Unit-4-The-Uncanny-and-FearPPT优秀课件

Unit4TheUncannyandFearHectorHughMunro(1870-1916)AwittyBritishauthorwhopublishedunderthepennameSAKIorH.H.Munro.Theinspirationforthepenname"Saki"isunknown,itmaybebaseduponacharacterinapoemoronaSouthAmericanmonkey.GivenMunro'sintellect,wit,andmischeviousnatureit'spossibleitwasbasedonbothsimultaneously.Asawriter,Munro(Saki)wasamasteroftheshortstoryandisoftencomparedtoO.HenryandDorothyParker.MunrowasborninAkyab,Burma(nowknownasMyanmar)in1870.In1872whileshewasonatriptoEngland,hismotherMarywaschargedbyacow.Shesufferedamiscarriage,neverrecovered,anddiedin1872whenMunrowasonly2yearsold.Afterherdeath,theMunrochildrenweresentfromBurmabacktoEnglandwheretheylivedwiththeirgrandmotherandauntsinastrictpuritanicalhousehold.Inhisearlycareer,MunrobecameapoliceofficerinIndiaandwaspostedtoBurmawherehecontractedmalariabeforereturningtoEnglandin1895.HectorHughMunroWhenthewarbrokeout,MunrorefusedacommissionandjoinedtheBritisharmedforcesasaregulartrooperwherehewascertaintoseebattle.HewaskilledinactionbyaGermansniper.Hislastwordswerereportedas,"Putthatbloodycigaretteout!"Murnonevermarriedandmayhavebeengay,buthomosexualitywasacrimeinBritainduringMunro'slifetimeandthedecorumofthetimeswouldhaverequiredhimtokeepthatpartofhislifesecretedaway.MunrohadapenchantformockingthepopularcustomsandmannersofEdwardianEngland.Heoftendidsobydepictingcharactersinasettingandmannerthatwouldcontrasttheirbehaviorwiththatofthenaturalworld;oftendemonstratingthatthesimpleandstraightforwardrulesofnaturewouldalwaystrumpthevanitiesofmen.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SakiEdwardianEnglandEdwardVII(AlbertEdward;9November1841 –6May1910)爱德华七世，英国国王（1901年-1910年在位），维多利亚女王和阿尔伯特亲王之子，曾在牛津与剑桥大学就读。女王１９０１年驾崩后爱德华继位为王，在位期间大力恢复因女王长期孀居而显得黯淡的英国君主之光荣。在维多利亚女王逝世之前，爱德华就已经促进了英国、法国、俄国三国协约的初步形成。继位之后英、法、俄三国协约的局面形成，通过这个协约，英国稳定了它在欧洲大陆的地位。但这个同盟的形成最终导致了第一次世界大战的爆发，因此有些人把一战的爆发归咎于爱德华七世。EdwardianEngland爱德华七世年轻时基本没参加过国务，所以缺乏处理国事的经验。但爱德华七世喜欢交际，为人和蔼可亲，极受英国人民的欢迎。尽管国王死后四年就爆发了毁灭英国的第一次世界大战，但在爱德华时代，英国还是维持了和平、繁荣、歌舞升平的面貌，因此，当时的英国流行一句谚语“如果你不想发生战争，就要有爱德华这样的一位好国王”。爱德华七世所在的时代，是华丽的时代。靠着维多利亚时代积累的鼎盛国力和巨大财富，他开创了奢华、浮躁、享乐的统治风格，史称“爱德华十年”。他同时也是20世纪英王朝的建立者，一个享乐主义的君王，一个文明的世界主义者。EdwardianEngland爱德华七世时期的大英帝国非常富强，英国商船纵横世界各地。不过，英国工业开始比不上其他国家。1890年，美国制造的产品已经比英国多。到了1904年，德国的制造业也赶上英国。