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鱼缸过滤器制作(Fish tank filter making)

2018-02-12 13页 doc 49KB 26阅读

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鱼缸过滤器制作(Fish tank filter making)鱼缸过滤器制作(Fish tank filter making) 鱼缸过滤器制作(Fish tank filter making) Preliminary knowledge and basic skills of water weed planting 1. Height of aquarium for planting aquatic plants The water level is generally as high as 45 centimeters to 60 centimeters, mainly for...
鱼缸过滤器制作(Fish tank filter making)
鱼缸过滤器制作(Fish tank filter making) 鱼缸过滤器制作(Fish tank filter making) Preliminary knowledge and basic skills of water weed planting 1. Height of aquarium for planting aquatic plants The water level is generally as high as 45 centimeters to 60 centimeters, mainly for the light penetration of fluorescent light! More than 60 cm will affect the fluorescent light penetration, may lead to small plants cannot receive enough light; even when using a metal halide lamp is the best water level will remain at 67 cm below, maintenance and pruning on water and high cylinder are not easy days after. Of course, less than 45 centimeters will affect the overall beauty of the water jar. What's more, if the light source is too close to the water surface and the water level of the aquarium is not deep enough, the light intensity of the water will be too strong, and finally it will be necrotic because of dehydration. Water dehydration is often manifested in: red red to purple grass; grass bud small or unhealthy curly atrophy. 2. Width of aquarium for planting aquatic plants Put out the lamp into general use width: 70 cm in length to the aquarium 120 cm in width should be 40 cm above the best can reach 60 cm that can be placed four sets of special aquarium lamp bracket and so deep but also for the aquarium landscaping. 3, lighting The lack of lighting quality and price considerations for tools, recommended NEC-HG type tube type 865; Philips lamp; Queen of whales and Sylvania ultra light or sun halogen tube. Remind you that the general lighting is not suitable for use in plants! Among these brands, NEC-HG is the most commonly used. Unfortunately, there are a lot of counterfeit NEC lights on the market, and they can be scraped with hard objects on the brand labels of the tubes, fake ones can be scraped off, and genuine labels will not be scraped away! And pay attention to the model is HG, the lamp rack should pay attention to reflection, material corrosion resistance and water resistance, the domestic aquarium brand I recommend ATMAN. In addition, attention should be paid to the installation of the lamp, and the distance from the water surface is best within 10-15 centimeters! 4. Bottom sediment Generally, the commercial aquatic plants are coarse sand, but different kinds of water plants can also be used, such as black sands, white sands, etc.. Advanced such as silicon sand; silica sand; sand base; ADA mud, it must be noted that only water banyan can survive in alkaline water, so the general can not use coral sand or other alkaline sand or mud and stone, while ADA is too acidic, generally only the sun grass, grass shutter can endure so low PH. 5. Filtration system If you do not consider the factors of price and space, filtration equipment is of course better, the more the better, because this is one of the most important link, select a suitable own aquarium filtration equipment in the limited space is very necessary, because most of the domestic game player the idea doesn't change, so not the top equipment, such as Germany's Yihan etc.. I recommend the combination within the external filtering pump and pumping motor built-in combination, pay attention to the external model with the best than the manufacturer's recommended one or more, more than 1.8M with 2! If you have a set of economic conditions and quicksand filters, then the pumping motor changed to "black diamond" the better of course. 6, carbon dioxide This is the primary game player is easy to ignore but it is a very important link, we learned in the junior middle school biology class: plants in the daytime (photosynthesis) to absorb carbon dioxide, release oxygen, in at night. The general water tank of carbon dioxide concentration should be PPM to 10-20 with the concentration of grass, of course not too much, because it can make excess fish hypoxia will make PH significantly reduced, we remind you of commercially available tablets and so-called carbon powder generator had no practical effect, and may have a negative effect only use CO2, cylinder or electrolytic carbon dioxide generator will have actual effect, and the release amount of electrolytic carbon dioxide generator seems difficult to grasp, so it is not recommended to use! 7. Constant temperature system Personally, there's nothing more to say about this problem, But note: a liter of water needs a watt of power. In species, the negative grasses and nets grass; the golden wave grass; big wave and other tubers need to be below 26 degrees (preferably 18-22), while the red water plants prefer high temperature and grow well at 26-30 degrees. Recommended brands: Germany JBL; SERA; jaguar. The United States Red Cross and France's thunder wolf, etc., domestic brands recommend ATMAN for the first choice! 