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家用数码相机推荐

2017-10-14 50页 doc 158KB 5阅读

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家用数码相机推荐家用数码相机推荐 家用数码相机推荐 悬赏分:5 - 解决时间:2009-2-21 11:32 想买SONY或NIKON或CANON,哪个牌子比较好啊 1,2千可以接受 最好再给几个具体型号,谢谢拉 提问者: 跳?海 - 试用期 一级 最佳答案 个人意见:要是你看重时尚外观,买索尼。要是注重成像质量,选首选佳能和尼康。我个人不是很喜欢索尼的潜望镜式镜头,毛病在于: 一、光路长,相对光圈小,会造成抓拍困难。 二、镜头口径小,相对分辨差,高像素变的没有意义。 三、变焦时相对形变严重,容易造成成像不均匀。再一个索尼...
家用数码相机推荐
家用数码相机推荐 家用数码相机推荐 悬赏分:5 - 解决时间:2009-2-21 11:32 想买SONY或NIKON或CANON,哪个牌子比较好啊 1,2千可以接受 最好再给几个具体型号,谢谢拉 提问者: 跳?海 - 试用期 一级 最佳答案 个人意见:要是你看重时尚外观,买索尼。要是注重成像质量,选首选佳能和尼康。我个人不是很喜欢索尼的潜望镜式镜头,毛病在于: 一、光路长,相对光圈小,会造成抓拍困难。 二、镜头口径小,相对分辨差,高像素变的没有意义。 三、变焦时相对形变严重,容易造成成像不均匀。再一个索尼那种过于最求轻薄的机器拿着不稳,不利于拍摄,容易抖动。像佳能那样专门做相机的一直不用潜望镜镜头还是又一定道理的。 2000以内,推荐佳能ixus870和ixus90,他俩都是1000万。要是不看重高像素的话,ixus80也好(800万),才1400左右。还有ixus860也可以考虑一下。要是索尼的,推荐T77。T300下线了,T700要2400左右。T500测评不好,太费电。 个人意见,仅供参考。 我觉得你没必要买太好的 1500+足够了! 我给你推荐几款主流的:如果你是摄影爱好者就买 NIKON P5100 它是是专业相机 性价比很高 很好玩 但是要2200! 我还跟你推荐3款 NIKON的S600 佳能的X80 还有SONY的T70 如果注重性价比 拍景物的话 S600比较好带广角 它的反应速度很快! 如果看重外型 时尚的话 T70 比较适合你! 如果看重品牌价值的话 佳能的也很好 IXUS80很平均! 你可以去泡泡网 看看它们的具体参数 买什么类型的主要在你看重什么! 如果你买来家用或拍风景我就建议你买S600 我买的就是它 真的很好用! 我介绍的3款都是卖得很好的 口碑也很好! 我介绍的这几款 都是他们各自卖的很好的机型 绝对的性价比机! 买数码相机是门学问,其实卖数码相机更是一门学问,为什么这么说呢,因为厂商和经销商为了能促进产品的销量,往往都会从利益的角度出发,毕竟真正了解数码相机的消费者没有多少,所以他们尽可能放大相机的特点,缩小相机的缺点,将这些优点作为产品宣传的标语粘贴在显眼的地方,而缺点一概不提,就这样一个又一个美丽的陷阱诞生了。对于普通消费者来说,购买数码相机是一笔不小的投资,虽然他们在选购的时候特别的谨慎,但由于“免疫能力”低,在五花八门的广告以及促销小姐糖衣炮弹的攻击下,防线很快就崩溃了,掏钱购机也就顺理成章。听到这个时候,准备购机的朋友是不是有点害怕了,别担心,下面我们就和大家谈谈目前在选购数码相机时常见的一些误区,给您在购机之前打针“预防针”。 美丽陷阱之一:金属外壳 爱美之心,人皆有之。很多消费者在购买数码相机的时候往往喜欢从外观上对相机的做工和档次进行评判,特别是外壳的选材上,很多人在选机的时候都喜欢问一句:“这款数码相机是金属外壳的吗,”,如果得到的答案是否的话,这款相机的印象分就大打折扣,甚至被排除在备选机型之外。