英国的首批汽车是由德国、法国和美国制造的。1909年，首次有飞机横越英吉利海峡。船只陆续使用无线电或电报。电影院开始在英国出现，但剧院和音乐厅仍是广受欢迎的娱乐场所。彼时富人的府邸又大又舒适，可能雇佣六七个家仆做饭、打扫和照顾小孩。中产阶级的家庭安装了电话和电灯。但穷人赚取的工资很微薄，他们大都居住在市中心的贫民区，居住环境恶劣。贫富悬殊的情况非常严重。EdwardianEngland因此，爱德华七世时期的大英帝国盛极一时，有钱的上层阶级享有丰富的物质生活，他们自信心高度膨胀，却无法预见到当时欧洲大陆政治局势的发展，以及包括英国在内的各方力量达成的军事协约，在不久的将来会导致第一次世界大战的爆发，这场突如其来的战争最终毁掉了这些上层阶级的人们舒适的生活。WordsandExpressions--ForewordUncannyadj.神秘的;怪异的;可怕的;危险的IhadthisuncannyfeelingthatAlicewaswarningme.我有一种奇怪的感觉：艾丽斯是在警告我。It'suncannyhowmuchyouandElizabethlooklikesisters.奇怪的是你和伊丽莎白看上去真像姐妹。WordsandExpressions--ForewordDisruptiveadj.破坏的;分裂性的;扰乱的Alcoholcanproduceviolent,disruptivebehavior酒精会引发暴力和破坏性行为。Ifastudentisdisruptiveduringclass,Iassignhimtodetention,withoutfurtherdiscussion.如学生于上课中扰乱，我就迳行留置，没有商量的馀地。Cf.disrupt,disruptionWordsandExpressions--ForewordNormn.规范;标准;准则;Deviationfromthenormisnottolerated.不能容忍离经叛道行为。Butthat'sthenormthesedays.但是现在是很平常的事了。如果欺骗成为了常态，那我们就麻烦大了。Ifcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.Cf.normal,abnormal,normalize,normailityWordsandExpressions--ForewordGothic[‘ɡɑ:θɪk]哥特式的;哥特式（建筑、字体）哥特（Goths）一词最初来自于条顿民族中哥特部落的名称，中世纪时期“哥特”一词演变为野蛮、恐怖、神秘和黑暗的代名词。后来又被用来指称一种中世纪建筑风格，这种风格多用于教堂和古堡，其特点是拥有高耸的尖顶、厚重的石壁、幽暗的内部和阴森的地道等。哥特式文学是西方通俗文学的一中，以恐怖、超自然、死亡、颓废、巫术、古堡、深渊、黑夜、诅咒、吸血鬼等为标志性元素，偏爱黑暗凄凉的场景，18世纪中后期作为小说体裁而逐渐定型。哥特小说不像一般浪漫主义那样从正面描绘理想的社会、政治和道德观念，而是通过揭示社会的邪恶和人性的阴暗面来深入探索。https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%93%A5%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4/2346298?fr=aladdin&fromid=10362098&fromtitle=%E5%93%A5%E7%89%B9%E5%BC%8F%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%WordsandExpressions—Para1Prsentlyad.目前;不久;马上InbothBrEandAmE,presentlycanmean“soon”or“afterashorttime”.Iwillbewithyoupresently.我一会儿就来ButInAmEtheusualmeaningofpresentlyis“atthepresenttime”or“now”.SheispresentlylivinginMilanThereispresentlynocureforthedisease.ThisuseisbecomingmoreacceptedinBrE,butstillatpresentorcurrentlyaremorecommonlyusednow.WordsandExpressions—Para1,2Self-possessedadj.冷静的；沉着的；Sheisclearlythemostarticulateandself-possessedmemberofherfamily.显然，她是全家口才最好、最沉着冷静的人。Endeavourv./n.努力，竭力Theyareendeavouringtoprotecttradeunionrights.他们在竭力捍卫工会的权利Hisfirstendeavoursinthefieldwereweddingfilms.他初涉这个领域时做的是婚礼摄影。WordsandExpressions—Para2Dulyad.及时,按时;适当地;充分地Thebushasdulyarrived.