2008徐州中考政治卷

2008徐州中考政治卷 徐州市2008年初中毕业、升学考试 思想品德、历史试 本试卷分第I卷和第?卷两部分。第I卷1至4页，第?卷5至8页。全卷共120分。考试时间120分钟。 一、单项选择题(在下列各题的四个选项中，只有一项最符合题意。每题2分，共60分) 2007年10月～中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会在北京召开。据此回答1—2题。 1(胡锦涛同志向大会作了题为《高举_________伟大旗帜，为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利 而奋斗》的。十七大通过的《中国共产党章程(修正案)》，将_________写入党章。 A. 社会主义 科学发展观 B.邓小平理论 “三个代表”重要思想 C. 中国特色社会主义 科学发展观 D.中国特色社会主义 “三个代表”重要思想 2(党的十七大报告指出，要毫不动摇地鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展。这是因为，非 公有制经济 ?是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分 ?对充分调动社会各方面积极性、加快生产力发展和扩大就业具有重要作用 ?是社会主义经济制度的基础 ?控制国民经济命脉，积聚我国最先进的生产力 (?? B(?? C(?? D(?? A 今年是奥运年～全国各族人民正向世界展示我们期盼奥运、参与奥运、奉献奥运的精神风貌。据此回答3—5题。 3(2008年8月8日，第__ __届奥运会将在北京举行。当前，北京奥运会正在举行 以“__________”为主题的火炬接力传递活动。 A(28 点燃激情 B(29 传递梦想 C(29 和谐之旅 D(27 丝绸之路 4(运动与全民健身是当今社会的流行风尚。参与运动与健身是公民在行使________的权利。 A(人格尊严 B(人身自由 C(拥有财产 D(生命健康 5(2008年4月，徐州市“迎奥运、讲文明、树新风”活动正式启动。中学生应该 ?自觉提高自身的文明素质 ?树立健康新理念，增强健身意识 ?积极宣传“绿色奥运、科技奥运、人文奥运”的理念 ?大力弘扬奥运精神 A(??? B(?? C(???? D(?? 6(2006年7月至2007年底，全国县乡两级人大进行换届选举。某乡为做好选举工作，拟定 了以下四条宣传标语，你认为最恰当的是 A(发扬基层民主，推进村民自治 B(保障人民民主，扩大公民政治权利 C(加强人大建设，接受政府监督 D(人民代表人民选，选出代表为人民 7(从2008年6月1日起，全国所有超市、商场、集贸市场等一律不再免费提供塑料购物袋。 这主要启示消费者应该坚持 Security Bureau. of any bad hidden and police love. If someone on the line and equipment damage, pry the circuit short circuit or open circuit, the illegal situation, alarm controller will issue a warning and fault information is displayed; in either case, would give rise to alarm the controller. Regional alert information is sent to a control center, by the computer control center for data analysis and processing, and network resource sharing and remote control, and many other functions, so as to improve the automation of the system. Whole alarm system can since defined voice report different of alarm State, and can in police love occurred Shi by computer automatically processing; through on operator grading management, can completely control each a operator in system in the of operation behavior; in database security aspects, system will automatically check data of integrity, on database for automatically maintenance, also can set automatically backup alarm records, and automatically delete event records,, do foolproof. Alarm system set aside 110 automatic alarm system of network interfaces with local public Security Bureau Monitoring Center security deployment statistics are as follows: security point distribution statistics-medical building, rehabilitation building, 2nd floor, serial number F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 B1 B2 camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera detection medical alarm building 3 # number # 3 13 18 cameras total: 203 total number access: 52 police discussion Measured quantity total: 72 number of pickups total: 24 (2) access control system access control management system has been widely used in the new information security management systems, application access control systems to achieve the rehabilitation centers in A(适度消费 B(绿色消费 C(超前消费 D(勤俭节约 8(解决右边漫画所反映的问题,需要我们 《危机四伏》 ?坚持可持续发展战略 ?保护耕地资源 ?提高环保意识 ?加强思想道德建设 (?? B(?? A C(?? D(?? 9(维护公民合法权益最正规、最权威、最有效的手段是 A(调解 B(申诉 C(诉讼 D(仲裁 10(下列对竞争与合作的关系表述错误的是 (( A(有竞争就不能有合作 B(竞争离不开合作 C(合作是为了更好地竞争 D(二者相互依存 11(在徐州市中小学开展的“学生成长导师制”、“学生成长伙伴制”活动中，广大教师成为 中小学生的成长导师，关爱他们的健康成长。