祈使句、感叹句、反义疑问句

祈使句、感叹句、反义疑问句 祈使句、感叹句、反义疑问句 祈使句 肯定句用动词原形，否定用Don't / Never +动词原形。 Be quite , please! Never be afraid of it! 点津 ：祈使句的其他否定形式： ①否定不定式 Be sure not to be late. ②no + 动名词构成简短否定祈使句 No smoking ! No talking! ③直接用含有否定意义的动词 Leave it alone! let 祈使句 let的宾语可以是me,us ,him,her,it,them或名词，但不能是you。 Let me give you a clean towel. Let's not open the window! 祈使句的常见句型 ①祈使句+and+陈述句 Work harder and you'll make more progress. ②祈使句+or / otherwise +陈述句 One more step , and i'd beat you flat. 带主语的祈使句 ①示强调、对比或表示说话人发怒、生气等感情时，需要保留主语。其谓语动词仍用动词原形，不受主语人称限制。 You go away! John, stand and the rest of you sit down. ②强调主语或上级对下级、长者对年轻人或小孩讲话时。 John , come along with me! ③someone ,somebody ,everybody, everyone,anybody等也可作祈使句的主语。 Everybody shut up! 物动词祈使句 一般来讲，祈使句都需要动词，但是有些用于口号、告示等的祈使句都是没有动词的。 Patience! Bottoms up! 感叹句 1. what 引导的感叹句 ①What a / an +形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！ What a clever boy he is! ②What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！ What fine weather we are having today! ③What +形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语！ What beautiful flowers these are! 2 . how 引导的感叹句 ①How +形容词/ 副词+主语+谓语！ How fast he is running! ②How +形容词/ 副词+a / an +单数可数名词+主语+谓语！ How difficult a problem it is! ③How +主语+谓语！ How times flies! 没有感叹词的感叹句 Good heavens! 反义疑问句的几种特殊形式 陈述部分以there开头的句子，疑问部分也用there；陈述部分是there used to ...形式时，疑问词部分用usedn't there或didn't there。 There is a radio on the table ,isn't there? 如果陈述部分含有no,never,hardly,seldom,few,little,nowhere,nothing等否定或半否定词，疑问部分用肯定形式；如果陈述句谓语部分出现否定词缀时（前缀与后缀），疑问部分仍用否定结构。 There is little water in the bottle, is there? You dislike English , don't you? 陈述部分主语是someone ,somebody ,everybody, everyone,anybody,no one等不定代词时，其疑问部分的主语可根据句子的内涵选用he 或they；陈述部分主语是something ,anything,nothing等不定代词时，其疑问部分的主语一般用It。 No one was injured in the accident,weren't they? 陈述部分含有must的反义疑问句的情况 当must做必须讲时，其反义疑问部分用needn't ; 当句子含有mustn't 意为“不允许，禁止”时，其反义疑问句部分用must。 You must go now, needn't you? 当must表示推测，表示“一定，准是”讲时，反义疑问部分的动词形式根据must后面的动词形式确定。 You must be hungry now,aren't you? 5. 陈述部分为含有宾语从句的主从复合句时，通常要对主句主语进行反问