和技术成本在总成本中的比重很小,而产品销售成本占到总成本的60%,70%,这种成本结构与店铺经营、脆弱的家电业成本结构非常相似,这也意味着用家电模式做PC具有可行性。从我国家电产业的发展来看,我国在世界格局中有不可动摇的优势,这也是国外一些IT巨头纷纷将生产制造中心转移到中国的主要原因了,目前在我国的珠江三角洲和长江三角洲地区,已经形成了IT产业的聚集效应,IT制造产业的规模不断发展,并将带动上游和下游产业以及相关服务业的发展壮大,年增长率将保持在18%以上。 1.3.4中国软件和信息服务市场将继续保持30%左右的增长率 中国软件和信息服务市场将保持快速增长的发展态势,将继续保持在30%左右的增长率,未来几年仍将成为中国IT市场的强劲拉动力。中国政府在去年6月向全国各地区政府布了“18号文件”,即《鼓励软件产业和集成电路产业发展的若干政策》。其主要内容是着眼于国内市场与国际市场,将人才培养与国产软件的开发作为重点,争取到2005年达到2500亿元的产业规模,实现软件出口20亿美元,培养出100个以上的软件品牌,有80万名人员从事开发工作。从发展来看软件技术,目前正处在逐渐地走向大众化时期,应该说较硬件发展的较慢,信息服务的成熟将会滞后于硬件和软件的发展,目前软件产品的技术大众化趋势还不明显,而软件产品市场会由导入期走向成长期,由于内需的不断拉动,整个软件和信息服务市场,未来几年仍将快速增长。 根据赛迪顾问依据数学模型对今后几年中国计算机市场的规模的定量预测,表明在2002,2005年,中国计算机市场销售额将以22.0%的年均复合增长率保持快速的增长态势。从各种产品来看,计算机硬件市场复合增长率为19.6%,而软件和信息服务增长率分别为27.3%和27.7%。2002,2005年中国计算机市场规模预测(单位:亿元)产品2002年2003年2004年2005年年均复合增长率硬件2080 2497 3074 3719 19.6%软件360.2 460 583 748 27.3%信息服务501 639 822 1070 27.7%计算机市场2941 3596 4479 5537 22.0% 2计算机类公司财务分析 2.1 12002年中期计算机类公司的基本财务数据股票简称每股收益存货周转率主营利润率净资产收益率经营现金流量[万元]流动比率速动比率资产负债率每股净资产总资产[万元] 主营收入[万元]主营利润[万元]深科技,(相关,行情)0.036 5.21 6.63 1.16 -2,609.82 3.44 2.99 48.86 3.133 459,661.54 238,980.43 15,855.66长城电脑0.229 1.56 5.74 8.15 -2,462.11 1.31 1.00 43.91 2.805 230,917.75 65,165.44 3,742.20海虹控股(相关,行 情)0.1204 1.05 57.46 8.59 572.61 1.29 1.03 46.18 1.4006 94,723.85 16,706.10 9,598.55甬成功(相关,行情)0.156 2.61 24.00 2.88 -2430.21 2.52 2.37 35.60 5.43 126,657.98 21291.7 5109.97托普软件(相关,行情)0.15 1.82 9.84 2.58 -7,181.06 2.45 2.19 39.58 相关,行情)-0.0685 1.01 23.80 -12.97 5.87 239,284.00 34,944.72 3,439.36 ST东方( -12,477.08 0.94 0.81 70.89 0.527 169,221.95 18,649.48 4,438.65湘计算机(相关,行 情)0.058 0.92 27.34 1.44 -5,787.62 3.79 2.89 19.39 4.043 146,310.06 31,228.21 8,536.39创智科技(相关,行情)0.1018 1.22 39.56 2.69 8912.45 2.72 2.45 31.23 3.79 142,433.65 22,227.14 8,793.00炎黄在线(相关,行情)0.1044 3.93 17.07 5.91 -2103.97 0.98 0.74 53.77 1.7658 23486.45 8804.75 1502.67隆源双登(相关,行情)0.127 1.35 51.81 4.23 -5,279.10 