[教学]条理清晰 讲练结合 高一英语写作 讲义

[教学]条理清晰 讲练结合 高一英语写作 讲义 高一英语写作 第一课 Part 1. 自我介绍及课程介绍 Part 2. 书面表达重要性及考察内容 大纲,“写是表达和传递信息的交际能力,培养初步写的能力,使英语教学的重要目标之一。” 试题满分150分,写作通常占25-35分左右,约占总分的1/5。书面表达属于控制性写作,guided writing,要求学生根据一定的提示,利用所学的词语和句式表达一定的意思。 近年来高考书面表达的趋势是考察以叙述为主的应用文偏多,内容一般涉及人际交往和日常生活,命题形式有以下几种, 1 用汉语提示或图画提示情景和具体写作要求,写一篇应用文。 2 用汉语提供背景内容,用英语写记叙文。 3 给出一张或者多张图画,根据图画写一篇看图作文。 从那些方面考察写作, 大纲规定的写作能力评价参考表 等级 优秀 满意/合格 需要努力 评价内 容 内容 有思想、有情感、有意义、有一定意义/趣味性～观点不够内容平淡/无趣味性 有趣 明确～内容比较平淡 逻辑性 表达清楚～逻辑性强 表达比较清楚有一定逻辑性 表达不清楚～缺乏语言逻 辑性 语法运用 反映当前学习水平～有个有一些错误～如主谓搭配、时有很多语法错误～如时态 别错误 态等～没有完全反映学习水平 仅限于现在时 拼写与标完全正确 有一些错误 有很多错误 点符号 努力程度 超出要求 符合要求 努力不够～有拼凑现象 创造性 有创造性～表现力强～真有一定的创造性思维～简要、缺乏创造力或计划性～内 实、整洁 完整、比较整洁 容不完整～事例不真实 对写作能力的评价可以从单词拼写和标点符号的使用、语法运用的恰当程度、写作的内容、写作态度、表达的逻辑性和创造性等进行评价。 写作的基本要求 内容, 形式, 文体恰当 格式正确,应用文体之书信,明信片,中心统一,主题句与展开句, 用词准确 过渡连贯 文字通顺 段落完整 高一写作需要的基本技能,整理思路、组织素材、规划结构、列出提纲、起草文章、组织语言、遣词造句、修改文章、正确使用标点符号和字母大小写。 Part 3 如何写自我介绍 自我介绍非常重要,申请学校、新朋友新老师、面试、求职等等场合,需要思考如何突出个性,如 何创新,如何给别人留下深刻印象等。 1 时态 2 写作顺序 3 信息点,姓名,家乡及学校,爱好及特点, 案例, I have a very large head while my father has a small one. I?m short, I?m fat and I?m proud of that! My name is …, and my English name is …. I?m a 15-year-old boy. I come from No1 Middle School. Zhejiang is my hometown,避免句式重复,, and I was born in Hangzhou, the provincial ,province形 容词, capital city,添加同位语,. It?s a beautiful place, and many people go there to spend their holidays in the summer. They can visit Xihu lake, taste delicious food and fruit, and enjoy the special culture. ,详细介绍家乡,突出特色,By the way, I like roller skating best, and I think it will do a lot of good to my body. You?re welcome to make friends with me. Distinctive Features Example: Fred yao What?s your feature different from others? Hints: hometown, hobby, favorite food, star or sports, etc. Useful Sentence Patterns 介绍姓名My name is…, I am…, You can call me…, This is…, In front of you stands a very confident girl, It?s an honor to introduce me, … to everyone of you, Here is a brief introduction to …. 介绍家乡或工作I come from…, … is my hometown, ... is where I was brought up, I spent my last 18 years living in …, which is a … 写作任务,写一篇突出自己特点的自我介绍,词数80左右,要求有突出的重点,内容连贯,结构完整。 Part 4 如何写好记叙文(第一部分) 记叙文写作中,写人、记事和写景是统一的,不能随意分开,要注意有机结合。需要交代几大要素 ,5W1H,,需要按照一定的顺序叙述,比如事件发展顺序,需要突出重点,注意详略安排,人称安排, 时态安排等。 1, 参考经典文章,高一同学可以参照新概念英语第二册Unit 3&4的文章, Last week, I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I didn't enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I couldn't hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. „I can?t hear a word!? I said angrily. (13) „It?s none of your business,? the young man said rudely. „This is a private conversation!? Last week, I went to the theatre and had a very good seat. The play was quite interesting but I didn't enjoy it. Because a young man and a young woman were talking loudly behind me. I got angry with them. I couldn't hear the actors, so I turned round and looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it any longer. I turned again and said,„I can?t hear a word!?(8) „It?s none of your business,? the young man said rudely. „This is a private conversation!? 2. 