8. Fertilizers Fertilizer and fertilizer: most plants need a root grass root growth, so the cylinder bottom needs to be laid in the basal, and large plants and red grass root under additional fertilizer. Note: if you use the bottom filter, you can't use this fertilizer! Iron fertilizer and fertilizer chelated iron: iron fertilizer is added water on the iron needs, and chelated iron fertilizer is used to extend the two valent iron in time, water recommendation: solid iron fertilizer JBL has slowly dissolving characteristics and have high quality assurance! Water is liquid fertilizer: "staple food", every day to add, add amount due to various brands of different concentration so not unified, according to the instructions of the half amount added (column name: Book: 100 kg add 40 ml of water for 1 weeks, then divide 40 by 7 and then in addition to 2 is your daily amount) recommended brand: SERA; DUPLA; TETRA; ADA, but because of the large amount of imports of long time interval, the fresh degree of difference, many trace elements which have been oxidized, it is best for yourself, tell you the color is colorless is the best, and the yellow is not good (not fresh)! In addition, fertilizer should be stored away from light, with close cap! Individual trace elements: P, N: general by fish to supplement the The new supersedes the old. too much, but the fish may produce excessive amounts of elements, it will induce algae. Because plants cannot absorb a single element, other elements need to "neutral", so when a missing element makes other elements cannot be completely absorbed. It evoked similar to green algae and algae, whereas when an element is too much of this element cannot be completely absorbed, if too much phosphorus or nitrogen can cause similar to the black hair of algae, so grass cylinder don't have too many fish, the best is a liter of water fish (refers to one centimeter small fish), if too few fish to add trace elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus! (for example, Holland style aquatic plants landscape style is not put fish only): pay attention to: sometimes too fat and lack of fertilizer in the form of expression is very similar, should pay attention to distinguish! Black hair algae is the bane of black fox! Authentic Black Fox has a short black line in the body and around the anus, black line extends to the tail, the water snails eat kelp, as long as not too much (because the Qing moss is also on the survival of the rats eat kelp) don't try to kill them! Attention: prevention is always more important than treatment! Eliminating algae by living creatures is not the way to create perfect water tanks! Note: the grass spread fertilizer and base fertilizer shop law is 1/3 1/2 to get the bottom sand mixed fertilizer (100 kg sediment add one kilogram of basal) laid on the bottom, then another sand on the (uniform), disposable tablecloth is arranged on the water, to prevent the the basal turn (if it is used to put a small bowl of water), after the water after adding chlorine removing agent (or exposed to air for two days) and adding heavy metal ions and water quality stabilizer, finally adding nitrifying bacteria to a small amount, and in 3 days can reeds, again after two days (1 days in fish in addition, not feeding) fertilizer on time from 4 hours a day to 10 hours (avoid natural light), open (close) lights one hour open (close) a year after a month for a new lamp, do not use tap filter Water washing (kill nitrifying bacteria) the best use of the original water tank in the cylinder, three years later for sand and fertilizer! 1) nitrifying bacteria: commercially available domestic nitrifying bacteria were almost medium nitrifying bacteria, into the water for 3 days to start training (which is why the new cylinder needs in 3 days to fish; one of the main reasons, the main growth of grass) in filtering cotton balls; students; ceramic ring and the bottom of the sand. 2) grass: the grass is easy to dehydrate after being sold by the aquarium. It is wrapped up in newspaper and sprayed with water on it. When you are ready for it will damage and aging of the leaves removed, and root pruning: most of the stems of grass root can put all cut off, usually within a week will produce new root and crown and tuber should be cut to 1/3 to half of the root, and in the distance from the root 4 centimeters add root (too close will cause rot). And the negative grasses need to be sorted out. In a positive grass in two days before the day to light 10 - 12 hours, and appropriately increase the amount of CO2, thus prompting its photosynthesis and activating its phototropism to natural stretch, and gas exchange can make the wound to put a lot of oxygen, thus contributing to the auto repair. And the negative grass is