1.45 1.27 51.44 3 39,543.55 12,274.38 6,359.49天大天财(相关,行 情)0.174 2.51 9.36 2.29 -9,591.23 1.74 1.29 35.40 7.78 211,048.55 60,697.19 5,683.97中信国安(相关,行情)0.17 2.07 30.03 4.22 -8,491.39 1.49 1.32 39.75 3.9535 445,525.45 40,756.41 12,239.63和光商务(相关,行情)0.08 2.70 9.24 3.81 -7,719.30 1.42 1.17 66.50 2.17 95,173.06 42,482.29 3,926.71清华紫光0.01 1.64 12.35 0.35 -12799.35 2.05 1.19 34.70 2.937 98,081.86 59298.17 7323.62南天信息(相关,行情)0.11 0.89 25.54 3.03 -30,606.67 2.58 1.34 33.47 3.51 77,733.92 27,818.35 7,104.73浪潮信息(相关,行 情)0.0794 2.08 12.99 2.06 -1,253.47 3.19 2.62 25.39 3.85 122,283.75 39,078.47 相关,行情)0.13 1.41 26.36 2.51 -1,701.72 5.10 4.16 14.39 5.28 5,075.68新大陆( 73,834.76 16,846.53 4,440.51清华同方0.243 1.56 16.76 4.93 3,597.76 2.12 1.46 38.30 4.929 561,635.00 222,820.74 37,343.45鼎天科技(相关,行情)-0.25 5.73 0.85 -21.86 850.99 0.77 0.67 79.02 1.14 41,184.60 28,258.57 239.1019海星科技(相关,行情)0.0471 1.45 14.96 1.82 -4,223.00 1.70 1.48 34.50 2.5894 82,315.37 13,908.31 2,080.31亿 阳信通0.295 0.90 41.85 3.40 6,390.90 1.94 1.69 34.42 8.69 144,077.30 20,089.99 8,407.89宏智科技0.1041 0.00 32.77 2.47 29.73 6.05 5.48 15.65 4.22 55,013.76 10,881.37 3,565.75中软股份0.23 0.00 33.76 4.42 -3,822.14 9.74 8.67 10.12 5.08 47,756.95 16,921.96 5,712.58用友软件0.4 7.79 90.58 3.85 1,544 12.46 12.43 7.27 10.42 112,765.30 20,490.44 18,561.04方正科技0.152 4.25 11.54 8.82 -17,812.90 1.16 0.92 72.07 1.725 241,391.39 203,739.49 23,516.56永生数据(相关,行情)-0.1152 0.34 16.28 -7.57 748.10 1.28 1.26 35.34 1.52 36,253.26 569.6202 92.7232 ST国嘉(相关, 行情)-0.1517 0.52 21.26 -36.60 -901.56 0.95 0.95 90.12 0.4146 83,016.15 319.2975 67.8872青鸟天桥(相关,行情)0.16 1.45 44.15 3.54 25,502.03 2.24 2.07 54.90 4.617 385,217.77 49,380.15 21,802.50新宇软件(相关,行情)0.012 2.82 21.18 0.62 -1,792.45 1.80 1.50 35.58 1.86 35,637.17 9,413.05 1,993.91实达电脑0.0364 1.60 16.81 2.16 -8,551.04 1.37 0.93 62.60 1.6819 160,598.40 91,445.76 15,374.49浙大网新0.13 3.02 15.22 4.38 -19,824.73 1.58 