2014高考英语阅读理解冲刺满分训练12(含解析)

2014高考英语阅读理解冲刺满分训练 阅读理解------A According to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gig watts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills (see picture) to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway, however, could help put them anywhere. The project, called Hywind, is the world’s first large-scale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机).Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton,2.3-megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture),a technology Hywind’s creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cable(缆索)；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. Hywind ’s stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September. To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but it’s difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spar’s to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox(变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the b lades (see picture ) Hywind is a test run, but the benefi ts for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. Deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet’s surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available. (  ) 1. The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of _______. A. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor B. the spar which is floating in deep-sea water C. the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind D. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface (  ) 2. To balance a bigger turbine high on a flatting spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting ____________. A. on the sea floor      B. on the spar top C. at sea level          D. behind the blades (  ) 3. Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can ____________. A. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills B. make financial profits by producing more turbines C. settle the arguments about environmental problems D. explore low-carbon power resources available at sea A篇 第三篇是一篇科普类说明文，介绍了风力涡轮发电，这基本切中了当下最受关注的话题——新能源和可持续。体现了时代的潮流，跟B篇谋篇一致，话题新颖信息量足，题目并不难。 63.细节题。 根据题干定位到原文第二段倒数第二句。从”Hywind’s stability in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power”得出B为正确。 64.细节题。 根据题干定位到原文第三段最后，得出答案C是正确的。 65.推断题。根据文章最后一句，可以推断出这种项目的成功运行将会促进低碳能源的发展，从而得出D选项是正确的。 In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence – as if it wer e a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us. The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme. The benefits that can be derived f rom constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law. Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each other’s problems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information. ‘Talk, talk, talk,’ the advocates of violence say, ‘all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser.’ It’s rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. ‘Possible, my lord,’ the barrister replied, ‘none the wiser, but surely far better informed.’ Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates th e evils it pretends to solve. 1.What is the best title for this passage? [A] Advocating Violence. Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice. [C] Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution. [D] The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence. 2.Recorded history has taught us[A] violence never solves anything. nothing. [C] the bloodshed means nothing. [D] everything. 3.It can be inferred that truly rea sonable men [A] can’t get a hearing. are looked down upon. [C] are persecuted. [D] Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement. 4.“He was none the wiser” means [A] he was not at all wise in listening. He was not at all wiser than nothing before. [C] He gains nothing after listening. [D] He makes no sense of the argument. 5.According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is [A] law enforcement. knowledge. [C] nonviolence. [D] Mopping up the violent mess. Vocabulary 1.acute                  严重的，剧烈的，敏锐的 2.loot                 v.抢劫，掠夺；n.赃物 3.pillage            v.抢劫，掠夺 4.crunch            v.吱嘎吱嘎咬或嚼某物；n.碎裂声 when it comes to the crunch = if/when the decisive moment comes. 当关键时刻来到时。 5.war-paint            出战前涂于身上的颜料。（美印第安战士用） 6.come to light = become known      显露，为人所知 7.sap                  剥削，使伤元气，破坏 I was sapped by months of hospital treatment. 我住院治疗几个月，大伤元气。 8.mop up            擦去，对付，处理 9.wake                  船迹，航迹 in the wake of sth. = come after 随某事之后到来。 难句译注 1.What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. 【结构简析】when it comes to the crunch = when / if the decisive moment comes.当关键时刻来到时。 【参考译文】真正令人可怖的，令人绝望的是，在关键时刻，人们意识到我们一点儿也没有进步/前进。 2.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. 【结构简析】in the wake of 在…之后。 【参考译文】由于我们不得不清理掉暴力之后所留下的烂摊子，我们的力量因此削弱了。 3.After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. 【结构简析】none + the + 比较级。固定用法，义：not at all 一点儿也不。EX: After the treatment, he is none the better.治疗后，他并没有因此见好，（一点儿也不见好）。 【参考译文】听了律师的长篇解释，法官抱怨说他一无所获，并不因此变得聪明些。 4.      Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom. 【参考译文】知识是智慧的必要的先决条件。结合上下文这里意思是：了解情况是解决问题的先决条件。句子后面的解释：知识是指了解它欲以解决暴力制造的恶行。 写作方法与文章大意 作者主要以对比的手法写出了暴力是有些国家用以解决种族差异的公认方法，这是人本性没有进步的现，真正理智的人提出了法制才是解决问题的唯一途径，而这些人遭人轻视、迫害。作者指出如果我们把使用暴力的一半精力放在消除贫民窟，改善生活水平，提供教育和就业，清除暴力造成的后果，也就是通过对它以法治理是能真正解决种族问题的。尽管这些暴力者采取充耳不闻的态度。 答案详解 1.B 暴力难以消除种族偏见。