(最新)PETS5辅导

(最新)PETS5辅导 PETS5辅导 1( 时间 第一次考试定于每年6月的第四个星期六; 第二次考试定于每年12月的第三个星期六。 2( PETS5综述 全国英语等级考试1,5到总体来说分为听力、英语知识、应用阅读、写作、口语。 听力:技巧尽在多听多练中 对于听力，大家要注意，听懂与听不懂最关键的，可能就在于一个中的单词不认识。因为在句子当中，可能会出现连读、失爆、吞音等状态。平常在听的时候要注意模仿，背诵一些有用的句型。如果短期内提高听力有难度，平常要多注意认真去听带子，模仿带子，听任何东西都是要先听，再去看，先培养听的感觉，打开看一下，跟你听的有什么差异，再合上书去练，反复去练。读句子中的连读、失爆、吞音等要注意简单的语音知识。考生可以一个型一个题型进行练习。短对话、长对话以及篇章等等。 大家在听的过程中一定要先做题，看看哪个地方没听懂，反复听，看能不能听会。注意在听的过程中，什么影响你作选项了。听力中，也有解题技巧和方式。听长对话时，可能会出现but，如果前面没听懂或没听清楚，突然听到but出现，可能这个后面的句子就是某道题选择的答案句。大家在技巧和方面一定要多听多熟悉。 关于PETS五级听力理解 PETS第五级听力部分试卷内容与结构 1(该部分由A、B、C三节组成，考查考生理解英语口语的能力。 A节:考查考生理解具体信息和抽象信息的能力。要求考生根据所听到的一段500~600 词的对话或独白的内容，判断陈述句的正误(True / False)，录音材料只播放一遍。A节共10个题。 B节:考查考生理解细节、事实、要点、观点、态度等的能力。要求考生根据所听到的三段独白或对话(每段280~320词)的内容，从所给的四个选择项中选出最佳选项。每段录音材料只播放一遍。B节也是10个题。 C节:考查考生理解并记录主要信息的能力。要求考生根据所听到的一段700~800词的独白或对话的内容，回答或补全不完整的句子。录音材料播放两遍。C节也是10个题。 2(听力部分总题量为30个题，答题时间为35分钟，原始赋分为30分，占全卷分数权重的30%，仅次于阅读部分的分数权重。听力部分的重要性可见一斑。 PETS5考试听力分析及注意事项 1、题材特点 PETS第五级的测试对象是具有大学或研究生的学业，通常在大专院校教书，或在科研院所从事科研工作，或准备申请国家奖学金去国外进修人员，参试者属于高层次知识分子或高层次管理人员，他们取得英语水平的认可后，便作为中高级访问学者的备选对象，由国家 公派出国学习、讲学、参加国际研讨会。 基于这一测试目的和考生群体，PETS听力材料的选材不再是涉及日常生活中的购物、求医、就餐、问路、住宿、乘车等一般题材，而主要是围绕学校、学习的话题较多，此外还涉及讲英语国家的社会文化，包括教育、体育、风土人情、历史地理等方面的普通知识，及有关人文科学、社会科学、自然科学等其他方面的不太专的专业知识。如大纲样题听力部分共五篇文章,请看其具体内容: Part One stAn interview about space tourism in the 21 century. 10 True/ false questions Part Two Qs 11-13 A talk on wireless communications Qs 14-16 An interview between a radio hostess and a writer about a book written by the writer. Qs 17-20 An interview with Mr. Simon James, a Banker, about his own experience of being successful. 10 Multiple choice questions Part C An interview with Dr. Steve Huber, an associate professor pf physics on the relationship between physics and music. Qs 21-30 Answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words 通过上述分析可见PETS五级听力材料的题材是有一定范围 的，从这个意义上讲，PETS五级与TOFLE类似，因为考 TOFLE 的人目的也是出国学习，只不过资金来源不同而已。我们的考生 群体都有过校园经历，尽管外国大学与中国大学不同，但是毕竟 同属于一个领域范畴，了解这一点有助于我们攻克PETS五级听 力一关。 4、特定场景 既然PETS 五级听力从内容上以校园生活为中心，那么所涉 及的场景都是学校的主要场所，如:图书馆，教室，实验室，学 生宿舍甚至食堂等。此外，难度比较大的恐怕是那些课堂上讲授 的或讨论的内容，但一般说来属于某一领域的普通知识，不会太 专。当然，如果考生知识面宽，兴趣比较广泛，这一部分也不会 构成太大障碍。 考生可以试做下列听力题中的对话理解题: You will hear 10 talks. As you listen, answer the questions by circling True or False. You will hear the talks ONLY ONCE. 1. Buying on credit is a new system. TRUE / FALSE 2. There are two types of credit cards. TRUE / FALSE 3. In a credit system the seller agrees to sell something without immediately receiving cash. TRUE / FALSE 4. Airplane tickets can be bought with credit cards. TRUE / FALSE 5. With credit cards you don‟t have to save up money in advance. TRUE / FALSE 6. Visa and American Express are examples of store credit cards. TRUE / FALSE 7. Store credit cards can be used to buy things anywhere. TRUE / FALSE 8. Most large credit companies are connected to large banks. TRUE / FALSE 9. Many kinds of professional people will accept credit cards. TRUE / FALSE 10. Overspending means spending more than you make. TRUE / FALSE PETS第五级听力部分考查的语言技能 听力部分作为接受活动的测试形式，要求考生应能听懂内容涉及 较为广泛的谈话、和广播电视节目，以及与自己专业有关的讲座、 讨论、辩论、演讲和论述。考生应能: (1) 理解主旨要意; (2) 获取事实性的具体信息; (3) 理解明确或隐含表达的概念性含义; (4) 进行有关的判断、推理和引申; (5) 理解说话者的意图、观点或态度。 (6) 辨别说话者的语气。 英语知识运用:把握特点好作题 英语知识运用体现了PETS考试对英语的新要求、新主张。该部分20小题。在一篇250-300字的文章中留出20个空白。12题考查语法和语段结构，8题考查词汇。 英语知识运用，第一点要明白其本身的特点，没有更多的生词，不像阅读理解，阅读理解还有一定的生单词。是在考单词的用法，而不是在考单词的意思。 第二要英语知识运用基本的解题思路，作文填空过程当中，希望同学们注意褒贬色彩相一致。一般来说高度一致原则是完型填空的基本准则，我们说话的时候不能说“不幸的是我又通过了PETS考试”，这句话在完型填空上，就是个严重的语病。不能说“我又一次遭到老师的表扬”，不能说“这个时代或者这个国家以贫穷而著称于世”。还有很多原则希望同学们慢慢再去摸索。 阅读理解:主旨题有“位”可循 考试时间迫近，通过大批量阅读提高已经不可能了，把握好解题技巧，往往能让同学们锦上添花。 PETS的阅读理解有主旨题、态度题、数字题、推理题、因果题、例证题、指代题等类型。 主旨题分段落主旨题或文章主旨题。对于段落主旨题，我建议同学们仔细阅读段首句和段尾句，百分之六七十的题目看段首和段尾，就能找出段落主旨。文章主旨题还应看些重要句，它通常出现在首段首句、末段末句、二段首句和各段首末句，是文章的中心思想。对主旨题，我们强调的是位置择题，迅速准确定位答案所在位置，而非全文通读，这样能节约时间。 例证题通常从原文截取，问例子证明什么道理，它要么例证段落主题，要么例证文章主题。因此我们可以把例证题变成主旨题，段落主旨或文章主旨往往就是例证题的正确答案。 公共英语等级考试PETS阅读各种题型详解 如何做好细节性的题目 细节性题目是阅读理解题中出现最多的一类问题，大约占40,左右。问题有两种基本形式:完全式和不完全式，其中不完全式的问题占绝大多数。它们的问题是这样的: 1.