宝宝囟门闭合事宜1

宝宝囟门闭合事宜1 在小宝宝的头顶上有个小"天门盖"，平时细看，还可以看到一下一下的脉跳，这就是宝宝的前囟门。它是由宝宝头颅骨中的额骨和顶骨围成，二块额骨和二快顶骨互相连接处还未完全骨化的部分形成的一个菱形间隙，叫做囟门，俗称"天门盖"，位于头顶部前中央。 了解囟门的闭合时间 宝宝刚出生时前囟对边直径大小约为1.5,2.0厘米，出生头几月内前囟会随头围的增大而扩大，一般6个月后随着额骨和顶骨逐渐骨化而缩小，到了18个月左右闭合。除了前囟门外，小宝宝还有一个后囟门，后囟是由二块顶骨和一块枕骨形成的三角间隙，位于枕部，后囟在宝宝出生时已经很小了，一般约在宝宝出生后6,8周关闭。在正常情况下，未闭合的囟门外观平坦，稍微内陷。 囟门为什么闭合太晚, 虽说绝大多数宝宝的囟门在18个月前闭合，但也有些宝宝的囟门迟迟不能闭合，家长非常着急，那是什么原因呢,一般来说，有些疾病会影响到宝宝的囟门闭合: 佝偻病:因为机体内钙营养出现问题，而导致骨骼钙化不全，最终致使囟门晚闭; 呆小病:机体内先天性甲状腺功能低下，甲状腺激素缺乏或分泌减少而影响钙、磷在骨骼中沉积，使骨钙化出现问题，导致骨骼生长障碍囟门闭合困难; method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of 脑积水:是由于大脑脑室内有积水而影响囟门的闭合。 除了这些疾病因素外，还有些宝宝可能因为妈妈孕期钙营养欠佳，宝宝出生时头颅骨钙化欠佳，出生时囟门过大，有3-4厘米左右，那么这些宝宝尽管出生后钙营养正常，但其囟门的闭合可能要比正常时间晚一些。 囟门为什么闭合太早, 除了担心囟门闭合过迟外，还有的家长担心宝宝囟门闭合过早，宝宝在6,7个月时囟门已经关闭，这会不会影响智能的发展,甚至提出要不要再吃小儿鱼肝油丸和钙粉。 虽然前囟正常在18个月左右关闭，但有些孩子前囟关闭较早，但并不意味着头颅不再增大，因为头围停止生长要等到13,14岁时骨与骨之间的骨缝融合。因此有些婴儿虽然囟门早闭，但随着脑的发育，头围依然会继续生长，一般不会影响智能的发育。 但有一种情况，头小畸形的小儿，其囟门早闭，是由于脑发育差，因此智力发育迟缓。因此，对于囟门早闭要具体情况具体分析，判定其是否影响会到孩子的智力发育，最合适的方法是定期测量头围和随访孩子的神经精神发育进程。如果头围增长速度在正常范围内，同时孩子的神经精神发育与其年龄相符，则即使囟门早闭，也不会影响其智力的发育。 关爱宝宝的囟门 method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of 那么，家长在宝宝囟门的生长、闭合过程中，应该注意些什么呢, 首先，对于宝宝的"天门盖"平时要注意保护，切不可去重按，因为它尚没有骨化，只有一层皮肤和脑膜保护。 其次，在每次保健时，可向医生了解一下宝宝囟门大小及头围的生长情况。假如囟门持续增大而头围又过大的话，要怀疑是否有脑积水的可能，需进一步做头颅B超或CT检查来确诊。 第三，在宝宝患病时，囟门也是观察宝宝疾病进展的一个重要窗口，囟门饱满膨起要特别引起警惕，说明颅内压增高，这是脑膜炎、脑炎的一个重要临床体征;而囟门凹陷时，则要注意宝宝有无脱水的现象。 method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of 宝宝出生后～头部有前囟和后囟两个囟门。小小囟门是反映宝宝头部发育和身体健康的一个重要窗口。