其实这种观点是绝对错误的。因为对于家用级数码相机来说,采用金属外壳固然漂亮,可靠性要高,而且手感也不错,但使用金属材料制造成本肯定要上去,而且在造型设计上受到开模成本的限制。如果您口袋中的银子并不充裕,又想买部性价格比 很高的相机,完全没必要在乎金属外壳,因为目前塑料工艺的制造工艺已经非常先进,特别是在牢固性和稳定性上不比金属外壳差,有的时候手感甚至会比金属外壳要好,所以选什么材料的外壳其实都一样,重要的是这钱花出去的要值,不要只图一个心理安慰。 美丽陷阱之二:高像素 目前数码相机的像素值是越来越高,很多3000元左右的产品就已经达到700万、800万像素级别,其实业内人士都明白这么一个道理,就是像素提高的同时相机的成本也要提高,为什么同为700万像素,有的相机就卖3000元,而有的相机要卖6000多元呢,这其实就是我们接下来要说的高像素误区。 很多消费者喜欢用像素的高低来衡量照片的质量,买相机的时候第一句话就是:“是800万像素的吗,”,我们首先要否定这个观点,因为能够影响数码相机成像品质的因素很多,最重要的还是镜头素质和CCD尺寸,因为在相同像素的情况下,CCD的大小就是对照片质量起了决定性因素,CCD面积小的机型画质较差,噪点较多,所以CCD是越大越好,不过售价也会随之提高。另外镜头的解析度和画质也有直接关系,不然即便有很高的像素数,成像质量仍旧会因为镜头的原因而比较差。 另外还提醒很多消费者,很多厂商喜欢在像素上面玩插值把戏,为了弥补在硬件上的不足,使用一些软件来提高像素值,虽然在图像效果上有一定的提高,但比其实际像素值来说,还是有很大的区别,很多经销商就是将插值像素值同实际像素值的概念模糊,来误导消费者购买。 根据我个人的经验,家庭使用数码相机300万像素就足够使用,2048*1538的分辨率可以冲洗8寸高质量的照片,而在网上交流,通常只需要800*600的分辨率就足以保证照片的清晰度,另外,使用低分辨率的数码相机在后期存储卡上面的投资也比较小。如果对于拍摄的照片有参赛或者印刷等其它用途的话,其实500万像素就可以满足需求。 美丽陷阱之三:大变焦 很多经销商都喜欢把大变焦和专业数码相机联系在一起,甚至把大变焦的相机和精品数码相机挂钩,这个观点有点太过于片面。 虽然对于数码相机爱好者来说,大变焦的吸引力绝对小,但是有一点要明白,焦距大小其实并不是最终去追求目的,最重要的是镜头涵盖的焦距范围,通常来说,拍摄人物时用中等焦距(85mm-135mm)较为适合,而拍摄风景和建筑物时,用广角镜头效果就更好(18mm-40mm),而大变焦数码相机往往都是鱼和熊掌都得不到,原因是,大变焦相机景深短,虽然能突出处于主体,但精确的调焦困难很大,稍微有一点不精确,就会造成拍摄主体模糊,此外由于拍摄的景物空间范围较小,在相同的距离,所拍的影像比镜头要窄,广角端容易出现严重的色散和曲变。由于民用大变焦相机的成本比较低,所以镜头素质差,很难将各色光聚焦于一点,因而产生副光谱的问题也时有发生。如果再没有防抖功能的配合,那么只要光线稍微不足,采用手持拍摄,就非常难保证手不抖动,造成的直接后果就是画面模糊。 另外,数码变焦也是厂商常玩的一个把戏,别看光学和数码仅仅两个字的区别,它们实际的性能差别很大,做一个形象的比喻,光学变焦就好比是望远镜,而数码变焦就是放大镜,一般来说,数码变焦有没有都不会影响相机的性能。 通常家用,3-4倍光学变焦就已经足够使用,如果你个人对大变焦相机情有独钟的话,在选购的时候一定要从多个方面对相机性能进行了解,绝不能只听厂商的一面之词。 美丽陷阱之四:全手动 曾几何时,在低端数码相机市场也开始流行全手动数码相机,特别是此前被炒的如火如荼的佳能A系列,它们共有的特点就是价格便宜、功能全面,很多6000元以上高端数码相机的功能都配备其中,厂商就是抓住消费者“功能多总比功能少强,反正花钱一样多”这个心理,在功能方面大肆宣传。 