汽车按时到了Later,hewastoomuchevilandbeendulypunished.后来，他因作恶太多而得到了应有的惩罚。Cf.undulyadv.不适当地;不相称地;过分地;过度地;WordsandExpressions—Para2Flatterv.奉承，讨好YourEnglishisimpressive.Iamsoflattered,thankyou!Discountv.认为…不重要，低估；打折Weshallnotdiscountthepossibilityofmorestrikes.Thesenewsreportswerediscountedasmerepropaganda.Asuccessionof一连串的美好的假期被一连几天的阴雨天气毁了。他的职业生涯受到了一连串的意外伤病的影响。WordsandExpressions—Para2Nerven.神经Hisgroaningandmoaningreallygotonmynerves.Thehustleandbustleofthedowntowngotonhisnervesandhestartedconsideringmigration.Getonone’snerves=irritate,annoy,exasperateParaphrase---Para2FramtonNuttelendeavouredtosaythecorrectsomethingwhichshoulddulyflatterthenieceofthemomentwithoutundulydiscountingtheauntthatwastocome.WordsandExpressions—Para3Migratev.迁移，移居Cf.immigrate,emigrateretreatn.隐居地;静养所Souln.(用于否定句中)一个人(也没有)I'veneverharmedasoulinmylife...我这一生从未伤害过任何人。There was not a soul there. 那里一个人也没有。WordsandExpressions—Para3Mopevi.闷闷不乐；<贬>忧郁地闲荡Doyouplantositandmopeallday?你打算一整天都闷坐着吗？I'dcryandmopeandlockmyselfinmyroom.我会落泪、意志消沉，把自己锁在房间里。Paraphrase---Para4FramtonwonderedwhetherMrs.Sappleton,theladytowhomhewaspresentingoneofthelettersofintroduction,cameintothenicedivision.Framtonwasnotsureifthewomanhewasgoingtomeetunderhissister’sreferencewasthetypeofpersoneasytogetalongwith.WordsandExpressions—Para5,6Communionn.交流,恳谈;圣餐Therefore, communion is the basis of trust. 因此，交流是信任的基础Rectoryn.神父的住宅Understandingthetext---Para7“Hemadethelaststatementinatoneofdistinctregret.”WhydidMrNuttelshowatoneofdistinctregretinregardtothevisitshewassupposedtopay?WordsandExpressions—Para9Masculinevsfeminehabitationn.居住The house was not fit for human habitation. 这房子不适合住人。Cf.Inhabit,habitant,They inhabit the tropical forests. 他们居住在热带森林中。Paraphrase---Para9Anundefinablesomethingabouttheroomseemedtosuggestmasculinehabitation.Eventhoughitisnotveryobvious,evidencescanstillbevaguelydetectedintheroomthatthereshouldbeamalefamilymemberlivinginthehouse.WordsandExpressions—Para11outofplace不合适;不恰当;不协调;Ifeltoutofplaceinmysuitandtie我穿着西服、打着领带感觉十分别扭。Heruseofthewordhatesoundedstrangeandoutofplace.她用憎恨一词听起来怪怪的，不合时宜。WordsandExpressions—Para12Frenchwindow落地窗Pardon/ExcusemyFrench原谅我的粗俗/口出秽言Spanishcastle空中楼阁，不切实际Spanishathlete胡说八道的人，爱吹牛的人Italianhand暗中干预，幕后操纵GreekmeetGreek棋逢对手，不相上下Irishbull自相矛盾，荒唐可笑的说法Dutchcourage酒后之勇Greekgift图谋害人的礼物WordsandExpressions—Para14toaday一天也不差；恰好；整整Itisnowfiveyearstoaday.