阅读理解练习五

阅读理解练习五 Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Text 1 Let us imagine the Lunar Base as it might be some decades after its foundation. In the center are the main building of the Base, its residential area, as it were, surmounted by the observatory. Some miles away, on the left, it the space-port with its associated services, fuel-storage tanks and so on. The object in the middle distance looking like an oversized electric fire is a solar power plant, collecting the Sun's rays and focusing them on to boiler pipes which carry their heated content to a turbine. The whole apparatus is pivoted so that it can follow the Sun around the sky. On the Moon, where unbroken sunlight is received for fourteen terrestrial days ,such a power plant would be a very attractive proposition. Even when nuclear power is cheaper and more convenient than solar energy, such plants might still be retained as 'stand-bys'. The green tubes surrounding the Base are the pressurized glass houses of the hydroponic farms. This method of cultivation(sometimes known as soilLess farming)would seem well suited to lunar conditions, where enclosed space would be at a premium. The plants are simply supported on netting over tanks through which nutrient liquids flow, and if plenty of sunlight is available large crops can be grown very rapidly. Since conventional flying machines obviously cannot operate on the airless Moon, long-range lunar transport presents something of a problem. Rockets would almost certainly be uneconomic for short distances, and it appears quite likely that railways or overhead transport wires would be extensively used. Pressurized vehicles with large balloon tyres would also be employed for much the same duties that they fulfil on the Earth. Their motors would be electric, operated by storage batteries, or else turbines driven by reacting rocket fuels, either directly as in a gas turbine, or indirectly through the use of some intermediate fluid. The Lunar Base depicted here may seem somewhat impressive, not to say fantastic, but it must be remembered that it may be a full century away. That length of time, with the aid of atomic power, would be amply long enough to change the face of a world Text 1译文 让我们想象一下月球基地在它建成的几十年里会是什么样子。其中心是基地的主楼,由天文台覆盖的住宅区。几英里外的左边是宇航基地,以及一些相关的维修服务,燃料储存罐等等。 中间的那个看起来象一个特大型电炉的物体是一个太阳能发电站。它把太阳光线集中起来,汇聚于锅炉管,把热能传导到一个涡轮。整个设备都是可回转的,因此它能跟着太阳在天空中转。月球有地球十四天才能达到的完整日照,因此在上面建一个发电站是一个非常吸引人的主张。即使核能比太阳能更便宜,更方便,太阳能依然能成为备用品。 基地周围的绿管子是溶液培养农场的加了压的玻璃房子。这种栽培(有时也被称为无土壤农场)可能会与月球环境相适应。储存罐上的网通过流出的营养液体支撑着植物,如果有大量的太阳光,作物就能长得更快。 因为传统的飞行器显然不能在真空的月球中运转,月球的大范围传输就产生了一个问 。火箭在短程中肯定不经济,铁路或高空运输线很可能被广泛运用。带大汽轮胎的加压交通工具也可能由于它们在地球上所担当的同样的责任而被采用。它们或带电力发动机,或靠蓄电池运转,或通过与火箭燃料起反应推动涡炉,或直接作为燃气涡炉,或间接用于媒介流动。 这儿描述的月球基地可能有点吸引人,但尽管不是异想天开,也必须记住可能得100年后才能建成。这么长的一段时间,加上原子能的帮助,将足够改变世界的面貌。 46.The Lunar Base described in the text _______. 〖A〗Is one of man's fantastic dreams that can never come true 〖B〗Was constructed some decades ago 〖C〗Might be built in thirty or forty years 〖D〗Will probably come into existence before the 21st century ends 答案:〖D〗 释疑:本篇讲述的是月球基地的情况。文中所述的都是假设的。最后一段话中,作者指出:这个要在一个世纪之后才能完成。因此〖D〗项的说法:在二十一世纪结束时,月球基地才能成为现实是正确的。 47.What do you understand by solar power plant? 〖A〗A factory using solar power. 〖B〗A producer of electricity. 