just the opposite, because it will change the environment will have a growth period, so the time can not be too long, otherwise algae will be able to take advantage of organic. When it grows normally, it is gradually adjusted to 8 hours per day. The photosynthetic forms of plants are as follows: CO2+2H2O--> (CH2O) +O2+H2O Breathing (nighttime): CH2O+O2-->CO2+H2O Not under fertilizer in 3 days, because in the water without the use of water nutrient before normal growth speed is far better than algae come, plus algae and aquatic plants absorb the same nutrients, and if found traces of algae should immediately reduce light per day to 4 - 6 hours, to be after the normal growth of plants and then gradually increased to 8-10 hours a day. Remember: every day the switch time fixed, because the plant and animal as a biological clock, can be observed: if you are a fixed time to switch the words you can find: every day you turn on the lights for half an hour after some grass leaves will slowly open, and the lights are turned off before half an hour to one hour leaves start slowly up (which is the most obvious in stems of grass). If you constantly change the time of the switch, it will disrupt the biological clock of the water plant, resulting in poor growth, and virtually give the algae a chance of rapid growth. Algae introduction: algae are unicellular or multicellular light and self-supporting protists. Its characteristic is: generally has the Photosynthesis Pigment to be able to carry on the photosynthesis, makes the nutrition for own need. The tissue is poorly differentiated and does not have a true root; stems; leaves. The color and shape vary greatly due to the different species. Its structure is relatively simple and is considered as the lowest plant. The reproduction mode of algae is one of the important bases to determine their relationship and taxonomic status. Most algae can be carried out in 3 ways: sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction and vegetative reproduction. The sexual reproduction of reproductive cells called cotyledons, asexual reproductive cells called spores and vegetative propagation is divided into cell division method and fracture by two, the former mainly occur in many unicellular algae, by cell division into two cells, divided into two new individuals, sometimes sub cells do not separate a temporary group. The latter is often used in algae with complex structure, which is a small part of the plant's self breaking, and each small part can grow into a new individual. Most algal spores are only a few microns in size and can not be seen by the naked eye. They are usually brought into the aquarium when new fish, new grasses enter the aquarium. In addition, there are also entrained water sources such as tap water. These spores will wait for suitable environmental conditions to wait for reproduction in the water tank. Now let me explain why more water changes to reduce algae production: Most algae spores in the light can make the nitrate and phosphate dissolved into the tissue and reproduction of the opportunity, when the amount of nitrate contained in the aquarium; and the water into the acid phosphate, CO2, is the best time of spore blooms. One of the main role for water is to reduce the concentration of nitrate and phosphate, but also some trace elements added, so the water exchange and interval time also should not overdo sth., but not blindly change the water! Why the Fed live food or poor quality of fish breed algae? Like other algae microorganisms, inorganic compounds also need to survive, the main nutrient: carbon dioxide; microorganism; iron; copper; molybdenum; nitrogen and phosphorus, and nitrogen, high phosphorus content of the living things and the poor quality of the fish food. Instead of high quality fish food containing nitrogen and phosphorus are relatively low, so it is recommended to use high-quality grass cylinder in the fish food to feed the fish, recommended brands: JBL, Tetra and Cerritos. It can be seen from the above that the algae, as the lower plants, have higher vitality, adaptability and strong fecundity. I do not agree with the use of algae removal agents, there are four reasons: first, the chemical additives in the grass cylinder should be less, the better. Two, prevention is more important than treatment. Three, algae and aquatic plants are aquatic plants, since it can kill algae, it is bound to hurt the grass! Four, algae can't be eradicated in any way! Even if the algae were temporarily controlled, the algae would continue to flourish as soon as the drug passed! So the cure table is more important than! Matters needing attention when put the fish in the new period of the first cylinder put some relatively strong adaptability and can reflect the water quality of fish, such as lotus lamp, red nose scissors etc.. Please don't feed the fish when it does not reflect the discomfort, and the color gradually bright, reentry of other fish (Note: some species are herbivorous or attack other