完全式 Why do women seem less likely to be promoted after marriage, What did scientists learn about earthquakes at the area, According to the passage，how did the drums differ from many other drums, According to the passage，through which of the following does the energy released, 2.不完全式 According to the passage，the new machine proved to be _____ . In the author's opinion，visual and spatial abilities are good for __________. According to the passage，women are usually good at __________. The Sun's light travels slowly when ____________. 可见这类问题大多是根据文章中的具体信息，如事实、例证、原因、特点、过程、论述等进行提问。和推测文章大意、标题，作者态度这类归纳推理题相比较，这种问题要容易些，因为其答案可以直接在文章中找到的。所以，这类问题也称之为"直接解答性问题". 解题的基本方法是:仔细阅读文章后的问题，根据问题中的关键词或词组，以此作为线索，返回文章查找问题的相关句，用这个相关句来对照选项，意思一致的就是答案。 如何在文章中又快又准地找到答案:要具备这两方面的知识: 1.文章细节结构知识 一篇阅读理解文章，或长或短，都有一个中心思想。而文章就是围绕着这个中心思想展开的。支持和发展中心思想的细节主要是由描写特点特征，给予解释定义，分析原因结果，比较事物异同，提供数据事实，论述观点理由等构成的。但根据主题的不同性质，可以有不同侧重，这样就形成了不同的细节结构。 如:描述性结构(这种结构主要介绍事物，问题或倾向的特点、特征。对人物的描述如传记包括人的身体特征，家庭背景，成长过程，个性爱好，成就贡献等。因此文章中时间，地点，数据是主要细节); 释义性结构(这种结构是解释某一理论，学科，事物。主要是用例子，比喻，类比进行阐述); 比较性结构(这种结构主要是对两个事物或人物在功能，特点，优缺点，贡献方面进行比较); 原因性结构(这种结构主要是分析事物的成因，客观的，主观的，直接的，间接的); 驳论性结构(这种结构主要是介绍一种观点，然后对其评论或驳斥，分析其优缺点，或危害性，最后阐明自己的观点)。 了解这些细节结构，我们就能知道某一特定的阅读理解文章问题会出哪方面的问题，从而在阅读中给有关细节较多的注意。如有一篇文章介绍的是美国一种蝗虫:描述了蝗虫飞群的形成，形成的原因，其特点习性，给农作物造成的损失，人们对付这种虫害的方法。显然这是描述性结构，绝大多数问题肯定与特点，时间，地点，程度有关。在阅读中对这些细节作圈划记号，解答时就非常容易。 2. 文章过渡词知识 文章过渡词是篇章意义组织和传达的重要一部分。由于过渡词能够表示各种语义关系，如果考生在这方面有一定的知识，往往可以借助它们搞清文章的来龙去脉，不读具体细节，也能猜上文或者下文讲的是什么。更重要的是过渡词在文章中比较突出、醒目，在查证时容易找。在阅读中，如把它们圈出，答题就容易多了。因为绝大多数细节性的问题和它们有密切的联系。根据我们统计，问题中除了问大意、中心思想的，60,以上是问细节的，而只要问细节，90,以上牵涉到 原因，特点，功能，理由，事实，优缺点等。而这些东西往往是用表 示各种语义的过渡词来引出的。 根据过渡词表示的语义和逻辑关系，我们可以分类为: 1) 举例 for example, for instance, as a case in point, as an illustration, such as, say, e.g. 2) 释义 that is, that is to say, in other words, so to speak, or rather, namely 3) 原因 because, because of, for, as, owing to, thanks to, due to, now that, since, as a result of, attribute to, in that 4) 条件 if, unless, whether, provided that, given, as long as, on condition that, otherwise 5) 让步 despite, in spite of, though, although, nevertheless, but, however, admittedly, it is true…but, after all 6) 结果 for this reason, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, thus, in short, in a word, to sum up, to conclude 7)比较 similarly, like, likewise, in the same way, much.., as much, no more.., than, just as... so 8)对照 whereas, instead, however, unlike, on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand, while, some.., others 9)层进 first, in the first place, to begin with, second, next, in addition to, besides, moreover, furthermore, third, finally 10)强调 indeed, in fact, certainly, particularly, above all, most importantly, worst of all 11)目的 in order to, in an effort to, so as to, in order that, for fear that, in case, least 12)先后 shortly after, earlier, later, afterwards, after, before, once, meanwhile, since, until, when, while, the moment, as soon as 13)指示 this, that, these, this accounts for, this helps explain, that‟s why 如何做阅读细节题中推测作者写作目的题 推测作者写作目的的题目往往这样问的: The author‟s main purpose in writing the passage is to. The author writes this passage to. The author in this passage intends to. 推测写作目的题和了解文章大意题有所不同，后者要知道文章讲什么，中心思想是什么。而前者是要知道写文章是为了什么，达到什么目的。例如有一篇讲美国离婚的文章。中心思想可能是高离婚对美国社会、家庭、当事者和孩子的影响，而写这篇文章的目的可能是要社会引起关注，或要人们对离婚要十分谨慎。因此，这种题比了解文章大意题更难解答，它不仅要求了解内容，还要了解作者的口气，分析作者的论述方法，这样才能推断出写作目的。例如: To argue a belief，文章作者就会摆事实，讲道理，论证自己的观点。 To inform people of something，文章作者只介绍和传递信息，并不发表自己看法。 To illustrate the significance,importance，文章作者会从多方面阐述意义或重要性。 To warn people of certain danger，文章作者会分析某事物的后果，危害性。 To analysis the causes of something，文章作者会从间接和直接或平行几方面分析原因或因素。 To describe certain problems,phenomena，文章作者会用事实，数据，例证或生动形象描写。 To give people a piece of advise，文章作者用祈使句较多。告诉方法，做法等。 To propose a solution，文章作者会阐明某种建议或解决方法的 可行性，优点等。 可见，注意作者的口气是推测他写作目的的关键。除此外，还要 注意文章的主题大意。虽然写作目的和文章大意是两回事，但把握文 章的中心思想对于推测写作目的大有帮助。 除了注意口气，文章中心思想，还有论述方法。 可见，判断 写作目的，还要注意作者论述的重心，材料的详略安排。 如何做阅读细节题中推测作者态度立场题 在阅读理解问题中我们经常看到这类问题: The author‟s attitude towards(((can be best summarized as. The tone of this passage is best described as. 这种问题的选择项往往是单个词组成的。