Unit_4_Earthquakes

nullnullPeriod 1 Warming up and Pre-readingPeriod 2 ReadingPeriod 3 Language Points in Reading 1 Period 4 Language Points in Reading 2 Period 5 Discovering useful structuresPeriod 6 Using language Reading , Writing and SpeakingUnit 4 EarthquakesUnit 4 Earthquakes Period 1 Warming up and Pre-readingnullTangshanImagine there has been an earthquake. Describe what will happen to the objects in the photos.What happened?What happened?Tall buildings were destroyed.The car was smashed.What happened?What happened?Roads were cracked.What happened?What happened?People were injured.nullAn earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust. Earthquakes may result in disease, lack of basic necessities, loss of life, general property damage, road and bridge damage and sometimes landslides, fires, flood and even tsunamis.nullthe city after the earthquakethe city before the earthquakeThe city was in ruins.The city was in ruins.nullnull1906 earthquake in San Francisco Group workGroup workSan FranciscoSan Francisco Earthquakebuilding, roads, bridges null1976 earthquake in Tangshan New Tangshancracks, cut across houses, roads and canals, fall down, lie in ruins, destroyEarthquakesEarthquakesEarthquakes can damage buildings, bridges, dams, and other structures, as well as many natural features. Have you ever experienced an earthquakes? Can you describe what it was like?DiscussionDiscussionIf there is an earthquake coming right now and right here, what should we do to save ourselves? If you are sleeping in your bedroom, you should get up and ran out of the house with your family. If you are outside, you should keep away from power lines, trees, cars and buildings.null We should drop to the floor and cover our head and neck with our arms. We should hide under something like a table to protect ourselves from things falling on top of us.Task: Produce an earthquake planTask: Produce an earthquake planEarthquake Plan 1. run out of the house 2. hide under something like a table 3. drop to the floor, cover the head and neck with the arms. 4. Keep away from power lines, trees, cars and buildings. 5. …Task: Collect a personal earthquake bagTask: Collect a personal earthquake bag1. Image the room begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why? 2. You are to choose eight things to put into your personal earthquake bag. Make a list.Pre-readingDiscussionDiscussionWhat do you think may happen before an earthquake?nullPeriod 2 ReadingUnit 4 EarthquakesnullTangshan earthquakeA terrible earthquake shook Tangshan on the evening of July 28, 1976.Tangshan earthquakenullRead the passage and find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.ReadingA Night The Earth Didn’t SleepnullHow many parts can this passage be divided into? Three parts Do you know the main idea of each part?Part 1Paragragh1Part 2Paragraph 2.3Part 3Paragraph 4nullFast readingThe main idea of each part: time orderPart 1.（Para.1）Before the earthquakePart 2.(Para.2,3)During the earthquakePart 3.(Para.4)After the earthquakeSomething strange happened in Tangshan the destroy of the earthquake in Tangshan the rescue of TangshannullThe rescue of TangshanTrue or falseTrue or false1. People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didn’t go to bed that night. 2. People in Beijing also felt the earthquake. 3. More than 400,000people were killed during the earthquake. 4. Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock. 5. People tried to get fresh water from under the ground.FTFTFFill in the blanks signs before the earthquake Para.1Fill in the blanksStrangerosefellsmellynervouseatjumpedran3:00bright lightsFill in the blanksDamage caused by earthquakePara. 2-3Fill in the blanks3:42greatestSteamdirtBricksdamsuselesssteelSandelectricitynullData of the nation felt the earthquake . A huge crack that was kilometres long and metres wide cut across houses. In terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than . All of the city’s hospitals, _ of its factories and buildings and of its homes were gone.1/3830152/3400,00075%90%Para. 2-3Number each of these things during the Tangshan earthquake. Give a "1" to the first thing that happened and a "5" to the last thing that happened.Number each of these things during the Tangshan earthquake. Give a "1" to the first thing that happened and a "5" to the last thing that happened.n  ____ Brick buildings were destroyed. n  _____The walls of the village wells had cracks in them. n _____Shelters were put up for those with no homes. n______ Roads got huge cracks. n _____The army helped the survivors.12345nullSome other big earthquakes in the worldThe San Francisco earthquake in America in 1906.The Guangdao big earthquake in Japan in 1923.The big earthquake in Pakistan and India in 2005.Do you know why there are so many earthquakes in the world?The big earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province in 2008.nullPacific plateAmerican plateEurasian plate India plateAfrican plateAntarctic plateSan FrancisconullWhat shall we do if an earthquake happens?Discussion1. Get under a heavy table or desk and hold on, or sit or stand against an inside wall. 2. Keep away from windows. 