水仙花的花语是

水仙花的花语是 , 水仙花的花语是——只爱自己水仙 那咯索斯(Narcissus)原是古希腊一位非常英俊的少年，爱上了自己在水中的倒影。他自恋到目中无人，最终跳入水中与自己的影子永远相伴，经历生死轮回后变成美丽的花，这种花就以他的名字来命名——水仙花。 在西方一说Narcissus(水仙花)，就明白是指孤芳自赏和自我陶醉。 水仙传说 千百年传说～水仙花是洛神～也有说是湘神的化身。她们都是古圣人伏羲或尧的女儿～是妇女的道德典型。前人据此不知写了多少赞美水仙花的诗篇。写得最深最细的～要数曹操的儿子曹植的《洛神赋》～还有宋代高似孙的水仙花前赋与后斌。若把他们抒写水仙花的美～凝聚到一点～便是“纯洁”～用来比拟、颂扬妇女德行～对民风起着积极作用。西方水仙花的花语是坚贞爱情～与我国相似。源出于古希腊神话:谁不忠实于爱情～要受复仇女神惩罚～使他死于水～变成水仙花。故西方水仙花的名字意译便是“恋影花”。引伸便是自省对爱情的诚挚。这和中国掌故是相似的。 一天～宙斯下凡大地探望仙女们～嫉妒的赫拉想对宙斯来个突然袭击～厄科设法和这位天后长谈～转移她的视线～让仙女们争得时间逃之夭夭。 后来～赫拉识破了厄科的诡计。她说:“因为你的舌头欺骗了我～我要限制你的舌头的作用。”赫拉说到做到。从此～仙女厄科就不能第一个讲话～当别人讲话时她也无法保持沉默～但只能鹦鹉学舌似地重复她听到的最后几个音节。 过了不久～喜欢学舌的厄科看到一个猎人追逐几只野鹿。这个猎人叫那喀索斯～是个绝世美男子。她强烈地爱恋那喀索斯。于是～她悄悄地跟在他后面～她对那喀索斯的爱情之火越烧越旺。她多次想向他表白她的爱～但她总是解释不清。她只好扑向那喀索斯～试图把他抱住。可是这位美男子一个箭步躲开了～接着就消失在茂密的树林中。厄科非常失望～到处流浪。她把自己的失败藏在一个深深的洞穴里。她日日夜夜在山里到处游荡。她对那喀索斯产生的爱折磨着她～她的身体逐渐消瘦～血液慢慢蒸发～最后只剩下几根骨头和声音。后来～她的尸骨变成了岩块～而她的声音则到处回荡～回答那些呼喊她的人们。 为了惩罚傲慢的那喀索斯的铁石心肠～众神使他染上了一种怪恋。据说～有一天～那喀索斯来到一口洁净清澈。平静如镜的泉水旁边。绿树掩映的泉水清澈甘美～泉边的青草组成的冠冕倒映水中。那喀索斯想喝那清澈的泉水～于是～他躺在泉边的草地上～把头伸向泉水。这时～他看见自己在清泉中的影子。他突然产生了幻觉～在影子前一动不动～出神地欣赏这个倒影的音容笑貌～已经到了精神恍惚的地步。他身体渐渐消瘦～面色变得憔悴～犹如霜雪在太阳下慢慢融化一样。最后～他由于爱恋自己在水中的倒影而憔悴致死。他的姐妹们那伊阿得斯水神把自己的头发剪下放到他的坟上～以示哀悼。然后～她们堆了一堆木柴准备焚烧那喀索斯的尸体。正当她们要抬走他的尸体时～停放尸体的地方突然长出一株黄白相间的花～后来～人们就以那喀索斯的各字命名这种花。这就是传说中水仙花的由来。 目录?【水仙的简介】 ?【水仙的分类】 ?【水仙的药用】 ?【水仙的传说】 ?【水仙养殖】 ?【养花技巧】 ?【水仙的毒性】 ?【水仙的花语】 ?【网络用语】 ?【有毒植物】 水仙属石蒜科水仙属植物，原产我国，在我国已有一千多年栽培历史，为我国传统名花之一。 【水仙的简介】 【别名】水仙花 【来源】石蒜科水仙属植物水仙，以鳞茎入药。春秋采集，洗去泥沙，开水烫后，切片晒干或鲜用。 【学名】Narcissus tazeta vai chimensis;英文名:Chinese Narsissus; 【别名】凌波仙子、玉玲珑、金银台、水仙花、姚女花、女史花、天葱、雅蒜; 【形态特征】石蒜科多年生草本。地下部分的鳞茎肥大似洋葱，卵形至广卵状球形，外被棕褐色皮膜。叶狭长带状，二列状着生。花葶中空，扁筒状，通常每球有花葶数支，多者可达10余支，每葶数支，至10余朵，组成伞房花序。 因多为水养，且叶姿秀美，花香浓郁，亭亭玉立水中，故有"凌波仙子"的雅号。