这体现了对未成年人的 A(家庭保护 B(学校保护 C(社会保护 D(司法保护 12.孝敬父母最重要的是 A(敬重和爱戴父母 B(理解和关心父母 C(行动上帮助父母 D(努力学习，积极上进 13(修改后的《全国年节及纪念日放假办法》将清明、端午、中秋这三个传统节日纳入了法 定节假日。对此理解正确的是 ?传统节日有着深厚的文化内涵 ?有利于弘扬民族文化 ?有利于增强中华民族的凝聚力 ?有利于拒绝外来文化 A. ??? B. ??? C.??? D.??? 14(2007年10月1日起实施的《物权法》规定，权利人享有的物权受法律保护，任何单位 和个人不得侵害;物权的取得和行使，应当遵守法律，尊重社会公德，不得损害公共利 益和他人合法权益。这说明 A. 公民要树立权利和义务意识 B.公民的权利和义务是相同的 C. 公民的权利和义务受法律保护 D.公民的权利和义务是一致的 15.犯罪最本质的特征是 A(刑事违法性 B(严重社会危害性 C(刑罚当罚性 D(触犯刑法 35(简答题(5分) 得分 评卷人 观察漫画回答: (1)漫画主要反映了什么问题,(2分) (2)实现消费者的心愿，每个部门、每个人都承担着不同的责任。请你从三个不同角度说出其应承担的责任。(3分) 《消费者的心愿》 medical building, rehabilitation building, 2nd floor, serial number F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 B1 B2 camera camera alarm detection access-eau Monitoring Center security deployment statistics are as follows: security point distribution statisticsty Burvent records,, do foolproof. Alarm system set aside 110 automatic alarm system of network interfaces with local public Securigrity, on database for automatically maintenance, also can set automatically backup alarm records, and automatically delete einte each a operator in system in the of operation behavior; in database security aspects, system will automatically check data of police love occurred Shi by computer automatically processing; through on operator grading management, can completely controlan in as to improve the automation of the system. Whole alarm system can since defined voice report different of alarm State, and cntrol center for data analysis and processing, and network resource sharing and remote control, and many other functions, so ter coin either case, would give rise to alarm the controller. Regional alert information is sent to a control center, by the compurt circuit or open circuit, the illegal situation, alarm controller will issue a warning and fault information is displayed; of any bad hidden and police love. If someone on the line and equipment damage, pry the circuit sho Security Bureau. systems, application access control systems to achieve the rehabilitation centers inement tal: 24 (2) access control system access control management system has been widely used in the new information security managumber # 3 13 18 cameras total: 203 total number access: 52 police discussion Measured quantity total: 72 number of pickups to3 # n ra camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera detection medical alarm buildingn access control pickup pickup camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camecontrol alarm detectio 2 36(简答题(6分) 得分 评卷人 朱雪芹是徐州市睢宁县人。1995年～她来到上海～经过多年的刻苦 学习～从一个只有初中文化程度的农民成为公司既会日语又懂技术的“行家里手”。2008年3月～她带着全国2亿农民工的心声出席了第十一届全国人民代表大会。她认为农民工要学会用知识改变命运～用知识维护自身的合法权益。 根据材料，结合所学知识回答: (1)作为一个普通的农民工成为最高国家权力机关的代表，代表广大农民工行使国家权力，这主要说明了什么,(2分) (2)请你从知识改变命运的角度告诉农民工们学习知识的重要性。(4分) 37(材料题(8分) 得分 评卷人 新时期最鲜明的特点是改革开放。某校九年级(1)班兴趣小组走访 了退休职工王爷爷家，了解改革开放30年来居民生活的变化，并就相关问题和王爷爷进行了探讨，请你一起参与。下表是同学们走访时所作的记录: 全年家庭收入,元, 全年家庭支出,元, 年 份 工资收入 其他收入 食品支出 其他支出 1978年 400 0 300 100 1995年 6000 2000 3000 3200 2007年 36000 15000 10000 25000 (1)透过以上记录，你发现王爷爷家发生了哪些变化,(1分) (2)在走访中，王爷爷深有感触地说:“正是改革开放的好政策，才使我们过上今天幸福的生活”。同学们认为很有道理，请你指出其中的道理所在。(3分) (3)在大家与王爷爷的座谈中，小明同学感慨地说:“改革开放使我们国家取得了巨大的成就，我们国家今后必须抓住改革开放这个中心工作”。