其实真正买了这一类型数码相机的消费者应该最有发言权,购买之前就冲着全手动这个功能去的,可是买了之后,在好奇的尝试那么几次之后,就发现拍出来的照片惨目人睹,不是曝光过度就是黑漆漆的一片,在失败N次之后还是乖乖的把模式转盘拨到P档次或是自动档,最后就是后悔…… 其实家庭用户完全没必要选择全手动功能的数码相机,因为在实战中使用的机会非常小,加上现在很多相机都配备了使用更人性化情景模式功能,一旦锁定了全手动功能,挑选相机器的余地就非常的小。 美丽陷阱之五:大屏幕 如果说,要罗列2004年数码相机市场的关键词,那么“大屏幕”肯定必不可免,随着数码相机时尚化、轻薄化的趋势越发明显,大屏幕已经成为衡量数码相机精品的标准,也成了厂商宣传相机的一把宝剑。 其实大屏幕背后也隐藏了很多不可告人秘密,比如液晶屏像素,很多品牌数码相机在2004年年底经过升级推出了新款型号,它们和旧款相比,屏幕尺寸变大了,但是像素却没有发生变化,这些改进以后的数码相机显示屏显示效果看上去比较粗糙,颗粒感强,感觉上都不入改进之前的小屏幕。另外,大屏幕耗电量也随之变大,如果电池容量不发生变化,电路没有进行优化,仅仅是换了一块屏,对于相机续航时间会有很大的影响。 这点上,希望消费者在购买的时候一定要看清参数,不要被“大屏幕”三个字迷晕了。 美丽陷阱之六:短片拍摄功能 “XXX相机具有超强短片拍摄功能”,这又是某品牌在吹嘘自己相机的功能。 其实数码相机和数码摄像机功能的合二为一是很多制造商一直在追求的,它们希望自己的产品能够更有卖点,同时能够更吸引消费者的眼球。当然啦,消费者也是希望自己只花一样钱,买到两个功能。 不过面对数码相机的短片拍摄功能,我们要理性的去面对,毕竟一分价格一分货。一个3000元的数码相机,想指望它能有5000多元数码摄像机那样的效果,有点白日做梦,就拿佳能A系列的产品来说,它拍出来的照片最多可以在电脑上显示一个巴掌大小的图像,而且颗粒感强,声音也是单声道的,这能有什么用呢,即便目前市场上有一些厂商解决了清晰度的问题,但一分钟上百兆的容量也让很多人望而生畏,要知道SONY记忆棒的价格不便宜呀。 美丽陷阱之七:锂电池 数码相机绝对算得上耗能大户,什么闪光灯、图像传感器无一能离开电的,所以很多消费者在选择数码相机的时候很关注相机的续航功能,而厂商往往打出“高能锂电池”的牌子,吸引消费者。 其实随着镍氢电池技术的迅速发展,性能已经今非昔比,虽然内阻比较低的锂电池更适合数码相机使用,但对于普通家用型机器的使用并不受影响。而在容量方面,锂电池已经没有早几年的优势,目前市场上2000mAh以上的镍氢电池比比皆是,例如GP超霸和三洋都是闻名遐尔,相比之下锂电池容量一般在1000mAh左右,而且价格都在150元以上,假货更是比比皆是,难以辨别。此外,使用镍氢电池不但方便,而且成本低,一旦外出拍照电池没电,可以很方便的买到5号碱性电池凑活一阵子,可是如果你使用的是专用的锂电池,那只能望“机”兴叹。 美丽陷阱之八:MadeinJapan 很多消费者都比较迷信日本货,觉得日本货的质量要比国内生产的同型号产品好,只有MadeinJapan才是值得信赖的精品,这一观点大错特错。 一方面,目前在国内销售的大部分国外品牌都已经实现产品国产化生产,一方面在成本方面得以控制,另外在物流方面也提高了速度。准确的说,在国内生产和在日本本土生产的相机在质量方面是一样的,因为在生产工艺方面的要求都是一样,例如佳能珠海的生产基地、富士在苏州的生产基地,而且在咱们国内生产的相机很多都远销欧洲,所以品质方面没有问题。 另外一方面,很多经销商会抓住消费者喜欢买原厂货的心理,乘机掺杂水货销售,而消费者一般都是在不知情的情况下,等相机在保修期内出现非人为故障,根本得不到正常的质保,即便找第三方维修公司修理,修理费也非常昂贵,最后只能自认倒霉。 