英语国际音标教学(表格精讲版).doc

英语国际音标教学(格精讲版).doc 音标的含义 音标是记录音素的符号，是音素的标写符号。狭义上的音标指的就是指英语音标。英语国际音标 共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。 国际音标(英语语音) 前元音 [i:] [i] [e] [æ] 单元音 中元音 [?] [?:] [?] 元音 后元音 [u:] [u] [?:] [?] [a:] 开合双元音 [ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au] 双元音 集中双元音 [i?] [ε?] [u?] 清辅音 [p] [t] [k] 爆破音 浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] 清辅音 [f] [s] [?] [θ] [h] 摩擦音 浊辅音 [v] [z] [?] [ð] 辅音 清辅音 [t?] [tr] [ts] 破擦音 浊辅音 [d?] [dr] [dz] 鼻音 (浊辅音) [m] [n] [?] 舌则音 (浊辅音) [l] [r] 半元音 (浊辅音) [w] [j] *清音，即全体清辅音;浊音，即全体元音和全体辅音 *[?]又叫长鼻音或者后鼻音 *半元音也属于辅音 英语字母发音表 A a [ei] N n [en] B b [bi:] O o [?u] C c [si:] P p [pi:] D d [di:] Q q [kju:] E e [i:] R r [a:] F f [ef] S s [es] [d?i:] G g T t [ti:] [eit?] H h U u [ju:] I i [ai] V v [vi:] [d?ei] [‘d?blju:] J j W w K k [kei] X x [eks] L l [el] Y y [wai] [zed]或[zi:] M m [em] Z z 英语字母发音归类 [ei] Aa Hh Jj Kk [i:] Ee Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv [ai] Ii Yy [?u] Oo [ju:] Uu Qq Ww [a:] Rr [e] Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 语音基础知识 ?音素:即每一个独立的国际音标。 E.g. study [s-t-?-d-i] (含5个音素) car [k-a:](含2个音素) dictionary [d-i-k-?-?-n-?-r-i](含9个音素) ?音标:即每一个单词的完整的注音记录。 E.g. study [st?-di] country [k?n-tri] (((( ?常见的字母与字母组合发音规则 元音字母的发音 (一)元音字母a (1) [ei] paper ; late ; make ; lake ; face (2) [æ] bag ; fat ; cat ; ladder ; mass (3) [?] ago ; along ; among ; above ; aloud (4) [i] comrade ; village ; manager; palace ; private (5) [a:] dance ;France ; chance ;ask ;mask ;task ;basket (二)元音字母e (1) [i:] me ;he ;she ;these ;evening (2) [e] hen ;get ; set ;tell ; echo (3) [i] useless ;ticket ;basket ;pocket ;before ;below (三)元音字母i (1) [ai] China ; hi ; time ; guide ; (2) [i] sit ; hit ; ill ; little ; (3) [i] unit (四)元音字母o (1) [?u] no ; so ; go ; home ; photo ; (2) [?] not ; hot ; box ; fox ; cock ; cost ; (3) [?] purpose ; concern (4) [?] son ; month ; come ; love ; dove ; glove mother (五)元音字母u upil ; student ; use ; cube (1) [ju:] p (2) [?]——cut ; luck ; umbrella ; us (3) [u]——put ; full ; pull 元音字母组合的拼读规则 (一)元音字母a的字母组合 (1)ai或ay [ei] rain ; train ; brain ; pain;day ; may(2)al [?:] small ; wall ; call ; talk ; walk ;chalk (3)-ance [a: ns] chance ; dance ; France (4)-ant [?nt] assistant ; important ;peasant (5)-ange [eind?] change ; danger ; strange (二)元音字母e的组合 (1)-ea -ea[i:] team ; meat ; lead ; teach ; read; please ; -ea[e] threat ; bread;; peasant -ea[i?] real ; really -ea[ei] great ; break (2)-ee[i:] feel ; week ; keep ; three ; street ; sweep (3)-er[?:] her ; term ; service ; Germany [?] worker ; paper ; western ; teacher (三)元音字母i的组合 (1)-ie [i:] field ; piece ; achieve [ai] lie ; die ; tie (2)-igh(t) [ai] high ; night ; light ; bright 3)-ir [?:] girl ; firm ; circle ; first ; third ( (四)元音字母o的组合 (1)-oa [?u] boat ; coat ; road ; goat (2)-oi [?i] point ; join ; oil (3)-oo [u:] soon ; too ; zoo ; room ; noon ; food (4)-or [?:] for ; horse ; important ; morning ; born (五)元音字母u的组合 (1)-u [u] full ; bull ; pull ; push ; bush (2)-ue [ju:] argue ; continue 辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则 1.b [b] back ; big ; lab ; brother 2.c [s] city ; Bruce ; juice ; bicycle ;face ; central 3.d [d] did ; made ; desk ; duck ; doubt ; damage 4.f [f] five ; flag ; life ; leaf 5.g [d?] large ; general ; gymnastics ; age ; energy 6.h [h] help ; behave ; hello ; hit ; hurry 7.j [d?] joy ; judge ; injure ; journey ; January ; jar ; jus 8.k [k] king ; milk ; kick ; kiss ; lock ; knock 9.l [l] light ;look ; let ; lab ; live 10.m [m] meet ; meat ; mother ; come ; make ; Tom 11.n [n] in ; now ; next ; ton ; nest 12.p [p] map ; cap ; people ; pest 13.q [k] unique 14.r [r] room ;read ; rest ; around 15.s [s] see ; some ; set ; sister ; works ; lips ; newspaper 16.t [t] tooth ; cat ; teach ; tool ; hit; cut ; let ; ten 17.v [v] very ; live ; vehicle ; vase ; valley ; village 18.w [w] wear ; window ; widow ; week ; weak ; wisdom 19.x [ks] box ; fox ; next ; textile 20.y [j] you ; youth ; yes ; young 21.z [z] zoo ; quiz ; zebra ; zero