如: According to the passage， the author‟s attitude towards the early computers can best be described as. A)indifferent B) ambiguous C) contemptuous D) hostile 由于这些词高度概括了作者的态度，因此，如不清楚这些词的释 义，含义，就不可能答对问题。我们把这些词按经常一起出现的频率 分为几大类 A pomtive肯定的，赞成的;approving赞成的 negative否定的，反对的;critical批评的; questioning质问的;neutral中立的; detached不偏不倚的;suspicious怀疑的; doubtful不敢肯定的;compromising妥协的; tolerant忍让的 B indifferent不感兴趣的，不偏不倚的; unconcerned不关心的; concerned关注的; worried担忧的; pessimistic悲观的;depressed沮丧的; confident有信心的;optimistic乐观的; interested感兴趣的; impressed有深刻印象的; contemptuous鄙视的; host如有敌意的 C subjective主观的 personal有个人观点，感情的 persuasive说服人的 biased带偏见的 opinionated固执己见的 objective客观的 impersonal不带个人感情的 informative提供信息的 factual实事求是的 impartial不偏袒的 D formal正式的 reverent恭敬的 polite拘束的 informal非正式的 casual随便的 familiar熟悉的 我们怎么能知道某篇文章的作者态度是肯定的，另一篇文章 的作者态度是否定或中立的。这主要从作者的文章观点，从作者的论 述方法，从作者的遣词措辞，从作者的语气等方面推断出来的。例如 A(positive After careful examination of the constitutional issues involved, the mayor, responding to the people‟s wishes, has announced that he will take immediate action. B. negative After hesitating for as long as he dared to, and taking refuge in the ambiguities of the constitution, the mayor has at long last yield to pressure and grudgingly agreed to try to do something. A、B两段内容基本相同，但A对市长的态度是肯定的，因为 “careful examination”表示认真负责的态度，“responding to the people‟s wishes”，“take immediate action”表示积极的态度。 而B对市长的态度是否定的，因为“hesitating for as long as”表示 犹豫不决，尽量拖延，“taking refuge in”反映逃避，回避矛盾的态度， “has at long last yield to pressure”，“grudgingly agreed”表示采取行动是 被迫的 这类题目有时问的不是态度 (attitude)，而是语气 (tone)。 但实际上是一回事:作者的语气或幽默，或严肃，或挖苦，或讽 刺，都是表明作者的态度，立场和观点。因此解题的方法和做猜测态 度题的方法是一样的。不过，要了解经常出现在选项中的一些词的意 思。 humorous幽默的 mocking嘲笑的 serious严肃的 cynical玩世不恭的 somber严峻、冷静的 sarcastical挖苦的 playful开玩笑的 sentimental感伤的 bitter尖刻的 emotional动感情的 iron让讽刺的 angry气愤的 如何做阅读细节题中暗示性题目 在阅读理解题目中我们有时发现这样的问题: The passage implies that. The author suggests that. It is implied but not stated. 做这种题要注意的是:凡在问题中有imply，suggest的词，选择项中说的即使是符合原文的，只要是明确表达出来的，也不能算答案。答案应当是暗示出来的，是通过表面文字信息推理出来的。 如何做阅读细节题中推理性的题目 推理性的题目是阅读理解各种类型问题中最难解答的问题。因为它的答案没有直接通过一个明确的句子在文章中陈述出来，它需要考生以作者表面的论述为基础，利用文章提供的暗示如用词的选择，论述的详略等，体会作者的言外之意，一层层剖析，推导，最后得出正确的判断。 一、运用普通常识 许多推理是建筑在考生的基本常识上的。如一篇文章说某人在街上被一辆汽车撞倒，接下去就描写他躺在医院的急救室，问当中发生什么事，常理告诉我们，肯定有人打电话，然后救护车赶来，把他急送医院等。因此，运用基本的普通的常识来解答推理题很重要。 二、运用逻辑推理 很多逻辑知识可以运用到解答推理题上去。例如A就是B，但由于A和C是一样的，所以C也是B。这种三段式推理十分需要。 三、注意作者的论述方法 论述方法能反映作者的立场和态度。论述方法从句子平面上说是指作者说话的方法，如何评论某事;从篇章角度上说是指材料的安排，论述的详略等。 四、注意作者的语气 文章中作者用的虚拟语气，情态动词should，must，may都可流露出作者的语气和言外之音。 五、注意作者的遣词措辞 六、注意作者的过渡词:However，but，on the contrary，what‟s more这些过渡词往往能够反映作者的观点和态度。 如何做细节题中it\they\one等指代性题目 我们做阅读理解题目时常碰到这样的问题: The word “it” in line 3 most probably refers to . In line 3, the word “one” could best be replaced by . What does the word “they” in line 3 refer to ? 这种指代性的题目有一定的难度。从历年四、六级考试对这种题目的得分分析，答对比率只有33,左右。因为它要求对代词所在句以及紧邻几个句子的结构和意思都要有准确的理解。 指代有两种情况。 1( 指代单数词或词组。 2( 指代句子意思。 在具体解答这类问题时，我们应注意几点。 一、注意指代条件 it，they，one，that，this都有自己的指代条件，如单数，复数，可数，不可数，先行词的远近(先行词一般紧靠着代词。也就是说代词前面有几个可指代的词或词组同时出现，最靠近可能性最大。) 二、注意文章意思 如果代词周围有好几个名词或词组，而且都符合指代条件，这就要分析哪一选项符合文章意思。 三、注意搭配意思 把四个选项试着代人，看哪一项符合搭配意思，包括句子的语法意义和逻辑意义。 四、注意综合考虑 综合注意指代条件，文章意思和搭配意思。 如何做阅读理解细节题中的猜测例证用意题目 阅读理解文章基本上是说明文，议。而这类体裁的文章少不了用例子，事实来说明观点。因此我们往往会碰到要求猜测文章举例 的目的——这些例子要说明什么观点——的题目。如: The example of … is given to show/illustrate that. What can be inferred from the author's example of ? The experiment/study suggests/shows that. 解答这类问题，要注意以下几点。 1. 注意例证所在的段落主题句 如果例证所在段有概括段落思想的主题句，就首先读这个主题句，看它的意思和问题下四个选择项哪项意思一致。一致的那个就是答案，不要去读具体例证了。因为举例的目的是为了说明观点，而段落中的例子大多是说明段落主题思想的。 2(注意例证上下文的作者观点 如果例证所在段没有主题旬或例证本身就是一段，就要看例证上面一段、下面一段有否相关的归纳性的作者观点。如果这个作者观点和问题中的某一个选择项意思一致，那就是答案，也不要去读具体例证。 3(注意全文中心思想 有时例证所在段没有主题旬，上下文周围也没有明显的作者观点，那就要去读文章中心思想句，看它与例证有什么关系，和问题下面的选择项哪一个意思一致。一致的那个就是答案，也可省去读具体例证。因为文章中的例证不是直接就是间接地说明和支持全文中心思想的。 4(对例证本身进行推测 如果段落主题句看不出，全文中心思想句也看不出，周围也没有明显的作者观点说明，那只能细读具体例证，对例证本身进行推测。 如何做阅读理解细节题中的原因性题目 由于阅读理解的文章绝大多数是属于说明文体裁，而说明文的主要功能是对事物、现象的解释和阐述。因此许多题目都涉及到分析和辨别事物的原因或成因。例如: The main reason for the failure of the organization to achieve the success is that _____. Mouthwashes are not effective cure for bad breath mainly because _________. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes for the earthquake ______. 在做寻找事物原因的题目时，有几点要特别注意。 1(问的是主要原因或真正原因，而命题人员总把一些次要的，非直接的，非根本的原因放进选项。由于这些次要的原因也是文章中提到的，因此考生如不仔细，往往会把次要原因当作答案。 这就告诉我们，做这类题目，首先要注意问题中的the main,chief,real cause (reason，factor) 这些词，提醒自己，问题问的是主要原因。然后分析事物的诸多的原因，理出最主要的，直接的，根本的原因。 2(问的是事物的原因，但出现在选项里的还有事物的后果、影响。由子这些后果、影响和原因一样，都是指一件事，且都出现在同一相关段，或相关句中，稍不留心，就会搞错。 这就告诉我们，做寻找原因的题目时，对文章所说的事物的原因、 结果、影响，应理清它们之间的逻辑关系。不要错把结果当原因。 如何做阅读理解细节题中的释义性题目 所谓释义性的题目，就是要求对文章中阐述的事物进行准确的解释。问题往往问该事物的特征、优点、功能、作用等，如 The main characteristics of the system is _________. One of the advantages of living in the countryside is _________. 这类问题在阅读理解的题目中占较大的比例。因为，阅读理解的文章大多是说明文体裁。说明文就是对事物解释，定义。文章用较大的篇幅来解释，答案项要么是对这些解释的另一说法，要么是对这些解释的归纳。 这类问题虽属细节题，但不容易做。有两点要注意。 1(注意解释的准确性 干扰项往往在对文章事物的解释中，夹带“私货:，加进一些词，夸大了原文的意义，作了不合事实的引伸。 这就告诉我们，在辨别信息时，对一些对原文解释、归纳的选项，要注意其释义的准确性。特别要当心在解释时加进一些修饰词，如mainly，chiefly，whenever，Only等，使原文的意思发生细微的变化。因此有这些词的选项，多半是错误的。 2. 注意归纳的准确性 问的是事物的主要特点、特征、功能，干扰项却把次要的、细节性的东西，具体事实混进选项。 这告诉我们，在做释义题，辨别选项时，要注意区分细节和结论， 事实和观点。问归纳性的结论，观点时不要把具体的细节，事实套上 去。 如何做阅读理解细节题中的判断是非题 是非题也称之为正误判断题，因为问的是选项中对文章中的事实的转 述是否真实，提法是否正确，文章或作者是否提及。例如: Which of the following statements is (not) true? Which of the following is (not) mentioned in the passage? Which of the following does not explain _______ ? All of the following are true except ________. 可见这些问题的四个选项要么是“一正三误”，即一项是对的，是符 合文章事实的，其余三项均是错的;要么是“一误三正”，即一项是错 的，是不合原文事实的，其余三项均是正确的。 解答这类问题，头脑应当清楚:问题是要求把正确的选项圈出， 还是要求把错误的选项圈出。有的考生不看清问题，就去选择选项， 想当然地把正确的，符合文章事实的一项圈出，而问题明明问的是 Which of the following is not true (mentioned)，结果误选。 是非题的四个选项有三种情况: 1( 四个选项中的信息集中在一、二个句子里。这种是非题比较容 易做。只要找到相关句，细细读一下就不难选定正确答案。 2( 四个选项中的信息集中在一段里。这样查读的范围要大一些， 但还是比较容易的。验证一个，排除一个，答案就出来了。 3(四个选项中的信息分散在全文。这种是非题就比较难做，因为 要化较多的时间去找各个相关句，一一去查证。一般说来，应首先把四个选项都看一遍，根据第一遍读的印象和基本常识，尽可能先排除掉一、二个，以减少查的选项。实在排除不了，需要到文章中去一一查证的，次序也应从易到难，即从印象最深的，相关句最易找的，最容易证实的那个选项开始查。 由于时间关系，要到全文中去一一查证四个选项，效率太低。因此我们还可以首先对所有选项作一分析，根据常理，根据自己的知识结构，看看哪一选项最有可能是答案。如问哪一个true，就把四个中最可能正确的一项挑出来首先去查证;如问哪一个NOT true，就把四个中最可能是错误的一项挑出来首先去查证。用这一方法，最多查证两项，答案就会出来。 写作:热点话题要重点准备 PETS考试借鉴了雅思的基本模式，PETS五级考试中考议论文大作文。 近年议论文考试热点话题也成为考试重点。如环保问题、污染问题、教育类话题、网络话题，偶尔会考一些犯罪类的话题，这两年考生要注意和谐社会的主题。至于和谐社会下面衍生什么样的作文题，应该值得同学们思考。 议论文写作要注意卷面整洁。卷子是给改卷老师看的，应考虑到改卷老师的感受，卷面一定要整洁，不宜有墨汁、鼻涕、口水之类的东西，给老师印象不好，分数很难高。 要注意写字工整。有同学爱写英文狂草，把R和N写成M，给 改卷老师出了难题，让他去辨认你的字迹，辨认你说的是什么意思。大家一定要注意字迹工整好认。有的同学密密麻麻写了一行小字，“请见背面”，这是作文大忌，不能在正面写不下，在背面再写下去。现在不提倡这种写作。第一种可能是超字数太多了，会成为扣分的原因。第二种可能是作弊，如果被扣上这个大帽子，更不划算。希望大家尽量不要在答题纸的背面写作文。 议论文写作时，建议学生为了获得高分或者稳定的分数，写三段论，提出问题、分析问题、解决问题。中国老师教学生的时候，往往要求学生写三段，写五六段，七八段，改卷老师就不知道这是哪个老师教出来的学生，心里就发毛了。最多写四段，建议最好写三段。 议论文写作开头一定要吸引人。开头如果吸引不住老师的眼球，分数不会太高。第一句话如何写得漂亮，要看平时积累。写作中要长短结合，我个人观点，希望同学们对于议论文第一段的第一句写一个长难句，长难句会把老师的眼光牢牢吸引。如果写长难句的话，老师比较佩服你或者赞同你，第一个句子最好写一个长难句。假如写了简单句的话，可以写as far as I know，如果加上这句话就体现了我们使用从句的能力，尽管似乎是废话，但是立刻使你的第一段首句写得与众不同。 如果有可能的话，在最后的时间里同学们可以找一些和热点话题有关的素材、句子背一下，把最后时刻背诵的句子巧妙运用到考试作文写作当中去。 同学们在市面上可以找些相应的写作模板，模板不是万能的，但 没有模板是万万不能的，同学们可以把市面模板改编成自己的文章。 建议考生在写作方面背十个左右优秀的句子，应用文写作和议论文写 作背诵十个句子，看一下考试过程中能不能使用。即使这十个句子不 能都用上，考试过程当中能用上三个四个五个也算成功。 公共英语PETS五级写作辅导:高分作文模板 ( ) 表示可有可无的话，字不够就加上。[a/b/c]表示方括号内由/ 分开的几句话选一句。 (一) 对立观点式 (1)给出两个对立的事物或者一个事物对立的两个方面，要求考 生支持一方并进行说明。 具体表述如下 TOPIC: Some people like A; others like B. Which one do you prefer —— A or B? Give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer (2)给出两个对立事物或一个事物对立的两个方面，要求考生说 明二者为什么不同或比较它们的优缺点，并给出理由。 具体表述如 下 TOPIC: Some people believe that A while others consider B more appropriate. Give advantages and disadvantages of the two positions and explain which position you support. 对立观点式的三种模板: 1( 人们往往看到B的明显优点而忽视了它的缺点，同时A的 内在优势没有被重视。 第一段:To choose A or to choose B is something of a dilemma to the public because they sometimes are confused by the seemingly good qualities of B while neglect the genuinely good aspects of A. 第二段:[For B, people are often driven to believe that / It is quite easy for common people to CHOOSE B because of the obvious reason that] ____________. (As a proverb says, "Everything has two sides".) Although B does have its seemingly profound advantages, in the meantime [there lie [harmful characteristics/ intrinsic drawbacks] in it such as ____________ / it can be achieved only conditionally because____________] . Some [people/experts] [maintain/warn] that____________. However, it is often overlooked [by the public/most people]. (Therefore we have no complete evidence to suggest that B is always better than A.) 