美国注册建筑师考试指南SD_Exam_Guide

RE Schematic Design Overview 1 Interior Layout Vignette 2 Sample Passing Solution 4 Sample Failing Solution 5 Building Layout Vignette 6 Sample Passing Solution 9 Sample Failing Solution 11 References 13 This document, effective July 2012, supersedes all previous editions of the ARE® 4.0 Exam Guide: Schematic Design. Please check NCARB’s web site, www.ncarb.org, regularly for updates to the ARE 4.0 Exam Guides and for the most current information regarding the ARE.Copyright © 2012 EXAM GUIDE RE Vignettes Interior Layout Design an interior space plan and furniture arrangement responding to program, code, and accessibility requirements. Building Layout Develop a schematic design for a two-story building addressing program, code, site, and environmental requirements. Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette DIVISION STATEMENT Apply knowledge and skills required for the schematic design of buildings and interior space planning. Building Layout Vignette References 1July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 2July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design INTERIOR LAYOUT VIGNETTE General Tips for Taking Interior Layout Directions The plan on the work screen shows a vacant office space that is to be developed in accordance with the given program and code requirements. Using the tools provided, draw all required spaces (other than the reception or circulation space). As each space is drawn, it is enclosed by walls. To avoid having double walls between adjacent spaces, you must move the walls together until the two walls merge into a single wall. The reception or circulation space is defined by exterior walls and/or the walls of the other spaces. You must use the label that has been provided to identify it. Complete your solution by drawing doors and placing all required furniture. Before beginning your solution, you should review the program and code information that can be accessed through the Vignette Index screen and familiarize yourself with the plan of the area to be developed on the work screen. Program Mr. Jones and Mr. Smith are opening a law office in a historic building. The space is a vacant corner suite of approximately 1,200 ft². u All spaces and workstations shall comply with the accessibility requirements stipulated in the code. Each program space shall include one clear space for a wheelchair to make a 180-degree turn as described in the code. A continuous path that meets the minimum clear distance requirement of the code shall be provided to each work table and to the eating area behind each desk. u The furniture layout must allow for reasonable clearances and access to all of the furniture elements. Move furniture into each room, then rotate and move each item as necessary. not aligned overlapped good alignment Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 3July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design INTERIOR LAYOUT VIGNETTE Space and Furniture Requirements 1. Reception and Business Office (RBO) u The configuration and furniture layout of this space must allow a clear view of the suite’s main entrance door from a secretarial desk. u This is the only space to be used for circulation. u All spaces must have direct access to this space. u Furniture requirements: 2 secretarial desks 1 work table 3 lateral file cabinets 2 lounge chairs 1 square coffee table 2. Mr. Jones’ Office (JO) u Must have an exterior window. u Furniture requirements: 1 executive desk 1 table for four 1 credenza 2 arm chairs 3. Mr. Smith’s Office (SO) u Must have an exterior window. u Must have direct access to the Library and Conference Room. u Furniture requirements: 1 executive desk 3 arm chairs 1 round coffee table 1 small bookcase 4. Library and Conference Room (LCR) u Furniture requirements: 1 conference table 2 large bookcases 1 arm chair 1 square coffee table 5. Copy Room (CR) u Furniture requirements: 1 copy machine 1 storage cabinet 1 small bookcase Code Comply with the following code requirements. These are the ONLY code-related criteria you are required to use. General 1. The space required for a wheelchair to make a 180-degree turn is a clear space of 60 inches in diameter, as shown in Figure 1. 2. The minimum clear distance between walls or between a wall and any other obstruction along an aisle, corridor, or passageway shall be 36 inches. Doors 1. Clear width: Doorways shall have a minimum clear opening of 32 inches with the door open 90 degrees, measured between the face of the door and the opposite stop. 2. Maneuvering clearances: Minimum maneuvering clearances at doors shall be as shown in Figure 2. The floor or ground area within the required clearances shall be level and clear. No door, when open to 90 degrees, shall interfere with the maneuvering clearance of another door. 3. Double-leaf doorways: If doorways have two indepen- dently-operated door leaves, then at least one leaf shall meet the requirements above for clear width and maneuvering clearances. 3July 2012 ARE® 4.0 FIGURE 1: TURNING SPACE FIGURE 2: MANEUVERING CLEARANCES AT DOORS 60” min. 60” min. Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 4July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design INTERIOR LAYOUT VIGNETTE – Sample Passing Solution This solution has appropriate access to all workspaces as required by the code. Each room has enough space for a wheelchair to turn around in as well as to allow access to all furniture. The reception and business office (RBO) allows for a clear view of the main entrance from a desk, controls access to all other spaces, and is the only space used for circulation. Mr. Smith’s office (SO) has the required direct access to the library and conference room (LCR). All doors have correct clearances required for accessibility, the two spaces required to have windows are properly located, and all of the furniture is provided as stated in the program. 