fish habit, should advance to the aquarium staff asked and stressed) in tanks should be connected together to soak 10 minutes bag in order to make the water temperature in the bag and a cylinder in uniform. Unfasten the bag slowly into the cylinder in water, water and water in the bowl to bag PH; similar KH index, then put the fish in the tank, at the same time note: do not put the bag in the water into your tank, first outside the back water may contain bacteria, secondly, fish in the catch and in the process of transportation are in a state of tension, the fish will only release a lot to protect his own mucus. Water for daily maintenance: the best grass cylinder every week for 1/3 water, changing the water if you are using the absorption bands of sand washing function, the best wash Shatou into the sand (not inserted too deep to avoid smoking basal level) so you can remove the part of the precipitation in the sand residue, reduce the toxic gas hydrogen sulfide the change, adjust the pH of water and water hardness, reduce the nitrite concentration, promote water gas exchange, promote appetite and growth of fish, increased water transparency. Replace the new water is best to tap water, add appropriate amount of water stabilizer after direct use, winter should pay attention to water temperature, try to make new water and cylinder temperature as close as possible! There are a lot of water plant fans, very fond of red lines of aquatic plants! Indeed, in a jar of exuberant green leaves dotted with some eye-catching red is the finishing touch of the effect, unfortunately, planting red water is not a simple matter, we will for you in the planting process of red plants provide some tips. Red grass red or not is mainly to see whether the use of fertilizer is appropriate, the following we together for analysis: 1) light: red grass indeed need light, but requires positive all the grass to light are the same, of course, is the light and dark areas of a bowl, try to put the red grass in the brightest place on it! In addition, the general aquarium is red with green, only play the role of embellishment, speaking from the landscape as far as possible to the red grass planted in the 1/3 tank length, because of the visual on the golden point that attracts the most attention. Some people think that the red sun halogen lamp can make red grass more red, but in fact, this is just the visual effect, in fact, the sun halogen lamp light wave is more suitable for green grass, red grass rarely absorb this light wave! 2) fertilizer: This is the key to red grass, usually in the root of red grass regularly add root fertilizer or granular fertilizer. It should be noted that the effective area of one root fertilizer is eight square centimeters. The use of fertilizer, fertilizer on the red grass need a large number of high quality requirements. It's important to note that some red grass looks very red, Dehydration caused by excessive fertilizer. To observe whether the terminal bud miniaturization, whether there is a feeling of powder color, if you have the above two points, that may have had signs of dehydration, if not timely adjustment will lead to the death of terminal bud, bud will grow out from near the original bud, that is to say, a lot of stems of grass growing buds was a healthy performance). And some red grass seems not too red, but leaves, stems are thick, apical hypertrophy. This is the performance of health, just add more iron and manganese trace elements can be, and iron and manganese two trace elements of high concentration can make aquatic plants show more gorgeous color! 3) CO2: red line grass absorbs more CO2, but it can't be too much. If it exceeds 20PPM, it will dehydrate easily! Finally, we'll add some more questions: 1) if you are using the CO2 diffusion bucket (set on this in a pumping motor) of the game player can look at the same size, release CO2 in just the lights in the barrel of residual gas is less, but with the passage of time will be more and more residual gas. This is because less gas content in water gas into the morning, so soon dissolve, but with the passage of time the gas content in water will become increasingly high, so the dissolved quantity is less and less, the dissolution time becomes longer, so the lights in six hours after the best appropriate two carbon dioxide release less but the morning too large, otherwise easy to cause hypoxia, because the dissolution rate of water gas quickly, and can quickly reduce the pH, and pH shock will make fish burns mucosa and the fins! 2) some water is lack of inspection, such as blood fat zimran, President of centipede (a lot of water in the root root in the stem) believe that we have seen! This is the lack of fertilizer performance! Especially fertilizer and root fertilizer! Some grass and lack of fertilizer fertilizer forms are similar, usually through the observation of these details can be added to adjust the amount of liquid fertilizer!
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