3. If indoors, stay indoors. 4. If outdoors, stay outdoors away from falling debris, trees and power lines. 5. If in a car, stay in the car. 6. Many injuries occur when people act on their impulse to run. nullCan we stop earthquakes?We can’t stop earthquakes, but we can try to reduce the losses caused by earthquakes.What can we do after earthquakes?To build houses as strong as possible; To build houses on rock rather than on sand.Try to rescue people;Try to rebuild families;Try to forget sad experiences and live with strong belief.nullTangshan’s new lookFrom the reading passage, find the correct word or expression for each of the following meanings.From the reading passage, find the correct word or expression for each of the following meanings.__________ a thin metal piece that carries water __________ a special wall that keeps water behind it __________ worried or frightened __________ hurt __________ a deep place to store water to drink __________ a very long water way for boatspipedamshockedinjuredwellcanalnull__________ the part of a building left after the rest has been damaged _________________a lot of __________ finished; dead __________ put something under the earth __________ go up ________ help to get someone out of danger ________ gas that hot water gives out ruinsa great number of at an endburyriserescuesteamnullHomework Look for some earthquake information about Japan through the library, Internet or other resources. Find out why Japan often has earthquakes. What measures are taken by the Japanese government to prevent them? List more words or expressions to enrich the mind map of earthquake and increase the knowledge of this phenomenon.null Period 3 Language Points in Reading 1 Unit 4 Earthquakesnullnullnullnull 1.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. 假设你的家开始晃动,你必须立刻离开。Shake（shook , shaken) v.摇动, 摇, 颤抖, 震动 n.摇动, 摇, 颤抖, 震动翻译:服药前请摇动瓶子Please shake the bottle before taking the medicine.当火车经过时大地在剧烈地震动When the train passed by , the earth shook seriouslynull这个可怜的孩子正冻得发抖The poor child was shaking with cold.联想记忆: shake hands with sb. shake one’s head/nod one’s head shake sb. by the hand=shake one’s hand shake one’s fist at sb. right away=right now=at once=immediately 立刻;马上 We must be off right away/right now . It’s eight.nullWe must be off right away/right now . It’s eight . 请立刻把这篇文章打出来。Please type this article out right away/right now. right away不可用于进行时态, right now还相当于 at this very moment ; at present在此刻,此时,可用于 进行时态 他们正在录制唱片 They are making the record right now 翻译:他此刻正在写一本小说 He is writing a novel right now. 现在是暑假我在农场上帮助爸爸干活 Right now it is summer vocation and I’m helping my dad on the farm. null 2. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell . rose and fell.三天来,村子的水井中的水位 升升落落不停.rise (rose , risen) vi.升起, 起身, 高耸, 增长, 上升 n.上升, 增加, 上涨, 发生, 出现 Everyone knows that the sun rises in the east.He rose from his chair when the door bell rang.Prices continue to rise.nullraise [reiz]( raised, raising) vt. 抬高；举起 I will not raise a hand against you. 我不会做任何不利于你的事。 提高；增加 to raise salaries 提高工资他把手臂举过头顶。He raised his arms above his head.他们坚决要求提高工资They insisted on raising salaries.nullrise 与 raise 上升，提高 The price of tomatoes has _________(rise , raise) recently. The price of the tomatoes has been ____ (rise , raise) recently. He ____ (rise , raise) the child from the ground The child ____(rise , raise) from the ground.roseraisedraisedrosenull3. A smelly gas came out of the cracks.发臭的气体从裂缝中冒出来。smelly adj.有臭味的 e.g. The food was smelly.扩展: n + y构成形容词 blood---- mud---- sun----- cloud---- rain---- wind--- taste---- dream---- ice---- greed---- fat---- fog-----4. In the farmyards , the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.too…to… 太…以至于不能 (否定) null口头翻译: 李平的弟弟年纪太小而不能参军Li Ping’s brother is too young to join the army. =Li Ping’s brother is not old enough to join …. 听到这个消息他紧张地说不出话来. Hearing the good news,he was too nervous to speak. null“too…to…”结构之前带有only , but , never , not时， 是强调肯定的表示法，译作“非常……” “十分…” “实在……” “真是太……”等。