同学们认为小明的说法是片面的，他们利用所学知识说服了他。你认为同学们是怎样告诉小明的,(4分) Security Bureau. of any bad hidden and police love. If someone on the line and equipment damage, pry the circuit short circuit or open circuit,思想品德、历史试题第3页(共 the illegal situation, alarm controller will issue a warning and fault information is displayed; in either case, would give ri8页) se to alarm the controller. Regional alert information is sent to a control center, by the computer control center for data analysis and processing, and network resource sharing and remote control, and many other functions, so as to improve the automation of the system. Whole alarm system can since defined voice report different of alarm State, and can in police love occurred Shi by computer automatically processing; through on operator grading management, can completely control each a operator in system in the of operation behavior; in database security aspects, system will automatically check data of integrity, on database for automatically maintenance, also can set automatically backup alarm records, and automatically delete event records,, do foolproof. Alarm system set aside 110 automatic alarm system of network interfaces with local public Security Bureau Monitoring Center security deployment statistics are as follows: security point distribution statistics-medical building, rehabilitation building, 2nd floor, serial number F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 B1 B2 camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera detection medical alarm building 3 # number # 3 13 18 cameras total: 203 total number access: 52 police discussion Measured quantity total: 72 number of pickups total: 24 (2) access control system access control management system has been widely used in the new information security management systems, application access control systems to achieve the rehabilitation centers in 38(实践探究题(10分) 得分 评卷人 历史将永远铭记这个坐标:北纬31度～东经103.4度。一场强震撼 动中国～数万生命顷刻陨落。中国将永远铭记这个日子:2008年5月19日～13亿人民默默祈祷～向那些静默于废墟之下的生命致哀:某校九年级(2)班的同学在哀悼三分钟之后，又围绕下列问题进行了讨论，请你与他们一起探究。 【闪耀的人性光辉】(1)党和政府把人民的生命看得高于一切～“救人是重中之重”～“只要有一线希望～我们就要尽百倍努力”……这些做法主要体现了什么理念,(3分) 【绽放的生命之花】(2)在与死神的抗争之中～多少生命依靠顽强的信念与命运抗争。他们的坚韧～他们的渴望～都将作为人类的共同记忆,五星红旗～向那些静默于废墟之下的生命致哀,瞿万容、谭千秋等老师为了保护学生舍弃了自己的生命„„这对我们珍爱生命有什么重要启示,(3分) 【救援的有力武器】(3)生命探测仪、航测飞机、“北斗一号”卫星导航系统等高科技产品在抗震救灾中大显身手～发挥了不可替代的作用。这主要说明了什么道理,(2分) 【汇集爱的海洋】(4)同学们深深感悟到:一个很小的善心乘以13亿就能汇成爱的海洋～一个很大的困难除以13亿就会变得微不足道。大家纷纷捐款捐物表达自己的爱心。你认为同学们除了捐款捐物，还可以采取哪些方式献出自己的爱心,(2分) 徐州市2008年初中毕业、升学考试 思想品德试题参考答案及评分意见 单项选择题(每小题2分，共30分) 题1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 号 答C A C D C D B D C A B A B D B -eau Monitoring Center security deployment statistics are as follows: security point distribution statisticsty Burvent records,, do foolproof. Alarm system set aside 110 automatic alarm system of network interfaces with local public Securigrity, on database for automatically maintenance, also can set automatically backup alarm records, and automatically delete einte each a operator in system in the of operation behavior; in database security aspects, system will automatically check data of police love occurred Shi by computer automatically processing; through on operator grading management, can completely controlan in as to improve the automation