一个又一个美丽的陷阱,说也说不完,由于这里篇幅有限,我们只能给大家介绍其中的一部分,希望能给您一些启示,特别是提醒那些一心想购买“精品”数码相机的消费者,要想面面本贴对专业人士无用 本帖有时代局限性,时代不同某些条件无效 第一个故事:我自己的第一台真正意义上的相机 80年代初玩电子 80年代中后期玩电脑,组装过黑白摄像机(ccd的),买第一台数码相机前用过胶片的120 135 也用土办法晒过照片。 摄影入门书籍:解放军出版社的军地两用人才培训:彩色摄影基础 说实话,胶片相机以玩的心态来拍照那是玩钱,没那实力也不敢玩,听说有不要胶片的数码相机的时候也没打算要拥有一部,直到某一天,很偶然的在windows98的设备驱动里发现了柯达两款相机驱动后,开始关注数码相机。 最初的数码照片源于摄像头的抓图,数码成像质量的认识也从那个时候开始,那时想法很简单:只要输出图片能达到报纸上的彩色图片也就基本可以了。 到2002年,多款数码相机陆续上市,像素也从开始的30W到300W,儿子即将出世,我也抓紧了选相机的过程。 最初钟情的机子是奥林巴斯的一款200W像素机型(用过奥林巴斯3倍光变胶片机),可惜那款机子不降价不说,连真身都没见过,略过。。。。。 从新来过,从新定位: 用途:儿子的成长 价格:2000内 性能:要好。大面积的ccd,口碑良好的镜头,2倍以上光变,5号电池供电。 照片最大像素尺寸:3:2 功能:越少越好。 外形:拿着方便,不能脱手。 于是首先排除了联想,随后排除富士、索尼和其他记不上品牌的机子,最后最痛苦的排除了宾得(实在是找不到哪里有卖现货的) (有人会问怎么没有佳能尼康3星,呵呵,我也不知道怎么就没有) 剩下的就是柯达的DX3600(国产),现货最低报价2750,凭着对数码产品的解读能力,2000内拿下应该没问题。 来到卖场,试机的说不上人山人海,但也可以说那是相当的多。(你要是老板的话你会偷笑的,试机的大多钟情于插值300W3倍数码变焦的某国产品牌) 直接叫老板(不是促销员)从角落里拿出一台DX3600,够日的黑心老板开口就要2900(只怪我当时实在落魄,穿了一身满是尘土的工作服),我没还价,只叫他关闭闪光灯对准楼梯口的灯箱拍两张照片,一张广角,一张2倍,多拍一张我就不要了。 然后拿出3倍变焦的奥林巴斯对取景框做对比。输入照片到电脑,仔细看灯箱下方暗处的那张手写报价海报。 不用说我感到满意了。 问:卖价, 迟疑10秒后答:2400 问:不要大礼包: 狂按一阵计算器后答:2100 再问:不想卖嗦, 答:1900 再问:那些人让你赚疯了,我不买这机子他们能买吗, 答:1850,不能再少。 问:成都搞活动送卡的。1850送卡不, 答:老兄,32M的卡150啊,要卡至少2000哦 问:32M的我不要,我要64M的,1850,卖不卖, 答:我知道你还要发票报销了,搞不成。 问:我不要发票,只要一张你在营业执照边的照片,还有你签名盖章承诺保修的白条。 打了个电话后答:给钱,还有两台你的朋友要要的话1900. 于是1850拿下DX3600,一直到现在还在用,同期或以后不久我的朋友们卖的200-300W像素的机子都以偶然的失手坠地而报销。只有我的这台200W像素的机子能幸存至今。后来我知道这机子是蔡司镜头,1/1.75的CCD,还是一个电老虎。 第二个故事:不专业的失败选择 半年后,一个开像馆的朋友来找我,要我帮他搞一套数码快照的设备,说了半天后我才明白就是要从数码相机到图片输出的东西,几千块就可搞定。 说起这位朋友,书读的不多,正宗的毕业。手艺却不含糊,就这么说吧,就是顾客满意率100%。 电脑不用给他说了(说了也白说),只让他看用我的机子拍的照片(他自己拍的。他说拍的难受),看完后他就坚持说要用我这种500W像素的机子+手动功能(不用说也知道他已经被奸商用300W像素的机子忽悠过,把我这200W像素的当500W像素了) 然后我给他讲解了CCD和胶片的对应关系,也告诉他这200W像素仅限于一般的拍照,要拍出那些作品级的艺术照还有差距,确认他明白后先配置了一台电脑,把我用了近3年的系统克隆过来再装上驱动。