模仿 Last week, I went to a restaurant and had a very good seat. The food was delicious but I didn?t enjoy it. Because I found a cigarette end in the dish. I got angry at it. I couldn?t eat anymore, so I asked the waiter to explain it. He said nothing. In the end, I couldn?t bear it any longer. I found the manager and said, “Why is there a cigarette end here?” “It?s our fault,” he said slowly, “please forgive us this time.” 改进篇, , Last week, I went to Fu Man Lou, one of the best restaurants in Yangzhou. , I was very excited.,短句, , When we arrived, I was satisfied with the environment and service.,时间状语从句, , I was very angry with the cigarette end in the dish.(败笔之一,如何修改,In spite of this, I found a cigarette end in the dish and was rather angry with it.) , So I asked the waiter to explain it , He didn?t pay any attention.(败笔之二,如何修改,However, he didn?t pay any attention.) , I couldn?t bear it. , Finally I found the manager, and he just took away the food, even without saying sorry to me. ,just, even用词精妙,without结构很好, , I was mad at them and the restaurant. ,mad非常形象, , This was my bad day! 文章的优点, 语句通顺,上下文连贯 句式多样,避免重复 长短句结合 用词恰当 应用多种语法结构 Part 5 写作技巧之同位语的使用 概念解释,当两个成分同时表示一个事物并且放在同等的位臵上时,一个成分起解释说明的作用,那么 它就是被解释成份的同位语,位臵一般在所说明的词语之后。例 Fred is from NOS.(4) Fred, our English writing teacher, is from New Oriental School, one of the largest training schools in China.(18) 其实代词,we all,、数词,you two,等都可以做同位语,但是名词或名词词组充当同位语的偏多。 Liu Xiang won a gold medal in Rome Olympic Games, a medal that could make all the Chinese excited and proud. 如果是从句做了同位语,就变成了同位语从句 The news that Chang?E has flied to moon soon spreads to all the country. 同位语的先行词通常为Fact, news, idea, thought, question, report, 引导词大多为that. 同位语的作用 1 表意更完整,清楚 2 有助于拓展句型 练习,请添加合适的同位语 1 Have you ever been to Mount Tai, one of the five most well-known mountains in China? 2 It is said that Professor Walker, a good friend of our school, will deliver a speech to us. 3 Mr. Qi, a stone collector for more than ten years, found a unique white stone at the Yellow River bank last week.(摘自crienglish.com) 第二课 Part 1 如何写记叙文,方法步骤篇, 记叙文写作 •Narration是以记叙人物的经历或事物的发展变化过程为主的一种文体,分记人,记事,状物三种。 •基本要求 •1 交代清楚人物(who/whom), 时间(when), 地点(where), 事件(what), 发展(how)等 •2 按照事件发展或者逻辑顺序依次叙述 •3 层次分明,条理清晰,,,段落意识 •4 主题鲜明,内容紧凑,,,连贯意识 •5 详略得当,主次适宜 课堂练习 •以“My Chinese Teacher”为标题写一篇字数80,100之间的英语短文。提示内容如下, •1 孙老师今年36岁,中等身材 •2 她关心,热爱学生,工作认真负责 •3 她语文课讲得生动有趣 写作步骤 •第一步,审题 •分几段, •是否添加内容,哪个部分是详写, •人称,第三人称,,时态,一般现在时,, •第二步,思考要点 •中等身材,,,neither too tall nor too short •关心热爱同学体现在哪些方面,“任何学生掉队,她都尽力帮助” •认真负责又体现在哪些方面,“每天晚上,都忙于改作业、备课、看书和学习。有时晚自习回家,发现她还在工作” •讲课生动有趣,,, •第三步,连词成句,连句成段 •My Chinese teacher Mrs. Sun(要审题,女性) is a 36-year-old woman. •She is of medium height/ build. •She often takes care of her students and is loved by them too. •She tries her best/ makes her every effort to help those who fall behind in studies. •She is very hardworking and always strict with us. •Every evening she becomes devoted to her work/ throws all her energy into her work. She is always busy correcting students? exercises, preparing lessons and reading books. •When she gives a lesson, we often find the classes very lively and interesting. •第四步,连接,添加,修改润色 •强调关心热爱同学篇 •Our Chinese teacher Mrs. Sun is a 36-year-old woman. She has been a teacher in our school for nearly 15 years. (添加细节必须合理) •She is of medium height, and is always strict with us in class. But after class, she is kind and friendly to the students. So long as anyone falls behind in studies, she will make every effort to help him or her. What?s more, she?s good at teaching. And we find her lessons quite lively and interesting. •In a word, she?s not only our teacher but also our friend. We all respect and love her.