历年自考英语词汇学真题

全国2003年4月词汇学 第一部分　选择题（共30分） Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%) 1.The process of meaning relation is also called     .(  　) A．extension   B．degradation  C．specialization  D．elevation 2.Idioms in the coursebook are used in a      . (  　) A．broad sense  B．narrow sense  C．figurative sense  D．special sense 3.The relationship between the linguistic sign and a referent is       . (  　) A．conventional       B．non-conventional C．concrete        D．specific 4.The way to define an antonym is based on       . (  　) A．contradiction       B．contrariness C．oppositeness       D．relativeness 5.The fact that the whole vocabulary can be divided up into fields can be exemplified by     .(  　) A．Roget’s Thesaurus      B．Concise Oxford Dictionary C．New Webster’s Dictionary    D．Co-build Dictionary 6.Context       meaning.（  　） A．explains    B．interprets   C．defines   D．all the above 7.Though still at work today ,        can hardly compare with what it was in the past. （  　） A．word-formation B．borrowing   C．derivation   D．conversion 8.Structural stability means the structure of an idiom is generally        . （  　） A．movable        B．unstable C．unchangeable       D．ununderstandable 9.Sentence idioms can be divided into        . （  　） A．declarative and imperative    B．interrogative and exclamative C．verbal and adverbial      D．both A and B 10.       is considered to be a highly-inflected language. （  　） A．Old English        B．Middle English C．Early Modern English      D．Late Modern English 11.A morpheme that can stand alone as a word is thought to be        . （  　） A．affixational   B．derivational   C．free     D．bound 12.The introduction of        at the end of the 6th century had a great impact on the English vocabulary. （  　） A．printing    B．Christianity  C．French words   D．all the above 13.Which of the following statements is true? （  　） A． Every word has reference. B． Every word has sense. C． Every word is semantically motivated. D． Every word is conceptually motivated. 14.Which of the following statements is CORRECT? （  　） A． The English language is noted for its modest borrowings. B． Loan words only refer to those borrowings in form. C． Loan words are all unrecognisable as being foreign in origin. D． Loan words can be grouped according to manner of borrowing. 15.The relationship between words and things in the world is established by means of     . （  　） A．reference    B．sense    C．concept    D．meaning 第二部分　非选择题（共70分） Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%) 16.The degraded meaning “sexual desire ”of the word “lust ”comes from its old meaning “                 ”. 17.Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and                 . 18.The headword or entries are defined in the same language in a                  dictionary. 19.The basic word stock forms the common              of the language. 20 Conceptual meaning is also known as                  meaning. Ⅲ.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) sense relations , 2) types of context , and 3) modes of word-meaning changes.(10%) A        B (  )21.difference in connotation  A. fond (from “foolish” to “affectionate”) (  )22.perfect homonym   B. homely /domestic (  )23.degradation     C. date ;date (  )24.transfer     D. diseasing (from “discomfort ”to “illness”) (  )25.elevation     E. fabulous (from “resembling a fable ”to “incredible”) (  )26.narrowing    F. journal (from “daily paper” to “periodical” ) (  )27.extension     G. silly (from “happy” to “foolish”) (  )28.generalization    H. pitiful (from “full of pity” to “deserving pity”) (  )29.grammatical context  I. It was a nice ball. (  )30.lexical context    J. Visiting aunts can be boring. Ⅳ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of word formation , 2) types of affixes, 3) types of dictionaries, and 4) the type of idiom. (10%) 31.LDCE        (    ) 32.deadline        (  　  ) 33.-ize,-en,-ate       (    ) 34.an affix that indicates grammatical relationships   (    ) 35.VOA        (    ) 36.The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology   (    ) 37.CED        (    ) 38.telephone → phone       (    ) 39.fly in the ointment      (    ) 40.hostess       (    ) Ⅴ.Define the following terms.(10%) 41.a variation of an idiom 42.morphs 43.synonym 44.jargon 45.semantic motivation Ⅵ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%) 46.What is the role of context? 47.Is it true that archaic and obsolete words in English will remain for ever out of use? 48.What is the difference between partial and full conversion? Explain with two examples. Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(18%) 49.Read the extract, pick out the idioms and explain their meanings. Then rewrite the extract in standard non-figurative language. Sam is getting on ,too .His hair is pepper and salt, but he knows how to make up for lost time by taking it easy. 50.Comment on the following pairs of sentences in terms of subordinates and superordinates. a. The girl got a book in the university. b. The girl borrowed a dictionary from the department. 全国2004年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.  Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%) 1. There are ______ major classes of compounds. A. two            B. for                 C. three            D. five 2. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Connotative meaning refers to associations suggested by the conceptual meaning. B. Stylistic meaning accounts for the formality of the word concerned. C. Affective meaning is universal to all men alike. D. Denotative meaning can always be found in the dictionary. 