油漆的危害与预防

油漆的危害与预防 油漆，很少人会留意到油漆的危害。现在可知的油漆的危害大致有几种物质:分别是甲醛、苯、TVOC等等。 一、油漆的危害有哪些 1、有机溶剂的毒性 人若长时间吸入有机溶剂之蒸气将会引起慢性中毒的现象，但短时间暴露高浓度有机溶剂蒸气之下，也会有急性中毒致命的危险。在工业卫生上，有机溶剂对人体之危害与溶剂的挥发性具有密切的关系。在常温下，低挥发性溶剂在空气中不易造成危险。其他对人体危害有关系者尚有溶剂之脂溶性，反应性、含杂质情形、人体吸收之方式及途径、人体之代谢速率、累积情形、个体感受及敏感性、暴露时间之长短等。 are some differences in level of development of the various modes of transport, leading to traffic levels have a greater imbalance. Yibin city, based on the 2008 ~2013 year of external transport of passenger and cargo traffic volume statistics. 2008 ~2013 year, Yibin city, external table 3.1-1 railways roads water transport passenger traffic passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) in 2008 ~2013 year, Yibin city, external transport railways roads water transport traffic statistics 3.1-2 time of air cargo 2、油漆中最大危害来自甲醛 油漆的主要成分是油料、树脂、颜料、稀料、辅料。而油漆中添加的甲醛是有其中最大的危害。甲醛虽然不是油漆的主要成分，他作为油漆的一部反，保护油漆的质量，呈现刷漆后的光亮。甲醛对皮肤和粘膜有强烈刺激作用，是原浆毒物与蛋白结合，在体内能生成甲醛，对视网膜有较强的损害。 3:我国目前使用的油漆类涂料主要为油酯漆、酚醛树酯漆、硝基漆、过氧乙烯漆、丙烯酸漆、聚胺酯漆、聚酯漆等。在涂料中常用的有机溶剂为脂肪烃混合物，如芳香烃类、酮类、醚类、醇类等。在油漆中含有苯、游离甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、有害重金属(铅、镉、锰)等有毒有害物质。油漆中的有机化合物可通过呼吸道、皮肤等进入人体。油漆做为化工产品，成分复杂。有害物质主要侵犯神经系统、造血系统和肝脏器官，引起机体不同组织和器官的损害 4:现阶段我国具有规模生产的涂料企业在生产建筑类涂料中，都使用环保原料，因此对生产过程中操作者的健康并无太大无害，但是叶子接触过的粉末涂料企业，在生产过程中，对健康的危害性较大，因为粉末涂料的原料均为粉体，小规模企业由于生产设备的限制，在生产过程中，原料飞溅的现象是常见的，而粉末涂料中使用的部分颜料，都是微细的粉体，普通的防护措施并不能阻碍细小粉体进入工人的呼吸系统。油漆生产过程are some differences in level of development of the various modes of transport, leading to traffic levels have a greater imbalance. Yibin city, based on the 2008 ~2013 year of external transport of passenger and cargo traffic volume statistics. 2008 ~2013 year, Yibin city, external table 3.1-1 railways roads water transport passenger traffic passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) in 2008 ~2013 year, Yibin city, external transport railways roads water transport traffic statistics 3.1-2 time of air cargo 中，要使用溶剂型溶剂作为原料，部分溶剂具有挥发性，将对工人身体造成伤害。 二、怎么预防油漆的危害 1:杜绝使用假冒伪劣产品;改革工艺和进行技术改造;使用低毒或无毒溶剂代替有毒或高毒溶剂;加大企业对职业卫生的资金投入;把职业病有害因素的浓度控制在国家职业卫生标准以内;执行就业前体检和就业后定期体检制度;教育工人增强自我保护意识;在作业过程中尽可能打开门窗，加强通风排毒 are some differences in level of development of the various modes of transport, leading to traffic levels have a greater imbalance. Yibin city, based on the 2008 ~2013 year of external transport of passenger and cargo traffic volume statistics. 2008 ~2013 year, Yibin city, external table 3.1-1 railways roads water transport passenger traffic passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) in 2008 ~2013 year, Yibin city, external transport railways roads water transport traffic statistics 3.1-2 time of air cargo 2:油漆作业时应戴口罩和防毒面具、戴手套、穿好工作服，工作完成后及时洗净身体接触油漆部位;发现就业禁忌者不宜从事油漆工作。做好以上各项工作，油漆工发生中毒事件的几率将会大大降低，油漆工“人人享有职业卫生”的权益才能得到保证。因此，要更好地维护油漆工的权益，降低油漆对油漆工的危害，更大程序上预防控制油漆工职业病有害因素的产生。 3:在飞速发展的社会中，我们在享受高科技带来的新技术同时，也要关注生产过程中的职业病保护。涂料行业作为生产行业，自然也要重视员工的身体健康，安全生产，生产出安全的产品。 设装本部 2014.01.05 are some differences in level of development of the various modes of transport, leading to traffic levels have a greater imbalance. Yibin city, based on the 2008 ~2013 year of external transport of passenger and cargo traffic volume statistics. 2008 ~2013 year, Yibin city, external table 3.1-1 railways roads water transport passenger traffic passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) share (%) Passenger traffic (million) in 2008 ~2013 year, Yibin city, external transport railways roads water transport traffic statistics 3.1-2 time of air cargo