〖C〗An oversized electric fire. 〖D〗A fuel-storage tank. 答案:〖B〗 释疑:太阳能电厂当然就是发电厂,所以选〖B〗。它不是应用太阳能的工厂[A],不是一个超大型的电力火球[C],也不是一个燃料储存罐[D]。 48.Hydroponic farms are _______. 〖A〗Farms without soil 〖B〗Plants that provide nutrient liquids 〖C〗Farms where large crops grow rapidly 〖D〗Farms where there's always plenty of sunlight 答案:〖A〗 释疑:使用溶液培养的农场是不需要土壤的。Hydroponic这个词属冷僻词,但作者在后面的句子中提到,它有时也被称为无土壤的农场。由此可推断出〖A〗为正确答案。其他几项的廉洁也就是错误的了。 49.Why can't conventional flying machines operate on the moon? 〖A〗There is no need for long-range transport. 〖B〗They are not economical. 〖C〗Railways and overhead transport wires are extensively used. 〖D〗There is no air on the moon. 答案:〖D〗 释疑:文中倒数第二段提到:很明显,传统的飞行器不能在没有空气的月球上使用。所以答案应选〖D〗,因为月球上没有空气,所以传统的飞行器不能在月球上使用。〖C〗"很可能铁路和高架运输线会被广泛使用"是结果,而不是原因。 50.The passage mainly discussed _______. 〖A〗How to build a Lunar Base 〖B〗Living conditions on the moon in the near future 〖C〗A likely future base on the moon 〖D〗The Lunar Base built decades ago 答案:〖C〗 释疑:本文主要讲座的是未来的月球基地。它将在一个世纪之后建成,而不是几十年前就建成了,所以〖D〗错。本文也没有提到建造月球基地(A)和将来月球上的生存条件问题(B)。 Text 2 It was a large house that stood among other identical large houses in a tree-shaded square. At first I wondered if there could be some mistake; the place looked more like the town house of one of Oscar Wilde's characters. But the address in the advertisement was clear enough, so I rang the doorbell. A colored maid answered it. When I said I was looking for a room she nodded pleasantly, and led me up four flights of stairs. The carpets were thick and red, and the wall decorations were of a kind I had only seen in Hollywood musicals. I had a feeling that I was about to be shown a fifteen-guinea-a-week flat and that I should feel very foolish explaining that I was looking for something about ten times as cheap. But she led me up a final narrow flight of stairs with no carpet, and showed me a tiny room with a gas-fire, a single bed, an armchair and a table. It was icy cold. I glanced out of the window at roofs and back gardens, and asked casually how much it was. She said she would have to ask the landlady. She led me back to the first floor, where she rang the bell of an enormous white door with a cut glass knob. After a long delay, a tall woman in a dressing-gown opened it. She had a beaky nose and the eyes of bird, and she ignored me, speaking sharply to the maid:' Well, Matilda?', like a headmistress, demanding an explanation. 'This gentleman would like a room, ma'am. The sharp eyes now turned on me. 'Which one? The top one?' 'I have no idea which we advertised,' she said acidly. 'I leave all that to my agent.' 'The top one, ma'am,' Matilda said. 'It's two pounds fifteen a week,' the woman said, surveying me as if to say 'I am sure this person can't afford it.' By this time I felt so thoroughly in the wrong that I put on an overjoyed expression, as if such cheapness all my hopes, and said:' Good. I'd like to take it.' 'Can you pay a week in advance?' 'Certainly,' I said, fumbling for my wallet. She made a little aggrieved motion, and raised her eyebrows at me. 