3. After the invading Germanic tribes settled down in Britain, their language almost totally blotted out ______. A. Old English                     B. Middle English C. Anglo-Saxon                    D. Celtic 4. The idiom “Jack of all trades” results from ______. A. addition                        B. position-shifting C. dismembering                    D. shortening 5. ______ are those that cannot occur as separate words without adding other morphemes. A. Free roots                      B. Free morphemes C. Bound morphemes                        D. Meaningful units 6. The major factors that promote the growth of modern English are ______. A. the growth of science and technology B. economic and political changes C. the influence of other cultures and languages D. all the above 7. Since  the beginning of this century, ______ has become even more important for the expansion of English vocabulary. A. word-formation                           B. borrowing C. semantic change                          D. both B and C 8. Which of the following characteristics of the basic word stock is the most important? A. Stability     B. Collocability. C. Productivity.    D. National character. 9. The two major factors that cause changes in meaning are ______. A. historical reason and class reason B. historical reason and psychological reason C. class reason and psychological reason D. extra-linguistic factors and linguistic factors 10. The fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants is whether ______. A. they come from the same source B. they are correlated with one central meaning C. they are listed under one headword in a dictionary D. all the above 11. Degradation of meaning is the opposite of ______. A. semantic transfer                 B. semantic pejoration C. semantic elevation                D. semantic narrowing 12. An idiom consists of at least two words.  Each has a single meaning and often functions as one word.  This is called ______. A. semantic unity                     B. structural stability C. rhetorical function                D. none of the above 13. Which of the following suffixes can be used to form both nouns and adjectives? ______ A. -ion.           B. -ism.           C. -ity.           D. -ist. 14. More often than not, functional words only have ______. A. lexical meaning                B. associative meaning C. collocative meaning            D. grammatical meaning 15. Linguistic context is also known as ______ context. A. social              B. verbal          C. lexical          D. physical II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%) 16. In the course book, the idioms are classified according to ______ functions. 17. Linguistic context can be further divided into ______ context and grammatical context. 18. The ______ languages made only a small contribution to the English vocabulary with a few place names like Avon, kent, Themes. 19. Morphemes which are identical with root words are considered to be ______. 20. According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______. III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) stylistic meanings; 2)language groups; 3)degrees of inflections and 4) onomatopoeic motivation. (10%) A                      B (     )21. apes                 A. colloquial (     )22. Old English          B. a language of full endings (     )23. Irish                C. Italic (     )24. tiny                 D. very formal and official (     )25. French               E. yelp (     )26. cattle               F. poetic (     )27. domicile             G. Celtic (     )28. abode                       H. gibber (     )29. foxes                I. a language of leveled endings (     )30. Middle English       J. low Ⅳ. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of affixes; 2) types of meaning and 3) types of motivation. (10%) 31. mismanage                         (          ) 32. elephants-trumpet                     (          ) 33. pretty              (          ) 34. forehead                               (          ) 35. bossy                                  (          ) 36. sun: a heavenly body which gives off light, heat  (          ) 37. anti-establishment                     (          ) 38. subsea                                 (          ) 39. a sea of troubles                      (          ) 40. harder                                 (          ) Ⅴ. Define the following terms. (10%) 41. idiom 42. functional words 43. degradation 44. bilingual dictionary 45. conversion Ⅵ. Answer the following questions.  Your answers should be clear and short.  Write your answers in the space given below. (12%) 46. What factors should one take into account when he chooses a dictionary? 47. What are the features of compounds? Give examples. 48. Cite ONE example to illustrate what grammatical meaning is. Ⅶ. Analyze and comment on the following.  Write your answers in the space given below. (18%) 49. Read the following extract and try to guess the meaning of the word in italics.  Then explain what contextual clues help you work out the meaning. ‘Get me an avocado, please,’Janet said, smacking her lips, but her brother, with a glance up at the branches, said that there were none ripe yet. 50. Make a tree diagram to arrange the following words in order of hyponymy. apple, cabbage, food, vegetable, mutton, fruit, peach, meat, beef, orange, spinach, pork, celery 2005年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试卷＋ 第一部分  选择题 I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers．Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket．(30％) 1．  There are two approaches to the study of polysemy．Theyare______. A．primary and secondary    B．central and peripheral C．diachronic and synchronic    D．formal and functional    [    ] 2．  Which of the following is NOT a stylistic feature of idioms? A．Colloquial    B．