正好五年。moor[mʊr]n.沼泽;荒野,旷野;停泊,抛锚snipen./v.狙击；鹬，沙锥鸟;Cf.sniperWordsandExpressions—Para14Goofffor出发去Hewentoffforaholidaywithhiswife.Cf.Shewentoffwiththegardener'sson.Thealarmsuddenlywentoff.Theplanwentoffwell.TheBombwassettogooffinthreehours.WordsandExpressions—Para14engulfv.吞没;吞食;包住;狼吞虎咽Theflatisengulfedinflames.那套公寓被火焰吞噬。Aseven-year-oldboywasfounddeadafteralandslideengulfedablockofflats山体滑坡掩埋了一栋公寓楼，造成一名7岁男孩丧生。WordsandExpressions—Para14treacherousa.骗人的;不忠的;不可信的Thecurrentoftheriverisfastflowingandtreacherous这条河水流湍急，变幻莫测。Astormhasmaderoadstreacherousandknockedoutpower.一场暴风雨致使公路隐患重重且电力瘫痪。bogn.沼泽,泥塘;WordsandExpressions—Para14giveway让路;退让;撤退;垮掉Heshouldgivewaytoayounger,moredecisiveleader.他应该让位于更年轻、更有决断力的领导者。Thelasthousesgivewaytosoybeanfields.最后一批房子也被拆掉用作了大豆地。Decayingforcesgivewaytonewrisingforces.腐朽的势力让位于新生的势力WordsandExpressions—Para14falteringlyad.口吃地,支吾地falter指说话的声音颤抖,支支吾吾cf.stutterspanieln.西班牙猎狗boundv.跳，弹跳ThedogcameboundingbackwiththestickforRichardtothrowagain.狗蹦跳着叼回木棍，交给理查德让他再扔出去。Theeconomyisn'tboundingbackasfastaspeopleexpected.经济并未像人们期望的那样迅速复苏。Paraphrase---Para14Herethechild’svoicelostitsself-possessednoteandbecamefalteringlyhuman.Verawasnolongerascalmandsoberasshewasatthebeginningoftheconversation.Nowhervoicewastremblingasifshewasfrightenedwithhorror.WordsandExpressions—Para14,15creepya.令人毛骨悚然的;令人不寒而栗的;Butyouthoughthewascreepy.但你觉得他让人毛骨悚然。Onhearingthesnakehiss,Ifeltcreepy.breakoff突然中止；突然停顿Wewerediscussingourplans,buthadtobreakoffwhenthetelephonerang.我们在讨论计划时电话铃响了，我们只好停止讨论。Stevebrokeoffinmid-sentence斯蒂夫一句话说了一半突然停下来。WordsandExpressions—Para15shudderv.战栗;发抖;颤动;震动shake,tremble,shiver,quiver,vibrate,shudder这些动词均含“震动，颤抖”之意。shake:最普通用词，含义广。指人或物不自主地颤动、摇摆，常侧重剧烈和无规律。tremble:指由于寒冷、虚弱、愤怒或恐惧等而发抖、战栗。shiver:指因寒冷或情绪突变而出现的短时间的轻微和快速的颤抖。quiver:多用于指事物。指物体像乐器的弦一般地轻微而急速地颤动。vibrate:指急速地连续震动，也指钟摆等的来回摆动。shudder:着重指由于恐惧、震惊等而引起的全身突然而强烈地战栗。WordsandExpressions—Para15Makeanappearance=showupCompleteExercise2ofWordsandPhrasesonPage80.Makeadeal,makesense,makeamessmakeamends,makeaneffort,makeasceneWordsandExpressions—Para15Awhirlof一连串的,一股,一阵…Therewasawhirlofdustontheroad.马路上尘土飞扬Inawhirloftransactions,hiscompanyexpandedbusinesstotheMiddleEastandEurope.