1.23 48.31 2.91 215,233.21 78,689.75 11,979.77 ST龙 科(相关,行情)0.0117 0.05 84.48 0.68 -2,740.48 1.28 1.04 50.32 1.711 146,740.82 6,813.87 5,756.28宝信软件(相关,行情)0.1 7.88 22.04 9.16 -2,532.23 2.64 2.30 26.18 1.1 40,576.35 24,969.78 5,502.78华东电脑(相关,行情)-0.0973 4.34 11.53 -7.86 -3,558.71 1.35 1.18 59.90 1.2389 57,817.09 34,450.52 3,972.48航天长峰(相关,行 情)0.054 0.74 36.05 4.16 -1069.16 1.56 1.03 38.71 1.294 33,902.11 7,062.98 2,546.32富邦科技(相关,行情)0.013 2.32 31.11 1.04 -1,839.47 3.13 3.03 23.64 1.295 33,971.54 2,868.61 892.4314宝信,(相关,行情)0.1 7.88 22.04 9.16 -2,532.23 2.64 2.30 26.18 1.1 40,576.35 24,969.78 5,502.78平均0.08761 2.40 26.33 0.91 -3663.40 2.60 2.23 41.45 3.26 144637.89 43927.40 7785.99 2.2财务数据分析 2002年中期上市公司整体业绩有所下滑:主营业务收入同比增长5.46,、主营业务利润同比增长4.68,、利润总额同比下降12.87,、净利润同比下降19.24,、投资收益同比下降20.76,,上市公司每股收益为0.078元,同比2001年中期的每股0.103元下降23.91,,所有行业的每股收益均是下降的。 由上表的财务数据可看出,计算机类公司的平均每股收益为0.0876元,比沪深两市的平均水平略高,但比去年有较大下滑,在全部行业中下降的幅度也是较大的。下降的原因首先是由于财务计提的政策的严格,使今年中报的水分较少,同时还有大的宏观背景的影响,如全球经济的衰退,国内的通货紧缩的持续等。再加上行业的竞争的加剧,使得公司的经营费用和管理费用上升很快,吞噬了大量的主营业务利润,使得每股收益大幅下降。 在所有的计算机类公司中,软件类上市公司的财务指标明显要好于硬件类的上市公司,主要表现在每股收益,资产负债率和主营业务利润率等指标上。但在净资产收益率上软件公司并不占优势,表明软件类公司经营较为稳健,在行业的激烈竞争下,也不敢大上新的项目。特别值得关注的是在中期报告中经营活动产生的现金流量净额只有清华同方、亿阳信通、青鸟天桥、用友软件等少数公司为正值,其余基本上都为负值,其主要的原因和行业的特性有关,许多公司的收入要在下半年确认。 除了几家ST公司外,计算机类公司的负债率都不是很高,流动比率和速动比率等指标也基本上在正常的范围。鼎天科技的几项指标严重恶化,资产负债率79%,经营现金流为负值,同时流动比率和速动比率也超出警戒线,经营前景堪忧。方正科技和实达电脑的负债率偏高,同时速动比率小于1,但考虑他们的整体指标和硬件行业的特性,表明在主营利润率偏低的情况下,公司运用财务杠杆能力较强,取得了较好的净资产收益率,也表明其销售情况良好,特别是方正科技,但是经营现金流量表明回款情况不够好,经营也存在一定的风险。 3行业投资建议 从前面的分析和预测来看,我国的计算机制造和软件和信息服务业的发展前景相当看好,按照赛迪顾问的预测,计算机硬件市场复合增长率为19.6%,而软件和信息服务增长率分别为27.3%和27.7%,而按照业内某些专家的预测软件和信息服务增长率将高达30%,前景更是诱人,但具体到在沪深上市的相关公司上,其发展态势却要具体分析。 3.1计算机类上市公司的行业代表性不太够 按2001年末上市公司年报披露的数据,信息技术类上市公司占整个信息技术行业的比重同其他行业相比处于中等水平,其中主营业务收入总额所占比重为13.89%,净资产总额所占比重为26.73%,利润总额所占比重为11.14%,资产总额所占比重为22.33%,固定资产净值总额所占比重为15.9%,而从公司的收益能力等指标来看,上司公司的净资产收益率、销售利润率、成本费用利润率均比全行业要低,这些数据表明上市公司的行业代表性不太够, 而且行业中还有更好的公司没有在上市公司之列,这主要是因为大多数行业中百强企业是新技术产业,发展起步相对较晚,市场认可及股份制改造还需进一步成熟,规模企业发行上市还需逐步进行。 