I am only too happy to teach you.我非常高兴教你们。He is but too glad to do so他非常喜欢这样做You can never be too old to enjoy a song.我们绝对不会老得不能获得歌曲带来的欢乐nullToo…to.. 结构中带有表示心情或描绘性的adj./adv. E.g. ready , eager , satisfied , kind , willing , anxious etc.She is too ready to help other.他乐于助人。I am too eager to have a world trip.我很想去环球旅行null修饰单数名词 too + adj. + a + n. I think she’s too kind a girl to refuse.扩展:null5. In the city , the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在城市里,有些建筑物里的水管 出现裂缝或者破裂. crack vi. 使开裂,破裂, e.g. The ice cracked as I stepped onto it. 玻璃制成的瓶子当从桌子摔落到地上时容易破碎。The bottles made of glass easily crack when they fell into the ground from the table. null n. 裂缝,裂纹 翻译:今天别去滑冰了-----冰上有危险的裂缝.Don’t go skating today---there are dangerous cracks in the ice.镜子破裂了The mirror cracked.墙上有个裂缝There is a crack in the wallcracknull爆炸；胀裂； 突然而起；闯入burst (burst , burst ; bursting)The balloon burst suddenly.气球突然爆炸了水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。Water-pipes often burst in cold weather.(水库,堤坝等)决口河水冲毁了堤岸，淹没了村子The river burst its banks and flooded the town. null If you get much fatter you will burst your clothes.扩展: burst into + n. 突然…. burst into tears burst into song burst into leaf burs into flower 她突然闯进门。She burst into the door.突然哭起来突然唱起来长出叶子开花nullburst out + v - ing : suddenly begin doing something burst out crying burst out laughing burst out singing 突然哭起来突然笑起来突然唱起来burst into the room 闯入房间 a burst of applause/anger/tears 一阵…..null6.It seemed that the world was at an end. 似乎世界末日来临 at an end 结束;终结 The war was at an end.区分: at the end of ; by the end of ; in the end.There is a big bookstore ____________ this road. There is a pretty bird singing __________the tree. How many English words had you learned ____________ last term. He will be a scientist __________. My father will return home __________ this year.at the end ofat the end of by the end of in the end at the end ofnullbring/put ….to an end 使终止 come to an end. 结束 end up with 以….而告终 at the end (of ) :在……末尾，指时间和空间 by the end of :到……末为止 in the end : 最后，最终，不与of 连用其他词组：null7.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins 在可怕的十五秒钟内,一座大城市变为废墟.ruin n.废墟( c n. ),毁灭( u n. ) Vt. 使毁灭 in ruins 荒芜的,成为废墟,一般用作表语战争给这个国家带来了毁灭The war brought ruin to the country.Our plan is in ruins我们的泡汤了暴风雨摧毁了农作物The storm ruined the crops.null 那建筑物已断壁残垣 如果你继续这样愚蠢下去,你将自毁前程You will ruin your prospects if you continue to be so foolish.The building is in ruinsnullThe city in ruinsnullHomeworkRemember these language points and use them freelynull Period 4 Language Points in Reading 2 Unit 4 EarthquakesnullThe person in the earthquakesnull1.Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. 三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤。 injure v t.损害,受伤 adj. injured 受伤的,受委屈的He can't play today because he's injured his knee. 因为伤了膝盖，他今天不能比赛。Among the dead and injured , there were six children. 死伤的人中，有六名儿童。 null辨析:hurt ,injure ,wound hurt受伤的一般用语,常指心灵的伤害,也可指身体的受伤或疼痛. wound指战场上的刀伤或枪伤 damage 指对物体的破坏或损坏 injure 一般指由于意外或事故而受伤,也可以表示“损害名誉,伤害感情等” null His words ______her feelings. It ______the eyes to read in the sun. More than 200 people were _________in the car accident. The soldiers were __________-in the battle. hurthurtsinjuredwoundednull2. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400 000. 伤亡的人数达到400 000.He sent his son to join the army as soon as he reached 18. Your letter of August 24 only reached me today. We’ve got to reach an agreement about this question. The boy wasn’t tall enough to reach the branches. The park reaches as far as the river.达到(指某种数目)抵达,传到达成()得出(结论)伸手够到(某物)vi.延伸null3. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看,哪里一切都几乎被 毁坏了. everywhere=wherever =no matter where 在这里做连词用,引导状语从句.如: Everywhere he appeared, he was popular.无论他出现在哪里，他都是受欢的无论他去哪，他的狗都跟着他。Everywhere he goes , his dogs follows him. nulleverywhere adv . 到处，处处我们到处找你。We have looked everywhere for you.到处是深谷 Everywhere are deep valleys.nullthe buildings in the earthquakesnullnullnull4.Tens of thousands of cows never give milk again 数以万计的奶牛再也不产奶了tens of thousands of 数以万计的 hundreds and hundreds of 成百上千的 hundreds of thousands 数以十万计的 thousands of 数千计的 millions of 数百万计的 scores of 许许多多的 dozens of 许多，大量null12. People were shocked. 人们感到震惊. .I was shocked at the news of her death.He was shocked to know he had been cheatedLiuxiang shocked the whole world (2) n. 打击,震惊,休克 The shock of the failure in the exam made her ill.It gave me quite a shock to learn that he had married again. The patient went into another shock.shock v t .& n. (1)vt. Cause a shock to s b .使某人吃惊,使愤慨null13. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. 