第三段: Unfortunately, the innate quality of A is often underestimated. 或:What is more, if you notice the invisible benefits of CHOOSING A, you can understand A more deeply. Here I would explain a few of the most important reasons for choosing A. 第一点原因。第二点原因。第 三点原因。(列举原因的句式见最后的"通用句型") 第四段:Therefore from what we have discussed, we may safely come to the conclusion that CHOOSING AAA is a rather wise decision. 2( 选A还是选B的确是一个热门话题，我们来研究一下，A 比B至少有三大优势:1，2，3。 第一段:There is no denying the fact that ____________(whether it is better to choose A or B) is a popular topic which is much talked about [not only by ____________, but also by ____________/by people across the world/ in a modern society]. 或:There is no denying the fact that ____________(whether it is better to choose A or B) is a popular topic which has caused heated debate over a long period of time (because it affects everybody in his or her daily lives). 或:In a modern society, people are always faced with the dilemma of whether to choose A or B. This problem is a much-debated one in that it affects everybody in his or her daily lives. 或:(如果是针对某一事件的题目，不是什么popular topic)If ____________(it is announced that a new movie theater may be built ____________), I will not be surprised to see ____________ (whether it is better to choose A or B) become a popular topic which is much talked about not only by ____________, but also by ____________. Although it seems that [sometimes we can not tell which one outweigh the other between A and B / they normally coexist peacefully], they deserve some close examination. [If three criteria were taken into account in comparing these two, I would prefer A. / As far as I am concerned, I vote for the latter]. There are no less than three advantages in A as rendered below。 第二段 第一点原因。第二点原因。第三点原因。 第三段 In conclusion, (it must be explained that these three reasons sometimes intertwine to form an organic whole and thus become more persuasive than any one of them.) Only these three reasons are enough to make a person draw the conclusion that ____________ , not to mention there are more. 3( 选A还是选B的确是一个热门话题，我们来研究一下，二 者各有优势，不过我来选的话，A的优点还是比B多。 第一段前两句同2，第三句 While both the two [methods/choices] may have their advantages and disadvantages, they can be applied under different circumstances. Later on, I will explain my opinion about it. 第二段:[A has the obvious advantage that / One very strong argument for A is that] ____________. But there lies intrinsic harmful characteristic in this method. Some [people/experts] [maintain/warn] that____________ Furthermore, ____________. Therefore we have no complete evidence to suggest that A is always better than B. 第三段:On the other hand, choosing B also has advantages to some extent, For example, ____________. However, once again, it is important to see that under certain circumstances B will____________(disadvantage) 或:Yet there are some people who cast serious doubts on B 或:Although B does have its seemingly profound [advantages/ reason],in the meantime[there lie intrinsic [harmful characteristics/drawbacks] in it such as ________________________ / it can be achieved only conditionally because____________]. 第四段:(针对我个人的情况又可以说出一套理由)But if all these factors are contemplated, [as far as I am concerned / according to my knowledge], the advantages of A carry more weight than those of B because A fits [me/us students] better in two ways: In the first place, ____________, In the second place/secondly,____________Therefore from what we have discussed, we may safely come to the conclusion that choosing A is a rather wise decision. 