'Give it to Matilda,' she said, and closed the door on us. Matilda grinned at me sympathetically, and led me back upstairs. She showed me the location of the bathroom and lavatory, how to put shillings in the gas meter, and how to light the gas fire without causing an explosion. Finally she went off with three pounds, and returned with five shillings and a front door key. Then I was left alone in my own room at last. Text 2译文 在树阴广场中,有一座大房子与其他同样的大房子并列着。起初,我以为搞错了,这个地方更象是奥斯卡.王尔德笔下人物的市内住宅。但广告上的地址非常清楚,于是我摁了门铃。一个深肤色的少女开了门。当我说我正在找住房时,她礼貌地点了点头,带我上了四段楼梯。 地毯又厚又红,墙上是我只有在好莱坞音乐喜剧中才能看到的装饰品。我感觉到在我面前展示的将是一套每星期五十几尼的公寓,而我应该觉得羞愧,因为我寻找的是比这便宜十倍的房子。可是她将我带到最后一段很狭窄的没有地毯的楼梯,带进一间只有煤油火,一张单人床,一把扶手椅子和一张桌子的冷如冰的小房间。 我往窗外扫了眼屋顶和后花园,小心翼翼的问多少钱。她说她得问问女主人。她把我带回一楼,在那儿她摁了摁一扇巨大的带印花玻璃的白门。在一阵很长的等待之后,一个穿着睡袍的高个子女人开了门。她鼻子坚挺,有一双象鸟一样的眼睛。她不理我,尖声地对那个少女说:“马蒂达?”象个要求解释的女校长。 “这位先生想要一个房间,夫人。” 那双锐利的眼睛现在转向了我。 “哪一间?最上头的那一间?” “我并不知道我们作了广告,”她不悦地说,“我全交给了我的代理人。” “最上面的那间,夫人。”马蒂达说。 “每周2英镑55,”那个女人说道,看着我好象在说我确信这人付不起。 而这时的我已经完全错乱了,以致于出现一种狂喜的表情,好象这正如我所期盼的那么便宜。我说:“好,我要了。” “你能预付一个礼拜吗?” “当然,”我说着,摸了摸钱包。 她做了个受委屈的动作,向我挑挑眉,“给马蒂达吧”,说完关上了我们面前的那扇门。 马蒂达朝我同情地笑笑,把我带回楼上去。她给我指出浴室和卫生间的位置,如何把先令防子煤气表里,以及如何点燃煤气而不会引起爆炸。最后,她带走了三英镑,留下五先令和一把前门钥匙。终于我单独留在了自己的房间里。 51.he wondered if there could be some mistake because _______. 〖A〗All the large houses looked alike 〖B〗The one he saw was the town house of one of Oscar Wilde's characters 〖C〗It was a very large house in a tree shaded square 〖D〗He had got the wrong address 答案:〖C〗 释疑:他弄不明白是不是什么地方搞错了,因为他想找一个小的、便宜的房子,可这里却是一个奢华的地方。所以选〖C〗。作者是拿奥斯卡·王尔德作品中的主人公作比喻,而不是说他真看到了他的主人公的房子,所以〖B〗不对。 52.A colored maid answered the doorbell. A colored mail means _______. 〖A〗The maid was dressed in colorful clothes 〖B〗Her face was red with excitement 〖C〗There was an angry look on her face 〖D〗The maid was a woman of non-white race 答案:〖D〗 释疑:本题重点在于对"colored"这个词的理解。当这个词用来修饰人时,意思是有色人种,也即除了白人以外的其他种族,所以正确答案为〖D〗。明白了这个词的含义,其他答案自然都是错误的了。 53.When the young man was led upstairs, he thought the room he was going to see would he _______. 〖A〗Tiny and icy cold 〖B〗Very much to his liking 〖C〗Too expensive for him 〖D〗At the top of the house 答案:〖C〗 释疑:在上楼之前,年轻人看到的景象都是气派豪华的,他心里忐忑不安,心想租金肯定会很高,这种推理是合科情理的,因此选〖C〗。其他几项推理都违背常理。 54.As he climbed the stairs after the maid, he thought he was going to be _______. 〖A〗Foolish 〖B〗Stupid 〖C〗Disappointed 〖D〗embarrassed 答案:〖D〗 释疑:同样道理,当他跟随女佣上楼时,他想租金很高,他肯定拿不出这么多钱,那样的话他会感到很羞愧。在那种情况下不会愚蠢[A]和[B]以及失望[C]的感觉。因此选〖D〗最符合逻辑。 55.What was the young man doing? 〖A〗He was visiting a rich lady. 〖B〗He was getting into a large house by mistake. 〖C〗He was checking in at an expensive hotel. 〖D〗He was looking for a room. 答案:〖D〗 释疑:本题的主题是讲一个年轻人在找一个住处,所以选〖D〗。他不是去拜访一个富有的女士[A],也没有误闯进一个大房间[B],他是按广告上刊登的地址找上门的。这个地方更不是一个旅馆[C]。 Text 3 DeWitt Wallace claimed he had four pieces of luck when giving birth to the Reader Digest. The first was when he tried to interest leading publishers in his concept of a reading service of entertaining and constructive material. They weren't in the slightest bit interested. The second was when he was working in East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. A fellow worker, impressed by the prototype of the fledgling magazine, convinced Wallace he could sell it by direct mail. This led straight to the third bit of luck. His boss, hearing of his involvement in a business venture, fired him. Later DeWitt Wallace was to speculate:" I've often wondered whether I might still be in Pittsburgh if I hadn't been fired and bad to take the plunge." He did. And with it came the fourth