nullnull 名词null 一.名词的数
1.可数名词单数
2.可数名词复数
3.不可数名词
二. 名词所有格
1.
示有生命的名词所有格
2.表示无生命的名词所有格
3.双重所有格
一.可数名词单数一.可数名词单数1.可数名词单数前要加定冠词the,不定冠词a/an,或one, my, his 等,不可单独使用。
我的电脑
my computer
一张桌子
a desk
一个苹果
an apple
( a 加在以辅音因素开头的名词前。an 加在以元音因素开头的名词前。 )
2.可数名词复数2.可数名词复数1. 可数名词复数构成规则变化
(1)一般情况下,在词尾加s。 e.g.book--books,pencil--pencils, cup-cups 以轻辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为/s/,以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为/z/。 在/p//t/k//f/等清辅音后→/s/:cups,books,photographs. /b//d//g//v/等浊辅音后→/z/:bags,labs.
nullb.以 s,x,sh,ch 结尾的词在词尾加-es
bus-buses dish-dishes
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·box-boxes ·watch-watchesnull
1. Can you see nine ____ on the table? A. dishes B. book C. horse
2. The _____ has two______. A. boy; watch
B. boy; watches
C. boys; watch
ABnull
c. 以f, fe 结尾的词,先将f 或fe 变为v, 再在词尾加-es
·thief –thieves ·leaf-leaves
·half- halves ·knife-knives
d. 以辅音字母+y 结尾的词,改y为i, 再在词尾加-es
·city-cities country-countriesnull
e. 部分以辅音字母+o 结尾的名词,在词尾加-es
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注意:photo-photos ·radio-radios
null 练习
1. How many (牙齿)does the baby have?
2.There are many (leaf) on the ground.
3.Amy has two different (watch).
4. Among all of the (city), I like Guangzhou best.
5. I can see two (computer)on the desk.
teethleavescomputerscitieswatches可数名词复数构成不规则变化可数名词复数构成不规则变化1.单复数同形
·fish- fish
·sheep-sheep
·deer-deer
null2. 表示某国人的名词复数形式因习惯不同而不同
1)词尾加-s
German- Germans
Indian- Indians
2) 单复同形
Chinese-Chinese
Japanese-Japanese
null1. The _____ are flying back to their country. A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans
2. The girl brushes her _____ every day before he goes to bed. A. tooths B. teeth C. teethsBCnull
3) 将单数名词词尾-man中的a改为字母e
Englishman-Englishmen
Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen
4)有些名词只有复数
·trousers 裤子 · pants 短裤
·clothes 衣服 · glasses 眼镜
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5) 把复合名词的两个词都变成复数
男医生 a man doctor- two men doctors
女老师 a woman teacher- three women teachers
6)其它
·foot-feet · goose-geese
·mouse-mice · child-children
练习练习1. ─Are there any ________ on the farm?
─Yes, there are some.
A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep
2. A cat has four ____ , doesn't it? A. foots B. feet C. feets
3. There are three ____ and five _____ in the room. A. American, Japanese
B. Americans, Japanese
C. American, Janpaneses
DBB不可数名词不可数名词1.不可数名词一般没有复数形式,但是可以用一些量词来表示不可数名词的数量。 (1)表不定数量时,一般用much,(a)1ittle,a lot of/lots of,some,any等词修饰。 eg.much money, a little bread,a lot of ice cream,some juice
null (2)表确定数量时 eg.a bottle of milk;a glass of water, a can of beer, a piece of paper two bottles of milk,two pieces of paper, two glasses of water.
注意:表示可数名词的数量。 eg.a box of oranges,two bags of books,a room of students.null1. ─ They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ?
─ Certainly.
A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of water
C. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters
2. ─ It's dangerous here. We'd better go out quickly.
─ But I think we should let _______ go out first.
A. woman and children B. women and child
C. woman and child D. women and childrenDBnull
3. You can find three _____ on the desk.
A. bag of rice B. bags of rice
C. bag of rices D. bags of rices
4. The school has many ________.
A. woman teachers B. women teacher
C. woman teacher D. women teachers
DB名词所有格名词所有格表示有生命的事物名词用’s结构表示所有关系
1.’s所有格的构成
1)一般情况下不以s结尾的单数名词加's
·the student’s book 那个学生的书
2)以s结尾单数名词后加’
·my parents’ hope 我父母的希望
·Teachers’ Day 教师节
思考:那些学生的书
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2.’s所有格的读音
a. ’s 在轻辅音后读[s]
Mike’s present 迈克的礼物
b. ’s在浊辅音后读[z]
father’s newspaper 父亲的报纸
the clerk’s office 文员的办公室
null3. ’s所有格的用法
a. 两人或多人共有一样东西时,只需要在最后一个人的名字后加’s,若表示各自所有,则需要在每个名字后加’s
·John and Mike’s father (同一个爸爸)
·John’s and Mike’s fathers(两个不同的爸爸)
1. The woman over there is ______ mother.
A. Julia and Shelley’s
B. Julia’s and Shelley’s
C. Julia and Shelley
D. Julia’s and Shelley
Anull
b.但也可用于表示时间,距离,国家,地点,自然现象,拟人等无生命的名词,也可以加’s构成所有格
·two hours’ walk 两个小时的徒步路程
·Japan’s problem 日本的问
null1. Today is September 10th. It’s_____ Day. Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teachers.
A. Teacher B. Teachers’
C. the Teachers’ D. Teacher’s
2. The school is far away from his home. It’s ___walk.
A. a four hour B. a four hour’s
C. a four-hours D. a four hours’
BDnull
c. 表示店铺,医院,学校,住宅及公共建筑等地点,名词所有格后常常省略它所修饰的名词。
·at the Greens’ (home) 在格林家
·at the tailor’s (shop) 在裁缝店
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d.有时为了避免重复,如果一个被名词所有格修饰的词在上文中已经提到,或者两个名词所有格修饰的词相同,往往可以省略第二个所有格后面的名词。
Eg. It is not my fault, but Mary‘s (fault). 这不是我的错,而是玛丽的。
Whose English is better, Jane’s (English) or Tony’s (English)? 谁的英语更好,间的还是托尼的?
null不定代词后接 else , 所有格放在 else 上。
例 somebody else’s bag
1. --- Whose umbrella is it?
--- It’s _______.
A. somebody else’s B. Somebody else
C. Somebody’s else’s D. Somebody’s else
Anull表示无生命的名词所有格
表示无生命的名词所有格用 “名词+of+名词”的结构表示所有关系
教室的窗户
the windows of the classroom
书的名字
the name of the book
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3.双重所有格
双重所有格中带’s所有格的名词必须是个明确确定的指人的名词,同时of前面必须是不确定的名词。
a brother of my father’s 我父亲的一个兄弟
a novel of Lu Xun’s 鲁迅的一部小说null 练习
1.The girl talking to Mary is a friend of ________.
A. Mary’s sister B. Mary sister’s
C. Mary’s sister’s D. Sister of Mary’s
2. He is very tired. He needs ______.
A. a night rest B. a rest night
C. a night’s rest D. a rest of night
CCnullThanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!