(101) 强调认真负责篇 •Mrs. Sun is teaching us Chinese at present. She is 36 this year, and not very tall. •We all like her very much, not only because she is kind to us, but also because she is a responsible teacher. What impresses us most is that every evening she is always busy with her work. She has a lot to do, such as to correct students? exercises, to prepare lessons and so on. How hard-working she is! •Of course, we feel very happy to have her class which is quite interesting and lively. She is really an excellent teacher.(101) Part 2: 写作技巧 应用插入语 所谓插入语,即插入在句子之间的成份,包括单词,短语和句子,可放在句首、句中或句末,一般用逗号 或分号隔开。插入语的作用主要有两个,一个是突出主语,第二个作用是解释说明,比如说,People, especially students, should work hard. a. 副词 indeed的确,surely无疑,however然而,obviously显然,fortunately幸好,honestly真的 There is no need, honestly, for you to hide this book. Luckily, the rain stopped when they went out. b. 短语 in a few words(或in sum, in short)简而言之, in other words换句话说, to tell you the truth说实话, in general一般说来, in my view在我看来, in his opinion, in fact事实上, in the first place首先, in addition此外, of course当然, to my delight(surprise)使我高兴(惊讶)的,for example例如, What on earth are you talking about? She suddenly turned around, and to my surprise kissed me. d. 句子 I am sure我可以肯定地说, I believe我相信, I wonder我不知道, you know你知道, you see你明 白, that is也就是说, it seems看来是, as I see it照我看来, what is important (serious)重要(严重) 的是, I?m afraid恐怕, it is said据说等 This movie is worth seeing, I believe. The toy, I?m afraid, has been broken. 第三课 如何写应用文,书信篇, Part 1书信格式 *** Class 4, Grade 10 Jingjiang Senior Middle School Jingjiang, Jiangsu. 534000 Wang Bing Yangzhou Summer Camp No. 59, Zhong Guan Cun Ave. New Oriental Science & Technology Group Beijing, 100100 1. 信封格式说明,补充同步内容, 收信人地址居中,寄信人地址在左上角或信封背面。 road, street, avenue缩写为 rd., str., ave. 地址从小到大,单位,门牌号,道路,城市,省,邮政编码,国家。 2。信件格式说明 称呼,最常用Dear + 名字或身份,如Dear Amy, Dear teacher; 也可以用Dear Miss. Wang, My dear friend; 对不熟悉的人Dear Sir, Dear Madam. 注意,如果对方是有头衔的人物,如教授,主任,经理等,为了表示尊重,需要加上头衔,如Dear Prof. Hu, Director Zhang, Manager Liu … Part 2 常用信件内容 三大部分, 问候话语 信件主体内容 结束话语 常用开头问候用语 Hi, and how are you? Hello, are you getting on well recently? How are you doing? It?s good / I am glad to hear from you. Thanks for your information in your last letter. I?d like to take this opportunity to inform you… thYour letter of Sept. 20 has been received with thanks. In answer to your kind letter,… What interesting/ exciting news! Hi, I am surprised/ delighted/ happy/ excited to hear that you?ve got a new baby. Congratulations on your success in the exam. 结尾用语 Looking forward to your early reply! May you success/ every happiness! Wish you a good holiday! Good luck/ Have fun! Take care! Best wishes! All the best! Remember me to your dad! Say hello to your BF. With kind/best regards to your family 落款 位臵,信件右下方 常用词: Yours sincerely或者sincerely yours, yours truly. 公务性质常用Yours faithfully, yours respectfully. 亲戚朋友With love, your loving son/ daughter, love. Part 3 范例讲析 据报道,7岁的美国女孩Amy Bruce得知自己身患肺癌,lung cancer,后处于极度的痛苦之中,美国抗癌协会,ACS,决定,每当Amy收到一封慰问信,就给她增加3美分的治疗款。 假如你是新华中学的学生李华,请你用英文给Amy写一封慰问信,主要内容包括, l 自我介绍 l 得知的情况 l 表示鼓励 l 打算为她做什么 l 祝她早日康复 注意, 1. 信的格式已为你写好 2. 信中不得出现你的真实情况。 3. 词数100左右。 4. 