有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟中rescue v t. 援救;营救 rescue s b . from s b./sth.救出一孩子免于溺毙rescue a child from drowning解放军战士从即将倒塌的房子中救出了那位老太太。The PLA man rescued the old lady from the falling house. n. 援救, 营救a rescue team; a rescue mission. 救援队；营救任务nulltrap ( trapped , trapped ) n.陷阱，圈套 v t. 使受限制(困)于;诱骗The car was trapped in the deep snow. null15.people began to wonder how long the disaster would last. 人们开始困惑这灾难要持续多久disaster (c.n.)灾难,灾祸,灾害 adj. disastrous adv. disastrouslynull16. The army organized teams to dig out those who are trapped and to bury the dead. 军队组成救援队挖掘那些受困的人们并埋葬死者。 nullbury v t. (1)place (a dead body) in the ground埋葬 e.g. He was buried with his wife. (2)hide 掩埋 隐藏, Our dog buries its bones in the garden. She buried her face in her hands and wept. 她双手掩面哭了起来. (3)短语:bury oneself in the country 隐居乡间 bury oneself in sth. 埋头于某事物,专心致志于某事 be buried in thoughts/memories of the past 沉思/回忆往事nulldig out 掘出;发现 e.g.: 他把狐狸从洞中掘出来了，He dug out the fox from the hole. Or: He dug out the fox out of the hole to dig information out of books 从书本挖掘知识 to dig out truth 寻求真理null17.To the north of the city , most of the 10 000 miners were rescued from the coal mines. 在城市的北部,一万矿工中的大多数从矿井中被救出。方位介词in , to与on in表示“在其中”,在境内; to表示“向”的意思,在境外 on 表示与境界相接.Japan lies ____ the east of Asia. Japan lies ____ the east of China. Fujian lies ______the northeast of Guangdong. intoon 18.Fresh water was taken to the city by train……fresh adj.新鲜的, 无经验的, 生的,(水)淡的 fresh water------------salt water fresh fruit/air/vegetables a fresh hand(新手,初学者) freshman----sophomore----junior----senior null Homework Remember these language points and use them freely.null Period 5 Discovering useful structuresUnit 4 EarthquakesnullRestrictive Attributive Clauses & Non- restrictive Attributive Clauses null1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that nigh. 2. It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away. 3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. 4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 5. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 6. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.nullRestrictive Attributive Clause Look at the following sentences and try to understand the meaning of them. 1.The man who robbed him has been arrested. 2.The girl whom I saw told me to come back again today. 3.That’s the best hotel ( that ) I know. 4.These are the books ( which ) you ordered. 5.The friend with whom I was traveling spoke French. 6.At the time when I saw him, he was quite strong. 7. This is the village where I was born. null 8. These are the reason why we do it. 9. Have you got the postcard (which) I sent you? 10.These are the things (that) you need. 11. Anything I can do for you? 12. All you have to do is to fill out this form. 13. That’s the only thing we can do now. 14. You can take any room you like. Is there anything that I can do for you?nullNon- restrictive Attributive Clauses Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested stopping at the next town. 2. This house, for which he paid $ 150,000, is now worth $ 300,000 3. They went to the theatre, where they saw Hero. 4. Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work. 5. His house, whose windows were all broken, was a depressing sight 6. It was an island, whose name I have forgotten..nullthe handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughtyboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is handsome is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is TomThe boy who is naughty is Tom.nullThe woman got the job. The woman can speak Russian.The woman who can speak Russian got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. The teacher is famous.The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.nullThe lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady.The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot. Do you know the man? You will visit him today.Do you know the man (whom )you will visit today?The lady with whom he was dancing stepped on his foot.null关系代词: 1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.nullapplethe red the green the small the bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is small.The apple which is green is big.  Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers.  Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers.Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night.Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night.Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night? null3. which 指