或:(我个人的情况说不出什么新的理由，只好说我觉得A优 点就是比B多) It seems very difficult for us to prefer one to another because all of them have their advantages and disadvantages to the extent that it is hard to distinguish. Yet that does not mean that they are all the same to me. Which one I prefer depends on my own experience, life style and [emotional concerns / educational background/____________]. [As far as I am concerned / According to my personality and fondness/ To be frank], I would like to choose A, because there are too many benefits that outnumber its disadvantages not to choose it. B, on the other hand, has advantages no more than its disadvantages. (二)单一观点式 两种形式: (1)给出一个论点，此论点不包括两种事物的比较，要求考生支 持或反对并给出理由。 具体表述如下: TOPIC: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? AAA. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer. (2) 给出一个论点，主要是对两个事物进行比较的陈述，要求考 生支持或反对并给出理由。 具体表述如下: TOPIC: A is superior to B. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Use specific reasons to support your point of view. 注:在模板中用A、B表示相比较的两个事物，这种形式与对立 观点式有着很大的相似之处，考生可以进行适当的借鉴。 (2)可以使用对立观点式的模板。(1)的两种模板如下: 1( disagree这个问题的确是个热门话题，支持的人的理由是 ____________，但是它的错误在于____________。 第一段:There is no denying the fact that ____________(if one should ____________ /if ____________ is right) is a hot topic which is much talked about [not only by ____________, but also by ____________ /by people across the world/ in a modern society]. 或:There is no denying the fact that ____________(if one should ____________ /if ____________ is right) is a popular topic which has caused heated debate over a long period of time (because it affects everybody in his or her daily lives). 或:There is no denying the fact that ____________(if one should ____________ /if ____________ is right) is a basic (moral/philosophical) problem that can not be circumvented by anybody,( because the opinion on this problem will determine one„s attitude toward the world and the life). 或:(如果是针对某一事件的题目，不是什么popular topic)If ____________(it is announced that a new movie theater may be built ____________), I will not be surprised to see ____________ (whether the plan should be supported or opposed) become a popular topic which is much talked about not only by ____________, but also by ____________. Before rendering my opinion, I think it is important to take a glance at the arguments on both sides. 第二段:People who support AAA usually give (some, even all of) the following reasons. 第一点 原因。第二点原因。第三点原因。 第三段:At the first glance, the opinion saying yes to the above question perhaps sounds reasonable and appealing. Nevertheless, [many people do not think this view can hold water / we can find that it presents us with numerous negative effects along with its benefits.] 或:Although ____________(the opinion in question) does have its seemingly profound [advantages/reasons], in the meantime [there lie intrinsic [harmful characteristics /drawbacks/faults] in [it/this method] such as ____________ / it can be achieved only conditionally because____________]. Some [people/experts] [maintain/warn] that____________. Unfortunately, it is often overlooked by [the public/most people]. (Therefore we have no complete evidence to conclude that the statement is right.) What is more, ____________ 第四段:In a word, despite the fact that the argument I disagree does hold a little bit of water, I think that____________ 2(Agree或disagree都可以用。这个问题的确是个热门话题，乍 一看不好说，不能仓促下结论，但是我同意/不同意它，至少有3条 理由:1，2，3。(下面是按agree写的，容易改为disagree的模板) (四)分析列举式 具体表述如下: 人们喜欢参观博物馆，分析一下都有什么原因? 你认为一个好邻 居应该有哪些品质?有人搬到你们城市，你认为他会对这个城市有些 什么看法? 两种模板: 1(_________的确是一个值得探讨的话题。 不同的人有不同的 看法，有的认为______，有的认为____________，还有的认为 ____________我认为最重要的一点是____________. 第一段: There is no denying the fact that (why/how/what) ____________ is a hot topic which is much talked about [not only by ____________, but also by ____________ /by people across the world/ in a modern society]. 或:There is no denying the fact that (why/how/what) ____________ is a popular topic which has caused heated debate over a long period of time (because it affects everybody in his or her daily lives). 或:There is no denying the fact that (why/how/what) ____________ is a basic (moral/philosophical) problem that can not be circumvented by anybody,( because the opinion on this problem will determine one‟s attitude toward the world and the life). 