请在答题卡上作答。 第一步,审题 性质,慰问信 思考,分成几个段落,三段比较合适,开头语及自我介绍,得知情况并鼓励她乐观面对生活,打算为她 做什么,祝福话语以及收尾。 详略,重心是鼓励和为她做一些事情,需要拓展内容 时态,一般现在时和一般将来时 人称,第一和第二人称 注意这篇文章的口吻和语气,要委婉、体现同情,又不能表现出可怜对方的态度。 第二步,拓展要点成句 This is Li Hua from Xinhua Middle School, P.R.C. I feel sorry/ sad to hear that you?re suffering from lung cancer at present. It?s surprising to know you?re enduring the pain of lung cancer at the moment. ACS has made a decision that when you receive a letter, 3 cents will be collected to cure your illness. I?d like to help you as well. I?d be very happy to contribute my effort. It must be a hard time for you, but you need to face it and be optimistic. Remember that we?re always around you, and caring about you. Best wishes and be confident! 第三步,连句成段,添加细节 This is Li Hua from Xinhua Middle School, China. I feel sad to know your present situation, and want to be friends with you. There is a piece of good news to share with you. ACS has decided that it will give you 3 cents to cure the illness when you receive a letter. That will offer you much courage, I think. I?m writing this letter to tell you that many people are caring about you now. We hope you can overcome all kinds of difficulties and face the future with a calm state of mind. Wish you all the best and good luck! May you recover soon. Part 4 参考范文对比 Dear Amy, I am a student from Xinhua Middle School. I am very sorry to have heard of your present situation that you are so bitter after having a lung cancer. At present, ACS decides that it will give you three cents when you receive a letter. That will offer you so much courage. I hope you will make efforts to overcome all kinds of difficulty, no matter how hard it is. You are sure to make it. I will try my best to ask all my friends, schoolmates and relatives to write letters to you, which may help you. It will give more courage to live on. May you recover soon. 29分钟 Part 5 信件主体内容 根据不同目的和要求划分 邀请信 感谢信 道歉信件 邀请信常用语 (正式)I would like you to come to our dinner tonight. I wonder if you can join us … We sincerely hope that you can come … We?re looking forward to meeting you … We?re holding an evening party tomorrow, and it will be a great pleasure to meet you … It?s our honor to invite you to the closing ceremony. (非正式)How about going out for supper this evening? Let?s go to Shangri-La together. Why not come to our class party? 感谢信常用语 Thank you very much for your information. Thanks a lot/ a million. I want to thank you for … Many thanks for your kindly help. Please accept my sincere thanks for your hard work. It was so kind/ nice of you to help us. 道歉常用语 I am sorry for/ about my mistake. I am writing this letter to say sorry to you. Please accept my sincere apologies,道歉,. I am terribly sorry about that. I beg your forgiveness (原谅). Part 6 当堂练习 假设你是李华,你的英国朋友Jocelyn在中国学习了一年,即将回国。现在由你写一封信邀请她于 下周日晚上到你家参加一个聚会,词数80-100左右。 要点,1、祝贺她顺利通过考试,即将回国, 2、她学习进步很大,大家都为她感到骄傲, 3、感谢她在这一年中帮助大家学习英语, 4、非常怀念大家在一起的时光。 信的开头已经给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Jocelyn, How are you? And this is Li Hua. 