水仙主要分布于我国东南沿海温暖、湿润地区，福建漳州、厦门及上海崇明岛最为有名。水仙是草本花卉，又名金盏银台、玉玲珑、雅蒜等，原产于我国浙江福建一带，现已遍及全国和世界各地。水仙花朵秀丽，叶片青翠，花香扑鼻，清秀典雅，已成为世界上有名的冬季室内陈设的花卉之一。 水仙为多年生草本植物，鳞茎肥大，呈球状，外被棕褐色皮膜，茎基部生有白色肉质根。水仙的叶由鳞茎顶端绿白色筒状鞘中抽出花茎(俗称箭)再由叶片中抽出。一般每个鳞茎可抽花茎1-2枝，多者可达8-11枝，伞状花序。 【水仙的分类】 中国水仙的主要有两品系: (1)单瓣型:花单瓣，白色，花被6裂，中心有一金黄色环状副冠，故称"金盏银台"亦名"酒杯水仙";若副冠呈白色，花多，叶梢细者，则称"银盏玉台"。 (2)重瓣型:花重瓣，白色，花被12裂，卷成一簇，称为"百叶水仙"或"玉玲珑"，花形不如单瓣的美，香气亦较差，是水仙的变种。 【水仙的药用】 【性味归经】苦、辛，寒。有小毒。 【功能主治】清热解毒，散结消肿。用于腮腺炎，痈疖疔毒初起红肿热痛。 【用法用量】 3,4钱。外用适量，鲜品捣烂敷患处。 【摘录】《全国中草药汇编》 【水仙的传说】 传说水仙花是尧帝的女儿娥皇、女英的化身。她们二人同嫁给舜，姊姊为后，妹妹为妃，三人感情甚好。舜在南巡崩驾，娥皇与女英双双殉情于湘江。上天怜悯二人的至情至爱，便将二人的魂魄化为江边水仙，二人也成为腊月水仙的花神了。前人据此不知写下许多赞美水仙花的诗篇，如曹植的《洛神赋》，宋代高似孙的水仙花前赋与后赋。若把他们抒写水仙花的美凝聚到一点，便是“纯洁”。 传说在福建园山有一位善良的农妇，救济了饥饿垂死的乞丐。这乞丐原是神仙，将吃的饭喷在屋的四周，后来长出金盏银台水仙花。在民间赠送水仙的含义便为赞美您心好必有好运，祝贺您吉祥如意，万事称心。 在古希腊的传说中，水仙则是顾影自怜的少年纳西萨斯(Narcissus)的化身。传说这位美少年在水边看到自己的影子后，就爱上了自己的影子，结果不慎落水而死，死后化为水仙。(注:欧洲水仙与中国水仙是同属的不同种。) 【水仙养殖】 中国水仙需要经过2-3年的种植才能开花。在秋季9一10月间栽培，翌年5月叶子枯黄，6月以鳞茎球形式进入休眠，休眠期间鳞茎球继续进行生理、生化活动。用侧球繁殖的，第二年进入休眠后挖球，经过贮藏期，其中大球冬天开花，一般l球l枝花，市售的崇明水仙就是这样。用侧芽繁殖的，第二年休眠后挖球，秋季再行种植，冬季开花，也是l球l枝花。从侧球种植1年(跨2年)的和侧芽种植2年(跨3年)的球根中，精选大形的优良鳞茎球作种球，秋季进行阉割加工后，再行种植，精心培养，次年可获得1个形体大、两边具侧球、开多枝花的鳞茎球，即商品球。 水仙生长发育各阶段(如营养生长期、鳞茎膨大期、花芽分化期、开花期)需要不同的环境条件。其根、茎、叶、花各部器官对环境条件的要求也不一致。水仙生长期喜冷凉气候，适温为10-20?，可耐0?低温。鳞茎球在春天膨大，干燥后，在高温中(26?以上)进行花芽分化。经过休眠的球根，在温度高时可以长根，但不发叶，要随温度下降才发叶，至温度约6-10?时抽花苔。在开花期间，如温度过高，开花不良或萎蔫不开 花。在温度适当的情况下，它喜光照，也较耐阴。对培养开花的球根，长时间的光照能抑制叶片生 长，有助花摹伸长，高出叶片。生长期间好肥水，如缺水，则生长欠佳。生长后期需充分干燥，否则影响芽分化。土壤要疏松、膨软、中性或微酸性。 一、侧球繁殖:这是最普通常用的一种繁殖方法。储球着生在鳞茎球外的两侧，仅基部与母球相连，很容易自行脱离母体，秋季将其与母球分离，单独种植，次年产生新球。 二、侧芽繁殖:侧芽是包在鳞茎球内部的芽。只在进行球根阉割时，才随挖出的碎鳞片一起脱离母体，拣出白芽，秋季撒播在苗床上，翌年产生新球。 三、双鳞片繁殖:1个鳞茎球内包含着很多侧芽，有明显可见的，有隐而不见的。