给他安好开机后才知道头大。。。。 怎么头大了,这位朋友两口子都没摸过电脑,要教会他学会处理图片,启不比叫他再读5年小学还难,,,, 还好咱有办法,他那漂亮的小老婆(这个小是年龄小的小)真的是灵气逼人,让她安安心心打了两小时当空接龙后,用了半个小时告诉她怎么开机关机打开photo 怎么涂怎么画怎么传照片等等,当她欢天喜地的取掉了她眉角的一颗小痣后,一切搞定。 接下来确定输出用热升华打印机(前提是保证耗材的廉价供应,更便宜的输出方式得不到应用部门的认可) 到了选相机的步凑(这已经不是半年前的状况了,这时的数码相机市场选择多多,典型的说法就一个 乱 字),因为达成了共识,不搞一步到位,先买个入门带部分手动的,我认为宾得和柯达好些,专业摄影师身份的朋友却认定了尼康,不用说了,我明白他的理由,但我当时也知道在数码领域尼康连根葱都不是,他答应和我一起去买(心里怕怕)。 第二天中午,朋友打来电话,说相机买回来了,是朋友内部拿的,3300,发票3800 像素300W,手动光圈快门(不知是否机械的),叫拿上我的机子去对比一下。(完了,朋友被朋友的朋友骗了。) 粗略的看了下参数,3倍光变300W像素最大尺寸比例4:3 ,ccd尺寸1/3.75 ,像素点尖的那种, 对比方式: 1、比色彩 在同一点拍他的招牌(他女儿和小狗玩的巨幅照片),输入电脑裁同样大小的部分,对称放一起(我的图片左右翻转),用热升华打印机输出,他的明显偏紫,我的和招牌很吻合。 2、比清晰度 拍2米远的墙上的绿叶,比较叶脉清晰度和阴影下枯藤的清晰度,他的再次认输。 其他的不用比了,朋友说的ISO200的胶片只要一半金800的面积成像就能超过金800的清晰度,ccd上是这样吗,1/3.75和1/1.75相比,尖像素又能怎样,镜头不能同步精密的跟上绝对不行的。 过了不久,朋友通过朋友的朋友买了个8000大洋的800W像素尼康,据说是专业级的大优惠,但不久后又亲自到上海买了了个尼康的单反,也就是说那8000大洋的专业级尼康也是忽悠人的。买相机坚决不能找卖相机的推荐~~~~~~~~~~~~ 第三个故事 以实用性价比为参考的成功例子 记不清是那一年了,反正就是某年的国庆前,数码相机从数码电脑城杀入商场的那一年。我背着装着的DX3600红布袋,还是穿着满是尘土的工作服,蹬着布鞋走进国美,商场就是商场,吸引消费者的水平一流,照相机柜台那都人挤人了。促销的口若悬河,不厌其烦的推销自己的产品。也许是口才不好,客人就是只看不买。或许客人对促销的话理解不了。不过我可明白,就那滔滔不绝对性能的吹捧对功能的胡说八道,我真的是愤怒了。 于是我选定了一位促销的先生(小姐咱可不敢惹),走过去拍拍他肩膀,叫他停下。我问他你想卖出你的相机不, 小伙上下打量了我足有10秒之久,问,你买吗, 真是狗眼看人,连个称呼都不给,还带话都不会说了。我说小伙子,你怎么买力吹都是不行的,足球不是这么踢的,相机不是这么买的,你怎么知道人家会买,人家要买也不一定在你这买,再说就是要在你这买人家也不一定带着钱的。 猜猜那促销怎么说,, 没带钱也可以刷卡,还可以送货上门。------------我倒 我说 小伙子,你别说了,真想买出你的相机你就把相机给这位大姐,大姐你先试试,觉得称手在考虑买不买。 顾客拿相机翻来覆去看-------一头雾水 大概是找开关吧--------- 猪头促销又是一句经典:不要搞坏了 我看看这猪头,又看看远处虎视眈眈的保安,一字一句的说:坏了我赔,这位大姐不买我就买下来,把另一台机子拿出来还有说明书。 猪头又是一句:那是500W像素的。 我没问你多少像素,我想看看机子,你拿出来就行了,不想卖嗦,,,,,,,, 两台机子和说明书摆在大姐面前,大姐看来想买就是不知如何下手,促销在一边小心的盯着。 