4July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Direct access provided as required. Acceptable visual control. Typical latch side accessibility is maintained throughout. Sketch circle used as accessibility gauge. This symbol should be used to designate the Reception Area. All work stations are accessible. Procedural Tips u Check overlaps while you are working through your solution. u Be sure to keep scrolling until you have seen all of the Program information. Click on the down arrow on the scroll bar to ensure that you have seen all of the text. u When elements overlap, you may have trouble selecting a particular element. If this happens, keep clicking (without moving the mouse) until the desired element highlights. Warnings u Doors cannot be attached to existing walls. They are only for walls of rooms you draw. Tools You Might Find Useful u Zoom is especially useful in this vignette to: • see whether walls overlap • adjust overlapping elements • check clearances • enlarge a room before you furnish it u Sketch grid tool to get an idea of the scale of the rooms you want to lay out. Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 5July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design INTERIOR LAYOUT VIGNETTE - Sample Failing Solution This solution has a number of accessibility mistakes that cause it to fail. Walls and/or furniture encroach or block the necessary clearances in Mr. Jones’ office (JO) and the work room (WR). Mr. Smith’s office (SO) does not have the required direct access to the library and conference room (LCR), and the work room (WR) is too narrow at the copier to allow proper access. The library and conference room (LCR) is also missing a piece of furniture. Proper clearance is not maintained at door. This area is too narrow and prevents access to copy machine. Second bookcase is missing in conference room. Required direct access is not provided. Furniture interferes with accessibility. Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 6July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design BUILDING LAYOUT VIGNETTE General Tips for Taking Building Layout Directions Using the tools provided, develop floor plans for the two-story building described in the program. Your floor plans should be responsive to given program and code requirements and should reflect principles of sound design logic. Adequate and code-compliant circulation should be provided, and the orientation of the building should be responsive to site influences. Develop your floor plans by sizing and locating all required spaces and any necessary corridors on the site plan provided on the work screen. Indicate all windows, doors, and wall openings, and use the “Open to Below” tool that has been provided to indicate the upper story of the two-story space. To avoid having double walls between adjacent spaces, you must move the walls together until the two walls merge into a single wall. Before beginning your solution, you should review the program and code information that can be accessed through the Vignette Index screen and familiarize yourself with the site plan on the work screen. Program The family life center will provide recreational and fellowship facilities for a community church. 1. The site is located on Market Street adjacent to a community church. Parking is available off the site. 2. The major view is to the north. 3. The receptionist is to have visual control of the entry to each of the following spaces: the lobby, the game room, and the children’s room. 4. The main entrance door shall face west. 5. All spaces shall have a 9 ft ceiling height except the multi-purpose room, which shall have an 18 ft ceiling height. 6. The area of each space shall be within 10 percent of the required program area. 7. The total corridor area shall not exceed 25 percent of the total program area. 8. The second floor envelope must be congruent with or wholly contained within the first floor envelope with the exception that doors to the exterior may be recessed for weather protection. All walls properly aligned. Use the layers icon to switch between floors. Floor 1 shown in light gray. Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 7July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design BUILDING LAYOUT VIGNETTE Program – Spaces Tag Name Area (ft²) Requirements ST Stair 800 2 per floor @ 200 ft² per stair E Elevator Shaft 200 1 per floor @ 100 ft² each; Minimum dimension = 7 ft EE Elevator Equipment Room 100 EM Electrical/Mechanical Room 500 AO Assistant Director’s Office 200 Exterior window required; Direct access to Secretarial Office CR Children’s Room 750 Exterior window required; Near Multi-purpose Room DO Director’s Office 350 Exterior window required; Direct access to Secretarial Office GR Game Room 1,350 View—exterior window required L Lobby 700 Main Entrance LM Large Meeting Room 1,000 Exterior window required LR Locker Rooms 200 2 @ 100 ft² each; Exterior windows prohibited; Direct access to Multi-purpose Room MP Multi-purpose Room 2,600 View—exterior window required; 18 ft ceiling; 2 exits; First floor R Receptionist 400 Exterior window required; Near Lobby SM Small Meeting Room 750 Exterior window required; Near Large Meeting Room SO Secretarial Office 500 Exterior window required; Near Large Meeting Room; Second Floor SW Social Worker 500 Exterior window required TR Toilet Rooms 800 2 per floor @ 200 ft² each TS Table/chair Storage 300 Near Multi-purpose Room TOTAL PROGRAM AREA 12,000 ft² Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 8July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design BUILDING LAYOUT VIGNETTE Code Comply with the following code requirements. These are the ONLY code-related criteria you are required to use. Definitions 1. Means of egress: A continuous and unobstructed path of travel from any point in a building to a public way. A means of egress comprises the vertical and horizontal means of travel to an exit and includes intervening doors, interior wall openings, corridors, circulation areas, and stairs. 2. Circulation area: A lobby or a space designated as an “area.” 3. Exit: That portion of a means of egress that provides a protected route of travel to the exit discharge. Exits include both exterior exit doors and exit stairways. Exiting Requirements 1. Provide a minimum of two exits from each floor separated by a travel distance equal to not less than 1/2 of the length of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of the floor to be served. 2. Every room shall connect directly to a corridor or circulation area. Exception: elevator equipment rooms and rooms with an area of 50 ft² or less may connect to a corridor or circulation area through an intervening space, but not directly to a stair. 