但其基本规律是闲两张鳞片1个芽。用带有两个鳞片的鳞茎盘作繁殖材料就叫双鳞片繁殖。其方法是把鳞茎先放在低温4-10?处4-8周，然后在常温中把鳞茎盘切小，使每块带有两个鳞片，并将鳞片上端切除留下2厘米作繁殖材料，然后用塑料袋盛含水50,的蛭石或含水6,的砂，把繁殖材料放入袋中，封闭袋口，置20-28?温度中黑暗的地方。经2-3月可长出小鳞茎，成球率80-90,。这是近年开始发展的新方法，四季可以进行，但以4-9月为好。生成的小鳞茎移栽后的成活率高，可达80一100,。 四、组织培养:用MS培养基，每升附加30克蔗糖与5克的活性炭，用芽尖作外植体，或用具有双鳞片的茎盘5×10毫米作外植体，PH值5-7;装入20x100毫米的玻璃管中，每管10毫升培养基，经消毒后，每管植入一个外植体，然后在25?中培养，接种10天后产生小突起，20天后成小球，1月后转入在含NAA0.1/毫克l,2MS的培养基中，6-8周后有叶、有根，移栽在大田中，可100,的成活。用茎尖作外植体的，还有去病毒的作用。水仙栽培有旱地栽培、水田栽培与无土栽培等三种方法。 一、旱地栽培: 每年挖球之后，把可以上市出售的大球挑出来，余下的小侧球可立即种植。也可留待9一10月种植。一般认为种得早，发根好，长得好。种植时，选较大的球用点播法，单行或 宽行种植。单行种植时用6x 25厘米的株行距，宽行种植的用6x15厘米株行距，连续种3-4行后，留出35-40厘米的行距，再反复连续下去。旱地栽培的，养护较粗放，除施2-3次水肥外，不常浇水。单行种植的常与农作物间作。 二、水田栽培: (一)种球选择与分级栽培: 种球选择甚为严格，要求选无病虫害、无损伤、外鳞片明亮光滑、脉纹清晰的作种球，并按球的大小、年龄分三级栽培。 1(1年生栽培:从2年生栽培后的侧球(也叫钻子头)，或从不能作二年生栽培的小鳞茎中选 出球体坚实、宽厚、直径约3厘米的作种球。用撒播、条播或点播法栽培。每亩约栽2、3万株。 2(2年生栽培:经过1年生栽培后，球成圆锥形，从中选出坚实、顶租、直径约4厘米以上的作种球、栽培养护较1年生的细致。每亩约栽8000,l0000株。 3(3年生栽培:3年生栽培也叫商品球栽培。是上市出售、供观赏前的最后一年栽培，其栽培管理极为精细，至为重要。它是从经过2年生栽培的球中，选出球形阔、矮，主芽单一，茎盘宽厚、顶端粗大、直径在5厘米以上的球作种球，种前剥掉外侧球，并用阉割法除去内侧芽，使每球只留一个中心芽。每亩约栽5000株。 (二)栽培要点 1(耕地浸田:8-9月把土地耕松，然后在田间放水没灌，浸田l一2周后，把水排干。随后再耕翻5-6次，深度在35厘米以上，使下层土壤熟化、松软，以提高肥力，减少病虫害和杂草，并增加土壤透气性。 2(施肥作畦:水仙需要大量的有机肥料作基肥。3年生栽培，每亩需要有机肥5000-l万公斤，适当拌一些过磷酸钙或钙镁磷肥，约20-50公斤，2年生栽培用肥量减半，1年生栽培的可以更减少些。这些肥料要分几次随翻地翻入土中，使土壤疏松，肥料均匀，然后将土壤表面整平，作成宽120厘米，高40厘米的畦，沟宽约35 -40厘米。畦面要整齐、疏松，沟底要平滑、坚实，略微倾斜，使流水畅通。 3(种球阉割:为了使鳞茎球经过最后一次栽培后飞跃增大，有利于多开花，需采用种球阉割手术。这项手术的原理与一般植物剥芽一样，是使养分集中，主芽生长健壮，翌年能获得一个硕大的鳞茎球。不同的是它的侧芽是包裹在鳞片之内的，不剖开鳞片就无法去除侧芽。阉割的技术难度较大，操作时要泾渭分明，既要去掉全部侧芽，又不能伤及主芽及鳞茎盘。侧芽居于主芽扁平叶面的两侧，阉割时，首先对准侧芽着生的位置，然后用左手拇指与食指捏住鳞茎盘，再用右手操刀阉割。阉割刀宽约1(5厘米，刀口在先端为回头形。阉割时，挖口宜小，如果误伤了鳞茎盘与主芽时，球就无用，应抛弃之。加发现内部鳞片有黑褐色斑驳者，也应抛弃不用。 