and by far the major stroke of luck: DeWitt Wallace's marriage in October 1921 to youthful, idealistic Lila Acheson, who shared his enthusiasm and confidence in his dream. Though Lila Wallace was to keep her social-service job the first year to produce the first issue in February 1922. The inspiration for the Reader's Digest came while Sergeant Wallace was recovering from shrapnel wounds in France. Reading dozens of magazines, he was impressed by the fact that certain articles had far more enduring appeal than others, and that the impact of most articles could be improved by vigorously condensing, focusing on essentials. It is a formula that remains the essence of The Digest today. The growth of the magazine's popularity was beyond DeWitt and Lila Wallace's dream:5,000 for the first issue, 50,000 in 1926, 228,000 in 1929. The first international edition appeared in Britain in 1938. In Asia, the Asia English edition was born in 1963, with the Chinese edition following two years later. DeWitt Wallace died in 1981; Lila Acheson Wallace three years later. Their memorial is the world's most widely read magazine today bought by more than 28 million people in 17 languages every month…each issue containing articles of enduring significance in condensed permanent booklet from. Text 3译文 德威特. 华莱士声称《读者文摘》的出现有四个幸运:第一个是他试图说服出版商对他的提供一份兼有娱乐性和建设性的阅读的主意感兴趣,但他们一点儿也不感兴趣。 第二是他在宾西法尼亚的彼斯特勃格工作时得到。一位对这份初出茅庐的杂志的原形有着深刻印象的工人劝说他靠邮政直销的方式发行这本刊物。这直接带来了第三次幸运。他的老板听说他涉及了一场经济冒险,就把他解雇了。后来,德威特. 华莱士经常这样思索:“如果当初没被解雇,我怀疑我是否还会在彼斯特勃格。” 的确如此。紧接着第四个也是最主要的幸运出现了。他于1921年与年轻的全力支持他的空想主义者里拉.艾克森结了。第一年里拉必须维持她那份社会服务的工作以便能在1922年2月出版第一期。 创办《读者文摘》的想法是华莱士在法国参战负伤后躺在病床上产生的。在仔细读了几期杂志后,他发现一个事实:与其他文章相比,某些文章更能持久地吸引人;通过不断缩写和侧重中心点,能提高大部分文章的影响力。其主要内容安排一起延续至今。 这份杂志的发行量由第一份的5000本增加到1926年的50000,再到1929年的228000,如此之大的增长率超出了华莱士和里拉的预期。第一个国际版本于1938年在英国面市。在亚洲,第一个英文版本于1963年诞生,两年后中国版本也出现了。 1981年华莱士去世了,三年后里拉也辞世了。他们留下的纪念物就是全世界最畅销的杂志,每个月有280万人用17种不同的语言阅读……每一份都包含很多蕴意深刻,形式精 练的短文。 56.One of Wallace's pieces of luck was that _______. 〖A〗His magazine could be sold everywhere 〖B〗His wife agreed to his plan 〖C〗He was hired by his boss 〖D〗Leading publishers were interested in his idea 答案:〖B〗 释疑:文中提到《读者文摘》的出现有四个幸运:第一个是华莱士本人谋略说服出版商对他的主意感兴趣,但没有成功;第二是他幸运地遇到了一位工人劝说他靠邮政直销的方式发行这本刊物;第三是他被老板解雇,这样他可全力投入;第四是他于1921年结婚,他的妻子全力支持他。所给的四个答案中只有〖B〗(他的妻子同意他的计划)与这四个幸运有关,因此本题选〖B〗。 57.The first issue of Reader's Digest came out in _______. 〖A〗1922 〖B〗1921 〖C〗1926 〖D〗1938 答案:〖A〗 释疑:第一期《读者文摘》出版于1922年因此答案〖B〗正确。〖C〗和〖D〗提到的时间是关于杂志发行的情况。 58.The idea of having a Reader's Digest came _______. 〖A〗after Wallace married Lila in New York 〖B〗when Wallace was working in East Pittsburgh 〖C〗when Wallace was fired by his boss 〖D〗when Wallace was in France 答案:〖D〗 释疑:创办《读者文摘》的想法是华莱士在法国参战负伤后躺在病床上仔细读了几期杂志后产生的,主要的内容安排一起延续至今。所以本题选〖D〗。 59.Reader's Digest first emerged as an international edition in _______. 〖A〗Asia 〖B〗Britain 〖C〗The United States 〖D〗France 答案:〖B〗 释疑:《读者文摘》的国际版首先出现于英国,所以本题〖B〗对。[A]亚洲版出现于1963年。 60.The best title for the article would be: Reader's Digest- _______. 〖A〗Dewitt Wallace's Dream 〖B〗Why It Is so Popular 〖C〗The Enduring Vision of a Young Couple 〖D〗The Magazine of Luck 答案:〖C〗 释疑:本文主要的时间顺序记述了华莱士夫妇对《读者文摘》的贡献。所以应选〖C〗。文章开始时提到创办杂志的四个幸运,但这只是创办杂志初期的工作,所以〖B〗不对。华莱士的梦想已经变为现实,[A]也是错的。《读者文摘》为什么这么流行并不是本文的重点,文章只是记述了这本杂志从创刊到现在的过程,因此[D]也不对。