3.2计算机类上市公司二级市场的表现落后于大盘 计算机类上市公司近两年的二级市场的表现落后于大盘,从2000年开始基本上是以下跌为主,大部分公司的跌幅在50%以上,主要原因是在1999年的科技股革命和2000年的网络热潮中计算机类公司的涨幅过大,而且许多的计算机公司通过借壳上市,使许多的绩差的公司‘乌鸡变凤凰’,但重组和借壳上市后公司的资产质量并不好,资产净值不高,原来的历史包袱很重,因此在高位产生了较多的套牢盘后,走上了漫长价值回归之路。从根本上也反映了这些公司的成长性被市场透支炒作,而且反映出计算机行业从高速成长转入了相对稳定的成长期。 从计算机类公司2001年的业绩和2002年中期业绩预告来看,软件公司的每股收益、净利润率、主营收入增长率等三项主要指标均是硬件类公司的一倍以上。从产业发展状况来看,2001年我国计算机PC硬件销售增长16,,低于前年34,增速,而软件产业销售增速仍接近28,,高速增长态势依旧。考虑到我国软件与服务市场份额仅占全球软件销售市场的1.5,左右,以及软件市场占到计算机总体销售的20,,与全球软件占计算机总体50,比例相比,国内软件产业仍有较大的增长潜力。 从今年一季度季报情况看,计算机板块主营收入继续增长,但板块盈利能力继2001年滑坡之后仍处在较快的下降通道之中。平均主营收入为2.32亿元,与去年同季度相比增长 ,,下降速度在加快,平均净利润仅占200112.48,。平均净利润450万元,同比下降34 年度净利润的8.5,。 3.3硬件类的上市公司利润率还将保持在较低的水平,但还有发展空间 对于硬件类的上市公司来说,由于受到来自国内的强敌如联想公司等和来自国外的IT巨头如戴尔和IBM等公司的激烈竞争,经营压力相当大,利润率将保持在较低的水平,对于销量在30万台以下的公司来说,亏损将不可避免。有业内人士指称目前的计算机制造业的状况正如前两年的家电行业,而有关PC市场衰退的传闻不断。但是宏基、浪潮、四通、长城等一批企业重新杀回PC市场;不仅如此,新的投资者也不断涌入,新的细分市场催生了笔记本、移动PC、平板PC等形态各异的产品,表明市场前景并非一片黑暗。 随着中国加入世贸和行业的利润的下降,由于在PC产业链条上,中国在制造环节仍然具有相当的优势,计算机制造业将如同我国的家电行业一样走向复苏,这已经可从IBM公司放弃在机器制造方面同国内企业的竞争,而专著于品牌的开拓和信息服务领域看出端倪,而且随着国内公司注重品牌的经营和国际市场的拓展,相信在几年后会看到计算机硬件出口的大增,并在稳定增长的国内需求支持下走向新的快速成长。值得关注的是国内市场排名居前的龙头公司如方正科技、清华同方、长城电脑、实达电脑和清华紫光等。 3.4软件和信息服务类公司前景较好 3.4.1竞争加剧导致行业利润下降 在软件和信息服务类方面,国内软件企业相对规模较小,与国际知名企业存有较大差距,缺乏具有自主知识产权的软件产品,主要以内需为主,软件和服务的出口所占比重很小。目前大部分软件上市公司主要业务是系统集成,核心竞争力并不突出。各公司为了保持业务增长,营业费用增长迅速,随竞争加剧,行业平均利润逐步下降。 3.4.2面对跨国公司加快在中国软件市场的本地化进程的压力和机遇 从去年底到今年上半年,IBM、微软、Oracle、摩托罗拉等跨国公司纷纷加快在中国软件市场的本地化进程。这些本地化工作表现在其产品本地化、服务本地化,以及人员管理的本地化。上演“本地化”大战的根本原因就是:中国加入了WTO、中国经济持续不断地快速增长、国发[2000]18号文件对软件发展的支持等等,使软件在中国具有越来越好地发展环境;未来2008年北京数字奥运、现在中国政府采购的实施将给软件带来无限商机。特别是政府采购,它在很大程度上催化了“本地化”大战的发生。中国加入WTO后,国内软件企业与跨国软件企业在同等条件下进行竞争时,由于资金不足、人才匮乏、没有核心技术让许多企业处于下风。但是跨国公司进入中国软件市场,将使中国软件产业真正融入国际软件产业,从而拥有了发展成为现代软件产业的机会,中国软件企业由此也有机会加入到全球软件产业链条中。跨国公司本地化开发、采购更会带动中国软件企业走向国际市场。