对周岁之内的宝宝～妈妈要细心观察这个小窗口～及早发现有无异常现象～若发觉囟门有问题时～应尽快带宝宝去看医生～以便得到正确的诊断和治疗。 囟门异常可谓形形色色～主要有以下几种: 囟门鼓起 正常的前囟门是平的～如果突然间鼓了起来～或逐渐变得鼓起饱满～则是疾病及其他原因发出的信号。 提示:1、颅内感染。多见于各种脑膜炎、脑炎等疾病～因颅内压力增高所致。宝宝的囟门突然鼓起～尤其是在哭闹时明显～用手摸上去有紧绷绷的感觉～同时伴有发烧、呕吐、颈项强直、抽搐等症状～家长应快带孩子上医院看急诊。2、颅内疾患。如颅内长了肿瘤～或是硬膜下有积液、积脓、积血等。可使宝宝的前囟门逐渐变得饱满～需带孩子到医院请医生进行检查～以早日确诊治疗。3、药物因素。如长时间给宝宝服用大剂量的鱼肝油、维生素A或四环素等药～可使宝宝的前囟门出现饱满现象。有的是由于某种原因给宝宝使用肾上腺素～如果突然停药～也会使宝宝的前囟门发生饱满。 囟门凹陷 是指因疾病或其他原因致使囟门向下凹陷。 method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of 提示:1、急性脱水。常见于严重腹泻、高热出汗过多等～宝宝体内因脱水而使前囟门凹陷下去。需立即为宝宝静脉补充液体。2、使用大剂量脱水剂。多因宝宝患有脑部疾病颅内压升高～为了降低颅内压而使用大剂量的脱水剂～从而使前囟门因脱水而凹陷。应及时给宝宝的身体补充水分～以防脱水过度造成体内电解质代谢紊乱。3、营养不良。宝宝因长期营养不良～过度消瘦～前囟门也会出现凹陷现象。 囟门早闭 是指囟门在五六个月前过早闭合。 提示:1、脑发育不良。妈妈发现宝宝囟门早闭时～必须请医生为宝宝测量其头围大小。如果头围大小低于正常值～又有其他智力发育方面的异常～可能是脑发育不良。2、见于正常的宝宝。有的小宝宝长到5—6个月时～前囟门闭合或仅剩下指尖大小间隙～看似关闭～其实并未骨化～应带孩子请医生进行检查～以鉴别有无问题。 囟门迟闭 是指宝宝已经过了18个月～前囟还未关闭。 提示:1、佝偻病。宝宝的额顶部出现对称性颅骨圆突～俗称“方颅”～严重时呈现马鞍状头～头围增大。2、呆小病。主要是妈妈孕期缺碘～影响到胎儿的发育～出生后生长停滞～发育落后～囟门延迟闭合～智力低下～聋哑～身体矮小如侏儒。 method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of 囟门过大 是指宝宝出生后不久前囟逐渐增大～可达4—5厘米。 提示:1、脑积水。最常见的是阻塞性脑积水～患儿的头形扩大～头围比正常儿增加2，3倍～前囟难闭～发育欠佳～智力迟滞～做头部CT～可见侧脑室、第三脑室扩大等～需及时请神经外科医生做手术治疗。2、先天性佝偻病。宝宝出生后～不但前囟大～而且后囟也大～正中的一条骨缝(矢状缝)也较宽～将前后两个囟门连通。 囟门过小 是指宝宝的前囟仅有手指尖大～或小的摸不到囟门。 提示: 1、头小畸形。多为颅骨早闭～尤其是矢状缝早闭～可使宝宝的头颅变长变窄～形成枕部突出、前额宽～前囟小或摸不到的“舟状畸形的头颅”。 2、亦见于正常即宝宝囟门过小时要定期测量头围～观察在满月前头围是否在正常范围内。家长每个月或每两个月都应检查头围的增长速度～并与正常的宝宝做比较～观察是否有明显的落后。如果宝宝头围的发育尚且正常～即使囟门偏小一些～也不会影响大脑的发育 method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of