八年级时态总结

I. 概述:英语中,不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态要用不同的动词 形式来表示。动作发生的时间不同,动词的形式就有所不同。所以, 动词的时态就是指动词在某一个时间段内应当采取的相应动词形态。 我们已经学过的6种时态分别是: 1. _______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4._____ __________5. _______________6. _______________ II. 详解: 一、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况或是客观存在。时间状语:often,usually,always,sometimes,every week(day, year,month…), once a week,on sundays,… 基本结构:①be动词am/is/are;②行为动词原形或单数第三人称。 否定形式: 1.The Greens usually _____ TV on Sunday evening. A. watch B. watches C. are watching D. is watching 2. Mr Black often _____ fishing on Sundays, _____ he ? A. goes…doesn't B. goes…isn't C. don't go…does D. doesn't go…is 3. He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets 二、一般过去时: 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week (year,night,month...), in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,o nce upon a time,… 基本结构:①be动词过去式was/were;②行为动词过去式。 否定形式: 1 自我检测: 1. I ____ very hard when I was young. A. study B. studied C. had studied D. shall study 2. ___ he ___ a good time last Sunday? A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did; has D. Did; have 3.---When__you come here? ---We__here last week. A.do;come B.do;came C.did;came D.did;come 三、现在进行时: 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语:now,at this time,these days,… 基本结构:am/is/are +_____________ 否定形式:_____________ _____________ 一般疑问句:把______动词放在句首 【注意】短暂性动词如leave, begin, come, go, die等,可用_____ ________时表示将来。 句子中含有look, can you see/listen等等,都要暗示用进行时,另外,要注意以下动词一般不用于现在进行时态的句子。如:1.表示感 觉 see heard 等 2.表示喜欢或者厌恶 likelove hate.3.表示希望 w ant would like 4.表示状态 be 5.表示归属 have 6.表示思维,知识,或能力 know forget等 1. ---What is he doing now? ---He___a picture. A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing 2. Don’t talk here. Grandparents ___. A. sleep B. is sleeping C. are sleeping D. slept 3. Look ! The boy students are _____ football while the girls are _____ . A.playing;dance B.playing;dancing C.play;dancing D.play;dance 4. Some are ______ in the river and some are ______ games. A. swimming; playing B. swimming;plaiing C. swiming; playing D. swiming;plaing 四、过去进行时: 概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外,一般用表示过去时间的状语 来表示。 基本结构:_______________________ 否定形式:_________________ ______ 一般疑问句:把was或were放在句首 When和while的用法 1. I _____ myself French from 7 to 9 yesterday morning. I ___ __ to work. A. was teaching; didn't go B. taught; didn't go C. was teachi ng; went D. taught; went 2. This time yesterday Jack _____ his bike. He _____ TV. A. repaired; didn't watch B. was repairing; watched C. repaired; watched D. was repairing; wasn't watching 3. When you _____ at the door, I _____ some washing. A. knocked; did B. was knocking; did C. knocked; was doing D. knock; am doing 4. The boy_____ English on the radio when I _____ his door. A. learned; was opening B. was learning; opened C. learned; o pened D. is learning; open 5. A young man _____ her while she _____ her work . A. watched; was doing B. was watching; did C. watched; did D. was watching; was doing 五、一般将来时: 概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、或准备做某事。时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year…),soon,in a few minutes,the day after tomorrow,… 基本结构:①am/is/are going to +do;(表计划,或者是某种迹 象表明将要发生的 事)②will/shall+do(其他) 否定形式:①am/is/are +not+going to +do;② will/shall +not+do 一般疑问句:①be放于句首;② will/shall提到句首 【注意】 (1) “will + 动词原形”可用于_____人称, shall常用在__________ _人称后。 (2)“________________+ 动词原形”表示即将发生某事或人为计划要 做某事。 1.--- ___ you ___ free tomorrow? ---No. I ____ free the day a fter tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be 2. He ______ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. comes back 3. If he ______ to college, he _____ a lot more. A. will go…will learn B. will go…is going to learn C. is going… is going to learn D. goes… will learn 4. When she _____ next time ,I ______ her everything. A. is going to come…shall tell B. will come…shall tell C. comes…will tell D. comes…tell 5. There ___ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to be B. is going to have C. is going to be D. will have 6. It ___ us a long time to learn English well. A. took B. will take C. spends D. will spend 六、现在完成时: 概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过 去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 时间状语:already, never, ever, just, yet, since…, for…, in the past few years, … 基本结构:have/____________ +done 否定形式:_________________________ 一般疑问句:have/has放于句首 【注意】 (1)现在完成时属于现在时态范围,不能和表示过去时间的状语连用, 如 yesterday, last week, three years ago, in 1960 等连用。 (2) “have/ has been to + 地名”表示“_______________”, 说话 时人已回到说话地点, 常与once, twice, never, ever等时间状语连用。Have gone to_________________说话时人没在说话地点。 “have/ has been in + 地名”跟时间段连用,表示待在某地多长时间。 (3)由于现在完成时态中的非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语 连用,这时这些动词可作相应的变化 自我检测: 1. You kept me waiting for two hours. I _____ for you since f ive. A. waited B. wait C. have waited D. have wait 2. ---_____ you ever _____America ? ---Yes, I have A. Have… gone to B. Have… gone in C. Have… been to D. Hav e… been in 3. The Greens _____ China for five years. A. has been in B. have been in C. have been to D. has gone to 5 He ___ in our school for 20 years and he ___ here in 1977. A. has taught; came B. has taught; has come C. taught; came D. has teached; has came 6. ---_____you _____ the text yet ? ---Yes, we _____ it two h ours ago. A. Did, copy; did B. Have, copied; have C. Have, copied; did D. Did, copy; had 7. ---_____ you ______ the film before ? and when ____ you __ ___ it ? A. Have, seen; did, see B. Did, see; die, watch C. Have, seen; have, seen D. Did, see; have, seen 8. Her grandpa___ for three years. A. has been dead B. has died C. had been dead D. died 9. Tom ___ London for two years. A. had left B. has gone away C. has been away from D. had bee n away from 10. ---Are you going to the bank, Laura? ---No, I ____ to the bank already. A. have been B. have gone C. am going D. had been 11. She _______ this book for nearly three weeks. A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept 12. ---- Why won’t you go to the movie with me, Gina? ---- B ecause I it twice. A. see B. have seen C. saw D. will see 13.---Where is my sister, mum? ---She______to the library. Sh e will be back soon. A. has been B. is going C. has gone D. will go 用所给词的适当形式提空。 1. Mr Brown will go fishing if it ____________ (not rain) tom orrow. 2. I think he ____________ (be) back in a week. 3. ---Who____________ (knock) at the door? ---I don’t know. Let me go and see. 4. Bill is strict with himself. He never ____________ (leave) today’s work for tomorrow. 5. Mr. Wang ____________ (read) a newspaper in the office at this time yesterday. 6. They never knew what ____________ (happen) to the world in a hundred years. 7. About 400 years ago, Galileo(伽利略) proved that the earth __________(go) around the sun. 8.He was fifty-six. In two years he ____________ (be) fifty-e ight. 9. He___________(lend) you this calculator as soon as he_____ ____(finish) his maths exercises. 10. The train ____________ (come), can you _________(see) it? 11. He _________ (tell) me that he__________ (go) to see his twins in Beijing the next Saturday. 12. He____________(walk) with a camera in the street when I__ ______(see) him yesterday. 13. He __________ (live) in the north for three years. Now he ________(be) used to cold weather. 14. He ________ (write) a report for the newspaper last night. 15. Light __________ (travel) more quickly than sound does 6