英语48个音标有哪些？元音辅音字母组合单词举例

单元音(12个) /i:/ ee feet sheep need feel teeth feed teeth /i / i big fit hit pig sit bit lit sick ill ea read neat tea meat sea clean beat y happy tidy carry body sorry lily (ee字母组合一定发长音/i:/) / u: / oo school room food noodles pool moon / u / oo book cook took look foot good (oo在字母k前面一定发短音/ u /) /ə :/ ir bird girl shirt third thirsty skirt sir /ə / er teacher mother Peter sister other ur purple nurse burger turn surf fur a ago China panda umbrella about /ɔ:/ or horse short fork for torch lord /ɔ/ o dog hot not doctor frog dot hobby al all wall ball tall call fall au because Paul naughty daughter aw draw saw paw hawk law raw /a:/ ar far farm car star arm garden /,/ o brother other mother onion another a pass ask glass grass class after u bus cut shut cup drug nut blunt /æ/ a bad cat apple back sad rat map /e/ e leg desk neck net bed let bet Ted ea bread head ahead dead thread threat 双元音(8个) /ai/ i bike like wide side time kite /ei/ a take make face game late lake igh high sight light bright fight right ay today say day play stay lay y my by cry fly why sky shy ai rain train gain pain wait paid / ɔɪ / oy boy toy joy Roy annoy enjoy / uə / poor tour moor tourist sure February oi noise join oil boil soil point / iə / ear tear dear cheer clear near beer steer /ɛə / air air pair fair hair chair stair a are care square scare share rare where wear pear bear /au/ ou out mouth south about around house /əu / o so no hope nose home rode close ow how now cow town bow down ow bowl snow blow window slow low 辅音:(28个) 清辅音 (有气无声) 浊辅音 (有声无气) [p] park[pɑ:k] pack[pæk] [b] be[bi:] baby [’beibi] [t] tea[ti:] talk[tɔ:k] [d] dog[dɔɡ] dad[dæd] [k] keep [ki:p] bank[bæŋk] [g] bag[bæɡ] go[ɡəu] [f] face [feis] free[fri:] [v] give[ɡiv] above[ə’b?v] [?] shirt [?ə:t] action['æk?ən] [ʒ] job[dʒɔb] join[dʒɔin] [s] sit [sit] say[sei] [z] zoo[zu:] amaze[ə’meiz] [θ] think[θiŋk] nothing[’n?θiŋ] [ð] father[’fɑ:ðə] together[tə’ɡeðə] [ts] cats[kæts] lots[lɔts] [dz] beds[bedz] birds[bə:dz] [tr] tree[tri:] try[trai] [dr] address[ə’dres] draw[drɔ:] [t?] such[s?t?] match[mæt?] [dʒ] object[əb’ dʒikt] age[eidʒ] [m] map [mæp] me[mi:, mi] [n] win[win] thin[θin] [l] let[let] lead[led] [ŋ] pink[piŋk] thing[θiŋ] [r] red[red] reach[ri:t?] [h] hi[hai] he [hi:, i] [w] wedding[’wediŋ] water[’wɔ:tə] [j] yes[jes] year[jiə:] 1. 国际音标共有48个音素，分为元音音素和辅音音素 2. 元音音素有20个，分单元音和双元音两类。 单元音(12个) /a:/ /,/ /ɔ:/ /ɔ/ /ə :/ /ə / /i:/ /i / / u: / / u //æ/ /e/ /i:/ ee sheep need (ee字母组合一定发长音/i:/) /i / i big pig ea read tea y happy tidy / u: / oo school room / u / oo book cook (oo在字母k前面一定发短音/ u /) /ə :/ ir bird girl /ə / er teacher mother ur purple nurse a China panda /ɔ:/ or horse short /ɔ/ o dog hot al all wall au because naughty aw draw saw /a:/ ar far farm /,/ o brother mother a pass ask u bus cup /æ/ a cat apple /e/ e leg desk ea bread head 双元音(8个) /ai/ i bike like /ei/ a take make igh light right ay today say y my by ai rain train / ɔi / oy boy toy / uə / poor sure oi noise point / iə / ear clear near / eə / air hair chair are care share /au/ ou out mouth / əu / o so no ow how ow snow window old cold told (字母o在字母 ld前发/ əu /) 5. 辅音音素28个，按声带振动与否可分为清辅音因素和浊辅音因素 (10个)清辅音:/p/ /f/ /t/ /k/ /s/ /,/ /ts/ /tr/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ (10个)浊辅音:/b/ /v/ /d/ /g/ /z/ /ð/ /dz/ /dr/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/