范文, Dear Jocelyn, How are you? And this is Li Hua. We feel very excited to hear that you?ve successfully passed all the exams. Congratulations! You?re doing so well in studies that every one of us is proud of you. Are you free next Sunday evening? We?re holding a party then in my apartment, and it?ll be a great pleasure to have you with us there. All of us want to thank you for your help with our English. We?ve improved a lot, indeed. What a pity that you?re leaving China soon! We?ll always remember the happy days when we?re together. May our friendship last forever! Yours, Li Hua 练习 1. John plays football _______ ,if not better than, David. (MET1994) A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as 2. We all write ____, even when there?s not much to say. (MET1994) A. now and then B. by and by C. step by step D. more or less 3. _____ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. (2004北京春) A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 4. Your performance in the driving test didn?t reach the required standard. ___ you failed. [NMET?99] A. In the end B. After all C. In other words D. At the same time 5. John plays football _______ ,if not better than, David. (MET1994) A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as BABCB Part 3 写作技巧 应用定语和状语 定语是用来说明名词,代词,的特征的词或者词组。状语是修饰形容词、副词、动词和整个句子的词组或成份。添加合适的定语和状语,可以使表达更加充实,意义更加生动。可以对比一下 He is fool and nobody believes his words. ---He is a complete fool and nobody ever believes his words. The old man looks at me and says to me, “No.” ---The old man looks straight at me and coldly says, “No.” 所以,当写作的时候,出现一个关键性名词,或者关键性动词,就要思考,是否添加一些修饰性、补充性成份。他跑,他怎样跑,跑得快还是慢,着急还是悠闲,写一个苹果,就要想,大的还是小的,红的还是青的,酸的还是甜的,好吃与否等等。 练习 1 The number increases in August. The number goes up greatly/ considerably in August. 2 We need people to realize our four modernizations. We badly need a large number of talented people to … 3 He fell off and we ran to help him. Suddenly he feel off and we immediately ran to help him. 4 We arrived at the station and learned that the train had gone. Arriving at the station, we learned to our disappointment that the train had already gone. 5 Mrs. Stephen bought her son a bicycle. Mrs. Stephen bought her son a brand-new bicycle as a birthday present. (补语) 第四课 Part 1 应用文之通知篇 书面通知和口头通知 通知主要是把一些重要情况告知给相关的读者或者听众,通知的内容就是文章的主体,主要包括通知的对象,事由,时间,地点,注意事项及要求等,一般来说,书面通知都需要有发出通知的时间及落款,位臵就在正文下方,通常是右下角。其中,可以用比较长、容量大的语句,这样可以体现得正式、也可以用短句,节奏明快,通俗易记。 口头通知则需要注意,不用题目,而且也不必有通知的时间,它有一些常用的开头语和结束语,比如, Attention please! May I have your attention please? Excuse me? Please be quiet, everyone. Quiet, please. There is something I?m going to tell you. 结束语 Any questions? Is everything clear? If you have any questions, please feel free to contact/ask me. That?s all, thank you! Part 2 范例讲析 你们学校在下周五,11月9日,19,00在校报告厅举行一场学术讲座,主要讨论如何有效学习英语。目前在美国西北大学任教的Johnson教授将应邀讲话。请你写一个通知,希望大家踊跃参加。 词数,60词左右 academic lecture effectively/ in an effective way lecture hall/ auditorium 要点转换There is going to be a lecture about how to learn English. We?re going to hold a lecture to discuss ways to learn English. A lecture about learning English effectively is going to be held at 7 p.m. next Friday. Prof. Johnson from Northwest University, U.S.A. will give us a speech about effective English learning next Friday… 连句成篇 There is going to be a lecture on how to learn English effectively in the school hall at 7 p.m. Nov. th9 (next Friday). We?ve invited Prof. Johnson from Northwest University, U.S.A. to give us the talk. He is now a well-known expert in the field of language studies. Anyone who is interested is welcome to attend the lecture. Remember to be there on time. A lecture to discuss ways of effective English learning is to be held in the school hall at 19:00, Nov. th9 (next Friday). Prof. Johnson from Northwest University, U.S.A. will give us some valuable advice, which will be very useful and helpful to us. And all the students are expected to be present on time. Part 3 写作技巧: 过渡词语的使用 过渡性词语的使用是保证语言连贯性的常用方法,能够起到承上启下的作用,能帮助读者理清文章 的脉络,使文章衔接流畅、严密紧凑。 