我拿出我的老爷机给大姐,你先看看我的这个破相机,用好几年了,这个是开关,这是开显示器的,这个变焦,随便对着要照的东西按这个快门,对,就这样,随便拍。 一会大姐问我,这两个机子那个好, 以下是简单的问答 问:买相机主要做什么: 答:就是平时出去随便拍拍 问:有用胶片的相机不 答:没,胶卷太贵,也不会用 问:家里有电脑不 答:有 问:一般照片是在电脑里看还是洗出来放相册 答:觉得好的照片就洗出来放相册了看 问:要是有你认为值得拍的东西你会一直拍吗,或者这次没电了就下次在拍, 答:当然一直拍,没电了太扫兴 问:要是机子好些价格高点在乎不(促销最关注的问题) 答:机子好些价格高点也无所谓(真是有修养的有钱人,看起来满养眼的) 然后总结对两台机子给出评价 品牌佳能 型号记不清了 500W像素最大尺寸比例3:2 600W像素最大尺寸比例4:3 价格 1700 1980 供电 一次性5号电池 可充电锂电池 其他(包括手动功能)完全一样 由于周围越来越多的人围过来,于是我叫促销拿来一块画板连写带画的讲解选机的要点 首先机子已经不是奢侈品,千多块就能买下 个人条件不同,使用习惯不一样,不能看到人家美女拿着好看的相机大老爷们也去买个同样的 够用就行,怕淘汰一步到位只能白花钱或有钱不能花 这位大姐不知道这两台机子要那台好,那么我们看(带图版上画) 随便拍拍,有意思的要洗出来,那么3:2尺寸的可以直接打印,4:3的直接打印图就小了,两边还要有空白,600W像素就不如500W的,要是不留空白,图形上下就要切掉一些,会算的可以算一下,打出来的照片那个的像素多。要是只存在电脑里很少洗出来,600W的肯定比500W的像素多。考虑到存储卡容量的问题(那时候卡是很小很贵的)我个人就选500W像素的,还有一个电池的问题,一般说明书都都说能找好多好多,其实没那么多。不要以为你以前照相照完一个胶卷算多,拿个数码相机一会就照几个胶卷那么多的一点都不稀奇,电池就要求便宜实惠。两队5号充电电池照个200张应该没问题,连充电器也就150块(旁边就有标价呢),锂电池你问问促销,另配一块要多少,原装的480,是原装的吗,促销无语。 还有价格,这位大姐不在乎价格,我个在乎,我要买会到数码城杀到低价,我这老爷机我就杀了个1/3的下来,当然这里不可能杀价,各位想好了想到数码城杀价要考虑清楚,你要不懂乱杀价人家只能说你有病,就算你能杀下来你也会被人家烧的一塌糊涂。今天有想买机子的可以放心选,不懂的问我。我知道各位可能都转过多个地方了,都要货比3家,莫比来比去比花眼,买个自己喜欢的或者他或她喜欢的,用起来顺手的最重要,数码相机相机的高像素也不是吹的那么神,这是我这200W像素拍的两张(一张4寸 一张7寸 喷墨打印)跟胶片相机洗出来的没什么区别,变焦功能之考虑光学变焦,越大越好,光学变焦3倍就相当于把3倍距离远的东西拉近到1倍的距离来看,3倍数码变焦相当于把一张现成的照片用放大镜放大局部到3倍,清晰度没增加不说,能看到的部分都少了,没准还能多看出些麻子点点。这位老哥问我的机子什么牌子。告诉你,柯达 made in china 的柯达,不要受我的影响,你想买什么牌子就买什么牌子,这里除了柯达就是日 本 鬼 子 的东西了,买不买跟爱国没什么关系,当然我自己是不买的哈。买了有问题可以找商场,不然你就投诉它。数码产品这东西,只要你不给他喝汤喝水洗澡,不要摔坏,你想要他坏都难啊。 我还想多说,不过很多人已经选相机去了,而且拿到手就是一阵乱按。 那位大姐选中了500W的那款,也有人要600W的,都喜滋滋的要交款,只有促销一脸愁,没货了--------- 我叫住了那位大姐,问促销,店长今天肯定不在,因为他给优惠的权利要大些,你的优惠权利多少, 促销一脸无辜的看着一个装托的青年男子不开口,我又问一个甜甜的美女促销,多少优惠,美女看了看那个青年男子,慢慢的说到:500W的那款优惠220 600W的优惠200 ,我又问 青年男子:店长你的优惠又是多少,,,,, 店长就是店长,马上大声宣布:今天的普及数码相机的活动很成功,凡是今天购机的客人一概送两对电池+充电器,锂电的一概送一块锂电,512M卡半价(比电脑城的稍低一点点 我 kao 被利用了 真黑)俱到,的确不容易。 