或:(如果是针对某一事件的题目，不是什么popular topic) ____________(Why people visit museums) is a interesting question that deserves careful investigation not only by_______________(museum managers), but also by ____________(visitors themselves). People with different experience, life style and [emotional concerns / educational background/____________] differ greatly in their attitudes toward this [problem /question]. Some people hold the opinion that ____________. Others, [however/on the contrary], maintain that ____________. Still others, convinced by the view that ____________, argue that ____________. According to them,____________. But as far as I am concerned, I consider the [chief reason/ most important quality] is ____________. And here are three reasons that I‟d like to point out. 第二段:第一点第二点第三点 第三段: In a word, ____________(the three points mentioned above) are the main opinions on ____________ hold by [common/most] people. But my idea is that ____________________, and I sincerely believe that it is right. 2(____________的确是一个值得探讨的话题。人们看法比较一 致，第一第二第三。我认为最重要的一点是____________ 第一段: 第一句同1。第二句: Somewhat surprisingly, people with different experience, life style and [emotional concerns / educational background/____________] share similar attitudes toward this [problem/question]. They usually [give some, even all of the following reasons / consider some, even all of the following points [important/ necessary / desirable /advisable] ]. 第二段: 第一点第二点第三点 第三段:In a word, ____________(the three points mentioned above) are the main [reasons /desirable qualities /____________] of ____________. But as far as I am concerned, I consider the [ chief reason/ most important quality] is ____________. 或:In a word, ____________(the three points mentioned above) are the main opinions on ____________ hold by [common/most] people. But in my point of view, ____________ has more advantages than disadvantages under most circumstances. 通用句型:(并不固定在某个模板中，在每个模板中都可以用到) This may explain why ____________/As a consequence____________ It goes without saying that____________ In fact, we can observe easily that in modern society,____________ As a proverb says, "Everything has two sides". As a proverb says, "Where there is a will there is a way". As is known to all, "No pains, no gains." Let‟s bring our discussion here to a more present and practical context. In today‟s world,____________ I can say that if you have no experiences like these, your life is an inadequate one. be of great benefit/damage to sb./sth. The reason of ____________ is not so much ____________ as ____________ People differ greatly in their attitudes towards this problem. Some people hold the opinion that ____________ Others, [ however/on the contrary], maintain that ____________. It is [urgent/necessary/convenient/desirable/advisable] for sb. to do sth. have [trouble/a difficult time] [in doing sth./with sth.] 举例证:It can be given by a (well known/concrete) example that ____________. / In order to see this point clearly, let us to see an example:____________/To illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive:____________. 第一点原因: The main/first reason is that ____________. First, we can observe easily that in modern society, ... In the first place To begin with, (a good roommate should ____________) 第二点原因: Besides, the further reason why I advocate AAA is that ____________. [The second/another] reason for [my/people‟s] propensity for A is that ____________ [The second/another] desirable quality for a good roommate is that ____________ 第三点原因: Moreover,____________ The third reason, [not the last/however], goes this way: ____________ 写完三条原因还可以再写:Maybe there are some other reasons( to show____________). But it is generally believed that the reasons mentioned above are commonly acceptable. 最后意犹未尽或者字数不够可以加这么一句: Nevertheless I must admit that people can do well without AAA, but no one can ignore the additional convenience and satisfaction offered by AAA. Such experience will definitely be helpful in one‟s later life. PETS论说文模板简化版 (一) 对立观点式 1.