4(种球消毒:种植前用40,的福尔马林100倍液浸球5分钟;或用0(1,的升汞水浸球半小时消毒。如有螨存在，可用0(1,的三氯杀螨醇浸种10分钟。 5(种植:漳州10月下旬种植，上海多在9月底-10月上旬种植。由于水仙叶片是向两侧伸展的，因此采用的株距较小、行距较大，3年生栽培用15x 40厘米的株行距，2年生栽培用12x 35厘米的株行距。种植时要逐一审查叶片的着生方向，按未来叶片一致向行间伸展的要求种植，以使有充足的空间。为使鳞茎坚实，宜深植。l、2年生栽培，深约8-10厘米，3年生栽培，深约5厘米。种后覆盖薄土，并立即在种植行上施腐熟肥水。种后清除沟中泥块，拉平畦面，并立即灌水满沟。次日把水排干，待泥粘而不成浆时，整修沟底与沟边并予夯实，以减少水份渗透，使流水畅通。修沟之后，在畦面盖稻草，3年生者覆草宜厚，约5厘米，l、2年生者，覆草可薄些。覆草时，使稻草根伸向畦两侧沟中，梢在畦中重叠相接。种植结束 后放水，初期水深约8一10厘米，l周后加深到15-20厘米，水面维持在球的下方，使球在土中，根在水中。深达沟水中，根梢在畦头的中央重叠相接。初期沟水深约8一10厘米，l周后再加深到15-20厘米，水面维持在鳞茎球下方，使根在水中，球在土中。 (三)养护 水仙由种植到挖球，需要在田间生长6-7个月。要长成一个理想的鳞茎，除上述基础工作外，主要靠养护。 1(灌水:沟中经常要有流水，水的深度与生长期、季节、天气有关，花农有"北风多水，西南少水，雨天排水，晴天保水"的原则。一般天寒时，水宜深;天暖时，水宜浅;生长初期，水深维持在畦高的3,5处，使水接近鳞茎球基部。2月下旬，植株已高大，水位可略降低，晴天水深为畦高的l,3，如遇雨天，要降低水位，不使水淹没鳞茎球。在4月下旬一5月，要彻底去除拦水坝，排干沟水，直至挖球。 2(追肥:水仙好肥。在发芽后开始追肥，3年生栽培，追肥宜勤，隔7天施1次，2年生栽 培，每隔lo天1次，1年生栽培半月施1次。上海天寒，为提高水仙的耐寒力，在入冬前要施1次磷钾肥。1月停肥，2月下旬至4月中旬继续追肥，以磷钾肥为主，5月停肥、晒田。 3(剥芽与摘花:阉割鳞茎球时，如有末除尽的侧芽萌发，应及早进行l一2次拔芽工作，以补阉割不尽之弊田间种植的水仙12月下旬一3月开花，为使养料集中到鳞茎球的生长上去，应予摘花。为充分利用花材，在花茎伸长至20厘米时可剪作切花出售。 4(防寒:水仙虽耐一定的低温，但也怕浓霜与严寒。偶现浓霜时，要在日出之前喷水洗霜，以免危害水仙叶片。对于低于-2?的天气，应有防寒措施。较暖地区可栽风障，上海地区可用薄膜防寒。 10月份，自然界温度逐渐降低，水仙花芽分化发育已完备，开始进入分级包装上市销售阶段。水仙用竹篓包装。鳞茎球的等级是以装进篓的球数而定的，一篓装进20只球的，为20庄，属最佳级;依次而下，装进30、40、 50、60只球的，分别叫做30庄、40庄、50庄、60庄。现在常合四篓的球数，装进一个大篓中。 近年包装又有所改进，采用精美的纸盒包装，盒外印有水仙图案，既好看、又清洁。特级的1盒2球。 1.怎样挑选水仙球, 水仙球的优劣决定着花开的多少和花香的是否浓郁。要想养一盆好的水仙花，必须从选择好水仙球茎开始。 选择水仙球茎可从看形、观色、按压、问庄四方面进行。 (1)看形:优质的水仙鳞茎，一般个体大、形扁、质硬，表皮纵脉条纹距离较宽，中膜绷得很紧，皮色光亮，根盘宽大肥厚 ，主球旁生有对称的小球茎。 (2)观色:从外表看上去，球茎呈深褐色、包膜完好、色泽明亮，无枯烂、虫害的痕迹为上品。 (3)按压:按压是选择、鉴别水仙花箭多少的主要手段。可用拇指和食指捏住球茎，稍用力按压， 手感轮廓呈柱状，有弹性，比较坚实的，为花箭;手感松软，轮廓呈扁平状，弹性稍差的，则多为叶芽。 (4)问庄:水仙一般都采用同样大小的竹篓包装，有每篓装20个、30个、40个和50个球茎的四种包装规格，俗称20庄、30庄、40庄和50庄。