文章一开始就提出有些国家种族偏见严重，而暴力却是公认的一种解决方法。白人采用暴力镇压，黑人以防火、掠抢为反抗。而双方的大人物平静地论及暴力，似乎这是一种合法的解决。作者就此指出人类的进步只在于表面――衣饰等，人类的本能没有改变。整个有记录历史的文件没有教会人类任何东西。这是真正令人可怕的事件。 第二段论及真正有理智的懂得解决方案所在的人鼓吹法制，人们不停。他们反而收到轻视、迫害。作者就此提出假设，答出真正的解决方案嗜法制，以法治理。 第三段进一步说明“交流、对话”是了解双方问题的前提，即使暴力者不同意，但知道暴力制造它假装要解决的罪恶，是智慧聪明的必要前提。 A.鼓吹暴力。C.双方重要人物都把暴力作为合法的解决方案。D. 人类的本性是嗜暴性。 2.B没有什么。第一段中就明确提出整个人类有记录历史又长又臭的暴力文件记录，一点都没有教给我们任何东西。 A.暴力解决不了任何事情。C.杀戮（流血）没有任何意义。D.一切。 3.D在鼓吹法制方面有困难。答案在第二段，真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同类们的轻视、不信任和迫害。他们发现要人倾听他们的意见越来越困难。 A.人们不听。B.遭人轻视。C.遭人迫害。这三项都包含在D项内。 4.C听后无所得。None the wiser一点也不比以前聪明（这是按字面翻译）。实际就是C项。 A.在倾听别人上他一点也不聪明。B.他和以前一个样。D.他听不懂论点。 5.A法制。第二段最后一句，如果我们在法律的构架中进行工作，真正的持久的解决总是能实现的。第二段第二句，他们遭到迫害是因为他们鼓吹法制这种显然令人不能容忍的事。 B.知识。C.非暴力。D.处理暴力带来的混乱。 阅读理解----B Shay asked, “Do you think they’ll let me play?” Shay’s father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence. Shay’s father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play, not expecting much. The boy looked around and said, “We’re losing by six runs (分) and the game is in the eighth inning (局).I guess he can be on our team and we’ll try to put him in to bat in the final inning. Shay struggled over to the team’s bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart. The boys saw the f ather’s joy at his son being accepted. In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shay’s team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. In the top of the final inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the field. Even though no hits came his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. In the bottom of the final inning, Shay’s team scored again. Now, Shay was scheduled to be next at bat. Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game? Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat. Everyo ne knew that a hit was almost impossible. The first pitch (投) came and Shay missed. The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay. As the pitch came in, Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher. The pitcher could have easily thrown he ball to the first baseman and Shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game .Instead, the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teammates, The audience and the players from both teams started screaming, “Shay, run to first!” Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base, wide-eyed and shocked. Everyone should, “Run to second!” Catching his breath, Shay awkwardly ran towards second. By the time Shay rounded towards second base, the smallest guy on their team, who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time, could have thrown the ball to the second baseman, but he understood the pitcher’s intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head. All were screaming，“Shay，Shay，Shay，all the way Shay.” Shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted, “Shay, run to third.” As Shay rounded third, all were on their feet, crying, “Shay, run home！”Shay ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who t won the game for his team. That day, the boys from both teams helped bring a piece true love and humanity into this world. Shay didn’t make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day! (  ) 1. Not expecting much, Shay’s father still asked the boy if Shay could play, mainly because the father _________. A. noticed some of the boys on the field were heisting B. guessed his presence would affect the boy’s decision C. learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay well D. understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted (  ) 2. In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys _________. A. believed they were sure to win the game B. would like to help Shay enjoy the game C. found Shay was so eager to be a winner D. fell forced to give Shay another chance (  ) 3. The smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head, probably because that boy ________. A. was obviously aware of the pitcher’s purpose B. looked forward to winning the game for his team C. failed to throw the ball to the second baseman D. saw that Shay already reached second base (  ) 4. Which of the following has nothing to do with Shay’s becoming the hero for his team? A. The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman. B. The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him. C. The opposing players failed to stop his running to home. D. One of the opposing players ran to help him. (  ) 5. What to you think is the theme of the story? A. True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other. B. Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled. C. Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents. D. The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players. B篇 第四篇文章是一篇关于爱的教育的故事。一位父亲鼓励帮助自己心智和身体残疾的儿子，和正常人一样参与棒球运动，并且得到同伴的认可。文章富有教育意义。 66. 细节题。 根据题干关键词定位到文章第一段，but处出题，最后一句”it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence”得出答案D为正确选项。 67.细节题。答案在原文第五段surprisingly处，显示了一种转折。在上一段讲了Shay的团队赢分了，在上文even though点出尽管他没有一个球是他进的，但他仍然感到很喜悦。在第五段文章说他被伙伴们同意进入了最后一局。可见答案B是正确的，所有人都希望能够帮助他成功。 68. 细节题。根据题干将关键词定位到第七段”the smallest guy on their team”，这是个长难句，who引导了一个非限制性定语从句，他本可以成为比赛最后的hero,可but 点出了转折，他明白pitcher的意图并且帮助了Shay的成功。可见答案A正确。 69.推断题。题干问下面哪一项是和Shay的成功无关的。文章第八段最后说众人喊道: “Shay, run home”,当他run home之后，我们看到结果是他成功了，他成为了Hero，可见没有任何人在这个时候阻止了他。可见C选项是与他的成功无关的，为正确选项。 70. 主旨大意题。文章处处渗透了球队人与人之间的相互尊重，因此A选项包容性最大， B,C,D都是很片面的。