在全球经济一体化的背景下,跨国软件企业在华投资、建立合资企业、本地化采购,还会引起经济上的连锁反应,拉动软件出口,给中国软件创造出新的经济增长点。中国软件企业在面对新一轮的“本地化”浪潮时,可以采取三种策略:一是在合作中共生,如联想、中软、用友等企业就是采用这种做法;二是寻求成为跨国公司分工体系中的一员,中小企业多采取此策略;三是在竞争中成长,如中科红旗、金山等软件企业。 3.4.3国内软件企业在行业应用软件和ERP类软件市场发展看好 在中国软件市场,国外品牌的产品仍然占据高端系统软件、数据库软件的绝大部分市场份额,并占据中间件、行业应用软件、ERP软件的大部分市场份额;国内品牌产品则在ERP和财务管理软件、防杀毒软件、中文信息处理软件及部分行业应用领域占据优势。 在今后几年,随着我国信息化进程的不但深入,行业应用软件和ERP类软件的需求发展势头很猛,主要表现在政府的电子政务,电信业的计费、容灾、安全需求,银行业推进网络化和银行卡通用,证券业的集中化和网上交易的发展,能源业加快电子商务进程,社保业的应用和解决方案,交通业从硬件转向软件和应用采购,教育业的校园网和教育信息服务,从目前来看金融和电信行业是主要的市场,这从上半年两大行业由于种种原因减少和推迟某些项目的投资,使得一些相应的行业软件公司业绩下滑,但从下半年来看相关项目的推出会使情况有所好转。目前国内软件企业纷纷向行业应用软件和ERP类软件方向转型,这也是各公司的财务费用上涨较快的原因。而从目前的趋势来看,国内企业在这个方面发展较好,据有关统计,用友软件在国内ERP市场的份额已排在了第一位。此外,进军金融类行业的亿阳信通,进军社保行业的东软股份、创智科技、浙大网新等公司值得关注。 2.4.4面向出口,开拓国际市场 而北京软件出口联盟下设的方正软件产品出口联盟的成立,表明我国软件企业充分认识到软件“单打时代”已成过去,只有联合起来参与国际软件市场竞争,才能具备承接大型国 际软件开发项目的能力,企业才有更大的发展机会。象东软股份、浙大网新等建立大型面向出口的软件园,未来发展前景较好。 2.5计算机类公司存在下列一些投资机会 1)随着国际IT制造业中心向中国转移,和中国加入世贸后国际市场的开拓,目前在行业中排名靠前的,有良好的品牌形象的公司,在将来有稳定成长的潜力,如清华同方、方正科技、实达电脑、长城电脑、清华紫光等公司。 2)在上市的软件类公司中,仅有中软股份、东软股份、用友软件、亿阳信通、宏智科技等少数公司以IPO形式上市,其余公司通过借壳上市,而借壳上市的炎黄在线、新宇软件、浪潮软件(相关,行情)等每股资本公积金、每股净资产较低,而以高价首发上市的用友软件、亿阳信通和曾高价增发的托普软件等每股资本公积金高,有能力采用转增股本方式迅速扩张,而从这些公司的定位来看,目前市盈率也相对高于市场的平均市盈率,但是考虑到未来软件市场的高速成长性,建议关注上市后未进行过大比例送配的公司,如中软股份、用友软件、亿阳信通和宏智科技。同时,从公司经营的稳健性和发展方向上,建议关注东软股份和浙大网新。 3)从计算机类公司的二级市场表现来看,目前基本上处于较低的位置,考虑到同其他行业相比,行业的成长速度还是较快的,而且加入WTO后,国际IT产业加速向中国转移,目前的上市公司面临着很多的重组和整合的可能,而且既有来自国内行业内外的公司,也包括国外的大型,,公司,可关注新太科技等。 4重点公司分析 600728新太科技: 2002年中期每股收益0.060元,每股公积金2.298元,每股净资产3.974元,净资产收益率1.500,。主营业务收入和净利润分别比去年同期下降了20.82,和43,,但公司基本面有较大变化的可能,首先,新太科技完成了远洋渔业资产的剥离,将主营业务转为信息产业,其次,新太科技在信息产业有较好的客户基础和良好的获利能力,在2002年上半年,由于中国电信拆分,中国移动、中国联通(相关,行情)下调投资规模,这些使得电信运营商的整体投资规模比2001年同期下降了30至50,,许多电信类的上市公司业绩也出现了大幅度下滑。在如此恶劣的市场条件下,新太科技2002上半年的信息产业收入仍比去年同期增长了41.31,,显示出良好的市场拓展能力。随着中国电信拆分的完成,相关投资项目可能会在2002年下半年起动,新太科技有望取得更好的业绩。另外,从二级市场走势上看,在今年初出现一波放量后,一直保持着稳健上行的态势,底部逐渐抬高,目前有盘出长期下降通道,加速上行的可能,结合当前的成交量放大的配合,建议可重点关注。 