几年以前,数码相机还只是少数“先富起来的人”才能享受的奢侈品,庞大的机身,繁复的操作,高昂的价格都让人望而却步。尤其是DC的“专业性”,让不少入门级用户感到无所适从。这种情况最近得到了扭转,越来越多时尚化的消费级DC出现,让消费者多了选择空间,但这类DC的升级也十分迅速,高像素、大屏幕……还是让不少消费者感到困惑,那么选购相机到底要看什么呢, 高像素能带来精细画面, 很久以来,通过像素判断DC好坏的“唯像素论”误导了很多消费者,也成为不少厂商赖以生存的法宝。几年前,300万像素一直是DC的标准,但2004年以后,DC像素迅速提升到了800万以上,而厂商更是宣传高像素的优势:更精细的画面,更高的性能……但事实是如此吗,且不说画面精细与否,其实与像素无关,单说DC最重要的CCD。现在800万像素DC使用的CCD与500像素一样,只是在同样的尺寸上集成了更多感光点,这样做必然增加画面噪点,实际是降低了画质。对于家用,300万像素仍然是最适合的,如果您有打印大画幅的需求,500万像素也足以满足要求了。 超薄、锂电、大屏幕就是时尚, DC相对普通光学相机的最大优势就是时尚,而超薄似乎就是体现时尚的最好方式。但是,作为电子与光学性能同样重要的DC,决不能无休止的缩小体积,否则将会严重影响成像效果。比如某些超轻薄DC必须采用潜望式镜头,就是牺牲画质换取体积,因小失大。 还有不少DC采用超大LCD,这些对提升拍摄舒适度贡献不大,反而让DC耗电量倍增,得不偿失。说到耗电,锂电池其实也是厂商赚取利润的来源,因为您必须花大价钱购买该品牌的专用产品,实在不如通用的5号充电电池来得方便、经济。 高变焦最方便, 除了像素,近来变焦也被炒作到了新的高度。6倍、8倍、10倍甚至12倍光学变焦DC出现在消费者面前,而不少人还趋之若鹜,认为高变焦能带来更大的拍摄自由度,让远景近在眼前。 没错,一定的光学变焦利于拍摄与构图,但变焦在放大了画面的同时,也放大了手的抖动,让您拍摄出清晰照片的机会降到最低点。同时,高变焦镜头的构造相当复杂,消费级DC又不可能使用最好的产品,所以必然在一定程度上影响到成像,在常用的广角端尤为明 显。没有光学变焦会非常不方便,但过高的变焦也不是优势,3倍光学变焦已经被证明是最适合家用的。 以上这些都是一些厂商吸引消费者眼球的最常用做法,而且他们的最新产品大多具备以上多项特性,这就造成了昂贵的价格与不实用的功能,会浪费消费者的资金。 本贴于 2009-03-27 09:14:44 被【明哲空】修改 ------------------ 一个人的幸福,两个人的快乐... 恭喜~本帖被明哲空@-Zc29 加为精华。系统奖励10分~ 之前看过一篇买笔记本电脑的十大禁忌,比较老的帖子了,现在在家闲来无事,总结总结如今金融危机下的买电脑和其他数码产品的禁忌,现在我的日子不怎么好过,估计大家也都有点感触,厂家也多是薄利多销,但是村里的销售员依然不会手软,看到菜鸟被狠宰一顿是必须的。怎么防宰呢, 忌讳之一:不懂装懂,自以为是 这年代买东西最重要的就是先了解,各大网站,各大论坛,各大搜索,没有你找不到的,带还有很多菜鸟,去了就问一些50速光驱,蓝牙能干什么,无线网卡怎么用的问题,这样的问题您一问出来,能不挨宰嘛, 所以,如果您去村里买电脑,还是带上个熟人吧,不懂的就问朋友,免得被商家推来拽去的问那些白痴问题的话,那就只能等着挨宰了~ 忌讳之二:追赶潮流,只买新品 对于电脑来说,潮流的只是刚刚推广的,广告打的多的,价格也是有很大水分的。