在一连串的交易中，公司把业务扩展到了中东Juliafeltawhirlofwindblowherhairup.朱莉娅感觉一股风猛地卷起了她的头发WordsandExpressions—Para18Brisklyad.轻快地;迅速地;活泼地;伶俐地Hewalkedbrisklydownthestreet.他脚步轻快地沿街走去。Ican'thelpyou,"shebrisklyreplied,barelyslowingdown.“我帮不了你”几乎没放慢脚步,她迅速地回答。Marshn.沼泽，湿地OutlawsoftheMarshcf.Swamp,moor,bog,moorlandWordsandExpressions—Para19Rattlev.嘎嘎响;喋喋不休;急促地谈讲n.嘎嘎声；拔浪鼓SheslamsthekitchendoorsohardIheardishesrattle.Herattledonabouthisjob,notnoticinghowboredshewas.RattlesnakeWordsandExpressions—Para19Prospectn.前景，展望，希望-spect,-spec,-spic看Retrospect,introspect,inspect,respect,aspect,suspect,expect,spectator,spectacles,perspectiveWordsandExpressions—Para19Ghastly[‘ɡæstli]a./ad.可怕的;可怕地;恐怖地Afragmentof=afractionof一小部分strayv.走失;偏离正题;走入歧途Becarefulnottostrayfromtherightpathofduty.注意不要偏离应尽职责的正道。Don'tstrayfromthepointtoomuch.别离题太远!Cf.Straydog,straybullet,straytaxis(偶尔的)WordsandExpressions—Para20Delusionn.妄想;错觉;欺骗;谬见Sheissufferingfromthedelusionthathewillmarryher.Labourunderthedelusion,illusion,misapprehensiontowronglybelievethatsomethingistrue痴心妄想AtthetimeIwasstilllabouringunderthedelusionthattheprojectmightbeasuccessHelaboursunderthedelusionthathe'safineactor.他有个错觉，以为自己是个好演员。WordsandExpressions—Para20Chanceacquaintances一面之交的朋友Ailmentn.疾病（尤指微恙）;不安Infirmityn.虚弱;(复数)体弱;生病;Inspiteofhisageandinfirmity,hestillwritesplaysandnovels.年迈体衰的他仍然坚持创作剧本和小说。WordsandExpressions—Para23Dazev.使茫然;使（某人）惊奇与迷惑Theblowontheheaddazedhimforamoment.Cf.Ilefttheranchinadaze.我茫然地离开了牧场Atone’sheels紧随Hoarsea.嘶哑的，沙哑的Graveln.n.砾石;沙砾，碎石Head-longa.头向前的；匆促而用力的(P80)WordsandExpressions—Para25-26Hedgen.树篱Imminenta.即将来临的Collisionn.碰撞Mackintoshn.雨衣,防水斗篷;防水胶布Boltout急逃;把…关在外面Isawamanboltoutofourbackyard.我看到一个男人从我们家的后院窜出去.Cf.Thewholethingwasaboltoutoftheblue.WordsandExpressions—Para27-28Dashoff匆忙离开;匆忙写/画好…Hedashedofftoameetingafterschool.Dashoffashortstory匆匆写出一篇短篇小说Pariahdog[pəˈraɪə]家狗，土狗Snarlv.混乱;缠结;（指狗）吠，嗥叫，（人）咆哮Foamv.起泡沫;吐白沫WordsandExpressions—Para29loseone'snervev.不知所措，慌张Atshortnotice立即，仓促Can you be ready at short notice? 你能一接到通知马上就准备好吗？He found it difficult to got a hotel room at short notice. 要在这么短的时间里找到一个房间，对他来说也太难了Paraphrase---Para29Romanceatshortnoticewasherspecialty.Shewasgoodatmakingupimprobablestoriesveryquickly.Romance:made-upstoriesofawildorimprobablenature.Eg.Thestoryhetoldwascompleteromance.他说的那件事纯属虚构