1、 文章开头常用词组first of all, in the first place, to begin with, at first… 感谢信First of all, I?d like to express my thanks to those who have helped me. In the first place, many people in remote areas still live in poverty. Remote control 2、 文章结尾常用词组therefore, thus, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, 等 Therefore, we should work very hard to realize our dreams. To sum up, to practice more is the best way to improve your English. 3、 表示时间先后顺序的词 then, before, after, earlier, afterwards, next, in a few days, later, finally, in the end, at last等 Several days later, everything returned to normal. After that, you should mix water with flour together. 4、 表示对照的过渡词 but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in spite of, even though, unlike 5、 表示举例的过渡词for example, for instance, a case in point is that…, namely, that is to say, In the first place, many people in remote areas still live in poverty. A case in point is that none of the people in this village have TV sets. Some people can?t get rid of the bad habit. For instance, we can still see someone spit on the street. 6、 表示递进的过渡词furthermore, moreover, besides, in fact, indeed, what?s more等 The building is not very far from here. Moreover, we can go there by car. Part 4 修改润色练习 TV and website TV and website are popular media. They have something in common. Both of them make money from ads. Websites also have different sections. You may choose the one you are most interested in. They are different in many ways. Moving pictures are shown on TV with sound and explanation. It makes you feel that you are just on the spot. The programs change every day. Professional TV reporters do the report for TV. Some information on websites change all the time. Not all of it is so updated. Everybody can write articles for websites rather than professional reporter. Every medium has its own features. It is hard to say which is better. 这段文字用简单句表达,它们之间内在的逻辑关系含糊不清,意思支离破碎。如果使用过渡词,将单句 与其前后合并,形成主次关系,就把一个比较复杂的内容和关系表达得层次清楚、结构严谨。 修改后的文章, TV and website Both TV and website are popular media. They have something in common. For instance, they make money from ads. Similar to TV, websites also have different sections, so that you may choose the one you are most interested in. However, they are different in many ways. Above all, moving pictures are shown on TV with sound and explanation, which makes you feel as if you are just on the spot. Then, the programs change every day and professional TV reporters do the report for TV. Unlike TV, some information on websites change all the time, but not all of it is so updated. What?s more, everybody can write articles for websites rather than professional reporter. In a word, every medium has its own features, so it is hard to say which is better. 修改后的文章用过渡词来衔接上下段 第一段第一句为,Both TV and website are popular media. They have something in common. 第二段第一句为,However, they are different in many ways. 