而且热门的很难降价,一味的追求热门产品,只能是天天苦等,等到降价了,也就不再热门了,还能怎么办, 我觉得吧,金融危机下,只买最合适的,不买最贵的,经常看看各个品牌的促销,多选选适合自己的机型,别再一颗树上吊死才是王道。 这就说到需求了,打游戏当然要好配置,如果也就听听歌,看看电影,做做ppt,能省就省吧,非把一工作机整得无语伦比的华丽,那只能说您真是不差钱~ 忌讳之三:胡乱砍价 这也算是恶习难改了,当大家习惯了“拦腰一斩,再打八折”的购物理论,再加上金融危机口袋吃紧,难免买电脑是拼命还价,可商家的成本在那摆着呢,他也得进货,他也得生产,您花5000买个电脑,非要砍到4000不是没有可能,谁会做赔本生意,这更大的可能只 能是被人浑水摸鱼,换这换那,火眼金睛您炼成了吗,没有的话,还是老老实实的,做个市场平均价格就行了,估计又有人问了,这平均价格怎么找啊,那么多报价的帖子,有的还是带发票的,您能多搜索搜索不, 忌讳之四:迷信评测 现在各大小媒体都有自己的评测部,专门做一些产品的第三方评测,然后将其评测结果通过各路渠道公布于众。好多朋友现在买数码产品时到处查询相关评测。这样做是好的,可以让你充分了解到机器的详细信息,以及,但另外在选择上还是要自己需要考虑清楚,不能一味迷信评测。 评测结果只是媒体为用户购买时提供选择琳琅满目产品的一种建议。不能让评测完全主宰你的思维,所以我们消费者千万不要看到一篇评测说是这个笔记本好啊,立即就选中这款,每个人对机器的需求都不同,只有根据自己的需求去综合各方面的建议,这样才能真正选择到一款最满意的产品。 忌讳之五:迷信广告 这一点我们就不详细的展开来说了,最终的目的只有一个,让你掏腰包,抓住“我们的产品好啊”、“买我们的产品实惠啊”,来鼓动消费者购买。借用一句俗话“不可不信,不可全信”,在信与不信之间,你需要自己考证,广告的卖点是不是你需要的这也要注意。 忌讳之六:品牌也要分清楚 这么多年了的事实证明,品牌也是有区别的,大品牌IBM(其实还是联想),DELL,之类的吧,确实质量有保证,服务也到位,买者用着都放心,还有一些很nb的牌子,神啊,山寨啊,之类的吧,就不具体说了,看了做工你就知道的,还是多想想再买,山寨固然便宜,买了天天窝火生气的,真的不太好,我说的是真的。 忌讳之七:购买水货 有些东西我们想买,国内没卖的,只能买水货,什么IPHONE,PS3,XBOX360的,想买到好的得钻研个十天半个月的,再找家信誉好的去买。电脑这东西,我觉得就是在没必要了,为什么要买水货呢,图个价钱便宜,为了避免碰到翻新,换配置等等,为了避免不支持中文,不能用QQ什么的,您还是买行货吧,实在没必要为了这点钱折腾不是,再说,现在水货行货,能差多少, 忌讳之八、不开箱仔细检查并测试规格 这个不多说了,怎么测,怎么检查,论坛里一堆帖子,各种各样的工具,各种各样的方 法,您多看看,多准备准备,省得挨宰就是了。买大品牌就不用了,基本上没啥问题,有的订好了还能直接送货上门,也不用费这劲。 忌讳之十、不管服务 攒机的不说了,一般都是商家保,保到什么程度,看商家的信誉了,可千万记得要跟商家说着服务的事啊,别自己费好大劲攒好机器,一看什么都挺好,乐着就走了,发票不开,服务不管的,要是出了问题,吃亏的还是自己。 买品牌机,也得多看看,大品牌的电脑服务有很多种,还有服务升级什么的,我说的看服务,就是要看看大品牌的服务都包含什么,比如上门维修的时间啊,保修的啊。比较品牌服务的帖子很多,大家也可以去搜搜,多了解了解,我这推荐一个帖子,自己就不写了 ------------------ 为爱奋不顾身~ 恭喜~本帖被落絮无泪@-ksNn 加为精华。系统奖励10分~ (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.
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