600588用友软件: 2002年中期每股收益0.40元,每股公积金8.832元,每股净资产10.424元,净资产收益率3.85,,流通股2500万股。用友软件作为国内财务软件的巨头,在市场上有很强的竞争力,尤其是成功高价发行A股获得了大量的资金后,用友频频出击、实施资本扩张战略:收购华表公司、与世界领先的ERP/EAM软件企业IFS携手成立合资公司。通过资本运作,用 友在产品、市场的发展方面大大加快了步伐,同更成功地实现了公司由财务软件产品和服务提供商向管理软件/ERP软件解决方案、产品和服务提供商的全面升级,并取得了明显的成效。2002年中报显示,该公司实现主营业务收入20490.44万元,净利润4011.88万元,比上年同期分别增长54%和38%。日前,据国内权威市场研究机构“计世资讯”日前发布了《2001,2002年中国管理软件市场研究年度报告》,用友软件以绝对领先的优势夺得国内管理软件品牌占有率第一名,管理软件市场占有率达15.5%。此外,用友还获得国产ERP软件市场占有率第一名(13.6%),财务软件市场占有率第一名(26.9%),品牌覆盖率第一名(33.1%)。由于我国信息化进程的加快,管理软件市场前景看好,同时由于该公司在业内的主导地位,公司与国外大型软件公司合作开拓国内和国外市场的可能性也较大,该公司的发展前景值得看好。从二级市场来看,该股票从上市初最高100元的天价下跌到今年初的43元后,逐步企稳,底部逐步抬高,有形成大双底的可能,如后市有效突破颈线位,后市空间较大。 600536中软股份: 2002年中期每股收益0.225元,每股公积金3.614元,每股净资产5.081元,净资产收益率4.420,,流通股3000万股。公司为上半年新上市的公司,共募集资金3亿多元,募集资金投向的项目比较具体和实在,可为公司的发展提供较为稳定的收入来源,募集资金投资项目资金预计将于今年下半年及2003年陆续投入,2003年底之前将全部投入营运,公司的资产规模迅速增加,募投项目效益的陆续产生,将对公司的经营业绩产生积极的影响。公司报告期内实现的主营业务收入和净利润与去年同期相比,分别增长62.56%、39.1%,公司经营保持稳定增长。同时,财务报表显示公司主营业务收入比重突出,资产负债率较低,净现金流量充足。公司的主营收入主要来源于行业应用软件及信息系统集成,由于公司背靠第一大股东中国计算机软件与技术服务总公司,有较好的技术支持背景和业内的良好声誉,对公司在该领域的业务拓展有很大的帮助。同时在国家加强信息化建设和政府采购国产系统软件的有利条件,公司系统软件、支撑软件的市场拓展工作将有较好的前景。从二级市场的表现来看,由于市场环境不太好,上市后的定位不太高,在探底25.63后一直在27-29元之间波动,近期有可能逐渐脱离底部区间,同时公司的总股本和流通盘都较小,有股本扩张能力,可关注。 600756浪潮软件: 2002年中期每股收益0.148元,每股公积金0.034元,每股净资产1.803元,净资产收益率8.18,流通股6870.24万股。公司的主营业务为软件及系统集成业务,主业相当突出,上半年由于受全球经济不景气的影响,国内IT行业竞争日趋激烈,公司经营压力加大。但是上半年控股公司浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司加大了旗下的计算机产业的整合,公司的资本运作频繁,索道资产剥离出公司,同时上半年公司通报了发起成立山东浪潮森亚网络技术有限公司,收购浪潮通软、深圳天和成,其中,浪潮通软主要从事分行业ERP、管理软件和财务软件等的开发和销售等业务,深圳天和成主要从事计算机软硬件产品的销售、国内商业、物资供销、进出口等业务。同时出资2550万元与韩国LG CNS有限公司合资成立浪潮乐金信息系统有限责任公司,经营范围为:计算机和信息系统服务项目、信息处理技术服务项目。浪潮通软等资产的注入,使公司以软件产业为主线,加快由产品供应商向整体解决方案供应商的转变,对公司的进一步发展有较大的促进作用,同时与国外实力公司的合资合作,将使公司整体竞争能力不断提高。从二级市场的表现来看,该股经过一年多的长期下跌,在探明13.05的底部后,一路震荡攀升,成交量配合良好,后市可关注 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.
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