名词性从句专练

名词性从句专练 www. zgjhjy.com 授课 学员姓名: _ ___ 授课教师:_ 王新刚____ 所授科目:____英语______ 学员年级:_高___上课时间:2011_年__月__日_时 0_分至_ 时0_分共 2__小时 名词性从句专讲专练 教学标 教学目标 教学重难点 上次作业检查 授课内容: I( 引导词 A( 连词: that (没有实在意义，不充当句子成份) whether (是否，不充当句子成份， 可以引导各类名词性从句，一般可以和or, or not 连用) if (是否，不充当句子成份，引导宾语从句。 注意:它还可以引导条件状语从句，“如果”) as if (好像， 可引导表语从句。 注意: 它还可以引导方式状语从句。) because (因为，可引导表语从句。它还可以引导原因状语从句。) B.连接代词: who (谁，在从句中作主语、表语) whom (谁，在从句中作宾语、表语) whose (谁的， 在从句中作定语) what (在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语时泛指事物，没有具体的含义，但作定语时可以 翻译为“什么”; 另外，它还可以用来询问“价格，人口等”，表示“多少”) which (哪一个/些， 在从句中充当宾语和定语，一般强调在某一范围内的(哪个//些….) whoever (无论谁，在从句中作主语、表语) whomever (无论谁，在从句中作宾语) whosever (无论谁的， 在从句中作定语) whatever (在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语时可以翻译为“无论什么”) whichever (无论哪一个/些， 一般在从句中充当宾语、和定语，而且强调在某一范围中的“无论哪一个/些”) C:连接副词:(注意:所有的连接副词在从句中都是充当状语) when (什么时候) where (哪里/在某处) why (为什么) how (1、多么，后接形容词或副词; 2、怎么样，如何，修饰动词，动作实行的方式) how many (多少， 后接可数名词) 作业: 学员课堂表现: 签字确认 学员_____________ 教师_____________ 班主任_____________ 1细节决定未来 www. zgjhjy.com how much (多少， 接不可数名词) how long (多长，指时间，回答可用“for+一段时间”) how far (多远，指路程或距离) how soon (多快，指时间，回答可用“in+一段时间”) how fast (多快，指速度) however (1、无论多么， 后接形容词或副词; 2、 怎么样， 如何， 修饰动词，说明动作实行的 方式) wherever (无论哪里) whenever (无论何时//什么时候) Cf. no matter how no matter where no matter when 只能引导让步状语从句 II. 各类名词性复合句的句型结构特点: A(主语从句: 主语从句 + 主句的谓语动词 + (宾语)+ 状语或其他 That he failed the math exam surprised all of us. That you joined us made all of us happy. That he didn’t care for money was a lie. Whether we’ll go out for an outing depends on the weather. What he did added to our difficulty. What surprised everybody was that he didn’t come to the meeting. B(宾语从句: a. 主句的主语 +主句的谓语动词 (vt. // vi. +prep./adv.)+宾语从句 The manager came out to see what was the matter. Have you decided which subject you are going to choose? He asked me how soon we would finish the work. We have to find out whose fault it was. b. 主句的主语 +主句的谓语 +其他 + 介词 +宾语从句 The importance of bringing in new machines lies in that they can help to produce more clothes. The soldiers stood there still except that his lips were moving. What we eat now is very different from what we used to eat. Finally they decided to settle in what is called New England now. Give the book to whomever you meet in the classroom. I know nothing about whether Mr. Smith’s operation had been successful. C(表语从句: 主句的主语 +主句的谓语动词be //link v. +表语从句 The question is whether our meeting should be put off. He is a lazy boy and that is why he is always late for school. D(同位语从句: 抽象名词 + 同位语从句(一般用that引导-----陈述语气) 常见的抽象名词有: truth fact news information idea// viewpoint------have an idea----陈述语 气 2细节决定未来 www. zgjhjy.com have no idea-----疑问语气 problem question belief faith order command request requirement demand suggestion advice proposal insistence fear hope wish The question whether he will come or not is not settled. Do you have any idea when he will set off? I didn’t know the fact that he was angry until you told me. Nothing can change his faith that he can be a very successful man in the near future. The idea that we try again is a good one. III. 各类从句的特定句型: 1) 主语从句:用it 作形式主语的句型 a. It + be + adj.//n. +主语从句 ** It is natural // important // necessary // surprising // strange // funny + that 引导的主 语从句，从句的谓语动词可以用 (should) + do // be done 的形式 It is natural that we should learn English well. It is important that we (should) keep the balance of nature. It is natural that you (should) forget it first. It is strange that you (should) say no. b. It + be + V.(p.p.) +主语从句 It is requested that Miss Wang (should) give a speech at the meeting. It is suggested that we (should) have a meeting next week. It is ordered that we (should) go to the place where we are needed best. c. It (so) + happened +主语从句 It so happened that I was at the spot at that time. It happened that I was out that day. d. It + matters //mattered (much//little) +主语从句 It matters much whether you are determined or not if you want to succeed. e. It + doesn’t//didn’t matter +主语从句 It doesn’t matter whether we have money or not.. f. It + seems//seemed (to sb) + adj.//n. + 主语从句 It seems to me quite strange that he should be so rude to his classmates. g. It + depends +主语从句 It depends whether we can do it with fewer workers and less money. h. It is no wonder + that主语从句 It is no wonder that he got high marks in the exam. It is no wonder that you misunderstood him. i. It makes no // little // great … difference +主语从句 It won’t make any difference whether she will accept the invitation or not. It made great difference whether he would come to my birthday party or not. 2) 宾语从句:用it 作形式宾语的句型 a. make// find// feel // think // consider // believe // suppose + adj. // n. +宾语从 句 I never believe it true that he is dishonest. I think it wrong that the young don’t respect the old. You’d better make it clear that you are only a boy. Do you think it a pity that she can’t come to our party? 