每篓装的个数越少，其球茎个体就越大。如每篓装20个的20庄球茎，每个球茎的直径可达12厘米，为一等品;30庄的，球茎个体较20庄的稍小一些。以上这两种水仙球茎，一般每球可开花4-7箭以上，为上品。40庆和50庄的球茎，个体就小得多了，一般只能开1-3朵箭的花。 2.怎样水养水仙, 水仙可盆栽或水养，一般家庭多用水养。 水仙的水养方法如下:将选购来的水仙鳞茎剥去外皮，去掉根部的护泥和枯根，然后用小刀剥去鳞茎上部3-4层外表皮，使其间的花芽露出，注意剥取时不要损伤花芽。再将鳞茎放入清水中浸泡一夜，第二天擦去切口流出的粘液，再直立放入水仙浅盆中，加水淹没鳞茎三分之一的为宜。盆中可用石英砂 、鹅卵石等将鳞茎固定。 白天水仙盆要放置在阳光充足的地方，晚上移入室内，并将盆内的水倒掉，以控制叶片徒长。次日晨再加入清水，注意不要移动鳞茎的方向。刚上盆时，水仙可每日换一次水，以后每2-3天换一次，花苞形成后，每周换一次水。水仙在10-15度环境下生长良好，约45天即可开花，花期可保持月余。 水仙水养期间，特别要给予充足的光照，白天要放在向阳处，晚间可放在灯光下。这样可防止水仙茎叶徒长，而使水仙叶短宽厚、茁壮，叶色浓绿，花开香浓。水养水仙，一般不需要施肥，如有条件，在开花期间稍施一些速效磷肥，花可开得更好。 3.怎样雕刻蟹爪水仙, 对水仙球进行雕刻造型，是我国传统艺术手法。经人工雕刻成的蟹爪水仙，叶片和花梗卷曲，似螃蟹爪子，故称蟹爪水仙。雕刻蟹爪水仙要经过剥鳞片、刻叶苞片、削叶缘、雕花梗四道工序: (1)剥鳞片:先把水仙花头上的泥土和枯根刮净，剥去棕褐色的外皮。在鳞茎2/3或1/2处用刀沿着和底部相平行的弧线切入，逐层剥去上部2/3的鳞片，剥至出叶芽为止。 (2)刻叶苞片:用刀将叶芽两侧鳞瓣和叶苞片一片一片地刻掉，要耐心细致，切勿碰伤叶芽。遇到两侧的叶芽是弯曲的，或两芽靠得太紧时，可用手指把柔软的叶芽轻轻支开，再慢慢 把中间的鳞瓣刻去。叶芽外面还包着一层光滑的鳞瓣，要小心剥 ，让整个叶芽外露。 (3)削叶缘:水仙花的叶片，原来都是笔直生长的，要想使叶片和花梗都长成弯曲的蟹爪状，就要对其削切。削叶缘时，要用手指从叶芽背向前稍施压力，使花芽叶芽分离开，然后从裂缝间下刀，从上到下，从外叶到内叶平均地把叶缘削去1/3到2/3。经过刻削的一面组织受伤结疤，生长缓慢，未经刻削的一面仍健壮生长，两面生长不平衡，就长成向一面弯曲的蟹爪状叶片了。操作时，不能碰伤叶芽中间的花苞。 (4)雕花梗:花芽的上部是花苞，下部是花梗。雕花梗难度较大，不能碰破花苞。雕花梗时，要从上向下把 花梗削去1/4左右的深度。若要花梗向哪个方向弯曲，便削花梗的哪一面。 水仙花侧球与主球的雕刻方法相同。雕刻后的鳞茎应将切口朝下，放入清水中浸泡一昼夜，然后洗净粘液，再置浅水盆中养护。一般经雕刻过的水仙，开花提早，花期缩短。 4.怎样防止水仙出现"哑花", 所谓"哑花"，是指水仙在水养过程中，花葶中途夭折，花蕾枯萎或花蕾未开先衰的现象。"哑花"现象主要由以下几种原因引起: (1)水仙球质量差。球体小，花芽发育不良;球体遭受病虫害，根盘干朽，发根少，体质弱。 (2)养护不当。换水不勤，光照不足，室温过高，通风不良，造成叶片徒长，花葶瘦弱。此外，换水时碰伤根和花葶，也会导致出现"哑花"。 (3)水养季节不当。如霜降前鳞茎处于休眠期或清明后气温升高时进行水养，均会出现"哑花"。 要防止"哑花"，首先要挑选三年生的优质鳞茎进行水养。水养用水最好使用雨水或池塘水，如用自来水，应贮存一天再用。再就是要保证所养水仙光照充足，每日不少于6小时，还要注意室内通风。气温保持在12-15度，最利于水仙生长。在北方，天气干燥，每天要向水仙植株喷水。 5.怎样防治水仙病虫害, 水仙主要病虫害有大褐斑病、叶枯病、线虫病、曲霉病、青霉病等。 