Slang    C．Negative    D．Literary    [    ] 3．  Synonyms can be classified into two major groups，that is：_____. A．absolute and relative    B．absolute and complete C．relative and near    D．complete and identical      [    ] 4．  In the early period of Middle English，English，____existed side by side， A．Celtic and Danish    B．Danish and French C．Latin and Celtic    D．French and Latin    [    ] 5．  Amonomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single_______morpheme． A．formal    B．concrete C．free    D．bound    [    ] 6．  Whch of the following groups of words is NOT onomatopoeically motivated?  A，croak，drum    B．squeak，bleat C．buzz，neigh    D．bang，trumpet    [    ] 7．LDCE is distinctive for its____. A．Clear grammar codes    B．usage notes C．language notes    D．all of the above    [    ] 8．  From the historical point of view,English is more closely related to A．German    B．French C．Scotttish    D．Irish    [    ] 9．  Which of the following is NOT an acronym?  A．TOEFL    B．ODYSSEY C．BASIC    D．CCTV    [    ] 10.  In the course book，the author lists____types of context clues for inferring word meaning． A．eight    B．six C．seven    D．five    [    ] 11．Sources of homonyms include____. A．changes in sound and spelling    B．borrowing C．shortening    D．all of the above    [    ] 12．The written form of English is a(an)________representation of the spoken form． A．selective    B．adequate C．imperfect    D．natural    [    ] 13．Structurally a____is the smallest meaningful unit of a language． A．molpheme    B．stem C．word    D．compound    [    ] 14．Unlike affixes，____are often free morphemes． A．sufrixes    B．prefixes C．inflectional morphemes    D．roots    [    ] 15．The four major foreign contributors to the English vocabulary in earlier times were French. Latin，____. A．Scandinavian and Italian    B．Greek and Scandinavian C．Celtic and Greek    D．Italian and Spanish    [    ] 第二部分  非选择题 Ⅱ．Complete the rollowing staternents with proper words or expressions according to the course book． 16．The name given to the widening of meaning which some words undergo is____. 17．Longman lexicon of Contemporary English is a____dictionary． 18．When a new word appears for the first time，the author usually manages to give hints  or ____in the context to help the readers． 19．Radiation and____are the two coinages which the development of word meaning follows from monosemy to polysemy． 20．Middle English refers to the language spoken from 1150 to____. Ⅲ．Match the words or explessions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)word Origin，2)word formation. and 3)types of Synonyms or antonyms． A                                            B (    )21．skill                        A．back—formation (    )22．babysit                      B．blendlng (    )23．telequiz                    C．French origin (    )24．composition／compounding    D．SCandinavianorigin (    )25．government                  E．clipping (    )26．same／different              F. relative synonyms (    )27．gent                        G. Germanic (    )28．English                      H．absolute synonyms (    )29．change／alter                I. contradictory terms (    )30．big／small                  J．contrary terms IV．Smdy the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of bound  morphemes  underlined,  2)  types  of meanings,3)processes of meaning development，and 4) forlnation of eompounds． 31．neck→primary meaning：that part of man joining the head tO the body； a secondary meaning：the narrowest part of anything．(    ) 32．contradict    (    ) 33．mother：love，care        (    ) 34．upcoming    (    ) 35．window shopping    (    ) 36．radlos    (    ) 37．property developer    (    ) 38．Candidate→earlier meaning：white-robed； later meaning：a person proposed for a place，award etc． (    )overcoat 39．handsomo-tyoewhter    (    )man 40．northward    (    ) V. Define the following terms. 41.encyclopendia 42.borrcwed 43.blending 44.extension 45.phrasal verb VI. Answer the following questing questions. Your answers should be Clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. 46.what is the difference prefixation and suffixation? Explain with two examples. 47.what is extra-linguistic context? 48.what is polysemy? Illustrate your points.  VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. 49. Study the following sentence and try to guess the meaning of the word in italics. Then what contextual help you to work out the meaning. Carnivores are very dangerous. Not long ago, a tiger escaped from the zoo and killed a dog in The street and ate it. 50.Connotative meaning is not stable. Comment on this statement with one example. 英语词汇学答案    (课程代码  0832) I．Each Of the smtements below is followed by four alternative answers．Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket． 1.C  2.C  3.A  4.D  5.C  6.A  7.D  8.A  9.B  10.A 11.D  12.C  13.A  14.D  15.B II Complete the following statements with proper words Or expressions according to the course book． 16．extension  或generalization    17．specialized 18．clues    19．concatenation    20．1500    III.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according tO 1) word origin，2)word formation，and 3)types of synonyms or antonyms． 21．D    22．A 23．B    24．H 25．C    26．I 27．E    28．G 29．F    30．J IV．Study the following words or expressions and identify 1)types of bound morphemes underlined，2)types of meanings，3)processes of meaning development，and 4)formation of compounds． 31．radiation    32．bound root 33．connotative meaning    34．adv+v-ing 35．n+v-ing    36．inflectional affix／inflectional morpheme 37．n+v-er    3.concatenation 39．collocative meaning    40．suffix／derivational affix V．Definethefollowingterms． 41．An encyclopedia provides encyclopedic information concerning each headword；it is not