第三段第一句为,In a word, every medium has its own features… 这篇短文每一段的第一句都是主题句,在每个主题句前使用Both…and, However, In a word使全文有序 地衔接起来。 如果在文章中再恰当使用其他的过渡词,会使文章增色很多。 第五课 如何写看图作文 看图作文实际上有很多种,比如看图画/漫画,看图示/示意图,看图表作文等,高一阶段重点掌握是看 图画作文。题目形式是用一幅或者一组图画为表达方式,让同学们看懂画面表现的情节,理解图画所反 映的事实或者道理,按照固定的题目或者要求写作。看图说话,把原来用线条色彩体现的生活情景用语 言文字来表现,如果是多图,就需要把几幅连续的图片的内容,有条理、有层次地再现。 看图作文的要求, 1、审好图,要做到切中题意,条理清楚, 2、有丰富的想象力,将图画背后的情景或者图与图之间的内在逻辑联系体现出来, 3、可以适当添加一些自己的看法或者评论 Part 1 范例 下面六幅图片是Alice在星期二早晨的经历。请根据图片所提供的信息用英语写一篇短文。 注意, 1. 短文应包括所有图片的主要内容,短文内容要连贯、完整。 2. 短文词数为100词左右,开头的句子已给出但不计入总词数,。 It was a Tuesday morning. Alice was too tired to get up because she had stayed up late the night before. 第一步,审图并造句 挑选图片中的主要信息进行描述,用一句话进行总结。 第一幅图,2个人物,一个躺在床上,一个中年人站在门口,指着床上的人,男孩是女,两个人什么关 系,Alice?s mother was waking her up in the morning. 第二幅图,至少5个人,在bus stop,应该是等车,一人拿公文包,一人看书,两个人看不清,正中偏 右是主人公,她在看书报,而且在思考。She was waiting for the bus at the bus stop. But she found that she forgot to bring something with her. 第三幅图,结合前一幅,应该清楚,ALICE忘记带了什么东西,什么东西,猜测应该是书。妈妈把书给 了她。She went back and her mother gave the book to her. 第四幅图,坐在车上,向窗外看去,交通非常的拥挤,She was sitting in the bus, and the traffic was rather heavy. 第五幅图,下雨,她飞奔在马路上,应该是交通堵塞,上课可能要迟到了。Because of the traffic jam, she got off the bus and ran to school in the rain. 第六幅图,到达教室,迟到,同学们都在等待,老师询问,她解释原因。When she arrived at the classroom, she was late for class. She explained her situation to the teacher. 注意 1、细节,第六幅图右上角,她想起的画面,应该是第四幅图中的书包,结合第五幅图,应该能推 断出来,她又一次忘带了东西,只不过这次是书包。 2、注意,多图作文很容易超词数。要求写100词,每幅图平均16词左右,但是有详有略,不难 看出,前两幅图比较简单,可以略写,重点是把之后的情节,而且要保证连贯、通顺,而且,在各幅图 画之间,有一些内容需要我们补充出来,这是看图作文的特点,要交待清楚事情的来由。比如2、3之 间,地点的转移,我们应该补充的语句是“她回到家”,再比如4、5之间,我们要告诉读者,她为什么下 车,而且还要在雨中奔跑,是为了什么,所有这些都需要描写出来。 第二步,连句成段 It was a Tuesday morning. Alice was too tired to get up because she had stayed up late the night before. Her mother came to wake her up. When she got to/ arrived at/ reached the bus stop (承接上 文,千万不要添加诸如洗脸、刷牙等细节内容), she suddenly found that she forgot/ had forgotten to bring her math book/ one of her books/ the book for that morning?s class. Then/ So(连接上句,引起下 文)she went back home and her mother gave the book to her/ gave her the book. She finally (表明时间 上的先后顺序) got on the bus. However(引出下车的原因), the bus was caught in a heavy traffic jam. She immediately got off and ran to school in the rain, in order not to be late for school(说明奔跑的目 的). But when she arrived at the classroom, all the other students were already there(there替换in the classroom避免重复,注意,本句arrive勿与第三句“到达”用词一致). She began to explain to the teacher, and found that she had left the schoolbag on the bus. What an unlucky morning for her(感叹句收尾, 点明主题,自然结束)! 第三步,修改润色 It was a Tuesday morning. Alice was too tired to get up because she had stayed up late the night before. Her mother came in to wake her up. When she got to the bus stop, she suddenly found that she had forgotten to bring one of her books. Then she went back and her mother gave her the book. She finally got on the bus, which was caught in a heavy traffic jam, however. She had to get off the bus and ran to school in the rain, in order not to be late for school. But when she arrived at the classroom all wet through, everybody else were already there. She had hardly begun to explain to the teacher when she realized that she had left the schoolbag on the bus. What an unlucky morning! Part 2 看图作文专项训练 练习一,看图画,假设这是你在11月1日经历的事情,请各用一句话概括图画表现的情节。 