褐斑病，主要危害水仙的叶和茎。初染时出现于叶尖，褐色，大片感染时叶和梗均会出现病斑，使叶片扭曲，植株停止生长，导致枯死。发病初期，可用75%百菌清可湿性粉剂600-700倍水溶液，每5-7天喷洒一次，连喷数次可控制病害发展。种植前剥去膜质鳞片，将鳞茎放在0.5%福尔马林溶液中，或放在50%多菌灵500倍水溶液中浸泡半小时，可预防此病发生。 枯叶病，多发生在水仙叶片上，初发时为褪绿色黄斑，然后呈扇面形扩展，周边有黄绿色晕圈，后期叶片干枯并出现黑色颗粒状物。此病可于栽植前剥去干枯鳞片，用稀高锰酸冲洗2-3次预防。病发初期，可用50%代森锌1500倍水溶液喷洒。 线虫病，主要危害水仙的叶片和花茎。初发时，水仙叶片和花茎上会出现黄褐色镶嵌条纹，然后出现水泡状或波涛状隆起，导致叶和茎表皮破裂而呈褐色，直至枯萎。此病可用40-43度的0.5%福尔马林液浸泡鳞茎3-4小时加以预防。如在养护过程中发现植株染病严重，应立即将病株剔除并销毁。 6.怎样控制水仙的开花期, 水仙的花期，早于桃李而晚于梅。一般秋冬开始水养，冬春即可开花。那么，怎样能使水仙在元旦，春节期间开花呢,通过人为控制水仙花期，可以达到这一目的。 一般水仙球正常进行水养45-50天可如期开花。所谓正常水养，即要保证水仙水养后，每天有6小时的光照时间，室温保持在10-15度左右为宜。如遇天气反常，光照不足，温度过低(过高)，那就要采取措施， 使水仙能如期开花。 常用办法:?气温过低、光照不足时，可给水仙盆内换上12-15度的温水;晚上用塑料薄膜围住水仙盆，并用60瓦灯光距花40-50厘米处，进行增温和加强光照，同时要给水仙叶面喷水，防止温度骤然增高。?气温过高时，则要在水仙盆中适量加入冷水，夜间将盆中水倒掉，进行低温处理，这样可使水仙推迟开花。 7.防止叶子疯长和根须泡烂 首先，晚上空水的话根须不会干枯。 须根发黄发软:要勤换水。水仙花要保持水的清洁，最好2—3天换水一次，以防止根腐烂。发黄处可用柔软牙刷轻刷。 8.怎样培育叶子短、花梗长的水仙 欲想培育叶子短、花梗长的水仙花，关键在于促进花梗生长，避免叶子徒长。 水养水仙花时，先将水仙球外表的褐色包膜去掉，在水仙球的上部各芽之间纵向切一刀，切透3-4层鳞片，再在两边各横切一刀，千万勿伤及花芽，洗去粘液，放置在浅盆中培养。 白天放在阳光充足的地方，晚上倒去盆中的水，第2天早上再加水培育，这样就可以避免叶片的徒长。 也可以通过先地栽或盆栽，再水养的方法达到叶子短花梗长的效果。具体做法是先将水仙球入土种植在阳光充足的地方，每天浇水，直到抽出花梗，再将水仙球挖出，洗去泥土，水养在室内观赏。 9.如何处理开过花的水仙 春节过后，水仙花就凋谢了。通常人们都会把开过花的水仙球扔掉，这其实很可惜。水仙是一种多年生植物，它是靠鳞茎来繁殖的，如果将那些已开过花的鳞茎再埋到土里，它就可以继续生长繁殖。 选择背风向阳、土层深厚的菜园地或苗圃地，深耕耙平后筑成高垄，在垄上开沟，将已开过花的鳞茎埋入其中，叶片自然保留。一个月后，叶片枯萎休眠，此时掘起鳞茎，切掉须根，并沿基部剪去已枯黄的叶片，然后再将鳞茎埋入，深度以10厘米为宜，同时施入腐熟饼肥液或人粪尿，然后耙平。不能图省事，往花盆里一埋了事，因为鳞茎要在土壤里度过漫长的春、夏、秋三个季节，特别是夏、秋两季，高温炎热，鳞茎埋入其中，上面又无叶片，如果忘记给它们浇水施肥，会造成干旱死亡。 处理好鳞茎后，后面的工作就是日常的养护管理，平时只要注意给予园地充足的养分，同时保持园地湿润但不积水，鳞茎就能自然生长。等到11、12月份的时候，再将鳞茎挖出，那时你会发现老鳞茎已腐烂变空，但它的周围却繁殖出许多大大小小的鳞茎。把那些个大芽多的鳞茎挑选出来，洗净上面的泥土，剥除表层的褐色皮膜，再放在外面晒上几个小时的太阳，然后用刀在球顶部划一“十”字形切口，深度以不伤及鳞片内芽眼为度，以利芽、叶长出。