一个事物对立的两个放面/两对立事物,要求考生支持一方并 进行说明. (which类型) (Who/how/what ……) is a prevalent topic undergoing serious debate. There exist two obvious and definite opinions regarding this controversy: A and B. personally, I would like to vote for A for three reasons. The main reason for my propensity for A is that…… What is also worth noticing fact is that…… A is superior in another way, this is… It is undeniable that B has its own merits. However, B can only be achieved conditionally because… From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that ... 2.给出两种观点,要求考生比较他们的优缺点. (compare & contrast) To choose A or B is something of a dilemma to the public because they sometimes are confused by the seemingly good qualities of A, and neglect the genuinely good aspects of B. For A, A 的一个优势 However, this "advantage" betrays a hidden drawback of A. A如何 如何. For instance, Furthermore, A的一个大缺点. …A good case in point is... On the contrary, B的优点1, A particular example for this is… Moreover, B的优点2,for example… From what has been discussed above, I may safely draw the conclusion that B fits me better in two ways : B的优点1. B的优点2. (二)单一观点式 1.给出一结论,此论点不包括两种事物的比较,要求考生支持或反 对并给出理由. (同意 或 不同意类型) 首先 题目观点的重述paraphrase. After pondering this opinion from several aspects, I totally agree (disagree) with it. The reasons are presented below. There is no denying that… Another reason why I agree (disagree) with XXX is that… Finally,… Based on the above discussion, I agree( disagree ) with the opinion that… ,(给出一个论点，主要是对两个事物进行比较的陈述，要求考 生支持或反对并给出理由( Which类型+ 同意 或 不同意类型) (本类型只agree) (Who/how/what ……) is a prevalent topic undergoing serious debate. There exist two obvious and definite opinions regarding this controversy: A and B. personally, I agree with the above statement that A is superior to B. The main reason for my propensity for A is that…… What is also worth noticing fact is that…… A is superior in another way, this is… It is undeniable that B has its own merits. However, B can only be achieved conditionally because… From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that ... (三)选择多观点之一 并 解释你为什么选择它 There exist various choices in doing XXX such as A,B,C,D. As far as I am concerned, I prefer C most for three reasons. The main reason for my propensity for C is that…… What is also worth noticing fact is that…… C is superior in another way, this is… From what has been discussed above, I may safely draw the conclusion that choosing C is most sensible for me/us. [In summary, I prefer C according to my personality and fondness.] (四)原因解释型 1. 给出一个事实,要求解释它的原因. 陈述这个事实 As is know by all, …… Among countless factors which contribute to XXX, there exist three most conspicuous ones: One of the primary causes is that… XXX also results from… … is responsible for xxx, as well. To put all into a nutshell, I draw the conclusion that A,B and C are three main contributors to XXX 2. What should we do? How do something influence our lives? what are the characters of something. 背景描述 There are numerous approaches to solving…/impacts on sth. /characteristics of… , and I would explore the most conspicuous ones there. One of the primary method, to my mind, is that… one of the primary impact, to my mind, is that… one of the primary characteristic, to my mind, is that… a more subtle point which we must consider is that… In addition/ furthermore …… In conclusion, Taking into account of all these methods/ affects / aspects, we may reach the conclusion that…… 口试:说话不多不少最合适 首先要熟悉口语考试程序，一般情况是跟老师简单打招呼，老师会根据你的情况提出两到三个问题。第二项，可能会给个表格，让你根据图片答题或提问。这是两个过程，一个是给你图片的时候让你答，一个是给你图片的时候让你问。不管跟你一起考试的伴儿跟你配合得如何，千万不能因为他影响你的正常发挥。PETS5有随机性的问题，根据所答篇目，每个步骤每个级别有严格的时间限制，一个问题没有答出来，千万不要影响其他五个问题的发挥。 做口语过程当中希望大家注意到一点，说话不能特别少，如果说话特少的话，你就处于比较被动的状态，老师可能评分比较难一些。对你能不能过这个考试就成了个问号。第二个，说话过多也不是一件很好的事。如果说话过多的话，会暴露组织语言的用词、语法等等问题。大家在做PETS口试时，建议大家还是要在口语老师的指点之下，多背一些经典的模板，不会的时候可以让他去重复，用英语去说都可以。切忌冷场什么都不说。口语考试非常有模式，老师口语考官问学生问题的时候是绝对不能超出这个模式的，严格按照所给的指令进行提 问，希望大家在考试之前要多做口语考试练习，多背一些客套话，在 辩论的时候应该怎么样去找切入点去提出你的问题，回答时怎样用有 用句转换话题，把包袱扔给对方，这些技巧希望大家多注意一些。