of the system. Whole alarm system can since defined voice report different of alarm State, and cntrol center for data analysis and processing, and network resource sharing and remote control, and many other functions, so ter coin either case, would give rise to alarm the controller. Regional alert information is sent to a control center, by the compurt circuit or open circuit, the illegal situation, alarm controller will issue a warning and fault information is displayed; of any bad hidden and police love. If someone on the line and equipment damage, pry the circuit sho Security Bureau. systems, application access control systems to achieve the rehabilitation centers inement tal: 24 (2) access control system access control management system has been widely used in the new information security managumber # 3 13 18 cameras total: 203 total number access: 52 police discussion Measured quantity total: 72 number of pickups to3 # n ra camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera detection medical alarm buildingn access control pickup pickup camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camecontrol alarm detectio medical building, rehabilitation building, 2nd floor, serial number F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 B1 B2 camera camera alarm detection access4 案 35(简答题(5分) (1)侵害消费者权益的现象依然存在;维护消费者的合法权益，实现天天3.15是我们的 共同心愿;维护消费者权益的道路还很艰辛。(2分) (2)国家立法机关应该建立健全相关的法律法规;政府管理部门应该加大管理的力度;生产 经营者应该提高职业道德，提高产品的质量;消费者应该掌握有关的消费知识，依法维 护自己的合法权益。(3分) 评分说明: 第一问每点1分～回答出其中的两点可得2分。 第二问每点1分～回答出其中的三点～可得3分。 36(简答题(6分) (1)我国是人民当家作主的社会主义国家，国家的一切权力属于人民(或答人民是国家的主 人);在我国，人民平等地享有广泛的政治权利;我国的社会主义民主政治在不断发展 和完善;人民代表大会制度是我国的根本政治制度。(2分) (2)知识是人们获得独立生活的前提;知识激发人们的潜能，不断提高和革新自己，奠定走 向未来的基础;只有通过接受教育唤醒潜力、发展智育，才能摆脱愚昧，增长才干，丰 富人生，享受现代文明，在职业活动和其他活动中获得成功;教育为人的未来生活奠基。 (4分) 评分说明: 第一问每点1分～回答出其中的两点可得2分。 第二问每点2分～回答出其中的两点可得4分。言之有理可酌情给分。 若回答以下也可得分:能使我们克服工作中的困难～解决工作中的新问题,能满足 我们生存和发展的需要,能使我们得到更大的发展空间～更好地实现自身价值,还能充 实我们的精神生活～不断提高生活品质。(4分) 37(材料分析题(8分) (1)收入水平有很大提高;生活质量明显提高;消费结构有了改善等。(1分) (2)改革是社会主义的自我完善和发展，是经济和社会发展的强大动力;对外开放，是改革 和建设必不可少的条件;改革开放促进了社会生产力的提高，创造了大量的社会财富， 不断满足人民的需要。(3分) (3)改革开放促进了我国经济的发展，但当前我们应该以经济建设为中心;只有坚持以经济 建设为中心，大力发展生产力，才能从根本上巩固和发展社会主义制度;才能不断满足 人民日益增长的物质文化需要;才能推动社会的全面进步。(4分) 评分说明: 第一问:答出其中一点可得1分。 Security Bureau. of any bad hidden and police love. If someone on the line and equipment damage, pry the circuit short circuit or open circuit,思想品德、历史试题第5页(共 the illegal situation, alarm controller will issue a warning and fault information is displayed; in either case, would give ri8页) se to alarm the controller. Regional alert information is sent to a control center, by the computer control center for data analysis and processing, and network resource sharing and remote control, and many other functions, so as to improve the automation of the system. Whole alarm system can since defined voice report different of alarm State, and can in police love occurred Shi by computer automatically processing; through on operator grading management, can completely control each a operator in system in the of operation behavior; in database security aspects, system will automatically check data of integrity, on database for automatically maintenance, also can set automatically backup alarm records, and automatically