放入清水中浸泡24 小时，洗净切口上流出的胶状黏液，即可进行正常水养了。一般3天后，球底部可长出白色须根，球顶芽眼也渐渐萌出叶片。至于那些个小的鳞茎，因当年不会开花，就让它们在土壤里再生长一年，待翌年发育壮实后，再挖出进行水养。 10.栽培方法 水仙性喜阳光、温暖，要求空气温度大，不甚耐寒，且怕炎热，营养生长期需要湿润而又不积水的沙质的土壤。水仙和其他宿类多年生草本花卉不同，它具有秋季开始生长，冬天开花，春季贮藏养分，夏季休眠的特点。 栽培水仙有水培法和土培法两种方法。 水培法即用浅盆水浸法培养。具体做法是在10月中、下旬或11月上旬，选用肥大的鳞茎，在其上端用刀刻割“十”字形的切口，以利鳞茎内芽的抽出，然后浸入清水中一天，取出后擦去刀口处流出的粘液，直立放于不漏水的浅盆中，周围放些洁净而美观的小石块，使其固定，每一至两天换一次水，如果保证4—12?的温度和充分的光照条件，约在元旦和春节之间开花。开花时花盆移至冷凉处(温度不高于4—8?)，能使花期延至月余。 土培法即利用大多数润土花卉的培养法来栽培水仙。于10月中、下旬，用肥沃的沙质土壤把大块鳞茎栽入小呈有孔的花盆中，栽入一半露出一半，鳞下面应事先垫一些细沙，以利排水。把花盆置于阳光充足、温度适宜的室内。以4至12?为好，温度过低容易发生冻害，温度过高再加之光照不足，容易陡长，植株细弱，开花时间短暂，降低观赏价值。管理中如果满足光照和温度的要求，则叶片肥大，花莛粗壮，因而能使花朵开得大，芳香持久。土培水仙，可在开花前追施二至三次液肥。 水仙花因气候条件有限，不能自行繁殖。 栽培水仙，如果没有什么病虫危害，不需要洒药。 冬季水培水仙，温度、光照、给水是水仙能否开花的三要素。水仙生长要求有充足的阳光;适宜温度为12?,15?;干净的水。 在水养之前，应先剥去鳞茎球外层干枯的褐色鳞片叶，去掉护根泥和基部的褐色朽根(注意不要碰伤白色的新根)，洗净表面，直立于无排水孔的浅盆中，四周用小石子固定，使其不倾倒。加清水到鳞茎球的2,3处。刚上盆时，每天换一次晾晒过的自来水，开花前可改为2—3天换一次水。 控制开花时间。在光照充足，给水洁净的条件下，当室内温度在12?,15?时，水仙从浸泡到开花约需40天;室温在18?左右，约需30天;室温在20?时，只需25天就开花;因此可根据需要确定水仙球的浸泡日期，适时欣赏到清香美丽的水仙花。 养水仙不需任何花肥，只用清水即可。为使水仙生长健壮，白天应拿到阳台晒太阳。如果想推迟花期，可采取降低水温的办法，或者采取傍晚把盆水倒尽，次日清晨，再加清水的做法。此外，如果节前10天看不到饱满花苞，可采用给水加温的方法催花，水温以接近体温为宜。 只要掌握了水仙养护的条件，就可以“花随人意开”;否则就会推迟，甚至光长叶不开花。 11.水仙花休眼球催芽 ?剥衣:即剥去鳞茎球外面一层褐色表皮。 ?切球:在鳞茎球的上半部左、右各1/3处，向下横切，再向上横切去2,3层鳞片，同时在芽的左右两侧正中向下纵切一刀，深至球的半腰。操作时要避免碰伤嫩芽，要细细剔除底部老根和泥土。 ?浸球:用清水浸泡切好的鳞茎球1,2天，然后将球内流出的胶液冲洗干净。 ?催芽:浸好的鳞茎球需放在阳光下曝晒，最好放入容器内，覆盖一层砻糠。每天浇水一次，使砻糠保持温度和湿度。这时要注意防寒和光照过强，可以适当遮盖。一周后新芽萌出，便可充分照射阳光。50天左右，花头窜出，即可取出水仙球冲洗干净，移栽于水盆中养植。 【养花技巧】 1、阿斯匹林助水仙花盛开 用1,2片阿斯匹林药片，放入水中溶解透，取代水仙花盆中的清水，可使花更壮实茂盛。…… 2、水仙花期控制 水仙花的培育与气温变化有密切关系，所以要控制花期就要调节温度。如需春节期间开花，一般可于节前26天左右开始浸水催花。处理好水仙头，令其正常生长。 ?遇气温偏高，水仙生长速度快，有提前开花的迹象时，要适当遮荫，以减少阳光的照晒。 ?