3细节决定未来 www. zgjhjy.com b. 主句的主语 + 主句的谓语 + it +宾语从句 I hate it when people speak with their mouth full. I dislike it when he spoke to me like that. Never depend on it that God will help you. Why don’t you bring it to his attention that you are too busy to do it? 1. It depends on +宾语从句 2. 主句的主语 + 主句的谓语 + it +宾语从句 I heard it said that he was killed in the battle. 3) 表语从句: a. It looks/looked as if-clause It looks as if // as though someone were running after her now. It looks as if // as though she were two years younger today. It looks as if // as though she hadn’t done that at all. It looks as if // she would live another 100 years. b. It seems//seemed that-clause It seems that he is very disappointed. c. It appears//appeared that-clause It appeared that he could do everything possible to help the poor. d. That’s//This is +表语从句 That is what I wanted to say to you. e. It is because… If you asked me why I fired you, I would say that it was all because you were as lazy as a pig. 4) 同位语从句: a. have no idea +同位语从句 Sorry, I really have no idea where she lives. Have you any idea when she is leaving for Beijing? b. have an idea + that引导同位语从句 I have an idea that she won’t leave me whatever happens. c. there is no need// no doubt + that引导同位语从句 There is no need that you worry about his safety, you see, he is a big boy now. There is no doubt that he is devoted to you. d. there is (great) doubt + 同位语从句 There is great doubt who have stolen the car . e. Word came +that引导同位语从句 (为了使句子结构更加平衡，抽象名词作主语而后面接有一个同位语从句时，往往把同位语从句后置。) Word came that the playground in our school would be replaced by a gym. Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. The question came up at the meeting whether we had enough money for our research. IV. 注意问题 1. 语气问题: 所谓肯定语气就是从句本身不缺少任何句子成分，只需要连接词that 就可以表达一个完整的意 思; 而所谓的疑问语气则是指主句本身包含有疑问的、或不清楚、不肯定的、或还没有决定等 意向，或者是从句还需要某个带疑问语气的连接词来充当某个句子成分才能表达一个完整的意义 或概念，这时不能用that来引导从句。(一般说来，ever类词和that 都是表达肯定语气的选择。) 4细节决定未来 www. zgjhjy.com Who stole the necklace will be found out soon. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. I don’t know whether he’ll come to our help. What the doctor really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. What made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. That fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. That Japan lies east of China is known to us all. That people spend so much money on their pets surprises us a lot. His ability has never been in doubt --- the question is whether he is prepared to work hard. 2. 语序问题:凡是从句都应该用陈述的语序。 The manager asked what was the matter // the trouble. The manager asked what was wrong. The teacher asked who had broken the window. (_上面三句话的引导词都充当主语，语序不变。) t turned up. The teacher asked why Tom hadn’ 3. 主谓一致:一般说来，单个的主语从句做主语，主句的谓语动词用单数。 1.The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ___ he would die of the disease. A. that B. which C. of which D. of that 2. The idea ___ we should have more industry in this area is a good one. A. that B. which C. what D. how 3. We expressed the hope ___ they would come and visit China again. A. which B. that C. when D. if 4. The order came ___ the soldiers ___ the small village the next morning. A. that; had to leave B. that, should leave C. /, must leave D. when; should leave 巩固性练习: 1、It doesn’t matter I rest or not. A(if B(whether C(that D(when 2、________I can’t understand is he wants to change his mind. A(that, that B(which, what C(what, why D(what, that 3、 I was free that day. A(It happened to B(It happened that C(That happened D(It was happened that 4、He you are not going abroad. A(surprised that B(is surprised whether C(is surprised that D surprised at 5、I wonder how much . A(cost the coat B(does the coat cost C(the coat costs D(the coat is cost 6、 I have will be yours sooner or later. A(No matter what B(Whatever C(Whether D(That 7、 in the newspaper that the Japanese Minister will arrive in Beijing next Friday. A(It says B(He is said C(It has said D(It is said 8、 we go swimming every day us a lot of good. A(If, do B(That, do C(If, does D(That, does 9、Is this we met them last night., A(where B(place C(place in which D(place which 5细节决定未来 www. zgjhjy.com 10、We all know the truth there is air, water and sunlight there