I went to the cinema that day. I went to see a movie that afternoon. When I was walking on the road, I saw a case fall off a young man?s bicycle. I picked up the case, and shouted/ cried to the man. I took/ stopped a taxi, in order to catch up with the man. He gave me some money to thank me, but I refused. When I went back, the taxi driver didn?t accept my money. Part 3 专项练习二,请再将六幅图完整看一遍,将写好的六句话进行修改,并适当添加一定细节,写一篇80词左右的小短文。 I went to see a movie that afternoon. When I was walking on the road, I saw a case fall off a young man?s bicycle. 修改意见,将两句合并 On the way to the cinema, I saw a case fall off a young man?s bicycle. I picked up the case and shouted to the man. 修改意见,简单的句型,I做主语。将一个动词用作现在分词,同时添加细节。 Picking up the case, I shouted to the man loudly, but he didn?t hear me. I took a taxi, in order to catch up with the man. 修改意见,补充因果关系,或者为了保证连贯,将顺序改变。 Therefore, I took a taxi, in order to catch up with the man. In order to catch up with him, I stopped a taxi. He gave me some money to thank me, but I refused. 修改意见,补充细节,说明很快追到了失主 Of course, it didn?t take me long to find him. When I returned him the case, he took out some money to thank me. However, I refused him politely. When I went back, the taxi driver didn?t accept my money. 修改意见,说明出租车司机为何不收钱 Then the taxi driver drove me to the cinema. To my surprise, he didn?t accept the money I paid him, because he was moved at what I did. 收尾句,I was really proud of myself that day. 完整篇章欣赏 On the way to the cinema, I saw a case fall off a young man?s bicycle. Picking up the case, I shouted to the man loudly, but he didn?t hear me. In order to catch up with him, I stopped a taxi. Of course, it didn?t take me long to find him. When I returned him the case, he took out some money to thank me. However, I refused him politely. Then the taxi driver drove me to the cinema. To my surprise, he didn?t accept the money I paid him, because he was moved at what I did. ,99, I was rather proud of myself then. Part 4 写作技巧, 高级语法结构的应用 1、 强调句,可以通过强调事件发生的时间、地点、人物、原因、方式等,加强语气。 It was at that time that Alice realized she had left the bag on the bus. (16) It was not until she arrived at the classroom that Alice realized (that) she had left the bag on the bus. (21) 2、 倒装句,如果句子中间有否定副词、介词短语,都可以将其提前,构造倒装句。状语从句中,添 加only在从句前,臵于句首,主句也要使用倒装 He had hardly settled down when he sold the house and left the city. ---Hardly had he settle down when he sold the house and left the city. You?ll be allowed in, when your identity has been checked. ---Only when your identity has been checked will you be allowed in. 3、 With复合结构 With everything done, she went back. With the sun shining brightly and the birds singing clearly, I went to school in the morning. 4、 非谓语动词,体现文章句式多样性,使句内结构更加紧凑。 Picking up the case, I shouted at the man loudly… ---After picking up the case, I shouted at the man loudly… When she heard the news, she suddenly sat down and cried. ---Hearing the news, she suddenly sat down and burst into tears. 5、 感叹句,开头或者结尾使用,活跃文章气氛。 I felt very bad yesterday. ---How terrible I felt yesterday! It was an unlucky day for her. ---What an unlucky day for her! 6、 定语从句,有的从句可以起到and作用,将前后两个动作联系起来。 Picking up the case, I shouted at the man loudly, who didn?t hear me, however. The old man handed the book to the boy, who gently put it in his bag.