遇低温寒潮，估计不能如期开花，则需防寒保暖，增加光照，必要时采取人工保暖措施，如使用温度调节器或用温水养花等，阴雨天还可用电灯补充光照。 3、水仙增温催花 水仙在低温下生长缓慢，可用增温的方法催花: ?阳光增温:白天移放室外阳光下，或室内朝南阳光充足的玻璃窗前，直至开花为止。 ?灯光增温:在花盆中罩上塑料罩，开电灯照射，待罩内升温至23?停止。 ?电热器增温:开启电热器或将电吹风放置在不至烫伤水仙花的位置，让暖风徐徐吹拂花体，连续数天至花朵绽放。 ?温水增温:在水盆内放入少量温水，让水温升到12,15?。 4、盐延长水仙花期 当水仙花全部盛开时，将少量食盐放入盆中，能使花期延长。切忌在水仙含苞待放时就放盐，否则反而会抑制花蕾开放。 或用两片阿司匹林碾成粉末，放入1000毫升的水中，溶化后洒在正在开花的水仙盆中，可使水仙花期延长一周左右的时间。 5.增艳法 当水仙花花莛长到25厘米左右的高度时，用医用注射器将蒸制糕点的食用色素的水溶液注入到莛茎内，注入点为茎杆高度的上1/4处。 6.定时开花法 若使水仙在春节前夕开花，提前一个月把水仙放入水仙盆中，用几粒石子把水仙球固定住，注入清水放在阳光充足的地方进行水培，每天或隔天换一次水，再在水中放入几粒盐，这样既能使水仙在春节开花，又能延长开花期。 7.气候条件的影响 若想新春佳节水仙花香溢满厅堂，首先，要了解水仙花生长的适宜温度。科学试验证明室温8-12?C对水仙 的生长最适宜。 其次，水仙从泡浸到开花，需要一定的积温。在室温8-20?C的情况下，室温越高开花越快。花卉学家研究证实:室温8-12?C时，40天才开花;室温保持15?C则28-30天开花;若室温18-20?C时，23-25天即可开花。珠三角地区1月中旬至2月中旬的室温约在16-20?C之间，那么，正常情况下20-25天可开花。 第三，花期长短随室温变化而变化。那么，怎样才能使花期长、芳香久留呢,科学控制温室是最好的办法。当室温?23?时，花期只有7天左右;8-12?的话，花期可长达15至20天;15-20?时花期有10天;若室温保持4?左右，花期可长达1个月之久。按珠江三角洲地区的气温条件，一般花期可保持10天。 第四，春节期间家庭养水仙宜放在阳光充足、通风良好而又远离暖气、火炉的地方。花蕾欲放时，需移至室内凉处，避免阳光直射，保持室温均衡少变。 栽培技术要求不高，只要保持温度在15?左右，有充足的阳光和勤浇水、常换水，养殖25天,30天就能开花。但要注意几点: 1(温度不能超过25?以上，否则就停止生长进入休眠，造成花苞黄瘪，痿干; 2(阳光要充足，否则叶片会长成大蒜叶; 3(用的水要清洁，否则因水变质造成污染烂根。 【水仙的毒性】 水仙的花、枝、叶都有毒，不过，不食用是没问的。 【水仙的花语】 水仙——自恋 水仙花在过年象征——思念，表示团圆 水仙别名金盏银台，花如其名，绿裙、青带，亭亭玉立于清波之上。素洁的花朵超尘脱俗，高雅清香，格外动人，宛若凌波仙子踏水而来。水仙花语有两说:一是“纯洁”。二是“吉祥”。 在西方，水仙花的意译便是“恋影花”，花语是坚贞的爱情，引伸一下便是自省对爱情的诚挚。 【网络用语】 网络用语:指灌水狂人。 【有毒植物】 该物种为中国植物图谱数据库收录的有毒植物，其毒性为全草有毒，鳞茎毒性较大。误食后有呕吐、腹痛、脉搏频微、出冷汗、下痢、呼吸不规律、体温上升、昏睡、虚脱等，严重者发生痉挛、麻痹而死。鳞茎的浸剂对豚鼠、兔和猫的子宫都有很强的兴奋作用，能使鸽呕吐。小鼠腹腔注射水仙总生物碱LD50为182mg,kg;狗肌肉注射16mg,kg，出现活动减少、不食，部分死亡。 如果您认为本词条还有待完善，需要补充新内容或修改错误内容，请 编辑词条 开放分类: 植物、家庭养花、中草药、盆栽花卉、水仙 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.