are living things. A(where B(wherever C(that D(that wherever 11、I think it is you’re eating too much. A(that B(because C(the reason D(for 12、It is said has been translated into French. A(that that B(which C(that D(that which 13、It is still a question we shall have our sports meet. A(why B(that C(when D(which 14、It’s not yet clear of those will be chosen to go abroad. A(that B(which C(whom D(who 17、Go and get your glasses. It’s you left it. A(there B(where C(there where D(where there 18、——Do you remember he came? ——Yes, I do. He came by train. A(how B(when C(where D(that 19、 we can’t get seems better than we have. A(What, what B(What, that C(That, that D(That, what 21、 they have won the game made us excited. A(/ B(That C(What D(Where 22、 I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business. A(If B(Whether C(Even if D(When 23、 he says in his report is a very interesting question. A(What all B(All what C(What D(What that 24、When they will start not been decided. A(have B(is C(does D(has 25、 certain that his invention will lead to the development of production. A(That is B(This is C(It is D(It has 28、The trouble is we are short of hands. A(what B(that C(how D(which 29、Energy is makes things work. A(what B(everything C(something D(that 30、My hometown is not it used to ten years ago. A(when; do B(what; do C(what; be D(when; be 31、The reason I have to go is my mother is ill in bed. A(why; why B(why; because C(why; that D(that; because 32、The thought he might fail in the exam worried him. A(which B(that C(when D(so that 33、That is I lost my pen. A(when B(where C(that D(what 36、He was interested in he had seen at the exhibition. A(which B(that C(all what D(all that 37、He often thinks of he can do more for his country. A(what B(how C(that D(which 38、He made quite clear that he wouldn’t change his mind. A(this B(that C(it D(what 39、He got angry with was against his opinion. A(whom B(who C(whoever D(anyone 6细节决定未来 www. zgjhjy.com 43、The news he died in the battle has got round in the village. A(that B(which C(what D(this 44. you say, I wouldn’t allow you to do that. A(What B(Which C(Whatever D(However 45、We are wondering our teacher will come to the party or not. A(if B(that C(why D(whether 46、 he has been getting on well with his studies makes all of us happy. A(Which B(How C(What D(That 47、That is he failed to arrive on time. A(where B(whether C(why D(when 50、The truth the factory would break down made all the workers shocked. A(of which B(that C(about that D(what 提高篇: 1._____ there is life on another planet is almost impossible. A. How B. That C. Why D. Whether 2. ____ the scientist will give us a lecture next week is true. A. That B. Where C. Why D. Who 3. How surprising ____ he should have refused to come. A. is he that B. he is that C. is it that D. it is that 4. Has it been announced _____ the planes are to take off? A. when B if C. which D. what 5. It is still not decided ____ should be our headmaster. A. which B. that C. who D. whoever 6. I don’t doubt ____ he will come. There is no doubt ___ he will come. I doubt ____ he will come. 7. I know nothing about her but _____ she is from Canada. A. how B. when C. that D. why 8. It depends on ______ we have enough time. A. if B. if or not C. that D. whether 9. _____ he doesn’t like them is very clear. A. What B. That C. Which D. Where 10. ____ proves that my advice is right. A. It will happen that B That has happened C. What has happened D. When it happens 11. What a pity ___ is ____ you didn’t arrive by day. A. there ; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for 12. Please give the book to ___ wins the first prize. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 13. The question he asked was ____ the electrical equipment should be stored. A. what B. which C. where D. because 14. A man’s worth lies not so much in ___ he has as in ____ he is. A. that; what B. what ; what C. that ; that D. what; that 15. ______ studies hard will pass the exam with ease. A. Whoever B Any student C. Who D. Those who 16. _____ he will be sent to Hai-nan is certain. 7细节决定未来 www. zgjhjy.com A. Why B. Whether C. That D. How 17. The gentleman insisted that he ____ the wallet. A. had not seen B not see C. would not see D. did not see 18. ____ think will take care of the children? A. Who you B. who do you C. whom you D. whom do you 19. ____ get this machine? A. Do you think where can we B. Where do you think we can C. Where you think we can D. Where can you think we 20. Who is ______ spoke first? A. what that B. it that C. it it D. what what 8细节决定未来