3. In rooms required to have two exit doors, separate the two exit doors by a distance equal to not less than 1/2 of the length of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of that room. u Exit doors may discharge directly to the exterior of the building at grade. 4. Required exit doors shall swing in the direction of egress travel. 5. Door swings shall not reduce the minimum clear exit path to less than 3 ft. Corridors 1. Discharge corridors directly to the exterior at grade or through stairs or circulation areas. 2. Do not interrupt corridors with intervening rooms-circulation areas are not considered to be intervening spaces. 3. Maximum length of dead-end corridors: 20 ft. 4. Minimum clear width of corridors: 6 ft. Stairs 1. Discharge stairs directly to the exterior at grade. 2. Connect stairs directly to a corridor or circulation area at each floor with exit access doors. 3. Minimum width of stairs: 4 ft. Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 9July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design BUILDING LAYOUT VIGNETTE – Sample Passing Solution Floor 1 This solution succeeds in meeting all of the program requirements. The main entrance is from the west, and the receptionist (R) has good visual control of the entrances to the lobby (L), the game room (GR), and the children’s room (CR). The locker rooms (LR) have direct access to the multi-purpose room (MP), and the table/chair storage (TS) is near the multi- purpose room (MP). 9July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Procedural Tips u Before you begin, it helps to toggle between the Program and the work screen, looking at each in the context of the other. u Read the Program and Program Spaces listing carefully. u Be sure to keep scrolling until you have seen all of the Program infor- mation. Click on the down arrow on the scroll bar to ensure that you have seen all of the text. u You may want to draw each space so that it has approximately the required area, assemble the spaces into a finished floor plan, then adjust the areas if necessary. Note that the dimensions that are given as you draw a space are from wall centerline to wall centerline. It is especially important to take this into consideration when you are drawing corridors to code-required widths, which are measured from one edge of the corridor to the other. u Keep layers from the other floor turned on to help you see the limits of the building. u Check for overlaps while you are drawing. Be sure to use the check tool on both floors. u You are not required to show doors or wall openings in elevator walls. Required view. Required view. Visual control of required spaces. Direct access to exterior. Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 10July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design BUILDING LAYOUT VIGNETTE – Sample Passing Solution Floor 2 On the second floor, the small meeting room (SM) is near the large meeting room (LM). The director’s office (DO) and the assistant director’s office (AO) are directly connected to the secretarial office (SO). The corridor system is straightforward with exit stairs at each end on the second floor and exits to the exterior on the first floor. There are no dead-end corridors that exceed the 20-foot limit established in the code. 10July 2012 ARE® 4.0 u When elements overlap, you may have trouble selecting a particular element. If this happens, keep clicking (without moving the mouse) until the desired element highlights. Warnings u Wall openings may be drawn only between circulation areas (including corridors). Circulation areas are indicated by a lighter hatched background. u Be sure that the walls of adjacent circulation areas (including corridors) are opened by doors or wall openings. u Remember that you cannot move elements from one floor to another. Tools You Might Find Useful u Zoom to see the walls more clearly u Full-screen cursor to help you line up the walls u Sketch grid tool to help you align elements “Open to below” is properly located above high ceiling space. Straightforward egress system. Direct access requirements provided. Relationships meet program requirements. Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 11July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design BUILDING LAYOUT VIGNETTE – Sample Failing Solution Floor 1 This solution has many problems that resulted in a failing score. The main entrance is from the east instead of from the west, as required. The receptionist (R) does not have adequate visual control over the entrance to the children’s room (CR). No visual control of children’s room. Building entrance from the wrong street. Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 12July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design BUILDING LAYOUT VIGNETTE – Sample Failing Solution Floor 2 On the second floor, the director and assistant director’s offices (DO and AO, respectively) are directly connected to the secretarial office (SO), but the aspect ratio of one of the rooms is unacceptable. Though less important, the small meeting room (SM) is smaller than the program allows. Small meeting room is smaller than required Room has poor aspect ratio. Schematic Design 2 Vignettes Overview Interior Layout Vignette Building Layout Vignette References 13July 2012 ARE® 4.0 Schematic Design The Architect’s Studio Companion: Technical Guidelines for Preliminary Design Edward Allen and Joseph Iano John Wiley & Sons, latest edition Architectural Graphic Standards Charles G. Ramsey and Harold R. Sleeper The American Institute of Architects John Wiley & Sons, latest edition Time-Saver Standards for Architectural Design Data Donald Watson, Michael Crosbie, and John Hancock Callender, Editors McGraw-Hill, latest edition REFERENCES The following references are presented to assist candidates in preparation for the examination. This list represents texts that have content covered in this division of the examination. This is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all possible reference materials for the subject area. NCARB makes no guarantee that the various references are currently in print. 2011 Schematic Design Overview Interior Layout Vignette Sample Passi