delete event records,, do foolproof. Alarm system set aside 110 automatic alarm system of network interfaces with local public Security Bureau Monitoring Center security deployment statistics are as follows: security point distribution statistics-medical building, rehabilitation building, 2nd floor, serial number F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 B1 B2 camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera detection medical alarm building 3 # number # 3 13 18 cameras total: 203 total number access: 52 police discussion Measured quantity total: 72 number of pickups total: 24 (2) access control system access control management system has been widely used in the new information security management systems, application access control systems to achieve the rehabilitation centers in 第二问:每点1分,共3分。 第三问:每点1分,共4分。 38(实践探究题(10分) (1)尊重生命;以人为本;执政为民;中国共产党始终代表最广大人民的根本利益。(3分) (2)永不放弃生的希望;肯定生命，尊重生命;延伸生命的价值。(3分) (3)科学技术是第一生产力;现代科学技术日益渗透到经济发展、社会进步和人类生活的各 个领域，成为生产力中最活跃的因素;我们要进一步推进科教兴国，提高科技创新和教 育创新能力。(2分) (4)以信、电话、短信、电子邮件等方式表达爱心，表示慰问;向社会公众宣传呼吁，唤 起人们的爱心。(2分) 评分说明: 第一问每点1分～回答出其中的两点可得3分。 第二问每点1分～共3分。 第三问每点1分～回答出其中的两点得2分。 第四问每点1分～共2分～切实可行的方式即可得分。 卷面分评分说明: 评分标准:条理清晰～书写规范、工整、美观～得1分。若书写潦草、乱涂乱画、不在规定 的位置书写、主观性试题基本空白等不得分。 n access control pickup pickup camera camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camecontrol alarm detectio medical building, rehabilitation building, 2nd floor, serial number F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 B1 B2 camera camera alarm detection access-eau Monitoring Center security deployment statistics are as follows: security point distribution statisticsty Burvent records,, do foolproof. Alarm system set aside 110 automatic alarm system of network interfaces with local public Securigrity, on database for automatically maintenance, also can set automatically backup alarm records, and automatically delete einte each a operator in system in the of operation behavior; in database security aspects, system will automatically check data of police love occurred Shi by computer automatically processing; through on operator grading management, can completely controlan in as to improve the automation of the system. Whole alarm system can since defined voice report different of alarm State, and cntrol center for data analysis and processing, and network resource sharing and remote control, and many other functions, so ter coin either case, would give rise to alarm the controller. Regional alert information is sent to a control center, by the compurt circuit or open circuit, the illegal situation, alarm controller will issue a warning and fault information is displayed; of any bad hidden and police love. If someone on the line and equipment damage, pry the circuit sho Security Bureau. systems, application access control systems to achieve the rehabilitation centers inement tal: 24 (2) access control system access control management system has been widely used in the new information security managumber # 3 13 18 cameras total: 203 total number access: 52 police discussion Measured quantity total: 72 number of pickups to3 # n ra camera alarm detection access control alarm detection access control pickup pickup camera detection medical alarm building6